CN102017888B - Virus-free potato minituber production technology - Google Patents
Virus-free potato minituber production technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102017888B CN102017888B CN2009100949580A CN200910094958A CN102017888B CN 102017888 B CN102017888 B CN 102017888B CN 2009100949580 A CN2009100949580 A CN 2009100949580A CN 200910094958 A CN200910094958 A CN 200910094958A CN 102017888 B CN102017888 B CN 102017888B
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Abstract
The invention provides a virus-free basic potato seed production technology comprising the following three steps of seedbed treatment, cutting and management. The technology is characterized in that washed river sand is employed as the seedbed base, the management is carried out according to a certain method, and the formula of used nutrient solution is that 0.24 grams of N, 0.2 grams of P2O5 and 0.48 grams of K2O are added in each liter of water and 0.6 grams of N, 0.6 grams of P2O5 and 0.6 grams of K2O are added in each liter of water. By adopting this technology, the yield of virus-free basic potato seeds per unit area is high, and the virus-free basic potato seeds are large in size, with 68% greater than 3 grams. As a technology for planting seeds for production, the technology of the invention is low in requirement and high in survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to production technology of crops, especially virus-free basic potato seed production technology.
Background technology
It is mainly to utilize stem tuber to carry out vegetative propagation that potato produces, but very easily infect virus due to plantation algebraically after more, transfer the kind of exchanging of planting and planting between the family in addition, caused the potato seed degeneration, mixed, cause that the potato yield produced is low, poor quality, so just have a strong impact on, restricted that potato produces and development.Turn out the potato tissue culture seedling by tissue; carry out again the technology that stem apex is peeled off; the potato virus disease of having forgone; then tissue cultural seedlings of free is carried out vast propagation; transplant in the matrix that disinfects; and carry out insulation blocking and cultivate; the potato seed of producing like this is exactly the detoxification breeder's stock; be original seed after the breeder's stock plantation; be followed successively by one-level kind, secondary kind and three grades of kinds (produce and plant); so just guaranteed the quality of potato seed in the production process, for a solid foundation has been laid in the volume increase of potato and the assurance of quality.Production detoxification breeder's stock needs higher technology just can complete with relative installations and facilities preferably, and matrix is also various, and mountain sand, humus soil, perlite etc. are arranged, culture technique is also uneven, usually cause survival rate low, unit are potato seed quantity is not high, the problem that the potato seed quality can not guarantee fully.China Patent No. " 00112983.X ", the patent of invention of title " production method of husky numerous potato detoxicating micro potato ", the production method of the numerous potato detoxicating micro potato of a kind of sand is disclosed, the steps such as sterilization, the Miao Yuan by special selection matrix, matrix cultivates, shelters from heat or light, cuttage, rich water quality management reach the purpose of efficient high yield, but this production method operation is more complicated, in the nutrient solution prescription that uses, micronutrient levels is more, increased production cost, though unit are knot potato is many, but single potato kind stature is little, and after plantation, survival rate is lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of virus-free basic potato seed production technology in order to solve the problem of existing detoxification breeder's stock production existence, and simple to operate, cost is lower, and after plantation, the energy survival rate is high.
Tool of the present invention discloses a kind of virus-free basic potato seed production technology, comprises seedbed processing, cuttage and the large step of management three, it is characterized in that specific as follows:
Prepare in step 1, seedbed, medium of seedling bed adopts the washing river sand, in advance 2 weeks matrix was caught up with flat, irrigate matrix with formaldehyde or other disinfectant, and a stifling week of envelope canopy, open canopy after the week and ventilate, turn over every other day a matrix airing, turn over 3-4 time altogether, to be sterilized dose fully after volatilization, again matrix is caught up with flat standby;
Step 2, cuttage, adopt potato detoxicating group training seedling, after the tissue cultural seedlings of free bottle outlet, medium is cleaned, before cuttage, the medium of seedling bed water is irrigated, the cuttage of punching again, the seedlings plugging degree of depth be seedling long 1/3, need matrix by real after in the seedling patchhole, seeding row spacing arrives 20cm, 50-200 strain/m according to required seed tuber size by 5 to 10 * 10
2Plantation; After cuttage is complete, then water once permeable;
Step 3, management:
1) booth management, booth should keep neatly at any time, totally;
2) moisture will water foot with matrix before the tissue cultural seedlings of free cuttage, will water the water of revealing the exact details after cuttage, need water 3-4 time water every day, and plant grows and can reduce irrigation times after new root to every day 1-2 time, successively decreases gradually later on, will note controlling water after buddingging;
3) illumination will be sheltered from heat or light with the 60-70% shade net after the tissue cultural seedlings of free cuttage is good, can take off shade net after plant survives;
4) temperature, temperature of shed are controlled at 19-28 ℃;
5) fertilising, after cuttage, plant is applied fertilizer after growing new root first, and the nutrient solution prescription that topdresses first is: every premium on currency N:0.24 gram+P
2O
5: 0.2 gram+K
2The O:0.48 gram is used weekly later on nutrient solution, and the formula of nutrient solution is: every premium on currency N:0.6 gram+P
2O
5: 0.6 gram+K
2The O:0.6 gram applies fertilizer, and executes fertilizer whole breeding time 6-7 time, washes seedling with clear water immediately after each fertilising;
6) training matrix, can train matrix when plant strain growth goes out stolon, and available substrate culture own also availablely spreads training through the ready matrix of sterilizing in advance;
7) disease control, when primary infection focus occurring, in time control, weekly, continuous 3 times.
8) results, plant reaches 60% Huang that falls can cut stake, cuts results after 1 week of stake, carries out the classification warehouse-in after results, puts front warehouse in storage and answers disinfection.
The washing river sand that adopts in step 1 is distinctive washing river, Dongchuan District Xiao Jiang basin, Kunming, Yunnan Province sand, and main component wherein is granite.
Seedbed width 1.1-1.2m in step 1, stromal thickness 20-30cm.
In step 2, the potato detoxicating group training height of seedling degree 6-7cm that cuttage is used.
In the present invention, medium of seedling bed adopts washes river sand, the especially distinctive washing in Dongchuan District Xiao Jiang basin, Kunming, Yunnan Province river sand, and Main Ingredients and Appearance wherein is granite, and water-permeable and air permeable is good, and sterilization easily, thoroughly; The sand look darker, heats effective; Granite not easy-weathering attenuates, and service life is long, can use 5-6, use quartz sand as the mountain sand of main component 1-2 will change once, thereby the matrix of using in the present invention can reduce costs; The nutrient solution prescription that fertilising is in the present invention used is all less expensive composition, take nitrogen, phosphorus, these three kinds of macroelement of potassium as main, cost is lower, by method of the present invention, the output of unit are virus-free basic potato seed is high, stature is large, and what 3g was above accounts for 68%, and planting technology is less demanding and survival rate is high with planting as producing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1,
Adopt distinctive washing river, Dongchuan District Xiao Jiang basin, Kunming, Yunnan Province sand, main component wherein is granite, 2 weeks matrix was caught up with in advance flat, seedbed width 1.2m, stromal thickness 25cm, irrigate matrix with formaldehyde or other disinfectant, and a stifling week of envelope canopy, open canopy after the week and ventilate, turn over every other day a matrix airing, turn over 3-4 time altogether, to be sterilized dose fully after volatilization, again matrix is caught up with flat standby; Booth is selected the high-quality fly net in 0.4mm aperture, tie firm, without breach, broken hole, import and export establish excessively between Double-protection, establish sterilization pool at passage room simultaneously.
Select height 6-7cm potato detoxicating group training seedling, after the tissue cultural seedlings of free bottle outlet, medium should be cleaned, and before cuttage, the medium of seedling bed water is irrigated, the cuttage of punching again, the seedlings plugging degree of depth be seedling long 1/3, need matrix by real after in the seedling patchhole, seeding row spacing 6 * 15cm, 112 strains/m
2Plantation.
Note in management
1) keep the clean and tidy clean of booth
2) moisture will water foot with matrix before the tissue cultural seedlings of free cuttage, will water the water of revealing the exact details after cuttage, and need water water every day 3-4 time, and the water yield depends on the circumstances, and plant grows, and can to reduce irrigation times after new root be every day 1-2 time, successively decreases gradually later on, will note controlling water after buddingging;
3) illumination will be sheltered from heat or light with the 60-70% shade net after the tissue cultural seedlings of free cuttage is good, can take off shade net after plant survives;
4) temperature keeps aeration-cooling in canopy summer, and note warming winter, when temperature is low, and available little shed or manually heat, temperature remains on 19-28 ℃;
5) fertilising, after cuttage, plant is applied fertilizer after growing new root first, and the nutrient solution prescription that topdresses first is: every premium on currency N:0.24 gram+P
2O
5: 0.2 gram+K
2The O:0.48 gram is used weekly later on nutrient solution, and nutrient solution prescription is: every premium on currency N:0.6 gram+P
2O
5: 0.6 gram+K
2The O:0.6 gram applies fertilizer, and generally need execute fertile getting final product whole breeding time 6-7 time, washes seedling with clear water immediately after each fertilising;
6) training matrix, can train matrix when plant strain growth goes out stolon, and available substrate culture own also availablely spreads training through the ready matrix of sterilizing in advance;
7) disease control, when primary infection focus occurring, in time control, weekly, continuous 3 times;
8) results, plant reaches 60% Huang that falls can cut stake, cuts results after 1 week of stake, carries out the classification warehouse-in after results, puts front warehouse in storage and answers disinfection.
Produce 232 of 1 square metre of knot potatos of virus-free basic potato seed by said method, the high-quality breeder's stock of single weight more than 3g accounts for 68%, simple to operation in this way, cost is low, and the breeder's stock potato piece epidermis suberification degree of producing is high, be difficult for because of epidermis damaged susceptible, individual plant knot potato number is many, and is individual large, easily used by the common producer, after the breeder's stock plantation, survival rate is high, easily manages and protects.
Claims (4)
1. the production method of a virus-free basic potato seed, comprise seedbed processing, cuttage and the large step of management three, it is characterized in that specific as follows:
Step 1, seedbed are prepared, and medium of seedling bed adopts the washing river sand, 2 weeks matrix are caught up with flatly in advance, irrigate matrix with formaldehyde, and a stifling week of envelope canopy, open canopy after the week and ventilate, turn over every other day a matrix airing, turn over 3-4 time altogether, after formaldehyde volatilizees fully, again matrix is caught up with flat standby;
Step 2, cuttage, adopt potato detoxicating group training seedling, after the tissue cultural seedlings of free bottle outlet, medium is cleaned, before cuttage, the medium of seedling bed water is irrigated, the cuttage of punching again, the seedlings plugging degree of depth be seedling long 1/3, need matrix by real after in the seedling patchhole, by 5 to 10 * 10 to 20 ㎝, plant by 50-200 strain/㎡ kind according to required seed tuber size for seeding row spacing; After cuttage is complete, then water once permeable;
Step 3, management:
1) booth management, booth should keep neatly at any time, totally;
2) moisture will water foot with matrix before the tissue cultural seedlings of free cuttage, will water the water of revealing the exact details after cuttage, need water 3-4 time water every day, and plant grows and can reduce irrigation times after new root to every day 1-2 time, successively decreases gradually later on, will note controlling water after buddingging;
3) illumination will be sheltered from heat or light with the 60-70% shade net after the tissue cultural seedlings of free cuttage is good, can take off shade net after plant survives;
4) temperature, temperature of shed are controlled at 19-28 ℃;
5) fertilising, after cuttage, plant is applied fertilizer after growing new root first, and the nutrient solution prescription that topdresses first is: every premium on currency N:0.24 gram+P
2O
5: 0.2 gram+K
2The O:0.48 gram is used weekly later on nutrient solution, and the formula of nutrient solution is: every premium on currency N:0.6 gram+P
2O
5: 0.6 gram+K
2The O:0.6 gram applies fertilizer, and executes fertilizer whole breeding time 6-7 time, washes seedling with clear water immediately after each fertilising;
6) training matrix, can train matrix when plant strain growth goes out stolon, and available substrate culture own also availablely spreads training through the ready matrix of sterilizing in advance;
7) disease control, when primary infection focus occurring, in time control, weekly, continuous 3 times;
8) results, plant reaches 60% Huang that falls can cut stake, cuts results after 1 week of stake, carries out the classification warehouse-in after results, puts front warehouse in storage and answers disinfection.
2. the production method of virus-free basic potato seed as claimed in claim 1, the washing river sand that it is characterized in that adopting in described step 1 is distinctive washing river, Dongchuan District Xiao Jiang basin, Kunming, Yunnan Province sand, main component wherein is granite.
3. the production method of virus-free basic potato seed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that seedbed width 1.1-1.2m in described step 1, stromal thickness 20-30cm.
4. the production method of virus-free basic potato seed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in described step 2, the potato detoxicating group training height of seedling degree 6-7cm that cuttage is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100949580A CN102017888B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Virus-free potato minituber production technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100949580A CN102017888B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Virus-free potato minituber production technology |
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| CN102017888A CN102017888A (en) | 2011-04-20 |
| CN102017888B true CN102017888B (en) | 2013-05-15 |
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| CN2009100949580A Expired - Fee Related CN102017888B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Virus-free potato minituber production technology |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102349533A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-15 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Seedbed disinfectant for controlling soil-borne disease of seed potato, preparation method and usage method thereof |
| CN102487684A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for culturing potatoes in mountainous district |
| CN102630447B (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-07-24 | 常熟市滨江农业科技有限公司 | Rapid propagation method of Taiwan mustard green |
| CN105210600A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2016-01-06 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Virus-free basic potato seed hot-house culture method |
| CN106212225A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-14 | 内蒙古嘉恒农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of potato seed soilless culture method |
| CN107616068A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-23 | 贵州农无忧农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency, low cost potato virus-free plantlet and seed production technology |
| CN109906900B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-10-19 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Potato protospecies breeding method |
-
2009
- 2009-09-11 CN CN2009100949580A patent/CN102017888B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王正周."会—2号"脱毒马铃薯原原种生产技术.《农村实用技术》.2006,(第5期), |
| 颜秀芝等.马铃薯脱毒原原种工厂化生产技术规程.《2007年中国马铃薯大会(中国马铃薯专业委员会年会暨学术研讨会)、全国马铃薯免耕栽培现场观摩暨产业发展研讨会论文集》.2007, * |
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