CN105766590B - A kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation compounding matrix and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation compounding matrix and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105766590B CN105766590B CN201610255741.3A CN201610255741A CN105766590B CN 105766590 B CN105766590 B CN 105766590B CN 201610255741 A CN201610255741 A CN 201610255741A CN 105766590 B CN105766590 B CN 105766590B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation compounding matrix and cultural method, the compounding matrix is mixed by turf, river sand, discarded mushroom base-material, and cultural method is as follows: one, ground nursery of trembling with fear: 1) building seedling growth greenhouse, is laid with ground hot line, connection temperature controller；2) Seeds preprocess；3) soil is filling；4) it sows；5) it waters；6) earthing；7) it manages；8) hardening；Two, seedling planting: 1) compounding matrix is loaded into field planting pond；2) it sprinkles profoundly water, overlay film, punches, carry out seedling planting；3) root water is poured；4) to around root cave without ponding, earthing, positive seedling again.In the present invention compound matrix abundant raw material, be easy to get, cost is relatively low；Compounding matrix has preferable soil three phases, and space structure and nutrient supply are suitable for cultivating Moringa oleifera；Method for culturing seedlings can effectively improve Moringa emergence rate and control seedling excessive growth；Field planting method can greatly improve the survival rate of field planting, promote nursery stock fast-growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, be related to a kind of tropical crops Moringa (Moringa sp.) the north high and coldly
Area carries out the matrix compounding and suitable cultivation method of Artificial facilities plantation.
Background technique
Moringa (Moringa sp.) is Moringaceae Moringa perennial evergreen arbor, is distributed in tropical and subtropical region,
One of more ancient medicinal and edible plant resource of the mankind, edible, medicinal, feeding, waste water control and in terms of
There is unique economic value.
Boreal climate is cold, introduces a fine variety Moringa and always exists larger difficulty, especially Moringa cold-resistant and winter production problem.Root
It is cultivated by experimental study using northern greenhouse according to Moringa biological characteristics and ecological characteristics, adjusting temperature appropriate
Moringa winter issue can be well solved, but how to carry out in winter normal nursery, production also need further technology
It supports.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is some key technologies in regarding to the issue above to be furtherd investigate, and sums up and is suitble to the north
The key technology method of extremely frigid zones greenhouse production Moringa, and then a kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation compounding matrix is provided
And cultural method, new resources are introduced for the north, and technical support is provided.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation compounding matrix, with volume percent, by turf 50~60%, river sand
20~25%, discarded mushroom base-material 20~25% mixes.
A kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method, including matrix compounding, cold ground nursery, seedling planting three parts, tool
Body requires as follows:
One, matrix compounds:
Matrix components are compounded with volume percent, by turf 50~60%, river sand 20~25%, discarded mushroom base-material
20~25% mix.
Wherein, discard mushroom base-material select and processing method is as follows: 1) select using corncob as major ingredient, wheat bran, sugar, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium etc. is the mushroom base-material of auxiliary material, such as using corncob as the oyster mushroom of major ingredient and mushroom base-material；2) screening strain is not sent out
Educate or connect the unsuccessful dead meal of bacterium or bacteria stick；3) after the bacteria stick collected, discarded base-material clap broken, sunning, epiphragma stack retting 1 year with
On.
Two, cold ground nursery:
1) it builds seedling growth greenhouse, be laid with ground hot line, connection temperature controller；
2) it Seeds preprocess: after seed impurity elimination, is impregnated 2~4 hours with 40 DEG C of warm water, is then transferred to 800 times of carbendazim
Solution impregnates 4~6 hours；
3) soil is filling: turfy soil being fitted into the nutritive cube of 10*10, plane is from nutritive cube upper edge 2cm on soil；It will
Nutritive cube is successively put along ground hot line direction, and is located at right above ground hot line, is then sowed；
4) it sows: nutritive cube soil upper surface centre will be placed in by pretreated seed, seed length of embedment is soil
Earth had not had just seed upper edge to be advisable；
5) it waters: using continuous sunning 3 days or more underground water, it is completely permeable to be sprayed to soil with the kettle with flower umbrella
Until；
6) it earthing: after nutritive cube surface does not have ponding, is covered with turf, thickness is about in 1~2cm；
7) manage: without watering before emergence, soil temperature control system was emerged in 20 DEG C~23 DEG C, about 5~7 days；It is native after emergence
Earth moisture controls between 12~20%；Soil temperature control stops；Temperature is adjusted: 8~15 DEG C of daytime≤30 DEG C, night；
8) hardening: after seedling long to 25 days, every morning when greenhouse temperature and seedling growth greenhouse temperature difference≤3 DEG C, into
Row ventilation, closes seedling growth greenhouse after greenhouse temperature is begun to decline；After continuously repeating ventilation 3~4 days, seedling growth greenhouse is beaten comprehensively
It opens, nursery stock can be colonized after 2 days.
Three, seedling planting:
1) a length of 4.0~5.0m is built with common brick, the field planting pond of width 1.0m, a height of 0.4m load compounding matrix to from fixed
It plants at the 5cm of pond upper edge；
2) compounding matrix backfill is sprinkled profoundly water, overlay film punches after 5~7 days, carries out seedling planting；
3) field planting depth is 10cm, and earthing presses lightly on, and is sure not firmly excessive, causes cotyledonary node to be broken or fall off, influences
Survival rate；
4) every plant of pouring 800~1000ml root water, root water configuration ingredient contain: 3mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid, bacterium more than 800 times
Spirit and 1000 times of humic acid liquid fertilizers；
5) to, without ponding, carry out earthing, positive seedling with the compounding matrix of surrounding around root cave.
The present invention has the advantage that
1, compound matrix abundant raw material, be easy to get, cost is relatively low；
2, compounding matrix has preferable soil three phases, and space structure and nutrient supply are suitable for cultivating Moringa oleifera；
3, method for culturing seedlings can effectively improve Moringa emergence rate and control seedling excessive growth；
4, field planting method can greatly improve the survival rate of field planting, promote nursery stock fast-growth.
Specific embodiment
Further description of the technical solution of the present invention below, and however, it is not limited to this, all to the technology of the present invention
Scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Protection scope in.
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiments provide for a kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method, specific requirement
It is as follows:
One, the provincial agricultural demonstration zone heliogreenhouse in Heilongjiang Province, high estrade town, Daqing, 95% or more emergence rate, field planting
96% or more survival rate, seedling growth speed are 1.2 times or more of control.
Two, implement:
1) matrix components are compounded: with volume percent, by turf 60%, river sand 20%, discarded mushroom base-material 20%
It mixes in proportion, the mushroom base-material is oyster mushroom base-material or mushroom base-material, and preparing major ingredient is corncob, auxiliary material with wheat
Based on bran.
2) cold ground nursery:
A, it builds seedling growth greenhouse, be laid with ground hot line, connection temperature controller；
B, it by after seed impurity elimination, is impregnated 2~4 hours with 40 DEG C of warm water, is then transferred to 800 times of carbendazim solutions and impregnates 4~6
Hour；
C, turfy soil is fitted into the nutritive cube of 10*10, plane is from nutritive cube upper edge 2cm on soil；By nutritive cube edge
Ground hot line direction is successively put, and is located at right above ground hot line, is then sowed；
D, nutritive cube soil upper surface centre will be placed in by pretreated seed, seed length of embedment is that soil does not have just
Crossing seed upper edge is advisable；
E, using continuous sunning 3 days or more underground water, with the kettle with flower umbrella be sprayed to soil it is completely permeable until；
F, it after nutritive cube surface does not have ponding, is covered with turf, thickness is about in 1-2cm；
G, without watering before emergence, soil temperature control system was emerged in 20~23 DEG C, about 5~7 days；Soil water sub-control after emergence
System is between 12~20%；Soil temperature control stops；Temperature is adjusted: 8~15 DEG C of daytime≤30 DEG C, night；
H, after seedling long to 25 days, every morning when greenhouse temperature and seedling growth greenhouse temperature difference≤3 DEG C, is led to
Wind closes seedling growth greenhouse after greenhouse temperature is begun to decline；After continuously repeating ventilation 3~4 days, seedling growth greenhouse is opened comprehensively, 2 days
Nursery stock can be colonized later.
3) seedling planting:
A, a length of 4.0~5.0m is built with common brick, the field planting pond of width 1.0m, a height of 0.4m load compounding matrix to from fixed
It plants at the 5cm of pond upper edge；
B, backfill matrix is sprinkled profoundly water, overlay film punches after 5~7 days, carries out seedling planting；
C, field planting depth is 10cm, and earthing presses lightly on, and is sure not firmly excessive, causes cotyledonary node to be broken or fall off, influences
Survival rate；
D, every plant of pouring 800~1000ml root water, root water configuration ingredient contain: 3mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid, bacterium more than 800 times
Spirit and 1000 times of humic acid liquid fertilizers；
E, to around root cave without ponding, earthing, positive seedling again.
3, implementation result
Table 1 compounds the analysis of matrix physicochemical property improvement
2 emergence rate application form of table
3 planting survival rates application form of table
4 nursery stock plant height of table with compare growth rate application form
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, the compounding matrix is with volume
Percentage meter is mixed by turf 55%, river sand 23%, discarded mushroom base-material 22%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
One, cold ground nursery:
1) it builds seedling growth greenhouse, be laid with ground hot line, connection temperature controller；
2) it Seeds preprocess: after seed impurity elimination, is impregnated 2~4 hours with 40 DEG C of warm water, is then transferred to 800 times of carbendazim solutions
It impregnates 4~6 hours；
3) soil is filling: turfy soil being fitted into nutritive cube, nutritive cube is successively put along ground hot line direction, and be located at ground hot line
Then surface is sowed；
4) it sows: nutritive cube soil upper surface centre will be placed in by pretreated seed；
5) it waters: using continuous sunning 3 days or more underground water, being sprayed to that soil is completely permeable to be with the kettle with shower
Only；
6) it earthing: after nutritive cube surface does not have ponding, is covered with turf；
7) manage: without watering before emergence, the soil moisture is controlled at 20 DEG C~23 DEG C；After emergence soil moisture control 12~
Between 20%；Soil temperature control stops；Temperature is adjusted: 8~15 DEG C of daytime≤30 DEG C, night；
8) hardening: after seedling long to 25 days, every morning when greenhouse temperature and seedling growth greenhouse temperature difference≤3 DEG C, is led to
Wind closes seedling growth greenhouse after greenhouse temperature is begun to decline；After continuously repeating ventilation 3~4 days, seedling growth greenhouse is opened comprehensively, 2 days
Nursery stock can be colonized later；
Two, seedling planting:
1) compounding matrix is loaded into field planting pond, and the compounding matrix is with volume percent, by turf 50~60%, river sand 20
~25%, discarded mushroom base-material 20~25% mixes, and the discarded mushroom base-material is one of the following: 1) with corncob
For the oyster mushroom or mushroom base-material of major ingredient；2) the unsuccessful dead meal of bacterium or bacteria stick are not developed or connect to screening strain；
2) it sprinkles profoundly water, overlay film, is punched after 5~7 days, carry out seedling planting；
3) every plant of pouring 800~1000ml root water；
4) to around root cave without ponding, earthing, positive seedling again.
2. extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the seed length of embedment
Do not had seed upper edge just for soil.
3. extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of earth covering 1~
2cm。
4. extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the seedling planting depth
For 10cm.
5. extremely frigid zones Moringa facility cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the root water is configured to
Divide and contain: 3mg.L-1Indolebutyric acid, 800 times of carbendazim and 1000 times of humic acid liquid fertilizers.
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| CN105766590B true CN105766590B (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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| CN109197317A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-15 | 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所（河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所） | A kind of nursery of Beijing-tianjin-hebei Region Moringa and field planting method |
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| CN101053309A (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2007-10-17 | 牛军生 | Organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method |
| CN101326883A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-24 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for cultivating Moringa oleifera for fruit in Jinsha river dry heat river valley dry land |
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