CN104396511A - Tomato seedling breeding technology - Google Patents
Tomato seedling breeding technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396511A CN104396511A CN201410654144.9A CN201410654144A CN104396511A CN 104396511 A CN104396511 A CN 104396511A CN 201410654144 A CN201410654144 A CN 201410654144A CN 104396511 A CN104396511 A CN 104396511A
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- tomato
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a tomato seedling breeding method and belongs to the technical field of vegetable breeding. According to the tomato seedling breeding method provided by the invention, a flower bud differentiation period of tomato seedling development, is managed by the following method that the temperature in daytime is 20 to 25 DEG C and the temperature at night is 15 to 17 DEG C; for the substrate humidity around seeds, the total water content of a substrate is kept to be 60 to 80 percent; the illumination intensity in a seedling breeding house is controlled to be 3,000 to 5,000LX; the illumination time is 7 to 16 hours; the nutrient concentration in the substrate is respectively 100 to 500mg/kg of N, 120 to 200mg/kg of P, and 200 to 220mg/kg of K; the concentration of CO2 in air is 500 to 1,000 microliter/L. According to the tomato seedling breeding method provided by the invention, by controlling nutrients and illumination conditions during the flower bud differentiation period, the survival rate of tomato seedlings and the yield of mature tomatoes can be obviously increased, the yield of mature tomatoes can be obviously increased, and the probability of malformation of tomato flowers and tomato fruits is reduced.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling growing process, be specifically related to a kind of tomato seedling growing process, belonged to vegetables propagation technique field.
Background technology
Tomato, i.e. tomato are Solanaceae herbaceous plant, can perennation when condition is suitable for; High 0.7 ~ the 2m of plant, complete stool is by cement glandular hairs; Stem is half orthostatic or half climing property, easily lodges, and not etc., the branch ability of stem is not strong for high 0.7 ~ 1.0m or 1.0 ~ 1.3m, and easy raw adventive root on stipes, stem easily lodges, and contacts to earth, and takes root, so tomato cottage propagation more easily survives.
Nursery plays very important effect at tomato breeding time, " Miao Haosan become receive ", and nursery is got well not only on damage by disease and insect, and tomato production is high.But some vegetable growers do not focus on nursery disinfectant measure when nursery, humidity is grasped bad, and cause the insect pest of tomato seedling diseases many, also easy excessive growth, affects flower bud differentiation, causes lopsided flowers and fruits many.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in prior art, the tomato plants that tomato quality is good, malformed fruit is few obtained that a kind of tomato plants quality is good, plant is provided.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of tomato seedling-cultivating method, comprises the following steps: the preparation before (1) sowing: a, seed disinfection and seed soaking; B, seedbed are set up; (2) sow; (3) seedling management: a, seed germination period management; B, point seedling management; C, flower bud differentiation period management: temperature: daytime 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C; Night 15 ~ 17 DEG C; Humidity: the soil humidity around seed, keeps the 60-80% of matrix total moisture content; Illumination: control intensity of illumination 3000-5000 L X in seedling growth greenhouse; Light application time 7-16 hour; Nutrient concentration: the nutrient concentration in matrix is respectively, N:100-500mg/kg, P:120 ~ 200mg/kg; K:200-220mg/kg; CO2 concentration in air: 500-1000 μ L/L concentration; D, seedling stage diseases and pests prevent; (4) hardening.Above-mentioned tomato seedling-cultivating method, except the controling parameters that flower bud differentiation period is mentioned, other management and processing mode all adopt conventional method.The flower bud differentiation of tomato is from the second to three true leaves, terminates to the 9th true leaf, and substantially to when the 7th true leaf, the 1 to 3 Honoka has all broken up and is over; 8 to 11 leaves, the 4 to 6 Spikelet differentiation is complete.If flower bud differentiation is bad, there is malformed flower and malformed fruit in the later stage, and therefore flower bud differentiation in seedling stage obtains fine or not direct decision early yield, for promoting flower bud differentiation.Tomato seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, at flower bud differentiation period, by improving CO2 concentration in intensity of illumination, air, regulate the content of the humidity in matrix, temperature, nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) potassium (K), temperature in light application time and air, to balance nourishing and growing and reproductive growth of tomato plants, plants to obtain tomato fruit, blossoming, joint position is low, flower bud differentiation number is many and longer blooming period, can significantly improve the output of tomato, reduce the probability that deformity occurs tomato flowers and fruits.
As preferred version of the present invention, step (3(c)) in, described intensity of illumination is in the trend increased gradually.
As preferred version of the present invention, in described matrix, the nutrient concentration of N is 250-350mg/kg.
As preferred version of the present invention, in described matrix, the nutrient concentration of P is 150 ~ 170mg/kg.
As preferred version of the present invention, in described matrix, the nutrient concentration of P is 200-210mg/kg.
As preferred version of the present invention, in air, CO2 concentration is 700-800 μ L/L concentration.
compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: tomato seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, at flower bud differentiation period, by improving CO2 concentration in intensity of illumination, air, regulate the content of the humidity in matrix, temperature, nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) potassium (K), temperature in light application time and air, to balance nourishing and growing and reproductive growth of tomato plants, tomato plants survival rate is high, the tomato of plantation, blossoming, joint position is low, flower bud differentiation number is many and longer blooming period, can significantly improve the output of ripe tomato, reduce the probability that deformity occurs tomato flowers and fruits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technology realized based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The tomato seedling-cultivating method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation before sowing:
A, seed disinfection and seed soaking: bask seeds 2 days, then scald with 55 DEG C of warm water and plant 15 minutes, scalds kind of a maintenance temperature and also stir to a direction; Scald after planting, seed is put and soaks seed 6 ~ 8 hours to the clear water of 35 DEG C; And then soak 40 ~ 50 minutes with the trisodium phosphate solution of 10%, then clear water rinses clean seed coat mucus, drains away the water, and dries rear preparation sowing;
B, seedbed are set up:
Nutrition Soil configures: bentonite 7kg, compost 4 kg, chicken manure 1 kg become thoroughly decomposed, pig manure 1 kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and every cubic metre adds 200 grams, rock phosphate, digested tankage 100 grams, seawood meal 80 grams again; Sow the previous moon said components is mixed pile up for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned Nutrition Soil is that the ratio of 2:1 mixes in mass ratio with vermiculite after piling up and becoming thoroughly decomposed, and obtains Tomato substrate; Then rather control (58% first frost MnZn) by speed to sterilize to above-mentioned Tomato substrate by the amount of every cubic metre of medication 0.3 gram;
(2) sow:
During sowing, by 2/3 through sterilization after matrix pave seedbed, do pad soil, then evenly sow seeds, after broadcasting, the matrix lid kind of 1/3, thickness 0.8 ~ 1 centimetre, then with plastic foil by seedbed cover to matrix moisturizing.
(3) seedling management:
A, seed germination phase:
Temperature: keep day temperature 25 DEG C-30 DEG C, the highest 32 DEG C, in time having 1/3 young plant to be unearthed, removed by plastic foil, Qi Miaohou drops to 20 DEG C-25 DEG C temperature;
Humidity: the soil humidity around seed, keeps the 80-90% of matrix total moisture content.
Illumination: in control seedling growth greenhouse, intensity of illumination is lower than 500LX;
Miao Qihou with or many raw (70% Propinebs) 30 grams of happiness add and exempt from Lao Lu (72.2% propamocarb) 20 milliliters and repeatedly seedling is sprayed to 15 kilograms, water, control seedling blight, damping off, early blight.
B, point seedling management:
Prepare Nutrition Soil in advance, join 1 cubic metre of Nutrition Soil land for growing field crops table soil and (remove 5 centimetres, top layer soil, avoid herbicide residue) 65%, the pig manure 35% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, fertile beneficial 8 kilograms, many bacterial manure, many raw (70% Propinebs) 90 grams of happiness, brave strong 500 grams, stir dress alms bowl.
Seedling grow to a leaf wholeheartedly to two leaves wholeheartedly time, a point seedling is carried out to tomato plants; By the solution (diluting 1000 times) of tomato plants heteroauxin with dip in root before point seedling.
Manage after dividing seedling:
Temperature: after point seedling in 3 days, growth of seedling temperature controls in 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C;
After slow seedling, growth of seedling temperature controls in 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C.
Humidity: the soil humidity around seed, keeps the 60-80% of matrix total moisture content.
Illumination: control intensity of illumination 2000-3000 L X in seedling growth greenhouse, intensity of illumination is in the trend increased gradually; Light application time 6-12 hour;
Before point seedling, spray 1 750 times of liquid exempt from Lao Lu (72.2% propamocarb) in order to prevent damping off; After slow seedling, carry out filling root with brave strong 500 times of liquid+spies excellent 500 times of liquid, simultaneously stimulate tomato seedling to take root in order to prevent and treat damping off more.
C, flower bud differentiation period management:
Spray the many 25 grams+Nereid spirits 8 grams of flowers and fruits when 3 ~ 5 true leaves and can promote flower bud differentiation.
Temperature: daytime 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C; Night 15 ~ 17 DEG C;
Humidity: the soil humidity around seed, keeps the 60-80% of matrix total moisture content;
Illumination: control intensity of illumination 3000-5000 L X in seedling growth greenhouse, intensity of illumination is in the trend increased gradually; Light application time 7-16 hour;
Nutrient concentration: the nutrient concentration in matrix for not to be, N:100-500mg/kg, P:120 ~ 200mg/kg; K:200-220mg/kg.CO2 concentration: 500-1000 μ L/L concentration.
D, seedling stage diseases and pests are prevented and treated: insect pest keypoint control trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, liriomyza bryoniae, add 4,0%0,000 spirit 10 grams to the spraying of 15 kilograms, water with 70% Imidacloprid 5 grams.Seedling stage, Major Diseases had virus disease and base rot disease, prevent and treat virus disease will when 3 ~ 4 true leaves with the excellent many boron of 4% Ningnanmycin, 25 milliliters of+Kang Piao zinc, 4 milliliters+dragon lantern 15 milliliters+Nereid spirit 8 grams+honey 100 milliliters to the spraying of 15 kilograms, water; Control base rot disease can first 2 days of field planting with press down fast clean (52.5% Famoxate frost urea cyanogen) 9 grams+can kill 3,000 grams+Nereid spirit 8 grams to 15 kilograms, water spray seedbed.
E, hardening.
After said method nursery, tomato plants survival rate 90%; About seedling age 40-50 days, stem purple, green respectively accounted for half, and 70% band bud, the thick 0.6-1 centimetre of stem, well developed root system, without damage by disease and insect, can be directly used in field planting.
Mid-June, plant above-mentioned tomato plants by common Cultivate administration mode, mature tomato fruit of can gathering (late July) about planting for 1 15th day of a month, picking time extends to mid-November; Than the mode output increased 15% of conveniently flower bud differentiation management, the proportion of the tomato malformed fruit obtained of gathering is less than 3%.
Tomato seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, the tomato plants survival rate obtained is high, well developed root system, it is high that the seedling cultivated plants the tomato fruit output obtained according to a conventional method, and than the mode output increased 15% of conveniently flower bud differentiation management, malformed fruit is few, tomato fruit quality better.
Claims (6)
1. a tomato seedling-cultivating method, comprises the following steps: the preparation before (1) sowing: a, seed disinfection and seed soaking; B, seedbed are set up; (2) sow; (3) seedling management: a, seed germination period management; B, point seedling management; C, flower bud differentiation period management; D, seedling stage diseases and pests prevent; (4) hardening; It is characterized in that:
Step (3(c)) in flower bud differentiation period adopt following management by methods: temperature: daytime 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C; Night 15 ~ 17 DEG C; Humidity: the soil humidity around seed, keeps the 60-80% of matrix total moisture content; Intensity of illumination: control intensity of illumination 3000-5000 LX in seedling growth greenhouse; Light application time 7-16 hour; Nutrient concentration: the nutrient concentration in matrix is respectively, N:100-500mg/kg, P:120 ~ 200mg/kg; K:200-220mg/kg; CO2 concentration in air: 500-1000 μ L/L concentration.
2. tomato seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (3(c)) in, described intensity of illumination is in the trend increased gradually.
3. tomato seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described matrix, the nutrient concentration of N is 250-350mg/kg.
4. tomato seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described matrix, the nutrient concentration of P is 150 ~ 170mg/kg.
5. tomato seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described matrix, the nutrient concentration of P is 200-210mg/kg.
6. the tomato seedling-cultivating method according to Claims 1 to 5 any one, is characterized in that: in air, CO2 concentration is 800 μ L/L concentration.
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| CN201410654144.9A CN104396511A (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2014-11-17 | Tomato seedling breeding technology |
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| CN201410654144.9A CN104396511A (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2014-11-17 | Tomato seedling breeding technology |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660235A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-15 | 赵兰 | Environment control method for raising seedlings of tomatoes in aperture disk |
| CN107371698A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 扬州大学 | A kind of method for cultivating summer tomato strong sprout |
| CN109479638A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-19 | 顺达康（苏州）农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of the muskmelon seedling fostering method and muskmelon seedling of high disease resistance ability |
| CN112293174A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-02-02 | 元谋县蔬菜有限责任公司 | Planting technology for pink tomato |
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| CN103168578A (en) * | 2011-12-24 | 2013-06-26 | 天津市蓟县绿安蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method for tomatoes from germination to transplantation |
| CN103270876A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-04 | 周永珍 | Tomato flower and fruit dropping preventing and managing method |
| CN103931374A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-23 | 大连绿晨果蔬专业合作社 | Protected cultivation method for XinGuang tomatoes |
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| CN103168578A (en) * | 2011-12-24 | 2013-06-26 | 天津市蓟县绿安蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method for tomatoes from germination to transplantation |
| CN103270876A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-04 | 周永珍 | Tomato flower and fruit dropping preventing and managing method |
| CN103931374A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-23 | 大连绿晨果蔬专业合作社 | Protected cultivation method for XinGuang tomatoes |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660235A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-15 | 赵兰 | Environment control method for raising seedlings of tomatoes in aperture disk |
| CN107371698A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 扬州大学 | A kind of method for cultivating summer tomato strong sprout |
| CN109479638A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-19 | 顺达康（苏州）农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of the muskmelon seedling fostering method and muskmelon seedling of high disease resistance ability |
| CN112293174A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-02-02 | 元谋县蔬菜有限责任公司 | Planting technology for pink tomato |
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