CN1096867C - 抗溃疡剂和幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂 - Google Patents
抗溃疡剂和幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了有效地用于治疗和预防胃粘膜溃疡以及抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连胃粘膜的新药,并且该药是非常安全的。抗胃溃疡剂和幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂含有岩藻依聚糖(即含在红藻或褐藻萃取物中的多糖类)作为有效成分。
Description
本发明是关于用于预防和治疗胃粘膜溃疡和肿瘤以及其他疾病的药物。
作为治疗胃粘膜溃疡的抗溃疡剂,现已应用的有抑制胃酸分泌的H2阻断剂和质子泵抑制剂。但是在中断服用所述抑制分泌的药物之后胃溃疡经常复发。
近年来,已经鉴定确定的细菌幽门螺旋菌参与胃粘膜发生的溃疡。据信该细菌粘连在胃粘膜上,在该处它产生氨引起胃炎而胃炎又会发展为胃溃疡或癌。请参见Anti-Infectious Agent and Diseases,1993,pp.294~309。
由于细菌幽门螺旋菌粘连在胃粘膜下的组织上,因此通过服用药物(如抗菌素)消除该细菌是很困难的。虽然曾试图通过并用几种抗菌素和质子泵抑制剂来消除幽门螺旋菌,但是该疗法需长期服用大量的抗菌素。在该疗法中,导致出现不良的伴有抗菌素耐药株的各种问题。
幽门螺旋菌识别胃粘膜上的胆固醇、糖脂、硫酸化糖脂、昆布氨酸、岩藻糖基化的糖链和唾液酸,并且粘连在胃粘膜上。因此,试图用干扰幽门螺旋菌识别上述化合物的方法来预防幽门螺旋菌引起的胃粘膜炎症和该细菌粘连到胃粘膜上。抑制该细菌粘连的物质已有报道,它们是幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂,它包括胎球蛋白(它抑制经由唾液酸的粘连)和分泌型免疫球蛋白A(它抑制经由岩藻糖基化的糖链的粘连)。但是,上述物质不能实际应用作为幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂,因为它们不能大量地供应。
另一方面,本发明人以前曾发现属于双岐杆菌属或乳酸细菌属的细菌细胞,并且从它们中萃取的多糖类不仅能有效地预防胃溃疡,而且还可促进愈合,因此可用作为抗溃疡剂(JPA-4-5236;这里所用的专业名词″JPA″是指未经审查公开的日本专利申请)。此外,本发明人还发现,来源于某些海藻的鼠李糖富集的多糖类6-脱氧α-L-甘露聚糖和鼠李糖低聚糖具有类似的作用(JPA-5-61447)。但是,上述多糖类显示的抗溃疡机理以前是不清楚的。
本发明的目的是提供治疗和预防溃疡有效的新的抗溃疡剂。
本发明的另一目的是提供抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连胃粘膜并能预防和治疗由该细菌所引起的胃炎、胃溃疡、胃癌和其他疾病的药物。
本发明成功地提供的新的抗溃疡剂和幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂(下面称为″本发明药物″,并意指包括上述抗溃疡剂和粘连抑制剂两者)含有岩藻依聚糖(即主要含有岩藻糖的多糖类)作为有效成分。
岩藻依聚糖市场上以试剂和纯化制剂的形式销售。使用这些市场上买得到的产品作为制备本发明药物的起始物质是最方便的。另外,岩藻依聚糖可以从岩澡依聚糖富集的红藻或褐藻用热水或稀酸水溶液容易地萃取出来。该萃取物和纯化产品均可用于本发明药物。从红藻或褐藻萃取的岩藻依聚糖的分子量通常为约100,000,并且含有约50~60%岩藻糖(按重量计),并带有小量的糖醛酸。组成岩藻依聚糖的一些糖已被硫酸化。
富集岩藻依聚糖并可有利地用作为本发明药物起始物质的海藻的实例包括红藻和褐藻,如褐藻门索藻目海蕴属(PhaeophyceaeChordariales nemacystus)以及树脂状团扇藻、裙带菜、枯墨角藻、海条藻(Himanthulia)、双叉藻属和墨角藻。
从含岩藻依聚糖的海藻萃取岩藻依聚糖方法的典型实施例如下。
(1)热水萃取法
将含岩藻依聚糖的海藻悬浮于约2~3倍(按湿重计)的水中,并加热至约100℃保持约10分钟~1小时。离心除去沉淀后,加入氯化钙或乙酸钡到上清液中,得到浓度为0.5~1.0g/l的溶液,并将析出的藻酸除去。低分子量物质用10倍蒸馏水进行3次渗析或以超滤法除去,或将残余物冷冻干燥,得到岩藻依聚糖。
(2)酸萃取法
将含岩藻依聚糖的海藻悬浮于约3倍(按湿重计)调至pH4的乙酸水溶液中,或悬浮于稀盐酸(pH2.0)中,得到浓度为0.01mol的溶液,并于约室温~100℃萃取。离心除去沉淀之后,加入苛性苏打溶液将上清液中和。然后加入氯化钙溶液,得到浓度为0.5~1.0g/l的溶液,并将析出的藻酸除去。然后,用超滤法或渗析法除去低分子量的物质,并将残余物冷冻干燥,得到岩藻依聚糖。
用带有分级分子量5,000的超滤膜进行超滤,以便将所得的上清液浓缩到十分之一。所得的浓缩液于带有分级分子量6,000~8,000的渗析管中用10倍蒸馏水进行3次渗析(渗析时间为20小时)。
从上述2个萃取法中任何一个方法得到的萃取物可以用例如凝胶过滤法或离子交换层析法进行进一步纯化,以便提高岩藻依聚糖的含量。
按上述2个萃取法中任何一个方法从海藻中萃取的高分子量岩藻依聚糖可以用例如Smith降解法降解至平均分子量约10,000,Smith降解法包括用高碘酸进行处理,参见Seikagaku Jikken Koza,4″Toshitsu no Kagaku″(生物化学实验讲义4″糖化学″)最新一卷,Tokyo Kagaku Dojin.也可参见下面实施例3。以下式表示的降解后的岩藻依聚糖可用于本发明的药物。
其中R1为岩藻糖,R2为H或SO3,n为整数。降解有利于降低溶液的粘滞性,因而使该溶液易于使用而不会引起效果降低。
在抗溃疡效果方面,岩藻依聚糖与从双岐杆菌如海藻中萃取的多糖类至少是类似的,并且在某些方面优于它们。
本发明的抗溃疡剂和幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂为口服给药。岩藻依聚糖进入消化道并到达受损部位,在此处岩藻依聚糖发挥治疗溃疡的作用。
岩藻依聚糖通过抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连胃粘膜还可预防胃粘膜炎症(见下面试验实施例2表4),该炎症可发展为胃溃疡或癌。
本发明药物含有岩藻依聚糖,即从可食用海藻中得到的多糖类,因此本发明药物是非常安全的。因此,可以任意地选用剂型和剂量。一般来讲,可以将本发明的药物与药学上可接受的液体或固体载体(如溶液、分散剂、乳化剂、缓冲剂、稳定剂、填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂和润滑剂)一起任意地混合,并且可以制成例如片剂、颗粒剂、粉剂、散剂和胶囊剂。
对大多数成人来说,本发明药物合适的剂量范围为约1~500mg/kg/天,以5~50mg/kg/天较好。
本发明药物可以口服。另外,也可以将其加到每天摄取的食物或饮料中。
实施例1
将褐藻门索藻目海蕴属(Phaeophyceae Chordarialesnemacystus)用蒸馏水洗涤,按每1g海藻(按湿重计)加入3ml水。然后将溶液加热至100℃保持1小时,以萃取可溶于热水中的成分。得到的萃取液通过尼龙布滤器过滤。滤液以9,000rpm离心60分钟。将所得的上清液用带有分级分子量为30,000的超滤膜浓缩。向浓缩液中加入乙醇,以使浓度为30-50体积%。然后将该混合物离心以除去不溶物质。
得到的上清液以蒸馏水进行渗析并冷冻干燥。得到岩藻依聚糖(纯度:90%或90%以上)。产率:0.5%(按重量计,以湿海藻计)。
用NMR测定纯度,通过酚-硫酸法测定中性糖类的量,并通过Micro BCA法测定蛋白质的量。
所得该岩藻依聚糖的成分用气相色谱法分析。岩藻依聚糖含有70-80%岩藻糖作为主要成分,以及0-5%糖醛酸。用SephaerylS-200进行凝胶过滤,测定岩藻依聚糖的分子量为约100,000。13C-NMR的数据表明,这些多糖类含有70-80%6-脱氧糖聚合物作为主要成分,以及0-5%糖醛酸。
实施例2
重复上面实施例1的方法,但褐藻门索藻目海蕴属的岩藻依聚糖萃取液是用0.01N盐酸于100℃萃取30分钟得到的,最终得到的岩藻依聚糖产率为1.5%(按湿海藻的重量计)。
上述得到的岩藻依聚糖纯度为90%或90%以上,并含有3377nmol/mg岩藻糖和1442nmol/mg硫酸盐基团。
实施例3
将上面实施例1中得到的7g岩藻依聚糖溶于500ml的0.2M高碘酸(在10mM乙酸盐缓冲液中,pH5.0)溶液中,并使其在暗处静置3天。然后加入1ml乙二醇以分解过量的高碘酸。该反应混合物用1M硼酸盐缓冲液调节至pH8.0,得到最后浓度为0.4M,然后加入4g硼氢化钠进行还原。该反应完成后,该混合物用冰醋酸中和、浓缩并经超滤脱盐。接着,加入盐酸使该混合物的pH值调至2.0,再进行脱缩醛作用。该反应混合物用分级分子量为1,000的渗透膜进行渗析。将所得的内部液体进行冷冻干燥。由此得到降解的岩藻依聚糖(平均分子量:约为10,000,产量:3.44g)。
试验实施例1
将实施例1和2制得的岩藻依聚糖和市场上买到的岩藻依聚糖对乙酸引起的溃疡进行抗溃疡作用的试验。
将10只8周龄的SD大白鼠(体重250-300g)在戊巴比妥麻醉下进行剖腹。露出胃,将0.03ml20%乙酸注入胃的粘膜下层以引起溃疡。从手术的第2天~第9天按下表1-3所示的每天剂量给予动物口服试验物质。在试验期间,动物任意进食和饮水。在第10天,切开胃,测量溃疡部分的面积(长的直径X短的直径)并作为溃疡指数。按照下面等式从溃疡指数计算”治愈百分率″:
得到的结果列于表1-3。表中的溃疡指数以每组10只动物的平均数±标准差表示。
表1
实施例1 得到的岩藻依聚糖的抗溃疡效果
剂量 溃疡指数 治愈百分率
mg/大白鼠
(%)
0 11.0±3.2 -
(对照)
1.5×8 8.7±3.4 21.1
3.0×8 5.6±2.9* 49.1
6.0×8 5.9±1.6* 45.9
注:误差为5%或小于5%为显著(下面相同)
表2
实施例2得到的岩藻依聚糖的抗溃疡效果
剂量 溃疡指数 治愈百分率
mg/大白鼠 (%)
0 12.8±3.9 -
(对照)
1.5×8 7.6±3.6* 40.4
3.0×8 9.2±5.3 28.4
6.0×8 8.7±4.0* 32.0
表3墨角藻得到的岩藻依聚糖(由Sigma Chemical公司制备)的抗溃疡效果
剂量 溃疡指数 治愈百分率
mg/大白鼠 (%)
0 11.7±3.1 -
(对照)
1.5×8 8.7±1.9* 26.1
3.0×8 7.3±3.7* 38.4
6.0×8 6.3±2.2* 46.4
试验实施例2
幽门螺旋菌置于微量板上。然后将生物素标记的BSA(牛血清蛋白)结合到看来是幽门螺旋菌粘连因素的岩藻糖糖链上,并将其加到微量板上。结果BSA与幽门螺旋菌粘连。用颜色显色反应测定粘连作用。
加入各岩藻依聚糖作为指示剂,应用上面提到的粘连作用抑制的程度来测定以上实施例2得到的岩藻依聚糖和实施例3得到的降解岩藻依聚糖抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连的活性。测定按下述方法进行。
将生物素标记的岩藻糖糖链-键联的BSA(0~0.04μg/ml)加到微量板(Pyriea板,从Biomerica公司购得的产品)的各个孔中,在各个孔中置有幽门螺旋菌,并于37℃反应1小时。用缓冲溶液洗去未结合的糖链-键联的BSA,将100μl抗生蛋白链菌素溶液(浓度:0.05mg/ml)加到各孔中,并于室温反应30分钟。抗生蛋白链菌素有选择地与各孔中剩余生物素-糖链-键联的BSA结合。洗去过量的抗生蛋白链菌素后,加入100μl过氧化酶标记的生物素溶液(2.5μg/mg),并于室温反应30分钟。洗去过量酶标记的生物素。酶标记的生物素有选择地与糖链-键联的BSA和抗生物蛋白链菌素的复合物相结合。加入100μl底物溶液(ABTS过氧化酶底物系统,从KPL公司购买的产品),并于室温反应10分钟后,以405nm波长处的吸光度测定酶(过氧化酶)的活性。根据加到反应系统中岩藻糖-键联的BSA的量,测定的吸光度增加。
将5~150μl/ml岩藻依聚糖加到按以上所述含有岩藻糖-键联的BSA和幽门螺旋菌的反应系统中,并按同样方式测定吸光度。结果列于下面表4和5。随加到反应系统中岩藻依聚糖的量增加,测得的吸光度降低,这表明岩藻依聚糖抑制了幽门螺旋菌与糖链-键联的BSA的粘连。
表4实施例2的岩藻依聚糖对幽门螺旋菌粘连的抑制作用岩藻依聚糖的浓度(μg/ml) 吸光度(405nm)0 1.2191 0.9012.5 0.4305 0.2977.5 0.13210 0.092100 0.000
表5实施例3的岩藻依聚糖对幽门螺旋菌粘连的抑制作用岩藻依聚糖的浓度(μg/ml) 吸光度(405nm)0 1.28410 1.25415 0.89520 0.72525 0.50150 0.209100 0.098150 0.092
如以上所述,本发明提供了促进溃疡愈合并抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连的药物,本发明药物能有效地预防和治疗可能发展为溃疡和癌的胃粘膜炎。本发明药物用可食用的海藻如褐藻门索藻目的海蕴属作为起始物质制得。因此,本发明药物可大量地以低价格供应。此外,本发明药物是非常安全的。
虽然本发明已被详细地叙述并有具体实施例参考,但是应该明白,熟悉本技术领域的专业人员可以在不偏离本发明精神和范围的情况下进行各种变化和改进。
Claims (14)
1.包含岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的抗溃疡剂用于制备预防和治疗由幽门螺旋菌引起的胃粘膜溃疡和肿瘤的药物的用途。
2.权利要求1的用途,其中抗溃疡剂包含含有岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的海藻提取物,其中所述海藻是红藻或褐藻。
3.权利要求1或2的用途,其中抗溃疡剂包含含有岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的褐藻门索藻目海蕴属提取物。
4.包含降解的岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的抗溃疡剂。
5.包含含有降解的岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的海藻提取物的抗溃疡剂,其中所述海藻是红藻或褐藻。
6.包含含有降解的岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的褐藻门索藻目海蕴属提取物的抗溃疡剂。
7.包含岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂用于制备抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连胃粘膜的药物的用途。
8.权利要求7的用途,其中粘连抑制剂包含含有岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的海藻提取物,其中所述海藻是红藻或褐藻。
9.权利要求7到8任一项的用途,其中粘连抑制剂包含含有岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的褐藻门索藻目海蕴属提取物。
10.包含降解的岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂。
11.包含含有降解的岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的的海藻提取物的幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂,其中所述海藻是红藻或褐藻。
12.包含含有降解的岩藻依聚糖作为有效成分的褐藻门索藻目海蕴属提取物的幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂。
13.包含治疗有效量的作为有效成分的岩藻依聚糖的抗溃疡组合物用于制备预防和治疗由幽门螺旋菌引起的胃粘膜溃疡和肿瘤的药物的用途。
14.包含治疗有效量的作为有效成分的岩藻依聚糖的幽门螺旋菌粘连抑制剂组合物用于制备抑制幽门螺旋菌粘连胃粘膜的药物的用途。
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AU720004B2 (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 2000-05-18 | Research Institute For Glycotechnology | Apoptosis inducers |
US6573250B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 | 2003-06-03 | Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. | Food or beverage additive containing fucoidan and food and beverage containing fucoidan |
CA2253573C (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 2005-12-06 | Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. | Fucoidan-containing foods or beverages |
JPH1070970A (ja) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-03-17 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | モズク熱水抽出物及びその用途 |
DE69718645T2 (de) * | 1996-07-01 | 2003-08-21 | Otsuka Pharma Co Ltd | Verwendung des heisswasser-extrakts von ''nemacystus decipiens'' |
JPH10191940A (ja) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-07-28 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | モズク抽出物の品質改良法およびモズク抽出物 |
JPH1135591A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-09 | Masakuni Tako | オキナワモズクから分離したフコイダンからのl−フコ ースの製造とそれの製造法 |
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JPH11228602A (ja) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-24 | Yakult Honsha Co Ltd | 免疫力強化剤及び免疫力強化食品 |
CA2307868A1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-08-19 | Takeshi Sakai | Sulfated saccharides |
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JP3982916B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-31 | 2007-09-26 | タカラバイオ株式会社 | 抗ヘリコバクター・ピロリ剤 |
AU2007200916B2 (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2009-09-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yakult Honsha | Antibacterial agents and process for producing the same |
JP4439119B2 (ja) | 1998-10-05 | 2010-03-24 | 株式会社ヤクルト本社 | 抗菌剤及びその製造法 |
CN1098707C (zh) * | 1999-07-19 | 2003-01-15 | 齐清 | 含藻蛋白多糖提取物的药物组合物以及藻蛋白多糖的提取 |
WO2001013925A1 (fr) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-01 | Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. | Medicaments |
US6812220B2 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-11-02 | University Of British Columbia | Pharmaceutical compositions and methods relating to fucans |
JP2003155244A (ja) * | 2002-09-13 | 2003-05-27 | Kyodo Milk Industry Co Ltd | モズク由来のフコイダンを含む食品 |
JP2006143816A (ja) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-06-08 | South Product:Kk | 脱色フコイダンの製造方法 |
JP2006143817A (ja) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-06-08 | South Product:Kk | 脱色フコイダンの製造方法 |
CN100375755C (zh) * | 2005-01-25 | 2008-03-19 | 上海中医药大学 | 一种长叶蜈蚣藻多糖提取物、其制备方法及用途 |
TWI391138B (zh) | 2005-09-27 | 2013-04-01 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 含有纖維寡糖之組合物 |
JP5198438B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2013-05-15 | 日清ファルマ株式会社 | 消化性潰瘍を予防および/または治療するための組成物 |
CN101991598A (zh) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-03-30 | 吉林省辉南长龙生化药业股份有限公司 | 褐藻多糖硫酸酯在制备治疗胃肠疾病药物中的用途 |
JP2011241216A (ja) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-12-01 | Kyodo Milk Industry Co Ltd | モズク由来のフコイダンを含む食品 |
EP2692740A1 (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-02-05 | Le Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Glycan compositions, processes for preparing the same and their uses as a drug |
JP6859017B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-31 | 2021-04-14 | 第一産業株式会社 | 外用クリーム及びその製造方法 |
JP6913266B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-25 | 2021-08-04 | 株式会社クレイ沖縄 | フコイダンともろみ酢とを混合した抗腫瘍方法又は物質 |
CN110731432A (zh) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-31 | 青岛锦慧盛源生物科技发展有限公司 | 一种海藻益生元护胃饮料及其制备方法 |
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- 1994-04-28 JP JP11194694A patent/JP3403496B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-15 CA CA002132150A patent/CA2132150C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-21 DE DE69424731T patent/DE69424731T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-21 AT AT94114879T patent/ATE193449T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-21 EP EP94114879A patent/EP0645143B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-22 NZ NZ264517A patent/NZ264517A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-22 TW TW083108714A patent/TW438593B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-23 AU AU74187/94A patent/AU7418794A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-09-24 CN CN94116485A patent/CN1096867C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-24 KR KR1019940024098A patent/KR100296089B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO1988005301A1 (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1988-07-28 | The Australian National University | Sulphated polysaccharides having anti-metastatatic and/or anti-inflammatory activity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR950007868A (ko) | 1995-04-15 |
EP0645143A1 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
DE69424731D1 (de) | 2000-07-06 |
JP3403496B2 (ja) | 2003-05-06 |
JPH07138166A (ja) | 1995-05-30 |
TW438593B (en) | 2001-06-07 |
CN1108572A (zh) | 1995-09-20 |
KR100296089B1 (ko) | 2001-10-24 |
CA2132150A1 (en) | 1995-03-25 |
CA2132150C (en) | 2004-05-04 |
DE69424731T2 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
ATE193449T1 (de) | 2000-06-15 |
AU7418794A (en) | 1995-04-06 |
EP0645143B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
NZ264517A (en) | 1995-12-21 |
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