CN106069218A - A kind of method improving batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method improving batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069218A CN106069218A CN201610488230.6A CN201610488230A CN106069218A CN 106069218 A CN106069218 A CN 106069218A CN 201610488230 A CN201610488230 A CN 201610488230A CN 106069218 A CN106069218 A CN 106069218A
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- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000012840 Citrullus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 241000408747 Lepomis gibbosus Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 235000020236 pumpkin seed Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001963 growth media Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- QSLPNSWXUQHVLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N $l^{1}-sulfanylmethane Chemical compound [S]C QSLPNSWXUQHVLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 3
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003761 Citrullus lanatus var. citroides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219104 Cucurbitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000180649 Panax notoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method improving batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate.The method is by selecting stock and the scion of high-quality, Citrullus vulgaris scion grafting is entered on calabash or pumpkin rootstock, key technology is that the moisture content after grafting supplements and sterilizing, by the disinfectant solution configured, on the premise of not affecting grafting fringe and stock fusion growth, avoid external infections, substantially increase the survival rate of grafting.The method production facility of the present invention requires low, Grafting watermelon Overall Steps can be completed in 240 square metres of temperature control booths, operating procedure is simple, eliminate grafting binding agent, freeze the step such as Seedling, outdoor seedling exercising, decrease operating process without 1d bud picking in advance, save a large amount of script and need the most manually-operated step that wastes time and energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportion of crop planting method, improve batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth particularly to one
The method of survival rate.
Background technology
Citrullus vulgaris is enriched in the administration's fruit that disappears in summer of several mineral materials and vitamin, is also the main staple crop of agricultural, belongs to
Extensively welcome by the masses during Cucurbitaceae is melon, the crop that planted area is wide.Season rainwater is planted on the high side, especially at facility in early spring
Under cultivation condition, Citrullus vulgaris continuous cropping is easily endangered by soil-borne diseases such as droops, affects liquid manure absorption thus causes yield to drop
Low and quality declines.Grafting watermelon cultivation is to overcome obstacle of being punished for being related to, improve drought resisting low temperature tolerance ability, prevent and treat the diseases such as droop and send out
One of the most effective raw technical method, but because of the more difficult grasp of technology needed for grafting, the affinity of stock different cultivars is poor
Different, the technology shortcoming of engrafting method, the factors such as scale Grafting watermelon control measures are not in place, batch production Citrullus vulgaris in actual production
Graft seedling growth survival rate and planting percent are relatively low.
Patent CN201510834665.7 discloses a kind of greenhouse watermelon grafting breeding method, needs to carry out before grafting operation
Water spray spray medicine, adds certain density antibacterial in Nutrition Soil, need two people to operate and just can complete during grafting；Patent
CN201410647119.8 discloses a kind of method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate, need to use graft union agent, and proportioning is (single
Position: part) Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii juice 6-9, Aloe juice 8-9, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici 2-3, Radix Notoginseng 6-8, Radix Sanguisorbae 2-4, phenylacetic acid 4-6, poly-acetic acid is according to alkene breast
Glue 5-10,6-benzyl aminoadenine 3-5, water 6-8；Patent CN201510197085.1 discloses a kind of Grafting watermelon that improves and survives
The method of rate, need to spray the biocide of certain proportioning in seedling medium, and spray anti-to Citrullus vulgaris Seedling and rootstock seedling before grafting
Cellulose solution.The survival rate of above-mentioned graft technology is the highest, is not suitable for the requirement that extensive chemurgy produces.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method improving batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate, advise greatly
Mould is applied to chemurgy and produces.
A kind of method improving batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate, it is characterised in that in accordance with the following steps
Carry out:
(1) stock prepares:
Graft seedling growth booth selects traffic convenience, well-ventilated, neighbouring without affecting seeling industry, the place in pollution-free source,
Using the dome-shaped muiti-span greenhouse booth of coating steel pipe structure, duplicature covers.
Stock seed preferentially selects calabash, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, the qualified kind that seed purity, cleanliness, germination percentage are high.Use calabash and south
Stock made by melon, should shift to an earlier date sowing in 5-7 days than ingraftment seed.
Bask seeds seed selection: bask seeds 2-3 hour in fine day, and choose seeds to eliminate and have mechanical damage, pest and disease damage to infect and the fullest
Seed.
Sterilization seed soaking: (concentration is the strong chlorine oil of 0.4wt% and 800-1000 times of thiophanate-methyl (wettability with disinfectant
Powder, active constituent content 70%) solution mixing) soak 6h, use clean water 2-3 time after playing water, to wash a removal kind sublist by rubbing with the hands
Face disinfectant solution and suppress its mucus germinateed.Placing in 55 DEG C of warm water, being stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C, with doing after playing water
Only bind up with gauze.
Accelerating germination is sowed: complete seed accelerating germination 10 hours in 35-38 DEG C of calorstat of soaking seed, then to adjust calorstat be 28-
30 DEG C of accelerating germination 6 hours, bud is about 2mm sowing (stock kind of not germinateing continues calorstat accelerating germination).Keep booth and bowl Middle nutrition
Soil room temperature, by seed bud program request 1.5cm down, places a stock kind in each bowl, cover 0.5-1cm and make fine earth by oneself, clearly
Water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: controlling greenhouse temperature on daytime and be 28-30 DEG C, night is 20-25 DEG C, and more than 70% seed is taken off after breaking ground
Remove mulch film.Keep room temperature 25 DEG C on daytime after Qi Miao, evening temperature 18 DEG C, and suitably ventilation.At rootstock seedling seedling age 10-15d,
Grafting can be carried out when 2 cotyledons are open and flat and expose rough leaf.
(2) scion prepares:
Selecting to produce and upper show good variety of watermelon, seed selection of basking seeds, sterilization step of soaking seed is identical with stock preparation.
Accelerating germination is sowed: germination temperature is 32-35 DEG C, and seed dew bud can sow that (remaining watermelon seed continues calorstat and urges
Bud).Sowing preferably uses broadcasts sowing, evenly laid out in the seedlings nursing plate of 60*30*3cm, and seedling panel surface covers 0.5-1cm and moistens fine earth,
Clear water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: Citrullus vulgaris Seedling should keep about 30 degree, is conducive to emerging neatly.It is put into seedling cultivation greenhouse during neat Seedling and sees nature
Light, i.e. can be used for grafting after seedling age 5d, and grafting 1 clear water of spray in first 1 day, to keep the abundant moisture content of rice shoot.
(3) engrafting method:
Prepare before grafting: grafting a few days ago suitably to be ventilated and to keep, and grafting scion the previous day Citrullus vulgaris seedling suitably to be mended
Water (is sprayed water).Get out grafting pin, blade, all use 0.1wt% potassium permanganate disinfection solution, formulate sterilization according to production scale situation
Frequency and more allowing blade replacement frequency, by about this method experience every grafting 1000 young plant, change sterilization grafting pin and blade.
Method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: keep in booth during grafting humidity more than 95%, first by stock rough leaf base portion together with
Growing point is erased together, then grafting pin is surpassed another cotyledon petioles base portion from growing point position becomes 45 degree of oblique cuttings, makes grafting needle point
Expose stock, keep fixing.At Citrullus vulgaris scion distance cotyledon base portion 1.5cm, hypocotyl, wedging is cut off with blade.Then
Extract grafting pin on stock, the Citrullus vulgaris fringe cut is inserted in the jack that on stock, grafting pin is put on and exposes one millimeter, use grafting
Clamp.
When using Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae to do stock, the 2 of Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae cotyledons are all wiped out 2/3 after completing by grafting operation.
(4) grafting post processing:
Configuration protection germicidal solution mixed liquor, content concn is: the hymexazol (breast of 5000 times of diluents (parts by weight)
Oil type, content 10%)；The carbendazim (wettable powder, active constituent content 50%) of concentration 0.08wt%；Concentration 0.1wt%
Bravo (wettable powder, active constituent content 75%).
The Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot grafted is directly placed in the water pond filling protective fungicide solution, and solution deep not can exceed that educates
Seedling alms bowl, places and within about 20 minutes, treats that the earth in pot for growing seedlings suctions germicidal solution, wettability seen from the earth of top layer, then grafting
Grafted Watermelon seedling alms bowl takes out from water pond and puts in watermelon seedling culturing pond.
Bedding plastic sheeting (preventing erosion) in nursery pond, puts up Small plastic shed after putting grafting alms bowl well, covers white
Thin film is incubated, and covers sunshade net again on sunny Small plastic shed canopy film.One week observed wound healing, grafting later
Folder is won, and has seen whether that stock true leaf grows simultaneously, extracts the most immediately if any growth.
Grafting management management routinely is carried out.Grafting survival rate can reach more than 98%.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that the present invention is by a series of standardized operations and skill
Art measure improves, it is achieved that the high-affinity of the different stock variety such as Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, calabash, Fructus Benincasae, significantly enhance seedling disease resistance,
And the problem solving existing graft survival rate.The method production facility of the present invention requires low, at 240 square metres of temperature controls
In booth, (can install air-conditioning) can complete Grafting watermelon Overall Steps, and operating procedure is simple, eliminates grafting binding agent, freezes
The steps such as Seedling, outdoor seedling exercising, it is not necessary to 1d bud picking in advance decreases operating process, saving a large amount of script needs the most manually-operated
Waste time and energy step.Many warmhouse booth large-scale production graftings can reach and produce 200000 batches year, it is achieved that batch production
The economic benefit of large-scale production is substantially improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the techniqueflow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is grafting operation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention
Scope of protecting is not limited by detailed description of the invention.
The techniqueflow chart of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1
Selecting the Citrullus vulgaris Seedling of kylin melon 84-24 kind as scion, be grafted onto the special stock of calabash Seedling, the sowing time is 1
The middle ten days in month.Calabash stock kind shifts to an earlier date sowing in 5 days than kylin melon 84-24.
(1) stock prepares:
Calabash stock kind is basked seeds after seed selection, and with disinfectant, (concentration is strong chlorine oil and the 800-1000 times of methyl sulfur of 0.4wt%
Bacterium spirit (wettable powder, active constituent content 70%) solution mixing) soak 6h, use clean water 2-3 time, to wash by rubbing with the hands after playing water
Remove the surface of the seed disinfectant solution and suppress its mucus germinateed.Placing in 55 DEG C of warm water, being stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C,
Rise after water with totally binding up with gauze.
Accelerating germination is sowed: complete seed accelerating germination 10 hours in 35-38 DEG C of calorstat of soaking seed, then to adjust calorstat be 28-
30 DEG C of accelerating germination 6 hours, bud is about 2mm sowing (stock kind of not germinateing continues calorstat accelerating germination).Keep booth and bowl Middle nutrition
Soil room temperature, by seed bud program request 1.5cm down, places a stock kind in each bowl, cover 0.5-1cm and make fine earth by oneself, clearly
Water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: controlling greenhouse temperature on daytime and be 28-30 DEG C, night is 20-25 DEG C, and more than 70% seed is taken off after breaking ground
Remove mulch film.Keep room temperature 25 DEG C on daytime after Qi Miao, evening temperature 18 DEG C, and suitably ventilation.At rootstock seedling seedling age 10-15d,
Grafting can be carried out when 2 cotyledons are open and flat and expose rough leaf.
(2) scion prepares:
Kylin melon 84-24 bask seeds seed selection, sterilization seed soaking step identical with calabash Seedling preparation.Germination temperature is 32-35 DEG C, plants
Son dew bud can sow (remaining watermelon seed continues calorstat accelerating germination).Sowing preferably uses broadcasts sowing, evenly laid out in 60*30*3cm's
In seedlings nursing plate, seedling panel surface covers 0.5-1cm and moistens fine earth, and clear water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: keep 30 degree to be conducive to emerging neatly.It is put into seedling cultivation greenhouse during neat Seedling and sees nature light, after seedling age 5d
I.e. can be used for grafting, grafting 1 clear water of spray in first 1 day, to keep the abundant moisture content of rice shoot.
(3) grafting (workflow diagram is as shown in Figure 2):
Preparing before grafting: grafting a few days ago suitably to be ventilated and to keep, grafting kylin the previous day melon 84-24 scion seedling is wanted
Suitably moisturizing (water spray).
Method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: keep in booth during grafting humidity more than 95%, first by stock rough leaf base portion together with
Growing point is erased together, then grafting pin is surpassed another cotyledon petioles base portion from growing point position becomes 45 degree of oblique cuttings, makes grafting needle point
Expose stock, keep fixing.At Citrullus vulgaris scion distance cotyledon base portion 1.5cm, hypocotyl, wedging is cut off with blade.Then
Extract grafting pin on stock, the Citrullus vulgaris fringe cut is inserted in the jack that on stock, grafting pin is put on and exposes one millimeter, use grafting
Clamp.
(4) technology after grafting:
Configuration protection germicidal solution mixed liquor, content mass concentration is: hymexazol (cream type, the content of 5000 times of liquid
10%), being scaled mass percent is the 0.02% of the mixed liquor that always sterilizes；(wettable powder has the carbendazim of concentration 0.08%
Effective component content 50%)；The Bravo (wettable powder, active constituent content 75%) of concentration 0.1%.
The Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot grafted is directly placed in the water pond filling protective fungicide solution, and solution deep not can exceed that educates
Seedling alms bowl, places and within about 20 minutes, treats that the earth in pot for growing seedlings suctions germicidal solution, wettability seen from the earth of top layer, then grafting
Grafted Watermelon seedling alms bowl takes out from water pond and puts in watermelon seedling culturing pond.
Bedding plastic sheeting (preventing erosion) in nursery pond, puts up Small plastic shed after putting grafting alms bowl well, covers white
Thin film is incubated, and covers sunshade net again on sunny Small plastic shed canopy film.One week observed wound healing, grafting later
Folder is won, and has seen whether that stock true leaf grows simultaneously, extracts the most immediately if any growth.
(5) grafting management management routinely is carried out.Grafting survival rate can reach 99%, and calabash Seedling makees the kylin of stock
Melon 84-24 0.6 yuan/strain of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings average unit cost, 0.9 yuan/strain of sale price, profit reaches 0.3 yuan/strain.
Embodiment 2
Selecting the Citrullus vulgaris Seedling of red little beautiful kind as scion, be grafted onto the special stock of Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae Seedling, the sowing time is under March
Ten days.Pumpkin rootstock kind shifts to an earlier date sowing in 6 days than red little jade.
(1) stock prepares:
Pumpkin rootstock kind is basked seeds after seed selection, and with disinfectant, (concentration is strong chlorine oil and the 800-1000 times of methyl sulfur of 0.4wt%
Bacterium spirit (wettable powder, active constituent content 70%) solution mixing) soak 6h, use clean water 2-3 time, to wash by rubbing with the hands after playing water
Remove the surface of the seed disinfectant solution and suppress its mucus germinateed.Placing in 55 DEG C of warm water, being stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C,
Rise after water with totally binding up with gauze.
Accelerating germination is sowed: complete seed accelerating germination 10 hours in 35-38 DEG C of calorstat of soaking seed, then to adjust calorstat be 28-
30 DEG C of accelerating germination 6 hours, bud is about 2mm sowing (stock kind of not germinateing continues calorstat accelerating germination).Keep booth and bowl Middle nutrition
Soil room temperature, by seed bud program request 1.5cm down, places a stock kind in each bowl, cover 0.5-1cm and make fine earth by oneself, clearly
Water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: controlling greenhouse temperature on daytime and be 28-30 DEG C, night is 20-25 DEG C, and more than 70% seed is taken off after breaking ground
Remove mulch film.Keep room temperature 25 DEG C on daytime after Qi Miao, evening temperature 18 DEG C, and suitably ventilation.At rootstock seedling seedling age 10-15d,
Grafting can be carried out when 2 cotyledons are open and flat and expose rough leaf.
(2) scion prepares:
Red little jade bask seeds seed selection, sterilization seed soaking step identical with Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae Seedling preparation.Germination temperature is 32-35 DEG C, and seed reveals
Bud can sow (remaining watermelon seed continues calorstat accelerating germination).Sowing preferably uses broadcasts sowing, evenly laid out in the nursery of 60*30*3cm
In dish, seedling panel surface covers 0.5-1cm and moistens fine earth, and clear water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: keep 30 degree to be conducive to emerging neatly.It is put into seedling cultivation greenhouse during neat Seedling and sees nature light, after seedling age 5d
I.e. can be used for grafting, grafting 1 clear water of spray in first 1 day, to keep the abundant moisture content of rice shoot.
(3) grafting:
Preparing before grafting: grafting a few days ago suitably to be ventilated and to keep, grafting red little beautiful scion seedling the previous day is wanted suitably
Moisturizing (is sprayed water).
Method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: keep in booth during grafting humidity more than 95%, first by stock rough leaf base portion together with
Growing point is erased together, then grafting pin is surpassed another cotyledon petioles base portion from growing point position becomes 45 degree of oblique cuttings, makes grafting needle point
Expose stock, keep fixing.At Citrullus vulgaris scion distance cotyledon base portion 1.5cm, hypocotyl, wedging is cut off with blade.Then
Extract grafting pin on stock, the Citrullus vulgaris fringe cut is inserted in the jack that on stock, grafting pin is put on and exposes one millimeter, use grafting
Clamp.
The 2 of pumpkin rootstock cotyledons are all wiped out 2/3 after completing by grafting operation.
(4) technology after grafting:
Configuration protection germicidal solution mixed liquor, content mass concentration is: hymexazol (cream type, the content of 5000 times of liquid
10%), being scaled mass percent is the 0.02% of the mixed liquor that always sterilizes；(wettable powder has the carbendazim of concentration 0.08%
Effective component content 50%)；The Bravo (wettable powder, active constituent content 75%) of concentration 0.1%.
The Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot grafted is directly placed in the water pond filling protective fungicide solution, and solution deep not can exceed that educates
Seedling alms bowl, places and within about 20 minutes, treats that the earth in pot for growing seedlings suctions germicidal solution, wettability seen from the earth of top layer, then grafting
Grafted Watermelon seedling alms bowl takes out from water pond and puts in watermelon seedling culturing pond.
Bedding plastic sheeting (preventing erosion) in nursery pond, puts up Small plastic shed after putting grafting alms bowl well, covers white
Thin film is incubated, and covers sunshade net again on sunny Small plastic shed canopy film.One week observed wound healing, grafting later
Folder is won, and has seen whether that stock true leaf grows simultaneously, extracts the most immediately if any growth.
(5) grafting management management routinely is carried out.Grafting survival rate can reach 98%, and the red little jade of stock made by Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae
0.7 yuan/the strain of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings average unit cost, 1.1 yuan/strain of sale price, profit reaches 0.4 yuan/strain.
Embodiment 3
Selecting the Citrullus vulgaris Seedling of kylin melon 84-24 kind as scion, be grafted onto the special stock of calabash Seedling, the sowing time is 1
The middle ten days in month.Calabash stock kind shifts to an earlier date sowing in 5 days than kylin melon 84-24.
(1) stock prepares:
Calabash stock kind is basked seeds after seed selection, and with disinfectant, (concentration is strong chlorine oil and the 800-1000 times of methyl sulfur of 0.4wt%
Bacterium spirit (wettable powder, active constituent content 70%) solution mixing) soak 6h, use clean water 2-3 time, to wash by rubbing with the hands after playing water
Remove the surface of the seed disinfectant solution and suppress its mucus germinateed.Placing in 55 DEG C of warm water, being stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C,
Rise after water with totally binding up with gauze.
Accelerating germination is sowed: complete seed accelerating germination 10 hours in 35-38 DEG C of calorstat of soaking seed, then to adjust calorstat be 28-
30 DEG C of accelerating germination 6 hours, bud is about 2mm sowing (stock kind of not germinateing continues calorstat accelerating germination).Keep booth and bowl Middle nutrition
Soil room temperature, by seed bud program request 1.5cm down, places a stock kind in each bowl, cover 0.5-1cm and make fine earth by oneself, clearly
Water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: controlling greenhouse temperature on daytime and be 28-30 DEG C, night is 20-25 DEG C, and more than 70% seed is taken off after breaking ground
Remove mulch film.Keep room temperature 25 DEG C on daytime after Qi Miao, evening temperature 18 DEG C, and suitably ventilation.At rootstock seedling seedling age 10-15d,
Grafting can be carried out when 2 cotyledons are open and flat and expose rough leaf.
(2) scion prepares:
Kylin melon 84-24 bask seeds seed selection, sterilization seed soaking step identical with calabash Seedling preparation.Germination temperature is 32-35 DEG C, plants
Son dew bud can sow (remaining watermelon seed continues calorstat accelerating germination).Sowing preferably uses broadcasts sowing, evenly laid out in 60*30*3cm's
In seedlings nursing plate, seedling panel surface covers 0.5-1cm and moistens fine earth, and clear water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: keep 30 degree to be conducive to emerging neatly.It is put into seedling cultivation greenhouse during neat Seedling and sees nature light, after seedling age 5d
I.e. can be used for grafting, grafting 1 clear water of spray in first 1 day, to keep the abundant moisture content of rice shoot.
(3) grafting:
Preparing before grafting: grafting a few days ago suitably to be ventilated and to keep, grafting kylin the previous day melon 84-24 scion seedling is wanted
Suitably moisturizing (water spray).
Method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: keep in booth during grafting humidity more than 95%, first by stock rough leaf base portion together with
Growing point is erased together, then grafting pin is surpassed another cotyledon petioles base portion from growing point position becomes 45 degree of oblique cuttings, makes grafting needle point
Expose stock, keep fixing.At Citrullus vulgaris scion distance cotyledon base portion 1.5cm, hypocotyl, wedging is cut off with blade.Then
Extract grafting pin on stock, the Citrullus vulgaris fringe cut is inserted in the jack that on stock, grafting pin is put on and exposes one millimeter, use grafting
Clamp.
(4) technology after grafting:
Configuration protection germicidal solution, is the Herba monochoriae vaginalis extract of 0.5% for solids level concentration, or solids level concentration is
The Commeline communis extract of 1.5%, or the Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb. extract that solids level concentration is 0.8%.
The extracting method of described Herba monochoriae vaginalis extract is: takes Herba monochoriae vaginalis stem and leaf, dries, clays into power, and adds 3-8 times of 70% second
Alcohol-water solution reflux, extract, 3 times, merging filtrate, it is evaporated and makes.
The extracting method of described Commeline communis extract is: takes Herba monochoriae vaginalis stem and leaf, dries, clays into power, and adds 3-8 times of 70% second
Alcohol-water solution reflux, extract, 3 times, merging filtrate, it is evaporated and makes.
The extracting method of described Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb. extract is: takes Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb. stem and leaf, dries, clays into power, and adds 3-8 times of 70% second
Alcohol-water solution reflux, extract, 3 times, merging filtrate, it is evaporated and makes.
The Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot grafted is directly placed in the water pond filling protective fungicide solution, and solution deep not can exceed that educates
Seedling alms bowl, places and within about 20 minutes, treats that the earth in pot for growing seedlings suctions germicidal solution, wettability seen from the earth of top layer, then grafting
Grafted Watermelon seedling alms bowl takes out from water pond and puts in watermelon seedling culturing pond.
Bedding plastic sheeting (preventing erosion) in nursery pond, puts up Small plastic shed after putting grafting alms bowl well, covers white
Thin film is incubated, and covers sunshade net again on sunny Small plastic shed canopy film.One week observed wound healing, grafting later
Folder is won, and has seen whether that stock true leaf grows simultaneously, extracts the most immediately if any growth.
(5) grafting management management routinely is carried out.Grafting survival rate can reach 99.9%, and calabash Seedling makees the Qi of stock
Unicorn melon 84-24 0.6 yuan/strain of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings average unit cost, 0.9 yuan/strain of sale price, profit reaches 0.3 yuan/strain.
Comparative example
Selecting the Citrullus vulgaris Seedling of kylin melon 84-24 kind as scion, be grafted onto the special stock of calabash Seedling, the sowing time is 1
The middle ten days in month.Calabash stock kind shifts to an earlier date sowing in 5 days than kylin melon 84-24.
(1) stock prepares:
Calabash stock kind is basked seeds after seed selection, with disinfectant (concentration be 0.4% strong chlorine oil and 800-1000 times of methyl sulfur bacterium
Spirit (wettable powder, active constituent content 70%) solution mixing) soak 6h, use clean water 2-3 time, to wash by rubbing with the hands after playing water
Except the surface of the seed disinfectant solution and suppress its mucus germinateed.Placing in 55 DEG C of warm water, being stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C, rise
With totally binding up with gauze after water.
Accelerating germination is sowed: complete seed accelerating germination 10 hours in 35-38 DEG C of calorstat of soaking seed, then to adjust calorstat be 28-
30 DEG C of accelerating germination 6 hours, bud is about 2mm sowing (stock kind of not germinateing continues calorstat accelerating germination).Keep booth and bowl Middle nutrition
Soil room temperature, by seed bud program request 1.5cm down, places a stock kind in each bowl, cover 0.5-1cm and make fine earth by oneself, clearly
Water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: controlling greenhouse temperature on daytime and be 28-30 DEG C, night is 20-25 DEG C, and more than 70% seed is taken off after breaking ground
Remove mulch film.Keep room temperature 25 DEG C on daytime after Qi Miao, evening temperature 18 DEG C, and suitably ventilation.At rootstock seedling seedling age 10-15d,
Grafting can be carried out when 2 cotyledons are open and flat and expose rough leaf.
(2) scion prepares:
Kylin melon 84-24 bask seeds seed selection, sterilization seed soaking step identical with calabash Seedling preparation.Germination temperature is 32-35 DEG C, plants
Son dew bud can sow (remaining watermelon seed continues calorstat accelerating germination).Sowing preferably uses broadcasts sowing, evenly laid out in 60*30*3cm's
In seedlings nursing plate, seedling panel surface covers 0.5-1cm and moistens fine earth, and clear water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting.
Managing after sowing: keep 30 degree to be conducive to emerging neatly.It is put into seedling cultivation greenhouse during neat Seedling and sees nature light, after seedling age 5d
I.e. can be used for grafting, grafting 1 clear water of spray in first 1 day, to keep the abundant moisture content of rice shoot.
(3) grafting:
Preparing before grafting: grafting a few days ago suitably to be ventilated and to keep, grafting kylin the previous day melon 84-24 scion seedling is wanted
Suitably moisturizing (water spray).
Method of plant propagation with cutting grafting: keep in booth during grafting humidity more than 95%, first by stock rough leaf base portion together with
Growing point is erased together, then grafting pin is surpassed another cotyledon petioles base portion from growing point position becomes 45 degree of oblique cuttings, makes grafting needle point
Expose stock, keep fixing.At Citrullus vulgaris scion distance cotyledon base portion 1.5cm, hypocotyl, wedging is cut off with blade.Then
Extract grafting pin on stock, the Citrullus vulgaris fringe cut is inserted in the jack that on stock, grafting pin is put on and exposes one millimeter, use grafting
Clamp.
(4) technology after grafting:
Configuration protection germicidal solution, content mass concentration is: the hymexazol (cream type, content 10%) of 5000 times of liquid,
Being scaled mass percent is the 0.02% of the mixed liquor that always sterilizes；Or the carbendazim of concentration 0.08% (wettable powder, effectively
Component content 50%)；Or the Bravo (wettable powder, active constituent content 75%) of concentration 0.1%.
Or configuration protection germicidal solution mixed liquor, content mass concentration is: 0.02% hymexazol (cream type, content
10%) and the carbendazim (wettable powder, active constituent content 50%) of concentration 0.08%；The carbendazim of concentration 0.08% (can
WP, active constituent content 50%) and the Bravo (wettable powder, active constituent content 75%) of concentration 0.1%；Dense
The Bravo (wettable powder, active constituent content 75%) of degree 0.1% and 0.02% hymexazol (cream type, content 10%).
Or use 0.02% hymexazol (cream type, content 10%), the carbendazim of concentration 0.08% (wettable powder,
Active constituent content 50%) and the triadimefon of concentration 0.1%；
Or use the carbendazim of 0.08%, the Bravo of 0.1% and concentration 0.02%DT antibacterial；
The Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot grafted is directly placed in the water pond filling protective fungicide solution, and solution deep not can exceed that educates
Seedling alms bowl, places and within about 20 minutes, treats that the earth in pot for growing seedlings suctions germicidal solution, wettability seen from the earth of top layer, then grafting
Grafted Watermelon seedling alms bowl takes out from water pond and puts in watermelon seedling culturing pond.
Bedding plastic sheeting (preventing erosion) in nursery pond, puts up Small plastic shed after putting grafting alms bowl well, covers white
Thin film is incubated, and covers sunshade net again on sunny Small plastic shed canopy film.One week observed wound healing, grafting later
Folder is won, and has seen whether that stock true leaf grows simultaneously, extracts the most immediately if any growth.
(5) grafting management management routinely is carried out.Use the disinfection technology scheme graft survival rate of 0.02% hymexazol
It is 65%；The disinfection technology scheme graft survival rate using the carbendazim of 0.08% is 66%；Disappearing of the Bravo of employing 0.1%
Poison technical scheme graft survival rate is 65%；
The disinfection technology scheme graft survival rate using 0.02% hymexazol mixed with the carbendazim of 0.08% is 88%；Adopt
Carbendazim with 0.08% and the mixed disinfection technology scheme graft survival rate of the Bravo of 0.1% are 87%；Use 0.1%
The disinfection technology scheme graft survival rate of Bravo and 0.02% hymexazol is 89%；13 kinds of mixed disinfection technology sides of embodiment
Case graft survival rate is 99%；The mixed effect compared with single dose with Synergistic two-by-two between antibacterial in visible 3,3 kinds
One reinstates and compares the effect of single dose Synergistic and become apparent from.
Use 0.02% hymexazol, the carbendazim of concentration 0.08% and the disinfection technology scheme of the triadimefon of concentration 0.1%
Graft survival rate is 45%；Prove to use the insecticide similar to it can not substitute Bravo, antagonism after replacement, can be produced；
Or use the carbendazim of 0.08%, the Bravo of 0.1% and the disinfection technology side of concentration 0.02%DT antibacterial
Case graft survival rate is 46%；Prove to use the insecticide similar to it can not substitute Bravo, antagonism after replacement, can be produced.
The several specific embodiments being only the present invention disclosed above, but, the present invention is not limited to this, any ability
What the technical staff in territory can think change all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method improving batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate, it is characterised in that enter in accordance with the following steps
OK:
(1) being packed into by Culture media in pot for growing seedlings and nursery seedling dish, by stock seed in pot for growing seedlings, accelerating germination is sowed；
(2) selecting the seed of variety of watermelon to be grafted, accelerating germination sowing in nursery seedling dish, for grafting after seedling age 5 days；
(3) grafting environment keeps humidity more than 95%, is first erased together with growing point by stock rough leaf base portion, then
Grafting pin is surpassed another cotyledon petioles base portion from growing point position and becomes 45 degree of oblique cuttings, make grafting needle point expose stock, keep fixing,
At Citrullus vulgaris scion distance cotyledon base portion 1.5cm, cut off hypocotyl, wedging with blade, then extract grafting pin on stock,
The Citrullus vulgaris fringe cut is inserted in the jack that on stock, grafting pin is put on and exposes one millimeter, clamp with Grafting clip；
(4) the Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot grafted is put in the water pond filling protective fungicide solution, and solution deep is less than pot for growing seedlings, puts
Put 15-25 minute, then the Grafted Watermelon seedling alms bowl grafted is taken out from water pond put in watermelon seedling culturing pond；
Bedding plastic sheeting in nursery pond, observes wound healing later, Grafting clip is won, has seen whether simultaneously in a week
Stock true leaf grows, and extracts the most immediately if any growth.
The method of raising batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described stock seed is calabash and/or Pumpkin Seed.
The method of raising batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described protective fungicide solution is the aqueous solution containing following weight percent composition: 0.02% hymexazol, many bacterium of 0.08%
Spirit and 0.1% Bravo.
The method of raising batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The accelerating germination seeding process of described stock seed is: selects calabash and/or Pumpkin Seed, basks seeds 2-3 hour in fine day, and it is naughty to choose seeds
Eliminate mechanical damage, pest and disease damage infects and the fullest seed, with the strong chlorine oil that concentration is 0.4wt% and 800-1000 times of methyl
Thiophanate soaks 6h, rises after water by clean water 2-3 time, removes the surface of the seed disinfectant solution to wash by rubbing with the hands and suppresses what it germinateed to glue
Liquid, places in 55 DEG C of warm water, is stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C, with totally binding up with gauze after a water, and complete kind of soaking seed
Son accelerating germination 10 hours in 35-38 DEG C of calorstat, then to adjust calorstat be 28-30 DEG C of accelerating germination 6 hours, the long 1.5-2.5mm of bud broadcasts
Kind, by seed bud program request 1.5cm down, each bowl to be placed a stock kind, cover 0.5-1cm and make fine earth by oneself, clear water waters
Thoroughly, covering with ground sheeting, control daytime greenhouse temperature be 28-30 DEG C, night is 20-25 DEG C, more than 70% seed break ground after releasably
Film, keeps room temperature 25 DEG C on daytime after neat Seedling, evening temperature 18 DEG C, at rootstock seedling seedling age 10-15d, 2 cotyledons are open and flat and expose the
Grafting can be carried out during a piece of true leaf.
The method of raising batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described watermelon seed accelerating germination seeding process is: selects watermelon seed, basks seeds 2-3 hour in fine day, and seed selection is eliminated and had machinery damage
Wound, pest and disease damage infect and the fullest seed, soak with 800-1000 times of thiophanate-methyl with the strong chlorine oil that concentration is 0.4wt%
6h, uses clean water 2-3 time after playing water, to wash the mucus removed the surface of the seed disinfectant solution and suppress it to germinate by rubbing with the hands, places into 55
In DEG C warm water, being stirred continuously until being cooled to 30 DEG C, rising after water with totally binding up with gauze, complete seed of soaking seed is in 32-35 DEG C
Accelerating germination 8-12 hour in calorstat, seed reveals bud and can sow, and employing is broadcasted sowing, evenly laid out in the seedlings nursing plate of 60*30*3cm,
Seedling panel surface covers 0.5-1cm and moistens fine earth, and clear water irrigates, covering with ground sheeting, and Citrullus vulgaris Seedling growing environment is maintained at 28-32 degree, together
It is put into seedling cultivation greenhouse during Seedling and sees nature light, after seedling age 5d, i.e. can be used for grafting, grafting 1 clear water of spray in first 1 day.
The method of raising batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Before described grafting, set-up procedure is as follows: grafting is a few days ago ventilated, grafting scion the previous day Citrullus vulgaris seedling moisturizing, gets out grafting
Pin, blade, all use 0.1wt% potassium permanganate disinfection solution, about every grafting 1000 young plant, change sterilization grafting pin and blade.
The method of raising batch production greenhouse watermelon Seedling graft seedling growth survival rate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When described grafting uses Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae to do stock, the 2 of Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae cotyledons are all wiped out 2/3 after completing by grafting operation.
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| CN107173071A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 北京华农农业工程技术有限公司 | A kind of industrialized vegetable graft seedling growth production technology |
| CN107197698A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 陈付记 | A kind of root pruning and grafting method for culturing seedlings that watermelon is cultivated for second crop soil |
| CN108886908A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-27 | 盐城市新洋农业试验站 | A kind of Grafting watermelon stock cucurbit seed accelerating germination method |
| CN108886992A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-27 | 和县中禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth |
| CN109089579A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-28 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of cucumber hypocotyl engrafting method for anvil fringe interaction research |
| CN109121781A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-04 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of Grafting watermelon method |
| CN109258158A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 湖南生物机电职业技术学院 | A method of promoting Grafted Watermelon Seedlings wound healing |
| CN109906856A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-21 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of song-Nen plain saline-alkaline the cultivation of Mongolia's Liu Yuji human assistance method |
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| CN107173071A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 北京华农农业工程技术有限公司 | A kind of industrialized vegetable graft seedling growth production technology |
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| CN109258158A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 湖南生物机电职业技术学院 | A method of promoting Grafted Watermelon Seedlings wound healing |
| CN109906856A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-21 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of song-Nen plain saline-alkaline the cultivation of Mongolia's Liu Yuji human assistance method |
| CN109906856B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2021-04-23 | 东北林业大学 | Artificial assisted cultivation method for salix mongolica in rainy season in saline-alkali land of tender plain |
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