CN102349533A - Seedbed disinfectant for controlling soil-borne disease of seed potato, preparation method and usage method thereof - Google Patents
Seedbed disinfectant for controlling soil-borne disease of seed potato, preparation method and usage method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedbed disinfectant and especially relates to a seedbed disinfectant for controlling soil-borne diseases of seed potato. The seedbed disinfectant solution is characterized by comprising components of, in per kilogram, 1.05-2.1g of metalaxyl. Hymexazol, 0.5-0.75g of chitin, 0.35-0.5g of S-ABA, 0.1-0.2g of farm-oriented streptomycin and the balance of water. The preparation method includes steps of: mixing the above amount of raw materials; stirring; blending well; and diluting until a liquid medicine content in per square meter of seedbed (vermiculite) reaches 6.0 kg. The usage method comprises steps of: spraying the disinfectant on old vermiculite used for seed potato production to reach a liquid medicine amount of 6.0kg/m<2>; covering with a plastic film to sterilize for 3 days; revealing the film and airing for 10 days; then carrying out cuttage on the potato virus free propagation seedlings. The disinfectant of the invention not only can kill pathogenic fungi and bacteria, mitigate harms of soil borne diseases, such as damping off, seedling blight, droop, root rot and green wilting in seed potato production, but also can enhance crop biological activity and immunity, promote crop growth, and has disease resistance, mithridatism, root-knot nematode resistance, cold resistance and saline-alkali resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent, especially relate to a kind of preparation method and method for using of preventing and treating the nursery bed disinfection agent of potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease.
Background technology
Potato is the hold concurrently crop of vegetables of a kind of grain, have very high yielding ability and economic benefit, but potato is not suitable for the continuous cropping plantation, otherwise can causes fungi in the soil, bacteriosis to increase, and nutrient is uneven, acid-base disorder.Especially in the greenhouse or to produce seed potato be in the process of breeder's stock, original seed in the solarium, problems such as soil-borne disease, soil physico-chemical property are tending towards increasing the weight of in the seed potato production owing to continuous cropping causes, and make its output, quality decline, influence export trade, lose bigger.For this reason, once taked solarium's soil removal and replacement in the production, but this methods engineering amount is big, cost is high, and adopts soilless culture, replaces soil with vermiculite, and the vermiculite input amount is very big, must recycle just to reduce cost.
Potato Industry has become one of strategic leading industry of Ningxia agricultural, is the mainstay industry that southern hill farmer is shaken off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity.At present, the whole district breeds with quality control with virus-free seed potato and attaches most importance to, and detoxification breeder's stock yearly productive capacity reaches 100,000,000.Yet; Since the nutrient matrix vermiculite recycle and some other former thereby cause in the potato primary stock production process soil-borne disease as damping off, upright withered, withered, root-rot, bacterial wilt etc. happen occasionally, and have influenced the quality of production, cost and the economic benefit of potato primary stock potato to a great extent.At present potato produces and goes up that to adopt carbendazol wettable powders to carry out soil be that vermiculite is disinfected more, though certain germicidal efficacy is arranged, the single and long-term use of medicament kind is prone to develop immunity to drugs.At present, Shang Weiyou handles the report of special effect agent as potato primary stock potato production nursery bed disinfection, do not have yet a kind of solve the potato primary stock potato produce in the method for problem such as soil-borne disease harm.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art; A kind of disease fungus, the bacterium that can either kill in the soil is provided; Effectively alleviate the harm of soil-borne diseases such as dampinging off in the potato primary stock production, upright withered, withered, root-rot, green grass or young crops be withered; Can improve plant physiology activity and immunity again; Promote crop growth, have a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent and the preparation method and method for using of preventing and treating potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease of abilities such as disease-resistant, antitoxin, anti-root-knot nematode, cold-resistant, salt tolerant alkali.
The present invention realizes through following method:
A kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: the raw material in this disinfectant solution of per kilogram is formed: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.05～2.1 grams, chitin 0.5～0.75 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.35～0.5 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.1～0.2 gram by following compositions, and surplus is a water.
The optimum feed stock composition of said per kilogram disinfectant solution consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.4 grams, chitin 0.6 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.4 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.14 gram, water 997.46 grams.
Said Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin and S-abscisic acid are aqua, and said agricultural streptomycin is a soluble powder.
Described a kind of preparation method who prevents and treats the nursery bed disinfection agent of potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then; Process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute, making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg.
Described a kind of method for using of preventing and treating the nursery bed disinfection agent of potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: this method for using is for before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet; Use this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produce used old vermiculite, make its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
The present invention has following effect:
1) raw material is unique and with strong points: the raw material that the present invention adopts comprises first frost hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid and agricultural streptomycin, and wherein first frost hymexazo is an aqua: be the anilide bactericide, tool protection, therapeutic action; Can be absorbed by the root of plant, stem, leaf, and moisture transportation and transfer to other positions in the satellite, the nursery bed disinfection agent also can be done; Be used for soil sterilization; Mainly prevent and treat, also can improve the plant physiology activity, promote plant growth by fungus-caused soil-borne disease; Agricultural streptomycin: for-kind of new and effective bactericide, be mainly used in bacterial diseases such as control potato bacterial wilt, balck shank; Chitin is promptly led show: including chitin is that shitosan is a primary raw material, has the soil micro-ecosystem of improvement environment, cultivates profitable strain; Improve crop immunity, induce plant to produce antibody, make plant show extremely strong disease-resistant, anti-virus ability various fungies, bacterium and virus; Can resist the infringement of poor environment, suppress the generation of root-knot nematode and soil-borne disease, can optimize the root growth environment; Promote well developed root system, balanced nutrients distributes, and promotes crop health to grow vigorously; S-abscisic acid aqua: can significantly improve plant growth quality, induce and the activated plant body in surplus 150 kind of gene participate in balanced growth and nutriment synthetic of regulation and control plant, enhancing crop is drought-resistant, low temperature, saline and alkaline, the stain of waterloging ability; Effectively the poisoning fertilizer damage is removed in the generation of prevention damage by disease and insect, and the photosynthesis of ability enhancing crop; Quicken the accumulation of nutriment, can make that the crop seedling root of hair is fast, root of hair is many, turn green after the transplanting fast, survival rate is high; Strong stress resistance, damage by disease and insect is few.
2) make, use simple, cheap: preparation method provided by the invention gets the Jia Shuan hymexazo of said content, chitin, S-abscisic acid, agricultural streptomycin to mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then; Process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly; Dilute, making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg again, and its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet; Use this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produce used old vermiculite, make its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then; About 2.2 yuan of disinfectant cost is dropped in every square metre of seedbed, is equivalent to the selling price of a breeder's stock potato.
3) thorough, the strong stress resistance of soil sterilization: the present invention can thoroughly kill disease fungus, bacterium in the soil through introducing Jia Shuan hymexazo, agricultural streptomycin; Effectively reduce damping off, the causing harm of upright withered, withered, soil-borne disease such as green grass or young crops is withered; And introduce chitin, the S-abscisic acid can improve crop immunity; Induce plant to produce antibody to various fungies, bacterium and virus; Improved plant physiology activity and immunity, had disease-resistant, antitoxin, anti-root-knot nematode, cold-resistant, salt tolerant alkali, promote ability such as plant growth.Therefore, the present invention has has not only effectively prevented and treated soil-borne disease, has also improved the immunity of crop and has resisted abilities such as saline and alkaline, has found a practicable approach for guaranteeing the potato primary stock quality of production with reducing cost.
4) method for using is simple; Dosage is few: the invention provides a kind of method for using and consumption of preventing and treating the nursery bed disinfection agent of potato primary stock potato production soil-borne disease: before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet; Use this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produce used old vermiculite, make its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then, content of dispersion is 0.01-0.21%.
The effect of this invention is detailed through the process of the test of nursery bed disinfection agent below.
Test Example 1: nursery bed disinfection agent screening trial test
One, materials and methods
1.1 experimental scheme
This test place is laboratory, Institute of Plant Protection, academy of agricultural sciences, Ningxia.The old vermiculite (matrix) of producing the potato primary stock potato pack into flowerpot (among the 15cm * 15cm); 5 kinds of different nursery bed disinfection agent are set handle, wherein handle 5 and be medicament contrast (carbendazim), and establish normally, double 2 concentration; 2 basins are planted in every processing; Respectively different nursery bed disinfection agent are mixed with 2 concentration and are sprayed in the flowerpot that old vermiculite is housed, mix the back and covered 3 days, take off film and be placed to 10 days with preservative film; Measure respectively and respectively handle the content of microorganism in the old vermiculite, and the plantation potato virus-free plantlet is observed its growing state day by day.
1.2 pilot survey content and method
1.2.1 microbe species and quantitative measurement in the flowerpot vermiculite
Adopt five point samplings, get the vermiculite sample mixing, airtight of different loci respectively, in kind and the quantity of its microorganism of experiment indoor measurement.Adopt dilution-plate method, select for use selective medium to measure, bacterium is used the beef extract-peptone agar medium; Fungi is used the martin agar medium; Actinomycetes are with No. 1 medium of improvement Gao Shi.
1.2.2 death rate investigation: investigate the dead seedling number that each handles flowerpot respectively, and calculate death rate.
Two, result of the test
2.1 nursery bed disinfection agent screening trial test researching determining result
Table 1: back each item index researching determining result is handled in different nursery bed disinfection agent
Table 1 is measured the result and is shown: after different nursery bed disinfection agent are handled; Bacterium, fungi and actinomycetic kind and quantity obviously reduce in the vermiculite; It is mould that the survival fungal species is mainly wood, is mould and aspergillus secondly, and these fungies are antagonism bacterium or non-pathogenic bacteria; Growth to plant does not have influence, and before handling in the potted plant vermiculite microbial numbers a lot.Generally speaking, under normal concentration, it is more thorough to handle 1 killing microorganisms, and growth of seedling is better, and death rate is 0, and is doubling under the concentration, handles the growth of seedling inequality for 5, and plant is all dead during 20d, is to cause owing to concentration is excessive.Therefore, must take the circumstances into consideration to reduce dose during the medication of field.
Test Example 2: potato primary stock potato production nursery bed disinfection agent and concentration screening test
One, materials and methods
1.1 experimental scheme
This test place is that the center is bred in Ningxia Ping Jibao potato primary stock potato detoxification.Select above-mentioned 5 kinds of different nursery bed disinfection agent; Reduce consumption and be mixed with 2 kinds of variable concentrations; Wherein handle 5 for medicament contrast (carbendazim), before the potato virus-free plantlet cuttage, spray old vermiculite repeatedly, the back that stirs covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic foil; After take off film and hang to plantation in 10 days and expand numerous seedling, normal management.5 processing are established in test, and A (2/3 normal concentration) and 2 concentration of B (1/2 normal concentration), every sub-district area 3.65m are established in every processing
2, amount to 10 sub-districts, establish not dispenser seedbed simultaneously and be contrast.A situation arises to observe potato plant growing way and disease respectively at different times after disinfecting, and filters out effect nursery bed disinfection agent preferably.
1.2 pilot survey content and method
1.2.1 seedbed microbe species and quantitative measurement
Adopt five point samplings, depth selection is 0～10 centimetre, with the sample mixing of different loci, airtight, takes back the laboratory and carries out seedbed microbe species and quantitative measurement.Microbioassay kind in seedbed is identical with test one with method.
1.2.2 disease survey: the diseased plant number to the whole test sub-district is investigated, and calculates the diseased plant rate and the preventive effect thereof of each sub-district.
1.2.3 growth indexes is measured: measure potato plant root length, plant height during results, every cell measurement strain number is 10 strains, and every processing is measured and amounted to 30 strains.
1.2.4 cell production is measured: 3 points are got in every sub-district, every some sampling 1m
2, measure every square metre of average yield, calculate its effect of increasing production, and investigate qualified potato number (＞3g).
Two, result of the test
2.1 different disinfectants are measured the influence of seedbed microbial diversity
The different disinfectants of table 2 are measured the result to the influence of seedbed microbial diversity
Table 2 is measured the result and shown: micro organism quantity is than much less before handling in the seedbed after disinfecting; Especially fungi and bacterium, but that B concentration is handled is more relatively than the A micro organism quantity, and this explanation decontaminant concentration is high more; Killing action to the seedbed microorganism is strong more; In the seedbed, sterilization back main fungi have that wood is mould, mould and part biocontrol microorganisms and actinomycetes, these microorganisms and nonpathogenic bacteria, useful and harmless to the growth of crop.
2.2 different nursery bed disinfection agent are measured the influence of potato plant each item growth indexes and output
The different nursery bed disinfection agent of table 3 are measured the result to the influence of potato plant growth and output
Can find out from table 3: handle 1,2 each item testing index most pronounced effects; Especially handle 1 long, plant height, the comparison of qualified potato according to the average 1.1～2.3cm of increasing respectively, 0.8～1.3cm, 28～36; Effect of increasing production is 11.1～27.3%; Protection effect is more more remarkable than medicament contrast (handling 5) and other processing, and it is better to handle 1 B concentration ratio A concentration effect, is the optimum concentration of using.
Test Example 3: potato primary stock potato production nursery bed disinfection agent wide field trial
This test place is that the center is bred in Ningxia Ping Jibao potato primary stock potato detoxification.Select obvious results nursery bed disinfection agent to handle and carry out wide field trial, the Da Qu area is 87.6m
2(7.3 * 1.2), and be provided with and do not handle as contrast, according to normal management behind aforementioned nursery bed disinfection agent preparation and method for using dispenser and the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, a situation arises for its disease of periodic investigation, and the result sees table 4.
Table 4: the nursery bed disinfection agent is to the preventive effect measurement result of potato primary stock potato production soil-borne disease
Measuring the result from table 4 finds out: after using disinfectant to handle the seedbed, potato is dampinged off, the incidence of disease of upright withered, withered three kinds of soil-borne diseases is compared with contrast obviously descends, and its control efficiency reaches 82.2%, 83.5%, 85.4% respectively, the preventive effect highly significant.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: the material composition of the solution of said per kilogram disinfectant consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.4 grams, chitin 0.6 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.4 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.14 gram, water 997.46 grams; Its preparation method is that Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then, process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute again; Making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg; Its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, uses this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produces used old vermiculite, makes its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
Embodiment two: a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: it is water that the material composition of the solution of said per kilogram disinfectant consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.05 gram, chitin 0.75 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.35 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.1 gram, surplus; Its preparation method is that Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then, process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute again; Making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg; Its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, uses this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produces used old vermiculite, makes its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
Embodiment three: a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: it is water that the material composition of the solution of said per kilogram disinfectant consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 2.1 gram, chitin 0.5 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.5 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.2 gram, surplus; Its preparation method is that Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then, process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute again; Making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg; Its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, uses this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produces used old vermiculite, makes its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
Embodiment four: a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: it is water that the material composition of the solution of said per kilogram disinfectant consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.8 gram, chitin 0.6 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.4 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.15 gram, surplus; Its preparation method is that Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then, process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute again; Making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg; Its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, uses this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produces used old vermiculite, makes its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
Embodiment five: a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: it is water that the material composition of the solution of said per kilogram disinfectant consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.2 gram, chitin 0.7 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.37 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.19 gram, surplus; Its preparation method is that Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then, process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute again; Making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg; Its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, uses this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produces used old vermiculite, makes its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
Embodiment six: a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: it is water that the material composition of the solution of said per kilogram disinfectant consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.06 gram, chitin 0.74 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.49 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.11 gram, surplus; Its preparation method is that Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then, process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute again; Making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg; Its method for using is before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet, uses this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produces used old vermiculite, makes its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0kg/m
2, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately, after take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
Above-mentioned Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin and S-abscisic acid are aqua, and said agricultural streptomycin is a soluble powder.
Claims (5)
1. nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease; It is characterized in that: the raw material in the solution of this disinfectant of per kilogram is formed: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.05～2.1 grams, chitin 0.5～0.75 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.35～0.5 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.1～0.2 gram by following compositions, and surplus is a water.
2. a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the optimum feed stock composition of said per kilogram disinfectant solution consists of: Jia Shuan hymexazo 1.4 grams, chitin 0.6 gram, S-abscisic acid 0.4 gram, agricultural streptomycin 0.14 gram, water 997.46 grams.
3. a kind of nursery bed disinfection agent that prevents and treats potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin and S-abscisic acid are aqua, and said agricultural streptomycin is a soluble powder.
4. a kind of preparation method who prevents and treats the nursery bed disinfection agent of potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: Jia Shuan hymexazo, chitin, S-abscisic acid, the agricultural streptomycin of getting said content mix with the water of said content; Fully stir then; Process the nursery bed disinfection agent solution after being mixed evenly, dilute, making every square metre of seedbed is that vermiculite Chinese medicine liquid measure reaches 6.0kg.
5. the described a kind of method for using of preventing and treating the nursery bed disinfection agent of potato primary stock potato soil-borne disease of claim 1; It is characterized in that: this method for using is for before the cuttage potato virus-free plantlet; Use this disinfectant evenly to spray potato primary stock repeatedly and produce used old vermiculite, make its amount of liquid medicine reach 6.0 ㎏/㎡, covered sterilization processing 3 days with plastic film immediately; After take off film and hang to 10 days, the cuttage potato detoxicating expands numerous seedling and gets final product then.
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| CN111631101A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 京博农化科技有限公司 | Method for breeding virus-free potato seedlings |
| CN111631101B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-02-01 | 京博农化科技有限公司 | Method for breeding virus-free potato seedlings |
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