CN109463232A - A kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN109463232A CN109463232A CN201811176407.4A CN201811176407A CN109463232A CN 109463232 A CN109463232 A CN 109463232A CN 201811176407 A CN201811176407 A CN 201811176407A CN 109463232 A CN109463232 A CN 109463232A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sweet photo seeds gently to simplify method for culturing seedlings, it is broken in the seed coat using angle nail clipper quarter, soil nursery, establishes small plastic arched shed, be laid with micro-spray device, cover a series of technological means such as sunshade net, covering fly net, solve the problems, such as that sweet photo seed kind skin is hard and be not easy that permeable oxygen uptake, germination percentage is low, emergence rate is low, weak seedling is more, ropy, realize sweet photo seed seedling-raising gently simplify, the unification of high-incidence bud rate, higher survival rate and strong sprout rate.Using the method for the invention, compared with other methods, operation is more simple and safe, cost is lower, seedling germination percentage and emergence rate are higher, can more obtain strong sprout, provides safeguard for Sweetpotato breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sweet photo seeds gently to simplify method for culturing seedlings, particularly belongs to sweet photo seed seedling-raising technology
Field.
Background technique
Sweet potato (Ipomoea Latatas Lam.) is important grain, the raw material of industry, feed and new energy crop, together
When be one of the best health food praised highly both at home and abroad again.Sweet Potato For High. yield Production, stable yields, resistance is strong, wide adaptability, because of its investment
Less, the advantage that output is more, risk is low, the status in health food, alcohol fuel and starch manufacture field are increasingly prominent.Therefore
Demand to Sweetpotato is more and more.
Currently, in the production of China's breeding Sweetpotato, it is main still to obtain sweet photo seed using cross combination, and
The strain with merit is filtered out by planting seedling, to obtain Sweetpotato.Therefore sweet photo seed
Germination percentage and emergence rate height directly affect the Breeding Efficiency of Sweetpotato, and obtaining strong sprout of growing directly from seeds is Sweetpotato breeding
Precondition.
The seed of sweet potato is without dormant period, as long as theoretically mature, temperature and humidity conditions are suitable for can rudiment.But Sweet potato seeds
Kind skin be one layer of hard keratin layer, be not easy permeable oxygen uptake.Since this layer is difficult to permeable kind skin obstruction every untreated kind
Even if son is under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, it is also difficult to sprout.Therefore, it is passed through in breeding work frequently at mechanical damage or chemistry
A part of sweet potato kind skin is carved brokenly or is dissolved, so that kind of skin is smoothly absorbed water ventilative by the mode of reason.It is chemically treated most normal
Method is 98% concentrated sulfuric acid seed soaking 30 ~ 45 minutes or so, but since the seed of different genotype is to the quick of the concentrated sulfuric acid
Perception has differences, and the bad assurance of the time of dense sulfuric acid treatment, time short effect is bad, overlong time, destroys kind of a skin, further
Influence percentage of seedgermination.And due to the concentrated sulfuric acid have strong corrosive, operating process have certain risk, the sulfuric acid outwelled and
Residual night after flushing is to environment and severe water pollution.It can be very good to solve the above problems using method provided by the invention,
And it is easy to operate, seed water absorption rate and germination percentage can reach 95% or more.
Currently used type of seeding mainly uses seedlings nursing plate and Seedling bag to sow, and the seedling seedling matter of acquisition is weaker,
And secondary transplanting is needed, influence Quality of Seedlings and higher cost.And the method that sweet photo seed is directly sowed using soil
Strong sprout can be once cultivated, the time is saved, while improving crop field and planting survival rate.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide a kind of sweet photo seed gently simplified nursery
Method, including true seed preparation, seedbed preparation, seedling medium prepares, soil sowing, establishes Plastic tunnel, the micro- spray of atomization fills
It sets, cover sunshade net, covering fly net, seedbed management.It includes breaking at angle nail clipper quarter that the true seed, which gently simplifies nursery,
Kind skin, the sowing of direct soil, Plastic tunnel, is simply atomized micro-spray device, lid sunshade net and fly net at greenhouse vernalization；Described
Nurturing staff includes implantation time, control irrigation amount and high cutting seedlings.
It is provided by the present invention that the method to break in the seed coat, sweet photo seed water absorption rate and germination percentage are carved using angle nail clipper
It can reach 95% or more, and safety easy to operate.
Seedling is planted in illumination box using seedlings nursing plate and Seedling bag, although seedling can be obtained, to ring
Border and equipment have high requirements, and put into artificial and higher cost.And the method for plantation true seed provided by the invention is direct
True seed is seeded in soil, is covered seedling medium, the emergence of the method sweet potato planting true seed is neat, Miao Zhi
Excellent, emergence rate not only simplifies nursery process up to 90% or more, saves a large amount of manpowers and cost, and can improve sweet photo seed
Emergence rate, once cultivate strong sprout, save the time, improve crop field plant survival rate.
The method provided by the invention installation atomization micro-spray device at the top of plastics Small plastic shed and cover sunshade net, it is not only square
Just manpower is also saved, daily management can be watered by micro- atomization to control temperature and humidity in canopy, greatly improve sweet photo kind
The planting percent of son.Through overtesting and statistics, the germination percentage of sweet potato cross combination true seed is average 95% or more, seedling at
Motility rate can satisfy the needs that sweet potato seedling plants requirement and breeding of new variety 99% or more completely.
A kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) seed preparation: first with clear water rinse method removal sweet photo seed in impurity and part specific gravity it is lesser
Seed, the good seed of selection purity is high, maturity, is broken in the seed coat using angle nail clipper quarter, plants skin breakage mouth diameter less than 0.5
Millimeter is advisable, and integrality is better after the more seedlet water swelling of damaged mouth, and seed water absorption rate, germination percentage are higher, can reach
100% germination percentage；Processed sweet photo seed is put into the culture dish for being covered with filter paper, 40 ~ 50 DEG C of temperature are added in culture dish
Water carries out seed soaking, this process need to persistently be stirred 15 minutes or so with glass bar, be heated evenly seed, be down to 30 to water temperature
DEG C when water is filtered out, then 30 DEG C of distilled water are added into culture dish, distilled water is advisable just to submerge seed, covers above seed
One layer of filter paper, finally covered the lid of culture dish, is put into illumination box or greenhouse and is cultivated, every 3 hours
Change primary distilled water, culture shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to seed and can be sowed for 24 hours or so, and seed bud is unsuitable too long, when the too long sowing of seed bud
Frangibility influences emergence rate.
(2) seedbed preparation: doing seedbed on the leveling land of greenhouse, greenhouse or open country, and selects outdoor sand on the sunny side
Loam does that seedbed is economical and practical, and save the cost, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, length can determine according to the actual situation, convenient and efficient；Before sowing
Site preparation and fertilization is carried out, the compound fertilizer of N15-P15-K15 is mixed, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, ploughs deeply and arranges smooth, the preceding seedbed of seed sowing
A water is sprayed, in advance to ensure suitable soil moisture.
(3) seedling medium: turfy soil is dried, is pulverized, crossing 20 meshes, spare.Fertile garden mould, removes impurity removing, dries, and grinds
It is broken, 20 meshes are crossed, it is spare.Turfy soil, garden mould, vermiculite and perlite are hybridly prepared into seedling medium by 5:3:1:1, before use
First plus water is mixed wet, and water content of substrate is 60% or so, is pinched with hand agglomerating, and putting down is advisable in the state scattered.
(4) soil is sowed: at the beginning of the Shandong Province area sweet photo seed sowing time is annual 4 the end of month to 5 months, seedling is raw
Strong sprout is cut for a long time for height can be obtained when 45d or so.1.5 are scratched on smooth seedbed with thin bamboo or thin waddy first ~
The kind planting ditch of 2.0cm or so depth, kind planting ditch is unsuitable too deep, and plantation ditch depth is unfavorable for seed and breaks ground sproutings, plants planting ditch and shallowly grows directly from seeds very much
Seed is easy to expose outside soil, influences seed and normally germinates.Line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 2.5cm between every kind planting ditch.Use tweezers
The true seed of germination is planted in kind of planting ditch, when plantation should avoid damage to seed bud as far as possible, last covered ready to educate
Seedling matrix simultaneously strikes off.
(5) it establishes Plastic tunnel: building up the arch frame of high about 100cm with bamboo plate or curve arch with the reinforcing bar of 6 ~ 8mm
Shape frame, arch bar spacing 40cm after whole arch bars have been inserted, then tie up 3 drag links, the branch of one installation spray head of hanging at the top of arched shed
Pipe, branch pipe select Φ 16pe pipe, install a spray head every 1.5m, spray head selects specification for the cross of Q=50L/H and R=0.8m
Atomized miniature spraying head, arched shed is interior to install Hygrothermograph, and the White plastic film of cladding thickness 0.06mm, two sides are sternly compacted with grave.
Micro- spray is carried out using micro- spraying equipment easy at the top of arched shed to water, and can significantly be avoided because pouring using the watering of micro- atomization
When water water flow it is excessive caused by seed be rushed out the offset phenomena of soil.Base in arched shed can be kept using micro- spray watering simultaneously
Matter maintains suitable humidity.
(6) cover sunshade net: seed will after planting cover black sunshade net in time, and sunshade net can be controlled effectively in arched shed
Temperature and humidity.Seed removes sunshade net after sowing 2 weeks.
(7) cover fly net: when seedling plant height it is long to 3 ~ 5cm after, remove plastic film, cover upper 40 ~ 60 mesh again
Fly net carry out hardening, cover that fly net is anti-to eliminate aphis and plant hopper, Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato can be prevented.
(8) seedbed management: temperature and humidity in arched shed is periodically observed after seedling plantation in 7d and is changed, is become according to temperature
Change situation and be aerated temperature adjustment, watering is filled in timely micro- spray repair, and soil and matrix in canopy is made to keep being suitable for humidity.According to actual temperature
Situation adjusts the sunshade net cover time, when temperature of shed is more than 35 DEG C, to avoid the occurrence of burn seedlings in the open air port in arched shed two sides
Phenomenon.If it find that when unhealthy potato seedling growth such as sick seedling, weak seedling will pull out in time in the seedling growth phase, and weeding is carried out in time,
Prevent crop smothering；
(9) strong sprout, high cutting seedlings: after true seed sows 45d, seedling grows to 10 ~ 12 leaves or so, and when 30 ~ 35cm of height of seedling can
To carry out cutting seedlings, the strong sprout of the climing top 25cm high of clip potato carries out field-transplanting plantation.
Invention has the beneficial effects that: the method to break in the seed coat is carved than concentrated sulfuric acid immersion treatment seed using angle nail clipper
It has many good qualities, for the true seed for the negligible amounts that those excellent combinations obtain, can be utilized to the greatest extent, work
Making efficiency opposite can also improve, and safe operation is simple, and can be reduced the destruction to environment；Soil is directly sowed not only utmostly
Reduce production cost, and seedling is grown directly upon in soil, and growth conditions is closer to crop field, transplantation of seedlings of growing directly from seeds
Potato seedling growth returns seedling faster after to crop field；It establishes Plastic tunnel, top laying micro-spray device, cover sunshade net, can be very good to control
Temperature and humidity in arched shed improves suitable condition for seedling growth, while the production material that the invention refers to is at low cost, holds
Easily obtain, it is easy to operate, and the production requirement of seedling full stand, robust seedling can be reached；Covering fly net can be prevented eliminating aphis and flying
Lice effectively prevents the generation of Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato.
Using the method for the invention, compared with other methods, operation is more simple and safe, cost is lower, seedling germination
Rate and emergence rate are higher, once obtain strong sprout, provide safeguard for Sweetpotato breeding.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to embodiment, to better understand the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings, using artificial quarter breaks in the seed coat, soil is directly sowed, small-sized arch
Canopy, covers a series of technological means such as sunshade net and fly net at paving micro-spray device, solves that sweet photo seed kind skin is hard is difficult to
Water suction germination, emergence rate be low, problem of weak seedling multimass difference, realize light simplified, the high-incidence bud rate of sweet photo seed seedling-raising production,
The unification of higher survival rate and high strong sprout rate.
Specifically the following steps are included:
(1) seed preparation: select harvest in 2016 through runoff catchment opening pollination obtain with the potato 26 that helps for the maternal and potato that helps
21 be maternal true seed.First impurity and the lesser seed of part specific gravity in seed, choosing are removed with the method that clear water rinses
Purity is high and each 500, the good seed of maturity to be selected, are broken in the seed coat using angle nail clipper quarter, damaged mouth will avoid hilarregion,
Damaged mouth diameter less than 0.5 millimeter to be advisable, and integrality is better after the more seedlet water swelling of damaged mouth, seed water absorption rate and hair
Bud rate is higher.Processed sweet photo seed is put into the culture dish for being covered with filter paper, in culture dish be added 50 DEG C of warm water into
Row seed soaking is persistently stirred 15 minutes or so with glass bar, is heated evenly seed, filters water when water temperature is down to 30 DEG C
Out, then into culture dish 30 DEG C of distilled water are added, distilled water is advisable just to submerge seed, covers one layer of filter above seed again
Paper finally covers the lid of culture dish, is put into progress Cui's bud culture in illumination box or greenhouse, changed every 3 hours
Primary distilled water, culture show money or valuables one carries unintentionally to seed and can be sowed for 24 hours or so, and seed bud is unsuitable too long, and when seed bud too long sowing is easy
Fractureing influences emergence rate.
(2) seedbed preparation: this programme enforcement place is test nursery lot, and outdoor sandy loam on the sunny side is selected to do seedbed, seedling
Bedside 1.2m, length determine according to the actual situation, increase N15-P15-K15 compound fertilizer, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields, and carry out ploughing deeply site preparation, seedling
Bed surface will arrange smooth, and outdoor bed is convenient and practical, save the cost.Seed sows preceding seedbed and first pours a water, protects soil
Hold suitable humidity.
(3) seedling medium: turfy soil is dried, is pulverized, crossing 20 meshes, spare.Fertile garden mould, removes impurity removing, dries, and grinds
It is broken, 20 meshes are crossed, it is spare.Turfy soil, garden mould, vermiculite and perlite are hybridly prepared into seedling medium by 5:3:1:1, before use
First plus water is mixed wet, and water content of substrate is 60% or so, is pinched with hand agglomerating, and putting down is advisable in the state scattered.
(4) soil is sowed: being started on May 2nd, 2017 to plant true seed, be collected seedling June 16, the seedling growth phase is
45d.The kind planting ditch of deep 1.5 ~ 2.0cm or so is scratched with thin bamboo or thin waddy first, kind planting ditch is unsuitable too deep, and plantation ditch depth is not
It breaks ground sprouting conducive to seed, the kind too shallow true seed of planting ditch is easy to expose soil face again, can not normal growth.Between every kind planting ditch
Line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 2.5cm.The true seed of germination is planted in kind of planting ditch with tweezers, when plantation should avoid damage to as far as possible
Seed bud, last covered ready seedling medium simultaneously strike off.
(5) it establishes Plastic tunnel: building up the round arched shed of high about 100cm, arch bar spacing 40cm, whole arch bars with bamboo plate
After having inserted, then 3 drag links are tied up, the branch pipe of one installation spray head of hanging at the top of arched shed, branch pipe selects Φ 16pe pipe, every 1.5m
One spray head is installed, spray head selects specification for the cross Atomized miniature spraying head of Q=30L/H and R=0.8m, and temperature and humidity is installed in arched shed
Meter, the White plastic film of cladding thickness 0.06mm, two sides are sternly compacted with grave.Using micro- spraying equipment easy at the top of arched shed into
The micro- spray watering of row, can significantly avoid the seed because caused by water flow is excessive when watering from being rushed using the watering of micro- atomization
The offset phenomena of soil out, while matrix in arched shed can be kept to maintain suitable humidity using micro- spray watering.
(6) cover sunshade net: seed will after planting cover black sunshade net in time, and sunshade net can be controlled effectively in arched shed
Temperature and humidity.When temperature of shed is more than 35 DEG C, burn seedlings phenomenon is avoided the occurrence of in the open air port in arched shed two sides.Sowing 2
Sunshade net is removed after week.
(7) cover fly net: when seedling tidy seedlings output height of seedling it is long to 5cm after, remove plastic film and cover upper 40 ~ 60 again
Purpose fly net carries out hardening, and covering fly net is anti-to eliminate aphis and plant hopper, can prevent Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato.
(8) seedbed management: temperature and humidity in arched shed is periodically observed after seedling plantation in 7d and is changed, is become according to temperature
Change situation and be aerated temperature adjustment, watering is filled in timely micro- spray repair, and soil and matrix in canopy is made to keep being suitable for humidity.According to actual temperature
Situation adjusts the sunshade net cover time.When temperature of shed is more than 35 DEG C, burn seedlings is avoided the occurrence of in the open air port in arched shed two sides
Phenomenon.1 nursery fertilizer is sprayed after full stand of growing directly from seeds seedling, is imposed again after N concentration 300mg/L, 7d primary.The seedling growth later period will control
Irrigation amount and watering time, prevention seedling growth are excessively prosperous.If it find that when unhealthy potato seedling growth such as sick seedling, weak seedling is wanted in growth period
It pulls out in time, and carries out weeding in time, prevent crop smothering.
(8) strong sprout, high cutting seedlings: after true seed sows 45d, seedling grows to 10 ~ 12 leaves or so, 30 ~ 35cm of height of seedling
When can carry out cutting seedlings, the strong sprout of the climing top 25cm high of clip potato carries out field-transplanting plantation.
Nursery lot is tested in Jining City's academy of agricultural science within 2017, utilize the present invention and traditional seedling nursery skill
Art the results are shown in Table 1 and table 2, test result shows to utilize the present invention using help potato 21 and Ji 26 true seed of potato as test material
The Ji potato 26 of processing and Ji 21 true seed germination percentage of potato are respectively 99.0% and 98.8%, and with the true seed of dense sulfuric acid treatment
Germination percentage is respectively 74.0% and 73.6%, and the true seed that the present invention is handled is than the true seed germination percentage that concentrated sulfuric acid method is handled
25.0% and 25.2% is respectively increased；It is respectively 94.9% and 95.3% using the strong sprout rate that present invention plantation obtains, and hole tray is planted
True seed strong sprout rate is respectively 75.7% and 73.3%, and the present invention obtains strong sprout rate and is respectively increased 19.2% than hole tray implantation methods
With 22.0%.Experiment results proved is compared with the traditional method, and can significantly improve sweet photo kind using technology provided by the invention
The germination percentage and strong sprout rate of son.
The different maternal different disposal true seed germination percentages of table 1
The different maternal different disposal true seed emergence rates of table 2 and strong sprout rate
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as this hair
Bright protection scope.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) seed preparation: first with clear water rinse method removal sweet photo seed in impurity and part specific gravity it is lesser
Seed, the good seed of selection purity is high, maturity, is broken in the seed coat using angle nail clipper quarter, plants skin breakage mouth diameter less than 0.5
Millimeter is advisable, and integrality is better after the more seedlet water swelling of damaged mouth, and seed water absorption rate, germination percentage are higher, can reach
100% germination percentage；Processed sweet photo seed is put into the culture dish for being covered with filter paper, 40 ~ 50 DEG C of temperature are added in culture dish
Water carries out seed soaking, this process need to persistently be stirred 15 minutes or so with glass bar, be heated evenly seed, be down to 30 to water temperature
DEG C when water is filtered out, then 30 DEG C of distilled water are added into culture dish, distilled water is advisable just to submerge seed, covers above seed
One layer of filter paper, finally covered the lid of culture dish, is put into illumination box or greenhouse and is cultivated, every 3 hours
Change primary distilled water, culture shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to seed and can be sowed for 24 hours or so, and seed bud is unsuitable too long, when the too long sowing of seed bud
Frangibility influences emergence rate；
(2) seedbed preparation: doing seedbed on the leveling land of greenhouse, greenhouse or open country, and selects outdoor sandy loam on the sunny side
It is economical and practical to do seedbed, save the cost, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, length can determine according to the actual situation, convenient and efficient；It is carried out before sowing
Site preparation and fertilization mixes the compound fertilizer of N15-P15-K15, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, ploughs deeply and arranges smooth, seed is sowed preceding seedbed and to be mentioned
A time water of preceding spray, to ensure suitable soil moisture；
(3) seedling medium: turfy soil is dried, is pulverized, crossing 20 meshes, spare,
Fertile garden mould, removes impurity removing, dries, and pulverizes, and crosses 20 meshes, spare；Turfy soil, garden mould, vermiculite and perlite are pressed
5:3:1:1 is hybridly prepared into seedling medium, using it is preceding first plus water is mixed wet, water content of substrate is 60% or so, is pinched agglomerating, put with hand
It is lower to be advisable in the state scattered；
(4) soil is sowed: at the beginning of the Shandong Province area sweet photo seed sowing time is annual 4 the end of month to 5 months, the seedling growth phase
Height can be obtained when 45d or so cuts strong sprout,
Scratch the kind planting ditch of 1.5 ~ 2.0cm or so depth on smooth seedbed with thin bamboo or thin waddy first, kind planting ditch is unsuitable
Too deep, plantation ditch depth is unfavorable for seed and breaks ground sproutings, and the kind too shallow true seed of planting ditch is easy to expose soil outside, is influencing seed just
Often germination,
Line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 2.5cm between every kind planting ditch；The true seed of germination is planted in kind of planting ditch with tweezers, kind
Seed bud should be avoided damage to when plant as far as possible, last covered ready seedling medium simultaneously strikes off；
(5) it establishes Plastic tunnel: building up the arch frame of high about 100cm with bamboo plate or curve arched roof with the reinforcing bar of 6 ~ 8mm
Frame, arch bar spacing 40cm after whole arch bars have been inserted, then tie up 3 drag links, the branch pipe of one installation spray head of hanging at the top of arched shed,
Branch pipe selects Φ 16pe pipe, installs a spray head every 1.5m, spray head selects specification to be atomized for the cross of Q=50L/H and R=0.8m
Mini sprinkler, arched shed is interior to install Hygrothermograph, and the White plastic film of cladding thickness 0.06mm, two sides are sternly compacted with grave；It utilizes
Easy micro- spraying equipment carries out micro- spray watering at the top of arched shed, when can significantly be avoided using the watering of micro- atomization because of watering
Seed caused by water flow is excessive is rushed out the offset phenomena of soil；Matrix in arched shed can be kept to tie up using micro- spray watering simultaneously
Hold suitable humidity；
(6) cover sunshade net: seed will after planting cover black sunshade net in time, and sunshade net can effectively control the temperature in arched shed
Degree and humidity；Seed removes sunshade net after sowing 2 weeks；
(7) cover fly net: when seedling plant height it is long to 3 ~ 5cm after, remove plastic film, cover the insect prevention of 40 ~ 60 mesh again
Net carries out hardening, covers that fly net is anti-to eliminate aphis and plant hopper, can prevent Virus Diseases of Sweet Potato；
(8) seedbed management: temperature and humidity in arched shed is periodically observed after seedling plantation in 7d and is changed, according to temperature change feelings
Condition is aerated temperature adjustment, and watering is filled in timely micro- spray repair, and soil and matrix in canopy is made to keep being suitable for humidity；According to actual temperature situation
The sunshade net cover time is adjusted, when temperature of shed is more than 35 DEG C, it is existing to avoid the occurrence of burn seedlings in the open air port in arched shed two sides
As；If it find that when unhealthy potato seedling growth such as sick seedling, weak seedling will pull out in time in the seedling growth phase, and weeding is carried out in time, prevent
Only crop smothering occurs；
(9) strong sprout, high cutting seedlings: after true seed sows 45d, seedling grows to 10 ~ 12 leaves or so, and when 30 ~ 35cm of height of seedling can
To carry out cutting seedlings, the strong sprout of the climing top 25cm high of clip potato carries out field-transplanting plantation.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111802197A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-10-23 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating sweet potato seedling seeds based on seedling growing cylinder |
| CN112913613A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Rapid breeding method for sweet potato seedling seeds |
| CN113951075A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-01-21 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Method for breaking shells of sweet potato seeds and raising seedlings |
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| CN113951075B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-12-30 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Method for breaking shells of sweet potato seeds and raising seedlings |
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