CN104126386A - Potato breeder's seed production method - Google Patents
Potato breeder's seed production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126386A CN104126386A CN201410334074.9A CN201410334074A CN104126386A CN 104126386 A CN104126386 A CN 104126386A CN 201410334074 A CN201410334074 A CN 201410334074A CN 104126386 A CN104126386 A CN 104126386A
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Abstract
The invention provides a potato breeder's seed production method. The method comprises the steps of: (1) seedbed preparation; (2) seedbed sterilization; (3) seedbed pest killing; (4) virus-free seedling transplantation and cutting; (5) base fertilizer application; (6) stem segment collection and treatment; (7) earth application; and (8) pest and disease controlling; water management; and temperature and light management. In the water management process, a seedbed with covered film is watered once every 3-4 days, and a seedbed without film is watered once every day. In the temperature and light management process, in summers, seedlings or cutting seedlings are sheltered by using a shade mesh with a light blocking rate of 70% until survived, and the shade mesh is uncovered after 15 days; and in winters, film mulching is used for increasing temperature. With the production method provided by the invention, potato breeder's seed yield is high, and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation method, relate in particular to a kind of potato primary stock production method.
Background technology
According to the definition of virus-free seed potato national standard: breeder's stock refers to the micro potato of producing in container with detoxic seedling and the potato seed that meets quality standard of producing under insect-proof net chamber, greenhouse experiment or little potato.In container, producing breeder's stock, is by tissue, to cultivate induction to produce micro potato.Owing to isolating, the breeding rate in unit space is high, is not subject to seasonal restrictions again, can produce in a short time a large amount of qualified micro potatos.But micro potato volume is little, and physiological status differs greatly, and resting stage is long, be difficult for to preserve, must use the measure such as grow seedlings otherwise more difficultly in field, directly utilize, and cost is high, benefit is low, technical by force, be not easy grasp.Therefore, detoxic seedling cuttage is produced in the special matrix in greenhouse to the miniature mode that expands seed potato cultivation that just becomes, at present, with detoxic seedling cuttage, in the special matrix in greenhouse, producing miniature great majority employing vermiculite is matrix, and adopt the cost that vermiculite is matrix higher, select pine needle humus soil to produce potato primary stock cost low, yield per unit area is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the potato primary stock production method that a kind of production cost is lower, yield per unit area is high.
A potato primary stock production method, comprises the following steps:
(1) base manure: the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure is become thoroughly decomposed in transplanting fully to mix to stack with pine needle humus soil for first 15 days;
(2) seedbed arranges: adopt the pine needle humus soil that stacking is become thoroughly decomposed to be paved into as matrix the transplanting seedbed that 7-9cm is high;
(3) nursery bed disinfection: with disinfectant, seedbed is carried out disinfection before transplanting, cover and transplant seedbed after having sprayed disinfectant with thick plastic foil, seal and fumigate 2d, the seedbed 7d after sterilization transplants detoxic seedling later;
(4) detoxic seedling transplanting and cuttage, detoxic seedling is taken out from blake bottle with tweezers, be placed in clear water the medium of eccysis root gently; Seedbed water permeable after, by spacing in the rows 5～6cm, line-spacing 8cm, transplant detoxic seedling, while planting, compacting base portion pine soil, irrigates normal root water; After transplanting, seedbed is added a cover film and is improved survival rate with insulation, water conservation, takes off out film after 7d;
(5) ridging: with pine soil ridging 2 times, ridging thickness is each 0.5-1cm;
Prevention and elimination of disease and pests and plant excessive growth: according to a situation arises, take early to find early prevention, the mixing of medicament sprays measure, general every 7d once, continuous 2～3 times;
Water management: the seedbed 3～4d of epiphragma waters 1 time, the every 1d in the seedbed of epiphragma does not water 1 time;
Temperature and illumination management: block seedling to survive with the shading net that shading rate is 70% summer, opens shading net after 15d; When winter temperature is low, with plastic mulching, heat;
Nutrient management: at detoxic seedling, transplant after seedbed, different according to its vegetative stage, spray the growth that the different nutrient solution of preparation promotes plant.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, the fertilizing amount that nitrogenous fertilizer described in step 1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, farmyard manure, pine needle are every square metre humous is: nitrogenous fertilizer 30g, phosphate fertilizer 25g, potash fertilizer 25g, 4.5 jin of farmyard manures, 30 jin of pine needle humus soil.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, the mixed solution that in step 3, disinfectant is comprised of formalin and potassium permanganate, the compound method of the mixed solution of formalin and potassium permanganate is: by the formalin of the dissolving of 1g potassium permanganate and 100ml.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, before making preparing seedbed, first carries out sterilization to the biography poison medium insect in residing solarium, seedbed, and sterilization mode is to spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, after step 4, also comprise when detoxic seedling until cuttage grows to height of seedling and is 15～20cm, gathering length is the stem section of 10cm, the stem section gathering is cut into the little stem section of 3cm, and every little stem section retains an axillalry bud and a small pieces leaf, the naa that is 15mg/L by concentration soaks cuttage position 15min, then the stem segment cuttage soaking is arrived to seedbed.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, the detoxic seedling of transplanting from blake bottle requires seedling age 15d, height of seedling 7～10cm, the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem, 5～8, leaf.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, when primary infection focus appears in solarium, spray 500～800 times of liquid of 58% metalaxyl-mn-zn or 70% safe and sound raw wetting powder spraying, 687.5 grams per liter Yin Fali suspending agent sprayings or the spraying of 72% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder.
Further, potato primary stock production method as above, the preparation of described nutrient solution and amount of application are:
Seedling Stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 4kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer mixes and is configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer and water is 1:500;
In seedling stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 5kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, urea mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer, urea and water is 7:3:2000;
Reproductive stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 6kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer and superphosphate, potassium sulfate and water is 2:1:2:1000;
Stem tuber after detoxic seedling is transplanted forms the phase, and the amount of application of nutrient solution is 6kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate and water is 2:3:1000;
In the stem tuber maturing stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 4kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate and water is 3:4:2000.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention utilizes pine needle humus soil as matrix, and come demand to apply fertilizer according to the growth of plant, take measures to avoid solarium's inner virus simultaneously or passed the harm that malicious medium insect is caused plant strain growth, on the one hand, reduced the production cost of cultivation potato primary stock, on the other hand, use pine needle humus soil unit are can produce breeder's stock more than 230, effect is higher; And pine needle humus soil service life the longlyest reach 5 years, can spread fertilizer over the fields large field after reusing 5 years, puddle to improve lean soil with fertilizer.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below technical scheme in the present invention be clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) matrix is selected: pine needle humus soil is made matrix;
(2) base manure: phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure are proportionally become thoroughly decomposed in transplanting fully to mix to stack with pine needle humus soil for first 15 days, make and transplant seedbed.
(3) seedbed arranges: seedbed is paved into pine needle humus soil the transplanting seedbed that 7cm-9cm is high, and arranges the wide railway carriage or compartment face into 2.5m of paving.
(4) nursery bed disinfection desinsection
A nursery bed disinfection
Before transplanting, with 1% formalin and potassium permanganate mixed solution, carry out nursery bed disinfection (the stifling 2d of sealing), the seedbed 7d after sterilization transplants detoxic seedling later.
B seedbed desinsection
Spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder (or other has the insecticide of same texts) and eliminate the biography poison medium insect in solarium.
(5) detoxic seedling is transplanted: detoxic seedling is taken out from blake bottle with tweezers, is placed in clear water the medium of eccysis root gently, seedbed water permeable after, by spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm transplanting, while planting, compacting base portion pine soil, irrigates normal root water.After transplanting, seedbed is added a cover film and is improved survival rate with insulation, water conservation, takes off out film after 7d.
Particularly, detoxic seedling is transplanted Shi Pingmiao seeding room control 10 days, height of seedling 7～10cm, and the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem, 5～8, leaf, the object of selecting the detoxic seedling of this requirement condition is to improve bottle shoot survival percent.The reason of cleaning detoxic seedling is because have agar and sugar in MS medium, and cleaning attracts soil insect after can avoiding detoxic seedling to transplant, and causes detoxic seedling butt rot; The present invention is controlled at planting density: spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm transplant and can make that unit are knot potato number is the highest, individual plant is the highest in conjunction with lattice potato, cost-saving synergistic is best.
(6) stem segment cuttage
A, cutting density
After seedbed is made and is sterilized by spacing in the rows 6cm, the line-spacing 8cm cuttage of punching.
The acquisition process of B, stem section
The plant that is 15～20cm from the detoxic seedling height of seedling of transplanting gathers the long stem section for 10cm left and right.The stem section gathering is cut into the stem section of 3cm left and right, every stem section retains an axillalry bud and a small pieces leaf, and the naa that is 15mg/L by concentration soaks cuttage position 15min hestening rooting.
The plant that general 15-20cm is high is strong plant, and the stem section that gathers 10cm left and right can improve the survival rate after transplanting.In addition, using naa to soak cuttage position is also in order to improve the survival rate after transplanting.
(7) ridging
After height of seedling 10cm, with pine soil ridging 2 times, ridging is highly each 0.5-1cm.
The object of ridging is epidermis virescence after avoiding the exposed outside of breeder's stock by solar radiation.
(8) late blight control
According to solarium's investigation, occur that primary infection focus sprays in time 500～800 times of liquid of 58% metalaxyl-mn-zn and prevents and treats late blight, every 7d once, continuous 3 times.
(9) results and processing
When physiological ripening, adopt artificial results, before results, 7d removes overground part cauline leaf, transports in time solarium.During results, note reducing epidermis injury.
(10) potato seed storage
After results, preserve.After packing with mesh bag by different cultivars the first season (the 2-7 month), enclose label and put into constant-temperature and constant humidity store (3-5 ℃) storage; After packing with mesh bag by different cultivars the second season (the 8-12 month), enclose label and be generally placed on warehouse scattered light storage, control during this time indoor temperature and prevent and treat frostbite, before sowing, close constant-temperature and constant humidity store switch and suitably heat or take artificial measures's breaking dormancy phase, avoid directly sowing field and do not emerge or emerge irregular.
(11) divide grade packaged
5g is superfine above, and 3～5g is one-level, and 2～3g is secondary, and 1～2g is three grades, adopts mesh bag splendid attire breeder's stock.
Embodiment 2:
(1) matrix is selected: pine needle humus soil is made matrix;
(2) base manure: phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure are proportionally become thoroughly decomposed in transplanting fully to mix to stack with pine needle humus soil for first 15 days, make and transplant seedbed.
(3) seedbed arranges: seedbed is paved into pine needle humus soil the transplanting seedbed that 8cm is high, and arranges the wide railway carriage or compartment face into 3m of paving.
(4) nursery bed disinfection desinsection
A nursery bed disinfection
Before transplanting, with 1% formalin and potassium permanganate mixed solution, carry out nursery bed disinfection (the stifling 2d of sealing), the seedbed 7d after sterilization transplants detoxic seedling later.
B seedbed desinsection
Spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder (or other has the insecticide of same texts) and eliminate the biography poison medium insect in solarium.
(5) detoxic seedling is transplanted: detoxic seedling is taken out from blake bottle with tweezers, is placed in clear water the medium of eccysis root gently, seedbed water permeable after, by spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm transplanting, while planting, compacting base portion pine soil, irrigates normal root water.After transplanting, seedbed is added a cover film and is improved survival rate with insulation, water conservation, takes off out film after 7d.
Particularly, detoxic seedling is transplanted Shi Pingmiao seeding room control 15 days, height of seedling 7～10cm, and the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem, 5～8, leaf, the object of selecting the detoxic seedling of this requirement condition is to improve bottle shoot survival percent.The reason of cleaning detoxic seedling is because have agar and sugar in MS medium, and cleaning attracts soil insect after can avoiding detoxic seedling to transplant, and causes detoxic seedling butt rot; The present invention is controlled at planting density: spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm transplant and can make that unit are knot potato number is the highest, individual plant is the highest in conjunction with lattice potato, cost-saving synergistic is best.
(6) stem segment cuttage
A, cutting density
After seedbed is made and is sterilized by spacing in the rows 6cm, the line-spacing 8cm cuttage of punching.
The acquisition process of B, stem section
The plant that is 15～20cm from the detoxic seedling height of seedling of transplanting gathers the long stem section for 10cm left and right.The stem section gathering is cut into the stem section of 3cm left and right, every stem section retains an axillalry bud and a small pieces leaf, and the naa that is 15mg/L by concentration soaks cuttage position 15min hestening rooting.
The plant that general 15-20cm is high is strong plant, and the stem section that gathers 10cm left and right can improve the survival rate after transplanting.In addition, using naa to soak cuttage position is also in order to improve the survival rate after transplanting.
(7) ridging
After height of seedling 10cm, with pine soil ridging 2 times, ridging is highly each 0.5-1cm.
The object of ridging is epidermis virescence after avoiding the exposed outside of breeder's stock by solar radiation.
(8) late blight control
According to solarium's investigation, occur that primary infection focus sprays in time 570% safe and sound raw wetting powder spraying and prevents and treats late blight, every 7d once, continuous 2 times.
(9) results and processing
When physiological ripening, adopt artificial results, before results, 7d removes overground part cauline leaf, transports in time solarium.During results, note reducing epidermis injury.
(10) potato seed storage
After results, preserve.After packing with mesh bag by different cultivars the first season (the 2-7 month), enclose label and put into constant-temperature and constant humidity store (3-5 ℃) storage; After packing with mesh bag by different cultivars the second season (the 8-12 month), enclose label and be generally placed on warehouse scattered light storage, control during this time indoor temperature and prevent and treat frostbite, before sowing, close constant-temperature and constant humidity store switch and suitably heat or take artificial measures's breaking dormancy phase, avoid directly sowing field and do not emerge or emerge irregular.
(11) divide grade packaged
5g is superfine above, and 3～5g is one-level, and 2～3g is secondary, and 1～2g is three grades, adopts mesh bag splendid attire breeder's stock.
Embodiment 3:
(1) matrix is selected: pine needle humus soil is made matrix;
(2) base manure: phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure are proportionally become thoroughly decomposed in transplanting fully to mix to stack with pine needle humus soil for first 15 days, make and transplant seedbed.
(3) seedbed arranges: seedbed is paved into pine needle humus soil the transplanting seedbed that 9cm is high, and arranges the wide railway carriage or compartment face into 2.8m of paving.
(4) nursery bed disinfection desinsection
A nursery bed disinfection
Before transplanting, with 1% formalin and potassium permanganate mixed solution, carry out nursery bed disinfection (the stifling 2d of sealing), the seedbed 7d after sterilization transplants detoxic seedling later.
B seedbed desinsection
Spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder (or other has the insecticide of same texts) and eliminate the biography poison medium insect in solarium.
(5) detoxic seedling is transplanted: detoxic seedling is taken out from blake bottle with tweezers, is placed in clear water the medium of eccysis root gently, seedbed water permeable after, by spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm transplanting, while planting, compacting base portion pine soil, irrigates normal root water.After transplanting, seedbed is added a cover film and is improved survival rate with insulation, water conservation, takes off out film after 7d.
Particularly, detoxic seedling is transplanted Shi Pingmiao seeding room control 17 days, height of seedling 7～10cm, and the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem, 5～8, leaf, the object of selecting the detoxic seedling of this requirement condition is to improve bottle shoot survival percent.The reason of cleaning detoxic seedling is because have agar and sugar in MS medium, and cleaning attracts soil insect after can avoiding detoxic seedling to transplant, and causes detoxic seedling butt rot; The present invention is controlled at planting density: spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm transplant and can make that unit are knot potato number is the highest, individual plant is the highest in conjunction with lattice potato, cost-saving synergistic is best.
(6) stem segment cuttage
A, cutting density
After seedbed is made and is sterilized by spacing in the rows 6cm, the line-spacing 8cm cuttage of punching.
The acquisition process of B, stem section
The plant that is 15～20cm from the detoxic seedling height of seedling of transplanting gathers the long stem section for 10cm left and right.The stem section gathering is cut into the stem section of 3cm left and right, every stem section retains an axillalry bud and a small pieces leaf, and the naa that is 15mg/L by concentration soaks cuttage position 15min hestening rooting.
The plant that general 15-20cm is high is strong plant, and the stem section that gathers 10cm left and right can improve the survival rate after transplanting.In addition, using naa to soak cuttage position is also in order to improve the survival rate after transplanting.
(7) ridging
After height of seedling 10cm, with pine soil ridging 2 times, ridging is highly each 0.5-1cm.
The object of ridging is epidermis virescence after avoiding the exposed outside of breeder's stock by solar radiation.
(8) late blight control
According to solarium's investigation, occur that primary infection focus sprays in time 72% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder spraying and prevents and treats late blight, every 7d once, continuous 3 times.
(9) results and processing
When physiological ripening, adopt artificial results, before results, 7d removes overground part cauline leaf, transports in time solarium.During results, note reducing epidermis injury.
(10) potato seed storage
After results, preserve.After packing with mesh bag by different cultivars the first season (the 2-7 month), enclose label and put into constant-temperature and constant humidity store (3-5 ℃) storage; After packing with mesh bag by different cultivars the second season (the 8-12 month), enclose label and be generally placed on warehouse scattered light storage, control during this time indoor temperature and prevent and treat frostbite, before sowing, close constant-temperature and constant humidity store switch and suitably heat or take artificial measures's breaking dormancy phase, avoid directly sowing field and do not emerge or emerge irregular.
(11) divide grade packaged
5g is superfine above, and 3～5g is one-level, and 2～3g is secondary, and 1～2g is three grades, adopts mesh bag splendid attire breeder's stock.
All embodiment all adopt following production management technology to cultivate potato virus-free plantlet above.
The preparation of nutrient solution and amount of application
Nutrient solution is the nutrient solution that detoxic seedling is prepared the demand of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in order to meet plant after transplanting and cuttage.Described nutrient solution adopts N, P, K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate to be mixed with certain density nutrient solution, also the macroelement of available 1/10MS culture fluid.The nutrient solution preparing waters and executes according to vine growth and development situation timely and appropriate discovery.Each breeding time, conventional compounding and amount of application were pressed the execution of table 1 regulation.
The conventional compounding of table 1 and amount of application
Moisture
Seedling stage moisture: the seedbed 3～4d of epiphragma waters 1 time, not the every 1d in the seedbed of epiphragma water 1 time (epiphragma is in order to increase seedling bed temperature and to keep moisture evaporation).Summer, evaporation discharge was large, and temperature is higher, needed to water more; Winter temperature is lower, can water less; Spring and autumn fine day waters more, and the rainy day waters less; Budding, bloom and be moistening to maturing stage maintenance matrix.
Temperature
Summer temperature is high, should note the ventilation of solarium, blocks seedling or cuttage seeding to surviving with the shading net that shading rate is 70% simultaneously; When winter temperature is low, with plastic mulching, heat.
Illumination
Transplant afterwards and survive with shading net shading light photograph to seedling, after 15d, open shading net, meet the needed illumination of potato growth as far as possible.
Fertilizing method
Fertilising in earlier stage utilize phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure proportionally fully to mix topdressing after transplanting seedbed that stacking becomes thoroughly decomposed makes and detoxic seedling transplanting and cuttage with pine needle humus soil, the fertilising in early stage is described in step 1,2,3, repeats no more herein.
Topdress: due to early spring temperature lower, growth of seedling is slow, in matrix, Nutrient Transformation is slow, nutrient supply is not enough.For promoting seedling ramp, strong of short root is laid a solid foundation for knot potato, requires early to topdress.At tiller phase (five leaf periods) nitrogen fertilizer application, potash fertilizer, the fertilizing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is every square metre of seedbed nitrogen fertilizer application 30g, potassium application 25g; After 15 days with 20g/m
2the Nitrogen Top Dressing of nitrogenous fertilizer, when potato piece expanding stage with 30g/m
2impose potassium sulfate.
Experimental example:
The vermiculite of take is below made respectively 3 seedbeds (seedbed 4, seedbed 5, seedbed 6) as matrix, cuttage strain density is controlled: line-spacing 6cm*8cm, as a comparison case, then adopt conventional method cultivation potato virus-free plantlet, when physiological ripening, extract plant and clear out qualified potato grain number; Add up the potato virus-free plantlet of the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 cultivations simultaneously, extract plant and clear out qualified potato grain number when physiological ripening, statistics is in Table 2.
Table 2
| ? | Seedbed 1 (grain/m 2) | Seedbed 2 (grain/m 2) | Seedbed 3 (grain/m 2) |
| Embodiment 1 | 235 | 240 | 248 |
| Embodiment 2 | 250 | 248 | 261 |
| Embodiment 3 | 258 | 287 | 268 |
[0131]?
| ? | Seedbed 4 (grain/m 2) | Seedbed 5 (grain/m 2) | Seedbed 6 (grain/m 2) |
| Comparative example | 182 | 176 | 173 |
By table 2, can find out, adopt the potato primary stock yield per unit area of the inventive method cultivation higher than the potato primary stock yield per unit area of conventional method cultivation.
It should be noted that most: above embodiment only, in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a potato primary stock production method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) base manure: the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure is become thoroughly decomposed in transplanting fully to mix to stack with pine needle humus soil for first 15 days;
(2) seedbed arranges: adopt the pine needle humus soil that stacking is become thoroughly decomposed to be paved into as matrix the transplanting seedbed that 7-9cm is high;
(3) nursery bed disinfection: with disinfectant, seedbed is carried out disinfection before transplanting, cover and transplant seedbed after having sprayed disinfectant with thick plastic foil, seal and fumigate 2d, the seedbed 7d after sterilization transplants detoxic seedling later;
(4) detoxic seedling is transplanted and cuttage: detoxic seedling is taken out from blake bottle with tweezers, be placed in clear water the medium of eccysis root gently; Seedbed water permeable after, by spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm, transplant detoxic seedling, while planting, compacting base portion pine soil, irrigates normal root water; After transplanting, seedbed is added a cover film and is improved survival rate with insulation, water conservation, takes off out film after 7d;
(5) ridging: with pine soil ridging 2 times, ridging thickness is each 0.5-1cm;
Prevention and elimination of disease and pests and plant excessive growth: according to a situation arises, take early to find early prevention, the mixing of medicament sprays measure, general every 7d once, continuous 2～3 times;
Water management: the seedbed 3～4d of epiphragma waters 1 time, the every 1d in the seedbed of epiphragma does not water 1 time;
Temperature and illumination management: block seedling to survive with the shading net that shading rate is 70% summer, opens shading net after 15d; When winter temperature is low, with plastic mulching, heat;
Nutrient management: at detoxic seedling, be transplanted to behind seedbed, different according to its vegetative stage, spray the growth that the different nutrient solution of preparation promotes plant.
2. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fertilizing amount that nitrogenous fertilizer described in step 1, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, farmyard manure, pine needle are every square metre humous is: nitrogenous fertilizer 30g, phosphate fertilizer 25g, potash fertilizer 25g, 4.5 jin of farmyard manures, 30 jin of pine needle humus soil.
3. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mixed solution that in step 3, disinfectant is comprised of formalin and potassium permanganate, the compound method of the mixed solution of formalin and potassium permanganate is: by the formalin of the dissolving of 1g potassium permanganate and 100ml.
4. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before making preparing seedbed, first the biography poison medium insect in residing solarium, seedbed is carried out to sterilization, and sterilization mode is to spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder.
5. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after step 4, also comprise when detoxic seedling until cuttage grows to height of seedling and is 15～20cm, gathering length is the stem section of 10cm, the stem section gathering is cut into the little stem section of 3cm, and every little stem section retains an axillalry bud and a small pieces leaf, the naa that is 15mg/L by concentration soaks cuttage position 15min, then the stem segment cuttage soaking is arrived to seedbed.
6. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the detoxic seedling of transplanting from blake bottle requires seedling age 15d, height of seedling 7～10cm, the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem, 5～8, leaf.
7. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when primary infection focus appears in solarium, spray 500～800 times of liquid of 58% metalaxyl-mn-zn or 70% safe and sound raw wetting powder spraying, 687.5 grams per liter Yin Fali suspending agent sprayings or the spraying of 72% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder.
8. potato primary stock production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation of described nutrient solution and amount of application are:
Seedling Stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 4kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer mixes and is configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer and water is 1:500;
In seedling stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 5kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, urea mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer, urea and water is 7:3:2000;
Reproductive stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 6kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, superphosphate, potassium sulfate mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer and superphosphate, potassium sulfate and water is 2:1:2:1000;
Stem tuber after detoxic seedling is transplanted forms the phase, and the amount of application of nutrient solution is 6kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate and water is 2:3:1000;
In the stem tuber maturing stage after detoxic seedling is transplanted, the amount of application of nutrient solution is 4kg/m
2; This nutrient solution is that composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate mix and are configured to water; The mass ratio of composite fertilizer, potassium sulfate and water is 3:4:2000.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105075602A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 成都易胜科生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing seed potatoes |
| CN105210600A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2016-01-06 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Virus-free basic potato seed hot-house culture method |
| CN105766385A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-20 | 姜汉军 | Plant protection method for increasing yield of virus-free potato breeder's stock |
| CN106212225A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-14 | 内蒙古嘉恒农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of potato seed soilless culture method |
| CN106856908A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-20 | 新昌县钧国生物技术有限公司 | High efficiency, low cost potato virus-free plantlet and original silkworm egg production technology |
| CN107439199A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 迪庆州农业科学研究所 | A kind of virus-free potato primary stock efficient breeding method |
| CN108990742A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-14 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | A kind of potato covering cultivation method |
| CN109906900A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-21 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of potato primary stock mating system |
| CN111631101A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 京博农化科技有限公司 | Method for breeding virus-free potato seedlings |
| CN111995448A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-11-27 | 固原天启薯业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for producing potato breeder's seeds |
| CN112088764A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-12-18 | 定西马铃薯研究所(普通合伙) | Method for breeding potato breeder seeds by using coconut coir as matrix |
| CN112335507A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 毕节市农业科学研究所 | Planting method for winter-planting potatoes |
| CN112913672A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 定西市农业科学研究院 | Green quality-improving and effect-increasing off-ground cultivation method for producing potato breeder's seeds |
| CN116114600A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-05-16 | 江苏宝德农业科技有限公司 | Application of paper in potato detoxification mini-potato production and rapid propagation and field planting method of tissue culture seedlings for potato detoxification mini-potato production |
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| CN105766385B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2019-05-10 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield |
| CN105766385A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-20 | 姜汉军 | Plant protection method for increasing yield of virus-free potato breeder's stock |
| CN105210600A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2016-01-06 | 甘肃凯凯农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Virus-free basic potato seed hot-house culture method |
| CN105075602A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 成都易胜科生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing seed potatoes |
| CN106212225A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-14 | 内蒙古嘉恒农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of potato seed soilless culture method |
| CN106856908A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-20 | 新昌县钧国生物技术有限公司 | High efficiency, low cost potato virus-free plantlet and original silkworm egg production technology |
| CN107439199A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 迪庆州农业科学研究所 | A kind of virus-free potato primary stock efficient breeding method |
| CN111995448A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-11-27 | 固原天启薯业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for producing potato breeder's seeds |
| CN111995448B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2022-04-01 | 固原天启薯业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for producing potato breeder's seeds |
| CN108990742A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-14 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | A kind of potato covering cultivation method |
| CN109906900A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-21 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of potato primary stock mating system |
| CN109906900B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-10-19 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Potato protospecies breeding method |
| CN112088764A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-12-18 | 定西马铃薯研究所(普通合伙) | Method for breeding potato breeder seeds by using coconut coir as matrix |
| CN111631101A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 京博农化科技有限公司 | Method for breeding virus-free potato seedlings |
| CN111631101B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-02-01 | 京博农化科技有限公司 | Method for breeding virus-free potato seedlings |
| CN112335507A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 毕节市农业科学研究所 | Planting method for winter-planting potatoes |
| CN112335507B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-04-12 | 毕节市农业科学研究所 | Planting method for winter-planting potatoes |
| CN112913672A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 定西市农业科学研究院 | Green quality-improving and effect-increasing off-ground cultivation method for producing potato breeder's seeds |
| CN112913672B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2024-03-22 | 定西市农业科学研究院 | Green quality-improving and efficiency-increasing off-site cultivation method for producing potato stock seeds |
| CN116114600A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-05-16 | 江苏宝德农业科技有限公司 | Application of paper in potato detoxification mini-potato production and rapid propagation and field planting method of tissue culture seedlings for potato detoxification mini-potato production |
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