CN108718979B - Pea planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pea planting method, which comprises the following steps: sowing peas, keeping the row spacing at 30-40cm, arranging a corresponding vertical or nearly vertical vine hanging net 20-30cm above each row of pea planting rows, and leading vines of pea plants to spread vines on the vine hanging net; and (4) harvesting after the pea plants are mature and fruitful. According to the pea planting method, the basically vertical vine hanging net is arranged beside the pea plants. Due to the arrangement of the vine hanging net, vines of pea plants are laid on the vine hanging net, and the vines are prevented from being crowded together. On one hand, the vines are distributed in a dispersing mode to form a relatively open growing environment, so that ventilation is smooth, lighting is good, plant diseases and insect pests are not prone to occurring, the situation of flower and pod falling is not prone to occurring, and therefore the yield of peas is improved. On the other hand, the picking is facilitated, the labor intensity is reduced, the picking efficiency is improved, the damage to plants caused by picking can be reduced, and the yield reduction of peas is prevented. In addition, the vines are distributed dispersedly and are not easy to fall down.

Description

Pea planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of crop planting, in particular to a pea planting method.

Background

The invention relates to the field of crop planting, in particular to a greenhouse winter pea high-efficiency cultivation method. Peas (Pisum sativum L.) are perennial herb plants planted in spring or autumn, are named due to their stalk climbing property, and belong to long-day cold-season beans such as malted peas, snow beans, cold beans and cold beans. Belonging to the family Leguminosae (Leguminosae), family Papilionaceae (Fabaceae), genus Pisum (Pisum). Peas are suitable for cold and cool climates, various land conditions and drought environments, have the characteristics of high protein content, easy digestion and absorption, dual purposes of grain, vegetable and feed and value increase of deep processing, are important crops of spacing, interplanting, crop rotation and soil cultivation in the structure adjustment of the planting industry, and are also one of main winter crops in south China and main early spring crops in north China. Thus, peas have a significant impact on the sustainable agricultural development in china and on the food structure of people.

At present, planting and cultivating management of peas is extensive, most of pea tendrils are treated by directly inserting a bamboo pole, and then all tendrils climb together in a crowded manner, so that a closed environment is caused, and the problems that the yield of crops is low, the market is delayed and the like are caused because the peas are easy to suffer from plant diseases and insect pests.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pea planting method, which aims to solve the technical problem of low pea yield.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a pea planting method comprises the following steps:

sowing peas, keeping the row spacing at 30-40cm, arranging a corresponding vertical or nearly vertical vine hanging net 20-30cm above each row of pea planting rows, and leading vines of pea plants to spread vines on the vine hanging net;

and (4) harvesting after the pea plants are mature and fruitful.

Furthermore, the strand thickness of the vine hanging net is 0.2-0.3 cm, the height is 1.6-1.8 m, and the mesh size is 4-5cm x 4-5 cm; and when the vines grow to 25-30cm, hanging the vines, and hanging the vines which are newly grown subsequently, so that more than 90% of the vines are on the vine hanging net.

Furthermore, the sowing depth of the peas is 3-4cm, and the planting distance is 15-20 cm; and 2-4 seeds are covered by fine soil in each hole during sowing, sufficient water is poured, and seedlings are thinned or homogenized according to the seedling emergence condition when the seeds grow to 2-3 true leaves after sprouting and unearthing.

Furthermore, peas are planted in the greenhouse, and the greenhouse building step comprises the following steps:

1200-1500kg/667m in soil²Applying decomposed organic fertilizer to the greenhouse standard, building a greenhouse, pumping drainage ditches of 40-50cm around the greenhouse, and pumping 20-30cm ditches in the middle of the greenhouse.

Furthermore, furrows are arranged in the greenhouse, the width of the furrow surface is 90-100 cm, the height of the furrow is 10-15cm, the distance between the furrows is 20-22 cm, two rows of peas are planted in each furrow, and the distance between each row of peas and each furrow edge is 30-40 cm.

Furthermore, before peas are planted in the ridge, 25-30kg of calcium superphosphate, 40-45kg of plant ash and 15-20kg/667m of potassium sulfate are added in the ridge²The standard base fertilizer is applied.

Furthermore, a dropper is laid at a position 10-15cm near a planting area in each ridge, and 2-3 droppers are laid in each ridge.

Further, after the base fertilizer is applied, covering a mulching film on the furrow.

Further, additionally applying N, P, K compound fertilizer 80-100kg/667m when pea begins to bear fruit²。

Further, N, P, K compound fertilizer is applied additionally at a rate of 25-30kg/667m every 2-3 times of picking fresh pea pods²。

The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the pea planting method, the basically vertical vine hanging net is arranged beside the pea plants. Vertical tendril net that hangs compares the slope and sets up can more effective utilization space, can not cause the influence to the daylighting of pea plant bottom yet, therefore the pea plant can suitably be densely planted to the bearing is effectual, is difficult for collapsing. Due to the arrangement of the vine hanging net, vines of pea plants are laid on the vine hanging net, and the vines are prevented from being crowded together. On one hand, the vines are distributed in a dispersing mode to form a relatively open growing environment, so that ventilation is smooth, lighting is good, plant diseases and insect pests are not prone to occurring, the situation of flower and pod falling is not prone to occurring, and therefore the yield of peas is improved. On the other hand, the picking is facilitated, the labor intensity is reduced, the picking efficiency is improved, the damage to plants caused by picking can be reduced, and the yield reduction of peas is prevented. In addition, the vines are distributed dispersedly and are not easy to fall down. The row spacing of the pea plants not only ensures reasonable close planting, but also takes the convenience of the passing operation of the workers into consideration to prevent the pea plants from being influenced. The pea planting method is simple, can effectively reduce the probability of plant diseases and insect pests, improves the yield of peas, and is convenient to produce and manage.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a vine hanging planting diagram of a prior art pea planting method;

FIG. 2 is a pictorial view of a pea plant and vine net position according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the position of the pea vine and vine net according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a diagram of flowering plants of pea vines in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

The invention provides a pea planting method, which comprises the following steps:

sowing peas, keeping the row spacing at 30-40cm, arranging a corresponding vertical or nearly vertical vine hanging net 20-30cm above each row of pea planting rows, and leading vines of pea plants to spread vines on the vine hanging net; and (4) harvesting after the pea plants are mature and fruitful.

The applicant finds that the prior vine hanging mode is mainly used for directly inserting a bamboo pole or branch or directly hanging each vine by using a rope. Taking a bamboo pole as an example, the bamboo pole is a smooth cylindrical surface and has a small surface area, when the vines are fixed by ropes or plastic belts, the vines are easily damaged when the ropes or the plastic belts are tightly bound, and when the ropes are loose, the ropes are easily slid to the lower part along the bamboo pole, so that the vines are hung unsuccessfully. After the vines are hung, the positions for binding and fixing the vines are limited due to the small surface area, so that only part of the vines can be hung, other branches cannot be hung and grow arbitrarily, and the vines are distributed randomly; or forcibly fixing all the vines on the bamboo poles and hanging the vines, and winding all the vines along the bamboo poles to rise and climb together in a crowded manner. No matter what kind of mode can cause the environment of stagnated closure, and ventilation is not smooth, and daylighting is not good, makes the pea easily take place the plant diseases and insect pests and leads to the crop output not high. In addition, the peas have the growth characteristics of gradually maturing from top to bottom, so that pods and flowers exist at the same time, vines grow crowded, the pods and the flowers are scattered around the periphery of the bamboo poles at small intervals, and some vines which cannot hang the vines naturally droop, so that the upper flowers are mixed with the lower pods. Under the two factors, the picking sight is poor, and when the ripe bean pods are picked, the flowers are easy to damage, so that the yield is reduced. As shown in fig. 1, the branch has an irregular shape, which is not easy to determine the row spacing, irregular row spacing and more serious lighting and ventilation when the vines climb on the branch, except for the problem similar to a bamboo pole.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present application, a substantially vertical vine net is provided beside the pea plant, a plurality of vertical columns such as wooden piles may be provided on the soil, and then the vine net is fixed on the wooden piles. The vine net is preferably arranged on the same side of the corresponding row of pea plants. The vine hanging net has large surface area, large area for binding vine, and basically all vines can be hung, and the vine hanging net is easy to bind and not easy to loose after binding. When the vines of the pea plants grow to a certain length, the vines are led to the vine hanging net and fixed on the vine hanging net through ropes or plastic belts and the like to hang the vines. When the vines grow subsequently, the vines can automatically grow and crawl along the vine hanging net and are fixed on the vine hanging net. The new long vines also need to be led on the vine hanging net for fixing. The vines can be spread on the vine hanging net to be uniformly distributed and basically grow along one side of the vine hanging net, so that a relatively open growing environment is formed. Thereby increasing permeability, improving light transmission conditions, having high setting rate and reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. If when planting in the greenhouse, the humidity in the greenhouse is relatively heavy, and the ventilation is smooth, so that the occurrence probability of powdery mildew is reduced. As shown in fig. 3, the vines grow along one side of the vine net, the pods and the flowers are basically arranged on one side of the vine net, the intervals are large, the picking sight is good, the picking is convenient, and the flowers are not easy to damage. In addition, the vines are distributed dispersedly and are not easy to fall down.

Furthermore, the vine hanging net is vertical or close to the vertical vine hanging net, compared with the inclined vine hanging net, the occupied space is smaller, the vertical growth space of pea plants is larger, the horizontal width of the vertical vine hanging net is smaller, and meanwhile, the influence of the inclined net body and the upper part of the plants on the bottom lighting is reduced, so that the pea plants can be planted densely and the row spacing can be reduced appropriately, and the unit yield is increased. Moreover, the vertical vine hanging net is easy to build, has better stability and is not easy to collapse. Comprehensively considering factors such as reasonable close planting and convenient operation, the row spacing of each row of peas is designed to be 30-40 cm. Under the row spacing, the operation of the workers in the row-to-row process is facilitated, such as pesticide spraying and bean pod picking, particularly during picking, the probability of touching flowers can be reduced, and the influence of the vertical tendril-hanging net and the pea growth characteristics on the close planting degree is met.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vine net is vertically disposed with the pods and flowers substantially on one side of the vine net. In the flowering period and the fructification period, the visual effect is good, beautiful landscape is formed, pea planting and tourism can be combined to form special agriculture, the additional value of pea planting is improved, and the enthusiasm of peasants in planting is improved.

The pea planting method is applicable to open-air planting or greenhouse planting. The field management of pea seed selection, sowing, fertilization and the like can be carried out according to the mode in the prior art.

According to the pea planting method, the basically vertical vine hanging net is arranged beside the pea plants. Vertical tendril net that hangs compares the slope and sets up can more effective utilization space, can not cause the influence to the daylighting of pea plant bottom yet, therefore the pea plant can suitably be densely planted to the bearing is effectual, is difficult for collapsing. Due to the arrangement of the vine hanging net, vines of pea plants are laid on the vine hanging net, and the vines are prevented from being crowded together. On one hand, the vines are distributed in a dispersing mode to form a relatively open growing environment, so that ventilation is smooth, lighting is good, plant diseases and insect pests are not prone to occurring, the situation of flower and pod falling is not prone to occurring, and therefore the yield of peas is improved. On the other hand, the picking is facilitated, the labor intensity is reduced, the picking efficiency is improved, the damage to plants caused by picking can be reduced, and the yield reduction of peas is prevented. In addition, the vines are distributed dispersedly and are not easy to fall down. The row spacing of the pea plants not only ensures reasonable close planting, but also takes the convenience of the passing operation of the workers into consideration to prevent the pea plants from being influenced. The pea planting method is simple, can effectively reduce the probability of plant diseases and insect pests, improves the yield of peas, and is convenient to produce and manage.

Optionally, the strand thickness of the vine net is 0.2-0.3 cm, the height is 1.6-1.8 m, and the mesh size is 4-5cm x 4-5 cm. And (3) hanging vines when the vines grow to 25-30cm, and hanging the vines which are newly grown subsequently, so that more than 90% of vines are on the vine hanging net.

The strand thickness of the vine hanging net is 0.4-0.5 cm, the vine binding is facilitated, and the vine hanging net is guaranteed to have enough strength. In addition, the applicant has found that pea vines are thin in diameter and that pea is affected somewhat when the diameter of the cord of the vine net around which they are wound is large. The mesh size is designed to be 4 cm-5 cm, so that the vine climbing of peas is facilitated, and the vine climbing is consistent with the characteristics of pea crops. And the meshes with the size are convenient for binding the vines, the operation is convenient, and the vines can be stretched into the meshes to climb the edges and be fixed after being bound. The vine hanging net is preferably woven by various soft materials, such as nylon or other high polymer materials, the nylon net is solid and durable in knot, cannot be rusted, can be repeatedly used, and reduces the cost; and the self weight is light, the requirement on the bearing strength of the upright post is reduced, and the vine hanging net is not easy to collapse. Of course, in other embodiments, a metal mesh such as a wire mesh or a steel wire mesh may be used.

When the vines grow to 25-30cm and begin to hang up, the vines begin to have certain climbing capacity, the vines are lightly led on the nylon net belt, and the vines are spread as much as possible and are not overlapped together. And then, introducing the new vines to the net belt in time to ensure that more than 90 percent of the vines are on the net.

Optionally, the seeding depth of the peas is 3-4cm, and the planting distance is 15-20 cm; and 2-4 seeds are covered by fine soil in each hole during sowing, sufficient water is poured, and seedlings are thinned or homogenized according to the seedling emergence condition when the seeds grow to 2-3 true leaves after sprouting and unearthing.

The sowing time can be in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, seeds with full seeds and uniform sizes harvested in the current year are selected to improve the seed vigor, and the seeds are sunned for 1-2 days before sowing. The seeds can be soaked in lime water or in carbendazim or mixed for seed disinfection.

Watering 5-7 days before sowing according to soil dryness, perforating with a puncher to a depth of 3-4cm, a row spacing of 30-40cm, a plant spacing of 15-20 cm, 2-4 seeds per hole, covering with fine soil, and watering. After sowing, the soil is kept moist, which is beneficial to the germination and the emergence of seeds, and the roots are pricked and the seedlings are aligned.

Optionally, peas are planted in the greenhouse, and the building step of the greenhouse comprises:

1200-1500kg/667m in soil²Applying decomposed organic fertilizer to the greenhouse standard, building a greenhouse, pumping drainage ditches of 40-50cm around the greenhouse, and pumping 20-30cm ditches in the middle of the greenhouse.

Peas are planted in the greenhouse, so that fine management is facilitated. The pea planting land can be selected from the land which is convenient to transport, convenient to irrigate and drain, fertile in soil, sufficient in sunlight and not planted with leguminous crops for more than 3 years, and the pH of the soil is 6-7.5.

Spreading decomposed organic fertilizer 1200-1500kg/667m before building a shed²Rotary tillage and leveling. The tent is built in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', and the structure of the tent can be 30m in length, 6m in width, 2.0-2.5m in height and 1.1-1.2m in distance. Deep ditches of 40-50cm are drawn at the periphery of the shed to ensure that rainwater can be drained in time, and ditches of 20-30cm are drawn in the middle of the shed.

Optionally, furrows are arranged in the greenhouse, the width of the ridge surface is 90-100 cm, the height of the ridge is 10-15cm, the ridge distance is 20-22 cm, two rows of peas are planted in each furrow, and the distance between every two rows of peas and each ridge edge is 30-40 cm.

The ridge is arranged in the mode, the requirement of the row spacing can be met between two rows of peas in the ridge, and picking or other operations are facilitated. The width that rectangular pieces of land in a field apart from 20~ 30cm is suitable, and the person of working also can walk between two rectangular pieces of land in a field, and to any line pea plant promptly, the person of working can be operated from this line pea plant arbitrary side, convenient operation, and labor efficiency is higher.

Optionally, before planting peas in the ridge, 25-30kg of calcium superphosphate, 40-45kg of plant ash and 15-20kg/667m of potassium sulfate are added in the ridge²The standard base fertilizer is applied.

Digging a ditch with the width of 20-25cm and the depth of 30-35cm in a ridge surface planting area,according to the weight portions of 25-30kg of calcium superphosphate, 40-45kg of plant ash and 15-20kg/667m of potassium sulfate²And (5) standard base fertilizer application. A large number of experiments prove that the proportion and the using amount of the base fertilizer can meet the growth requirement of peas.

Optionally, a dropper is laid at a position 10-15cm near a planting area in each ridge, and 2-3 droppers are laid in each ridge.

And a dropper is laid, and watering and fertilizing can be carried out simultaneously, so that the labor efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced. Peas are dampness-loving and waterlogging-preventive crops, and are afraid of drought and waterlogging during the growth period. In the sowing period, if too much water is used, rotten seeds are caused, and if the water is insufficient, sprouting is not facilitated, so that the emergence rate is influenced; in the growth period, poor drainage not only affects the growth and development of the nodules, but also easily causes aggravation of diseases. Therefore, the management of the moisture needs to realize the irrigation of drought and the drainage of waterlogging. The dropper can be used for irrigating a proper amount of water according to needs, so that the phenomenon of flood irrigation is avoided. Aiming at the problems existing in the fertilization, the drip irrigation can realize the integrated management of the fertilizer and the water by drip irrigation, the scientific fertilization can be realized at regular time and quantity, and the labor cost is greatly saved.

Optionally, after the base fertilizer is applied, covering a mulching film on the furrow.

After the base fertilizer and the dropper are prepared, the furrow is covered by the silver film, and the aims of heat preservation, moisture preservation and weeding can be achieved. The double-color film can also be adopted to solve the problems that the weeds influence the growth of crops and increase labor force, ensure that no weeds exist in the field in the whole growth period, do not need to spend more manpower and material resources for weeding, reduce the use of herbicides and improve the yield.

In order to reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and kill pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs, after the mulching film is paved, the greenhouse is closed for 7-10 days in sunny days, and high-temperature sterilization and disinsection are carried out.

Optionally, additionally applying N, P, K compound fertilizer 80-100kg/667m when pea begins to bear fruit²And when fruit setting is started, N, P, K compound fertilizer is applied in the amount, so that the bean pods are full of particles and high in seed setting rate.

Optionally, N, P, K compound fertilizer 25-30kg/667m is applied additionally every 2-3 times of picking fresh pea pod²Can supplement nutrition for the growth of the pea fresh pods of the following batch,the harvest period is prolonged, and the yield is improved.

Example 1

1. Land selection and shed building

1.1 selecting land, selecting land with convenient transportation, convenient irrigation and drainage, fertile soil, 6-7.5 of soil PH, sufficient sunlight and no leguminous crop planted for more than 3 years.

1.2 spreading the decomposed organic fertilizer 1200 plus 1500kg/667m2 before building the shed, rotary tillage, and leveling. The building shed is in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', the length is 30m, the width is 6m, the height is 2.0-2.5m, and the shed distance is 1.1-1.2 m. Deep ditches of 40-50cm are drawn at the periphery of the shed to ensure that rainwater can be drained in time, and ditches of 20-30cm are drawn in the middle of the shed.

2. Bed making and furrow application base fertilizer

2.1 making ridges, 5 ridges are arranged in each greenhouse, the width of the ridge surface is 90-100 cm, the height of the ridge is 10-15cm, and the ridge distance is 20-22 cm.

2.2 furrow application of base fertilizer to dig a furrow with width of 20-25cm and depth of 30-35cm in the ridge surface planting area, according to the weight of 25-30kg of calcium superphosphate, 40-45kg of plant ash and 15-20kg/667m of potassium sulfate²And (5) standard base fertilizer application.

3. Dropper lay and full film coverage

3.1 the dropper is laid at the position of 10-15cm near the planting area of each ridge, and 2 droppers are laid at each ridge.

3.2 after the base fertilizer and the dropper are completely covered by the full film, the furrow is covered by the silver film, and the purposes of heat preservation, moisture preservation and weeding can be achieved.

4. High temperature greenhouse treatment

In order to reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and kill pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs, after the mulching film is paved, the greenhouse is closed for 7-10 days in sunny days, and high-temperature sterilization and disinsection are carried out.

5. Preparation of vine hanging rack

Each ridge is erected with 3-4 wooden piles with the length of 1.8-2m and the diameter of 4-5cm at intervals of 10-15m, and the wooden piles are connected and fixed by iron wires. And (3) fixing a nylon net with the width of 1.8-2m, the length of 30m, the strand thickness of 0.2-0.3 cm and the mesh size of 4cm x 4cm (5cm x 5cm) between the iron wire and the upright post, wherein the lower end of the nylon net is 30-35cm away from the ridge surface.

6. Seeding

6.1 and treating the seeds in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, and selecting the seeds with full seeds and uniform sizes harvested in the current year. To improve the vitality of the seeds, and sunning the seeds for 1 to 2 days before sowing. The seeds can be soaked in lime water or in carbendazim or mixed for seed disinfection.

6.2 sowing the seeds, and watering by drip irrigation 5-7 days before sowing according to the soil dryness. Punching with a puncher, wherein the depth is 3-4cm, the row spacing is 30-40cm, the plant spacing is 15-20 cm, 2-4 seeds are planted in each hole, covering with fine soil, and watering with enough water. After sowing, the soil is kept moist, which is beneficial to the germination and the emergence of seeds, and the roots are pricked and the seedlings are aligned.

7. Management of field

After 7.1 times of seedling supplementing, after the seeds germinate and come out of the soil and grow to 2-3 true leaves, thinning and homogenizing the seedlings according to the actual condition of seedling emergence, reserving two seedlings, removing weakness and reserving strength, and timely supplementing the seedlings if the seedling does not emerge or the seedlings are few.

7.2 hanging tendrils management when the tendrils grow to 25-30cm, the tendrils are lightly led on the nylon mesh belt, and the tendrils are spread as much as possible and are not overlapped together. And then, introducing the new vines to the net belt in time to ensure that more than 90 percent of the vines are on the net.

7.3 drip irrigation system under the membrane is adopted in the integrated management of the fertilizer and the water and the fertilizer can be simultaneously applied, thus improving the labor efficiency and reducing the labor cost. Peas are dampness-loving and waterlogging-preventive crops, and are afraid of drought and waterlogging during the growth period. In the sowing period, if too much water is used, rotten seeds are caused, and if the water is insufficient, sprouting is not facilitated, so that the emergence rate is influenced; in the growth period, poor drainage not only affects the growth and development of the nodules, but also easily causes aggravation of diseases. Therefore, the management of the moisture needs to realize the irrigation of drought and the drainage of waterlogging. In the growth process, the fertilizer is scientifically applied according to the growth vigor of crops. N, P, K compound fertilizer is topdressed at 80-100kg/667m when the crops begin to bear fruits²Additionally applying N, P, K compound fertilizer 25-30kg/667m every 2-3 times of harvesting fresh pod²Or spraying foliar fertilizer.

7.4 prevention and cure of plant diseases and insect pests because of the full film coverage in the production process, the whole process has no weed and is mainly used for preventing and curing the occurrence and the harm of the plant diseases and insect pests. The main diseases comprise brown spot, powdery mildew and the like; the main insect pests include leaf miner, pisiform elephant, etc.

Can be treated by comprehensive control measures such as physics, chemistry, biology and the like.

8. Harvesting at the right time

And harvesting the peas in batches according to the natural maturity of the peas.

Compared with the traditional planting technology, the pea planting method provided by the invention has the advantages that the seed emergence rate is up to 95%, the relative yield can be improved by 10-12%, the cost is reduced by 10-15%, the whole production period is free from weed and has light pest and disease damage, and the pesticide consumption is reduced by 15-18%. The technology of the invention can ensure that the peas appear on the market 10-20 days earlier, and the peas have good quality, no public hazard, low planting cost and convenient management, and have remarkable social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefit.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A pea planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) selecting land and building shed

Selecting land: selecting land blocks which are convenient to transport, convenient to irrigate and drain, fertile in soil, have the soil pH of 6-7.5 and sufficient sunlight and have no leguminous crops planted for more than 3 years,

building a shed: spreading decomposed organic fertilizer 1200 + 1500kg/667m before building shed²The method comprises the following steps of rotary tillage, leveling, building a shed in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', wherein the length of the shed is 30m, the width of the shed is 6m, the height of the shed is 2.0-2.5m, the distance between every two shed is 1.1-1.2m, deep ditches are drawn at the periphery of the shed by 40-50cm, rainwater can be discharged in time, and a ditch of 20-30cm is drawn in the middle of the shed;

(2) bedding and furrow application base fertilizer

Making ridges: each greenhouse is provided with 5 ridges, the width of the ridge surface is 90-100 cm, the height of each ridge is 10-15cm, the ridge distance is 20-22 cm,

applying base fertilizer in a ditch: digging a ditch with the width of 20-25cm and the depth of 30-35cm in a ridge planting area, and mixing 25-30kg of calcium superphosphate, 40-45kg of plant ash and 15-20kg/667m of potassium sulfate²Standard base fertilizer application;

(3) dropper laying and full film covering

Laying a dropper: laying a dropper at a position of 10-15cm near the planting area of each ridge, laying 2 droppers in each ridge,

and (3) full-film covering: after the base fertilizer and the dropper are prepared, the whole bed is covered by a silver film, so that the purposes of heat preservation, moisture preservation and weeding are achieved;

(4) high temperature soaking treatment

In order to reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and kill pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs, after a mulching film is paved, the greenhouse is closed for 7-10 days in a sunny day, and high-temperature sterilization and disinsection are carried out;

(5) preparation of vine hanging rack

3-4 wooden piles with the length of 1.8-2m and the diameter of 4-5cm are erected on each ridge, the interval is 10-15m, the wooden piles are connected and fixed by pulling iron wires, a nylon net with the width of 1.8-2m, the length of 30m, the strand thickness of 0.2-0.3 cm and the mesh size of 4cm and 4cm is fixed between the iron wires and the upright columns, the lower end of the nylon net is 30-35cm away from the ridge surface, and the nylon net is arranged to be the same side corresponding to the pea planting;

(6) seeding and sowing

Seed and treatment: in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, seeds with full seeds and uniform size harvested in the current year are selected to improve the vitality of the seeds, the seeds are planted in the sun for 1 to 2 days before sowing, the seeds are soaked in lime water and disinfected,

sowing: watering by drip irrigation 5-7 days before sowing according to the soil dryness, punching by using a puncher, covering by fine soil, watering fully, keeping the soil moist after sowing, facilitating germination and soil emergence of seeds, and tying roots and aligning seedlings, wherein the depth is 3-4cm, the row spacing is 30-40cm, the plant spacing is 15-20 cm, and 2-4 seeds are planted in each hole;

(7) and field management

Thinning and filling seedlings: after the seeds germinate and come out of the soil, when the seeds grow to 2-3 true leaves, thinning and homogenizing the seedlings according to the actual condition of seedling emergence, reserving two seedlings, removing weakness and reserving strength, timely and completely supplementing if the seedling emergence is not carried out or few seedlings exist,

hanging tendril and managing: hanging the vines when the vines grow to 25-30cm, lightly guiding the vines to the nylon net belt, spreading the vines without overlapping, timely guiding the newly grown vines to the net belt to ensure that more than 90% of the vines are on the net,

and (3) fertilizer and water integrated management: adopting a drip irrigation system under the film, simultaneously carrying out watering and fertilizing, and dressing N, P, K compound fertilizer 80-100kg/667m when the crops begin to bear fruits²Additionally applying N, P, K compound fertilizer 25-30kg/667m every 2-3 times of harvesting fresh pod²Or spraying a leaf fertilizer,

and (3) pest control: because the whole film is covered in the production process, the whole process is free from weed, the occurrence and the harm of plant diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled by physical, chemical and biological comprehensive prevention and control measures,

(8) timely harvesting

And harvesting the peas in batches according to the natural maturity of the peas.

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