CN109906856B - Artificial assisted cultivation method for salix mongolica in rainy season in saline-alkali land of tender plain - Google Patents
Artificial assisted cultivation method for salix mongolica in rainy season in saline-alkali land of tender plain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for artificially and auxiliarily cultivating salix mongolica in rainy seasons in saline-alkali soil in tender plain, and belongs to the field of planting in saline-alkali soil. The method solves the problems that the prior seedling propagation of the salix mongolica adopts a field cuttage mode, the cost is high, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, and the salix mongolica is difficult to germinate when seeds are mature and naturally fall. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, seed collection; secondly, pre-treatment of seeding; thirdly, sowing; fourthly, watering; and fifthly, carrying out artificial transplanting with soil in rainy season, namely completing the artificial assisted cultivation method of the salix mongolica in rainy season in the saline-alkali soil of the tender plain. The method is used for artificial auxiliary cultivation of the salix mongolica in the rainy season in the saline-alkali soil of the Songnen plain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of saline-alkali soil planting.
Background
The saline-alkali soil of Songnen plain is one of three sodium bicarbonate saline-alkali soil concentrated distribution areas in the world, and the area of the saline-alkali soil is about 327 ten thousand hm2The area of the land is 21 percent of the plain area, and the land is the maximum distribution area of soda saline-alkali soil in China. In recent years, due to the combined action of natural factors and human factors, the salinization degree is continuously deepened, grassland salinization, farmland salinization and swamp wetland salinization are formed, the salinization land area is increased year by year, the land utilization difficulty is continuously increased, and the sustainable development of economy and environment is seriously influenced. As a land resource, saline-alkali soil has become a part of important homeland resources.
Most of the salinized soil is formed by soda accumulation, the pH value reaches more than 8.0, the nutrient content is low, the physical property of water is poor, and the condition of plant growth is not met. The existing saline-alkali soil treatment measures can be divided into two categories, one is a non-biological measure, the other is a biological measure, and the biological measure mainly uses pioneer plants or saline-alkali tolerant plants to improve the saline-alkali soil, such as starwort, festuca arundinacea, common seepweed herb and the like in the common seepweed herb genus, and are mostly herbaceous plants.
The Salix mongolica (Salix lineariifolia Hao) is a plant, a woody shrub or a small arbor, belonging to salicaceae and Salix genus, mainly distributed in riversides, plain wetlands and saline-alkali areas, is pleased with light, cold, drought and water-humidity resistance, has strong saline-alkali resistance, can influence and improve the pH value of soil, is the only woody plant in the natural community distribution of the saline-alkali land of the tender plain, and can be used as an important tree species for recovering the vegetation in the saline-alkali land of the tender plain. At present, the seedling propagation of the salix mongolica mainly adopts a field cuttage mode, and the seedling culture of the salix mongolica needs a large number of 1-2-year-old nutrient branches as cuttings, so that the investment is large, the cost is high, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed. On the other hand, the salix mongolica blooms in the middle ten days of April, the seeds are mature at the end of May, the number of the seeds is rich, the service life of the seeds is about 30 days, and the seeds can be sowed at any time when the water content is sufficient, so that the salix mongolica germinates rapidly. However, as the saline-alkali soil of the tender plain is in a semi-humid and semi-arid region, the annual rainfall is about 450mm, 70-80% of rainfall is distributed in 7-9 months, and the annual water surface evaporation capacity is 1500-2000 mm. The strong evaporation forms the serious rainless drought in spring, the seeds of the salix mongolica in late May are difficult to germinate when being mature and naturally fall to the ground, the short-lived seeds lose vigor when the rain comes, and the survival rate of seedlings formed by naturally updating the salix mongolica seeds growing in the saline-alkali soil is lower than 10%.
Therefore, the existing salix mongolica seedling propagation adopts a field cuttage mode, the cost is high, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, and the problem that the salix mongolica seedlings are difficult to germinate when seeds are mature and naturally fall is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for artificially assisting cultivation of salix mongolica in saline-alkali land in rainy seasons in pine and tender plain, and aims to solve the problems that the traditional seedling propagation of salix mongolica is large in investment by adopting field cuttage, high in cost, high in consumption of manpower and material resources, and difficult to germinate when seeds are mature and naturally fall.
A method for artificially and auxiliarily cultivating salix mongolica in rainy season in saline-alkali land of Songnen plain comprises the following steps:
firstly, seed collection:
at the end of 5 months, when the fruits of the salix mongolica turn yellow from green, the pods crack and white villi are exposed, starting manual collection to obtain collected salix mongolica seeds;
secondly, pre-treatment of seeding:
placing the seeding soil into a cultivation device, wherein the height of the seeding soil is 9-13 cm, digging a seedling pool on a flat ground or a low-lying ground, paving plastic cloth in the seedling pool, placing the cultivation device filled with the seeding soil in the seedling pool in order, and watering the seeding soil to ensure that the water content of the seeding soil is 50-90%;
the width of the pond surface of the seedling pond is 1.2-1.4 m, the bottom surface of the pond is 5-7 cm lower than the ground, and the width of the footpath is 30-40 cm;
the sowing soil is prepared by mixing soil and a biological organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 7 (2.5-3.5); the soil is the soil with the pH value of 5.5-7.0;
thirdly, sowing:
sowing the salix mongolica seeds collected in the step one along with picking, uniformly sowing the salix mongolica seeds on the surface of sowing soil with the water content of 50-90%, and then spraying water on the surface of the sowing soil;
the sowing amount of the salix mongolica seeds is 8-13 seeds uniformly sowed in each cultivation device filled with sowing soil;
fourthly, watering:
manually watering at regular intervals to keep the surface humidity of the sowing soil, so that the water content of the sowing soil is 50% -90%, and obtaining salix mongolica seedlings;
fifthly, carrying out soil-carrying artificial transplantation in rainy season:
in a rainy season of 7-8 months, removing the cultivation device, placing Mongolian willow seedlings and soil lumps into planting holes of the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil for planting, and irrigating with rainwater to finish the artificial assisted cultivation method of the Mongolian willow in the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil in the rainy season;
the diameter of the planting hole is 14 cm-16 cm, and the depth is 17 cm-20 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method mainly utilizes the saline-alkali resistance of the salix mongolica to change the conventional cutting seedling cultivation, and the salix genus plants in the salicaceae family have the advantages that on one hand, the seeds are short in service life, the seed propagation of the salix mongolica is blown by wind to form willow catkins, the seeds lose vigor when the seeds do not meet the suitable germination conditions, the naturally updated seedlings are difficult to form, and moreover, most salix mongolica are trees, and the artificial seed collection is difficult to perform, so that the method is not suitable for seed propagation. On the other hand, the willow and willow twigs have strong rooting capability, high survival rate and quick propagation, so the willow and willow twigs are propagated in a cutting mode in production at present. But the cutting propagation is easy to generate weak seedlings, the seedling quality is affected, the later management cost is high, and moreover, a large number of 1-2 year-old branches need to be cultivated for cutting, which is also a waste of resources.
The salix mongolica is a bush, is convenient for artificial seed collection, has controllability on flying of catkin, and abundant seed sources can be utilized. The salix mongolica is a woody plant with few saline-alkali soil in the tender plain, the saline-alkali grassland is dry due to wind and rain in spring seasons, even if seeds are manually collected under the condition of water shortage, the seeds can not germinate along with collection and sowing, the seedlings can not grow, the seedlings can only be cultivated through manual assistance, the seeds in the current year are utilized, the seeds are collected manually when the seeds are mature, the seeds are sown and the seedlings are grown, and when the rain season comes, the salix mongolica is transplanted to the saline-alkali soil with soil. The salix mongolica seedlings are cultivated in rainy season, the root development is promoted through rainwater irrigation, the weather is gradually cool after 9 months of rainy season, the seedlings begin to freeze and fall snow in 11 months, the water is stored through the snow storage in one winter, the preservation rate can reach more than 93% after the seedlings are cultivated in the rainy season in the next spring, and the moisture required by the normal growth of the salix mongolica seedlings in the saline-alkali soil is guaranteed through the rainy season and the snowing season in winter. The method is suitable for artificial auxiliary cultivation of the salix mongolica in saline-alkali soil of the tender plain in rainy season, and can achieve the technical effect.
The seedling survival rate can be guaranteed, a large number of 1-2-year-old willows serving as cuttings can be saved, precipitation in rainy seasons can be fully utilized to guarantee the survival rate of transplanted seedlings to promote root development, the influence on seed propagation caused by dislocation of the service life of the seeds and the rainy seasons is avoided, the advantage in rainy seasons is fully utilized to improve the survival rate of seedlings, vegetation restoration of woody plants in saline-alkali soil is promoted, a new saline-alkali soil Mongolia willow planting technology which is clear in mechanism, simple, convenient and feasible and capable of reducing cost is provided for vegetation restoration in saline-alkali soil, and large-area popularization and application can be achieved. The woody plants replace herbaceous plants, and the mode that the high investment, high cost and manpower and material resources are wasted in the past cultivation of the willow cutting seedlings is changed.
The method adopts the technology of combining artificial auxiliary sowing and transplanting with soil, improves the planting survival rate and the preservation rate of the salix mongolica, ensures that the cultivated salix mongolica seedlings have full root systems and soil lumps, does not damage roots during planting, ensures that the planting survival rate in the same year is more than 95 percent, and ensures that the survival rate of seedlings formed by naturally updating the salix mongolica seeds growing in the saline-alkali soil is lower than 10 percent. The invention greatly improves the planting survival rate of the salix mongolica in rainy season and the preservation rate of the salix mongolica after one year, the preservation rate of the salix mongolica after one year can reach more than 93 percent, the saline-alkali soil treatment effect can be better realized, and the treatment cost can be reduced.
1. Seed propagation, namely replacing conventional cutting seedling raising by the seed propagation, so that a large amount of seed resources are utilized, the wicker resources serving as cutting slips are saved, and the waste of manpower and material resources caused by cutting seedling raising is reduced;
2. the seedlings are cultivated in containers, soft flowerpots or degradable non-woven fabrics are selected as the containers, the containers are soft, light and suitable for transportation, pollution is avoided when the containers are purchased in the market, and the seedling cultivation and transportation cost is reduced;
3. the cultivation pool can store moisture, ensure the moisture required by the short-lived seeds to germinate rapidly and promote the short-lived seeds to germinate and grow rapidly in a very short life cycle;
4. the transplanting with soil lumps has short seedling revival period after planting, does not damage roots during planting, can normally grow after planting, and is beneficial to bringing benefits into play in advance. The soil lumps are transplanted into the saline-alkali soil, so that direct damage of saline soil to the young roots can be avoided, the saline-alkali soil can be isolated by the soil lumps, a niche suitable for root growth is formed around the root system of the seedling, and the survival rate of transplanted seedlings is promoted;
5. transplanting in rainy season, improving the survival rate of the nursery stock by means of rainwater irrigation, saving the cost of artificial irrigation and being suitable for recovering vegetation in large-area saline-alkali soil.
The invention relates to a method for artificial auxiliary cultivation of salix mongolica in rainy seasons in saline-alkali soil of Songnen plain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing actual conditions of seedlings of willow mongolica in the end of 8 months in the current year after artificial assisted cultivation in rainy season;
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the growth of seedlings after one year of artificial assisted cultivation of salix mongolica in rainy season.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for artificially and auxiliarily cultivating the salix mongolica in the saline-alkali land of the Songnen plain in the rainy season comprises the following steps:
firstly, seed collection:
at the end of 5 months, when the fruits of the salix mongolica turn yellow from green, the pods crack and white villi are exposed, starting manual collection to obtain collected salix mongolica seeds;
secondly, pre-treatment of seeding:
placing the seeding soil into a cultivation device, wherein the height of the seeding soil is 9-13 cm, digging a seedling pool on a flat ground or a low-lying ground, paving plastic cloth in the seedling pool, placing the cultivation device filled with the seeding soil in the seedling pool in order, and watering the seeding soil to ensure that the water content of the seeding soil is 50-90%;
the width of the pond surface of the seedling pond is 1.2-1.4 m, the bottom surface of the pond is 5-7 cm lower than the ground, and the width of the footpath is 30-40 cm;
the sowing soil is prepared by mixing soil and a biological organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 7 (2.5-3.5); the soil is the soil with the pH value of 5.5-7.0;
thirdly, sowing:
sowing the salix mongolica seeds collected in the step one along with picking, uniformly sowing the salix mongolica seeds on the surface of sowing soil with the water content of 50-90%, and then spraying water on the surface of the sowing soil;
the sowing amount of the salix mongolica seeds is 8-13 seeds uniformly sowed in each cultivation device filled with sowing soil;
fourthly, watering:
manually watering at regular intervals to keep the surface humidity of the sowing soil, so that the water content of the sowing soil is 50% -90%, and obtaining salix mongolica seedlings;
fifthly, carrying out soil-carrying artificial transplantation in rainy season:
in a rainy season of 7-8 months, removing the cultivation device, placing Mongolian willow seedlings and soil lumps into planting holes of the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil for planting, and irrigating with rainwater to finish the artificial assisted cultivation method of the Mongolian willow in the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil in the rainy season;
the diameter of the planting hole is 14 cm-16 cm, and the depth is 17 cm-20 cm.
The sowing amount of the salix mongolica seeds in the third step of the embodiment can avoid competition of living space and nutrients caused by over-dense seedlings in each cultivation device, and can ensure that the seedlings are piled to resist severe environment.
The plastic cloth is paved in the seedling raising pond in the concrete embodiment, so that the water loss during irrigation is avoided.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows:
the specific implementation mode mainly utilizes the saline-alkali resistance of the salix mongolica to change the original cutting seedling cultivation, the salix genus plants in salicaceae have the advantages that the seeds are short in service life, the seed propagation of the salix mongolica is wind-blown catkin, the seeds lose vigor when the seeds do not meet the suitable germination conditions, the naturally updated seedlings are difficult to form, moreover, most of the salix mongolica are trees, the artificial seed collection is difficult to perform, and therefore the salix mongolica is not suitable for seed propagation. On the other hand, the willow and willow twigs have strong rooting capability, high survival rate and quick propagation, so the willow and willow twigs are propagated in a cutting mode in production at present. But the cutting propagation is easy to generate weak seedlings, the seedling quality is affected, the later management cost is high, and moreover, a large number of 1-2 year-old branches need to be cultivated for cutting, which is also a waste of resources.
The salix mongolica is a bush, is convenient for artificial seed collection, has controllability on flying of catkin, and abundant seed sources can be utilized. The salix mongolica is a woody plant with few saline-alkali soil in the tender plain, the saline-alkali grassland is dry due to wind and rain in spring seasons, even if seeds are manually collected under the condition of water shortage, the seeds can not germinate along with collection and sowing, the seedlings can not grow, the seedlings can only be cultivated through manual assistance, the seeds in the current year are utilized, the seeds are collected manually when the seeds are mature, the seeds are sown and the seedlings are grown, and when the rain season comes, the salix mongolica is transplanted to the saline-alkali soil with soil. The salix mongolica seedlings are cultivated in rainy season, the root development is promoted through rainwater irrigation, the weather is gradually cool after 9 months of rainy season, the seedlings begin to freeze and fall snow in 11 months, the water is stored through the snow storage in one winter, the preservation rate can reach more than 93% after the seedlings are cultivated in the rainy season in the next spring, and the moisture required by the normal growth of the salix mongolica seedlings in the saline-alkali soil is guaranteed through the rainy season and the snowing season in winter. The method is suitable for artificial auxiliary cultivation of the salix mongolica in saline-alkali soil of the tender plain in the rainy season, and can achieve the technical effect of the specific implementation mode.
The seedling survival rate can be guaranteed, a large number of 1-2-year-old willows serving as cuttings can be saved, precipitation in rainy seasons can be fully utilized to guarantee the survival rate of transplanted seedlings to promote root development, the influence on seed propagation caused by dislocation of the service life of the seeds and the rainy seasons is avoided, the advantage in rainy seasons is fully utilized to improve the survival rate of seedlings, vegetation restoration of woody plants in saline-alkali soil is promoted, a new saline-alkali soil Mongolia willow planting technology which is clear in mechanism, simple, convenient and feasible and capable of reducing cost is provided for vegetation restoration in saline-alkali soil, and large-area popularization and application can be achieved. The woody plants replace herbaceous plants, and the mode that the high investment, high cost and manpower and material resources are wasted in the past cultivation of the willow cutting seedlings is changed.
The planting method of the salix mongolica has the advantages that the technology of combining artificial auxiliary seeding and transplanting with soil is adopted, the planting survival rate and the preservation rate of the salix mongolica are improved, the cultivated salix mongolica seedlings are full roots and have soil lumps, roots are not damaged during planting, the planting survival rate in the same year exceeds 95%, and the survival rate of seedlings formed by natural updating of salix mongolica seeds growing in saline-alkali soil is lower than 10%. The embodiment greatly improves the planting survival rate of the salix mongolica in rainy seasons and the preservation rate of the salix mongolica after one year, the preservation rate of the salix mongolica after one year can reach more than 93 percent, the saline-alkali soil treatment effect can be better realized, and meanwhile, the treatment cost can be reduced.
1. Seed propagation, namely replacing conventional cutting seedling raising by the seed propagation, so that a large amount of seed resources are utilized, the wicker resources serving as cutting slips are saved, and the waste of manpower and material resources caused by cutting seedling raising is reduced;
2. the seedlings are cultivated in containers, soft flowerpots or degradable non-woven fabrics are selected as the containers, the containers are soft, light and suitable for transportation, pollution is avoided when the containers are purchased in the market, and the seedling cultivation and transportation cost is reduced;
3. the cultivation pool can store moisture, ensure the moisture required by the short-lived seeds to germinate rapidly and promote the short-lived seeds to germinate and grow rapidly in a very short life cycle;
4. the transplanting with soil lumps has short seedling revival period after planting, does not damage roots during planting, can normally grow after planting, and is beneficial to bringing benefits into play in advance. The soil lumps are transplanted into the saline-alkali soil, so that direct damage of saline soil to the young roots can be avoided, the saline-alkali soil can be isolated by the soil lumps, a niche suitable for root growth is formed around the root system of the seedling, and the survival rate of transplanted seedlings is promoted;
5. transplanting in rainy season, improving the survival rate of the nursery stock by means of rainwater irrigation, saving the cost of artificial irrigation and being suitable for recovering vegetation in large-area saline-alkali soil.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the cultivating device in the second step is a soft double-color flowerpot, a nutrition pot or a seedling bag. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is different from the first or second embodiment in that: the diameter of the soft double-color flowerpot is 12 cm-16 cm, and the height of the soft double-color flowerpot is 14 cm. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the nutrition pot is 14cm long and 14cm wide. The others are the same as the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the seedling raising bag is 13cm long and 13cm wide. The rest is the same as the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: and the biological organic fertilizer in the second step is decomposed horse manure, decomposed cattle manure or decomposed sheep manure. The rest is the same as in the first or fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: and in the second step, the height of the sowing soil is 10 cm. The others are the same as the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: and the sowing soil in the step two is prepared by soil and a biological organic fertilizer according to the volume ratio of 7: 3. The rest is the same as the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: and in the second step, the height of the sowing soil is 10-13 cm. The other points are the same as those in the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: and the sowing soil in the step two is prepared by mixing soil and a biological organic fertilizer according to a volume ratio of 7 (2.5-3). The other points are the same as those in the first to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a method for artificially and auxiliarily cultivating salix mongolica in rainy season in saline-alkali land of Songnen plain comprises the following steps:
firstly, seed collection:
when the fruits of the salix mongolica turn yellow from green, pods crack and white villi are exposed in 2017, 25-30 days in 5 months, starting manual collection to obtain collected salix mongolica seeds;
secondly, pre-treatment of seeding:
placing the seeding soil into a cultivation device, wherein the height of the seeding soil is 10cm, digging a seedling raising pool on a flat ground or a low-lying ground, laying plastic cloth in the seedling raising pool, placing the cultivation device filled with the seeding soil in the seedling raising pool in order, and watering the seeding soil to ensure that the water content of the seeding soil is 50% -90%;
the width of the pond surface of the seedling pond is 1.2-1.4 m, the bottom surface of the pond is 5-7 cm lower than the ground, and the width of the footpath is 30-40 cm;
the sowing soil is prepared by soil and a biological organic fertilizer according to the volume ratio of 7: 3; the soil is the soil with the pH value of 5.5-7;
thirdly, sowing:
sowing the salix mongolica seeds collected in the step one along with picking in 2017 for 30-31 days in 5 months, uniformly sowing the seeds on the surface of sowing soil with the water content of 50-90%, and then spraying water on the surface of the sowing soil;
the sowing amount of the salix mongolica seeds is 8-13 seeds uniformly sowed in each cultivation device filled with sowing soil;
fourthly, watering:
manually watering at regular intervals to keep the surface humidity of the sowing soil, so that the water content of the sowing soil is 50% -90%, and obtaining salix mongolica seedlings;
fifthly, carrying out soil-carrying artificial transplantation in rainy season:
removing the cultivation device on saline-alkali grass land of an Anda experiment base of university of northeast forestry, when the rainy season comes within 2 days of 7 months to 10 days of 7 months in 2017 and 10 months in 2017, putting Mongolian willow seedlings and soil lumps together into planting holes of the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil for planting, and irrigating with rainwater to finish the artificial assisted cultivation method of the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil in the rainy season;
the diameter of the planting hole is 14 cm-16 cm, and the depth is 17 cm-20 cm.
The cultivating device in the second step is a soft double-color flowerpot.
The diameter of the soft double-color flowerpot is 12 cm-16 cm, and the height of the soft double-color flowerpot is 14 cm.
And the biological organic fertilizer in the second step is decomposed cattle manure.
In 2017, 8 and 30 months, the planting survival rate of the seedlings of the current-year salix mongolica planted when the rainy season comes in the early 7 months is calculated, 3800 plants of the seedlings of the current-year salix mongolica are planted on saline-alkali soil with few vegetation distribution, seedlings are investigated at the end of 8 months to co-survive 3610 plants, and the planting survival rate is 95%. FIG. 1 is a photograph showing actual conditions of seedlings of willow mongolica in the end of 8 months in the current year after artificial assisted cultivation in rainy season; as can be seen from the figure, the survival rate of the seedlings planted in the rainy season is higher.
In 2018, 6, 2 days, the preservation rate of the Mongolian willow seedlings cultivated in 2017 in rainy season after one year is calculated, 3534 plants survive together through plant cultivation survey, and the preservation rate after one year can reach 93%. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the growth of seedlings after one year of artificial assisted cultivation of salix mongolica in rainy season according to an embodiment; as can be seen, the growth of the seedlings was good.
Claims (1)
1. A method for artificially assisting cultivation of Mongolian willows in rainy seasons in saline-alkali soil in tender plain is characterized in that the method for artificially assisting cultivation of the Mongolian willows in rainy seasons in saline-alkali soil in tender plain is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, seed collection:
at the end of 5 months, when the fruits of the salix mongolica turn yellow from green, the pods crack and white villi are exposed, starting manual collection to obtain collected salix mongolica seeds;
secondly, pre-treatment of seeding:
placing the seeding soil into a cultivation device, wherein the height of the seeding soil is 10cm, digging a seedling raising pool on a flat ground or a low-lying ground, laying plastic cloth in the seedling raising pool, placing the cultivation device filled with the seeding soil in the seedling raising pool in order, and watering the seeding soil to ensure that the water content of the seeding soil is 50% -90%;
the width of the pond surface of the seedling pond is 1.2-1.4 m, the bottom surface of the pond is 5-7 cm lower than the ground, and the width of the footpath is 30-40 cm;
the sowing soil is prepared by soil and a biological organic fertilizer according to the volume ratio of 7: 3; the soil is the soil with the pH value of 5.5-7.0;
thirdly, sowing:
sowing the salix mongolica seeds collected in the step one along with picking, uniformly sowing the salix mongolica seeds on the surface of sowing soil with the water content of 50-90%, and then spraying water on the surface of the sowing soil;
the sowing amount of the salix mongolica seeds is 8-13 seeds uniformly sowed in each cultivation device filled with sowing soil;
fourthly, watering:
manually watering at regular intervals to keep the surface humidity of the sowing soil, so that the water content of the sowing soil is 50% -90%, and obtaining salix mongolica seedlings;
fifthly, carrying out soil-carrying artificial transplantation in rainy season:
in a rainy season of 7-8 months, removing the cultivation device, placing Mongolian willow seedlings and soil lumps into planting holes of the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil for planting, and irrigating with rainwater to finish the artificial assisted cultivation method of the Mongolian willow in the Songnen plain saline-alkali soil in the rainy season;
the diameter of the planting hole is 14 cm-16 cm, and the depth is 17 cm-20 cm;
the cultivating device in the second step is a soft double-color flowerpot;
the diameter of the soft double-color flowerpot is 12 cm-16 cm, and the height of the soft double-color flowerpot is 14 cm;
and the biological organic fertilizer in the second step is decomposed cattle manure.
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