CN105766385A - Plant protection method for increasing yield of virus-free potato breeder's stock - Google Patents
Plant protection method for increasing yield of virus-free potato breeder's stock Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant protection method for increasing yield of virus-free potato breeder's stock. The method comprises the steps: (1) constructing production facilities; (2) carrying out environment disinfection; (3) carrying out matrix preparation and pretreatment; (4) carrying out tissue culture seedlings grading and root dipping treatment; (5) carrying out cuttage transplanting; (6) carrying out field management; (7) carrying out water management; (8) carrying out seedling pressing management; (9) carrying out fertilizer application management; and (10) carrying out harvesting and sorting. According to the method, a nutritional rooting agent, which is prepared through mixing 1.25g of Tradecorp, 7.5ml of Feifan, 30g of ANIRAM, 30g of lizhi and 15L of clean water, is used for carrying out root dipping treatment on tissue culture seedlings, optimal water management is implemented according to different requirements of the tissue culture seedlings on moisture at a seedling recovering stage, a potato tuber expanding stage, a small potato harvesting stage and a creeping stem forming stage, and liquid nutritional fertilizers for different growth needs are applied in an irrigation manner after the tissue culture seedlings are planted, so that the reasonable control on growth, sterilization and bacteriostasis is promoted, and the aims of increasing yield and improving quality are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to potato primary stock Cultivating techniques field, particularly relate to a kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield.
Background technology
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is the fourth-largest crops in the world after Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis, Oryza sativa L., do not contain only B group's vitamin such as abundant vitamin B1, B2, B6 and pantothenic acid and substantial amounts of good fiber quality element, possibly together with nutrients such as trace element, aminoacid, protein, fat and high-quality starch, it is the most economical defying age food.China is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi manufacturing country maximum in the world, accounts for the 1/4 of whole world potato planting area.According to statistics, the cultivated area of China Rhizoma Solani tuber osi reaches about 80,000,000 mu, but unscientific implantation methods causes that yield is relatively low, and of poor quality, income is less, seriously hinders the development of Potato Industry.
In recent years, along with the fast development of tissue culture technique, potato seed group training detoxifying fast breeding technique system becomes the state-of-the-art technology solving potato seed sexual involution, improving potato seed breeding coefficient, makes potato yield, quality have being greatly improved and improve.But, virus-free seed potato is numerous to fail generally to set up for system, and the production cost of virus-free seed potato is higher in addition so that virus-free seed potato is relatively low for kind of rate, has thus resulted in the present situation that the market price is high, have impact on the raising of the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi level of production to a great extent.Supplying, in order to solve virus-free seed potato, the problem that kind of rate is low, Chinese patent CN103155845A discloses a kind of high efficiency, low cost potato virus-free plantlet and original silkworm egg production technology, and it first improves root-growing agent (NAA200mg/L+IBA200mg/L+H with CIP3BO335mg/L+ tween 80 4mg/L+95% ethanol 66mL/L) it is stained with coarse gradation after root processes and waters and execute nutritional solution, reach raising detoxic seedling survival rate, promote that knot potato amount and stem block expand, and then improve the purpose of yield, but this report is stained with root process CIP improvement root-growing agent used and is mixed with the chemical substance of simple function, and using ethanol as disinfectant solution disinfection, these chemical substances are not only expensive, bactericidal effect is restricted, and NAA, IBA is based on hestening rooting, there is the problem that function repeats, consumption is difficult to control to, in addition the later stage carries out fertilizing management with nutritional solution, more increase cost of investment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: the cost overcoming above-mentioned existence is high, sterilize, Disinfection Effect is poor, root-growing agent consumption applies fertilizer rough problem after being difficult to control to and planting, a kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield is provided, adopt optimization nutrition root-inducing agent to carry out being stained with root to process, and combine sterilization nutritional solution and carry out fertilizing management, to reach to promote tissue cultured seedling growth, stem block to expand, improve the purpose of yield, quality.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield, including: 1) build production facility, 2) environment disinfected, 3) substrate prepares and pretreatment, 4) tissue cultured seedling classification processes with being stained with root, 5) cuttage is transplanted, 6) field management, 7) water management, 8) pressure Seedling management, 9) fertilizing management, 10) results and sorting, it is characterized in that: described tissue cultured seedling classification processes step 4 with being stained with root) in, before cuttage is transplanted, first according to the height of potato detoxicating tissue cultured seedling stem and rugosity, it is classified as big, in, little three grades of Seedlings, the standard of seedlings is plant height 9～10cm, thick 0.5～the 0.7mm of stem；The standard of middle Seedling is plant height 7～9cm, the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem；The standard of seedling is plant height 4～6cm, the thick 0.5～0.6mm of stem；After classification, carry out being stained with root and process, method particularly includes: detoxic seedling is put in the nutrition root-inducing agent mixed with " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, the beautiful 30g of causing, clear water 15L " and soak 10～15min with root induction.
Described water management step 7) in, for make potato virus-free plantlet quickly, normal growth, form the phase at seedling-slowing stage, potato block expanding stage, micro-potato harvest time, stolon and adopt different water managements, concrete moisture requirement is:
A, seedling-slowing stage: intramatrical water content is maintained at 30～40%, surface is slightly dry, and in cultivating stand, each position humidity is consistent；
B, stolon form the phase: intramatrical water content is maintained at 78～80%, and in cultivating stand, each position humidity is consistent；
C, potato block expanding stage: intramatrical water content is maintained at 70%～80%；
D, micro-potato harvest time: intramatrical water content is maintained at 40～50%, gathers in the crops first 10 days, stops watering.
Described fertilizing management step 9) in, water in the growth stage that potato virus-free plantlet is different and execute different nutritional solutions, to ensure the nutrient supply of detoxic seedling and to adjust growth, concrete fertilizer applications is:
A, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 10th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, phenanthrene model 10ml, Nai Er 20g, Jenner sea 20g, A Erfate 15ml, Amici reach 10ml " mixes and executes；
B, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 17th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 20ml, agate congratulate 20ml, peace cotton spy 15ml " mixes and executes；
C, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 20th day, the nutritional solution that mu mixed with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 350g " waters to be executed；
D, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 24th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Nai Er 50g, worm match dead 30ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " mixes and executes；
E, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 31st day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, agate congratulate 50ml, peace cotton spy 40ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " mixes and executes；
F, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 33rd day, the nutritional solution that mu mixed with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, carbamide 350g " waters to be executed；
G, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 38th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Columba livia Kazakhstan 50ml, earn real 10ml, A Erfate 50ml " mixes and executes；
H, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 45th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, pushes up green 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, agate he 60ml, the beautiful 60g of causing, pacify the people happy 50ml " mixes and executes；
I, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 52nd day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner sea 90g, Nai Er 90g, gold man of great strength 15ml, worm match dead 75ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
J, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 59th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Columba livia breathe out 90ml, peace cotton spy 90ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
K, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 66th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner sea 90g, golden man of great strength 15ml, atropic power 75ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
L. detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 73rd day, mu " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Nai Er 90g, earn real 15ml, worm matches dead 75ml, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " nutritional solution that mixes waters and executes；
M, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 80th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, push up green 7.5g, Columba livia Kazakhstan 90ml, Singapore Li Nongjin man of great strength 15ml, A Erfate 75ml " mixes and executes；
N, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 87th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water leads to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, Jenner sea 90g, earn real 15ml, the beautiful 90g of causing " mixes and executes.
Further, for the kind of period of duration length, described fertilising step I, J, K are repeatable once, it is ensured that the growth time that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is enough.
Know-why and beneficial effect:
Potato virus-free plantlet vulnerable to pollution, thus causing degradation phenomenon under Yield and quality, in order to avoid tissue culture seedling pollution, the present invention adopts environment, substrate to sterilize, and plant, in cuttage, the method that root process is stained with in advance row nutrition root-inducing agent, reach the purpose of sterilization, sterilization on the one hand；Induction tissue cultured seedling is taken root on the other hand, Speedup of reproduction and breeding speed, various nutrient element of having arranged in pairs or groups again, to ensure the supply of tissue cultured seedling growth indispensable element, water after transplanting in conjunction with detoxic seedling by stages and execute liquid nutritional fertilizer, both can meet the nutrient demand of each trophophase of detoxic seedling, can effectively control again its growth.Compared with existing virus-free basic potato seed production method, it has the beneficial effect that
1) adopt the nutrition root-inducing agent that " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, the beautiful 30g of causing, clear water 15L " mixes that detoxic seedling is stained with root to process, on existing root induction basis, mix with compound fertilizer for unit, make gained nutrition root-inducing agent, not only there is efficient sterilization, fungistatic effect, the nutrient that detoxic seedling growth is required can be supplemented again, dramatically speed up rooting rate.
2) detoxic seedling is stained with before root processes, and according to the height of potato detoxicating tissue cultured seedling stem and rugosity by its classification, in order to final-period management, and then reduces labour cost and time in actual mechanical process.
3) after detoxic seedling cuttage plantation, watering proce is divided into " seedling-slowing stage, stolon form phase, potato block expanding stage and micro-potato harvest time " four-stage, and give different moisture Control in each stage, potato virus-free plantlet is made to be in good humidity or moisture environment all the time, effectively facilitate the growth of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and improve survival rate.
4) after detoxic seedling cuttage plantation, according to the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi different growing stages demand to nutrient, apply fertilizer respectively when planting the 10th, 17 days, it is intended to promote tissue cultured seedling quickly slow Seedling, tissue regeneration promoting root, to enter normal growth state, and play the effect preventing disease pest from infecting；The fertilising when planting the 20th day, accelerates the slow Seedling of tissue cultured seedling, takes root, especially small and weak tissue cultured seedling is carried out supplementary fertilizer, to reach the purpose of Qi Miao；When planting the 24th, 31 days to water fertilising potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fertiliser containing magnesium, and combine pressure Seedling management operation, reach to promote the purpose of the formation of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi stolon；Carry out supplementary fertilizer when planting the 33rd day, accelerate tissue cultured seedling growth, especially small and weak tissue cultured seedling is carried out supplementary fertilizer, strengthen the concordance between tissue cultured seedling；When planting the 38th, 45 days, utilize foliage fertilizer to promote the growth of tissue cultured seedling, make tissue cultured seedling seal ridge as early as possible；Use luxuriant and rich with fragrance model when planting the 52nd day, push up green, fertiliser containing magnesium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, reach to increase the photosynthetic efficiency of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, promote expanding of tuber, and make organic centre shift to tuber；The fertilising when planting the 59th, 66 days, promotes the normal growth of potato plant, maintains the rate of photosynthisis of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and makes potato plant overground part stop growing, and organic centre is completely transferred to tuber；The fertilising when planting the 73rd, 80 days, maintains the growth of potato plant, it is prevented that plant senilism, and promotes that potato tubers potato skin is aging, is conducive to results；The fertilising when planting the 87th day, the nutrition in promotion plant is shifted to potato block further, promotes that potato skin is aging, it is prevented that potato skin lesion wound in results, and protects potato block, prevents infecting results front and back pathogenic bacteria.
5) technical solution of the present invention is adopted to produce virus-free basic potato seed, the yield (more than 1g) of every square metre of virus-free basic potato seed reaches 700～900, especially the original silkworm egg ratio of more than 3g reaches more than 70%, it can be seen that, its yield and quality are significantly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is described further, but is not intended to interest field.
Embodiment 1
A kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield, including: 1) build production facility, 2) environment disinfected, 3) substrate prepare and pretreatment, 4) tissue cultured seedling classification be stained with root process, 5) cuttage transplant, 6) field management, 7) water management, 8) pressure Seedling management, 9) fertilizing management, 10) results and sorting, concrete production stage is:
1) production facility is built
1. installation: install fly net, plastic greenhouse film and shade net, it is ensured that fly net is tight, without leak；
2. wholely: in canopy, weeds, leveling, compacting are removed in ground；
3. cultivating stand requires: for ensureing cultivating stand and soil strict separation, it is desirable to its high 1.40m, wide 60cm, underframe is 3 pieces of hollow brick (20cm × 20cm × 20cm), and bed surface is 2 blocks of asbestos shingles of wide 70cm, and at asbestos shingle upper berth black gardening ground cloth.
2) environment disinfected
Plantation detoxic seedling before 5～7 days, spray sterilizing insecticide that mu mixes in order to " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, the happy 90ml that pacifies the people, Jenner sea 90g, the beautiful 90g of causing " once, requirement sprays and uniformly puts in place, spray medicine rear enclosed plastic greenhouse film, temperature of shed is made to raise, continue 2～3 days, kill the various funguses in environment, antibacterial.
3) substrate prepares and pretreatment
1. cultivation matrix: employing Vermiculitum is material, is made the culture medium that thickness is 8cm, and adds 15-15-15 compound fertilizer 100g/m2Substrate, then even with rake rake；
2. water: first 2 days of plantation detoxic seedling, water to irrigating to made substrate；
3. clean culture medium: before plantation, with clear water, the culture medium of tissue cultured seedling root is cleaned.
4) tissue cultured seedling classification processes with being stained with root
1. classification: before cuttage is transplanted, first according to the height of potato detoxicating tissue cultured seedling stem and rugosity, is classified as large, medium and small three grades of Seedlings, and the standard of seedlings is plant height 9～10cm, the thick 0.5～0.7mm of stem；The standard of middle Seedling is plant height 7～9cm, the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem；The standard of seedling is plant height 4～6cm, the thick 0.5～0.6mm of stem；
2. it is stained with root to process: put into by detoxic seedling in the nutrition root-inducing agent mixed with " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, the beautiful 30g of causing, clear water 15L " and soak 10～15min with root induction.
5) cuttage is transplanted
During plantation, first rule on Vermiculitum with rake, the line pulled is ditched with thin plate, pinches the root of tissue cultured seedling with finger, plant in ditch, then Vermiculitum is buried, follow during plantation on tissue cultured seedling neat under uneven principle, facilitate final-period management, the strain of plantation, line-spacing respectively 4cm, 10cm, is every square metre of field planting 250 strain.Planting depth is at 4cm, it is desirable to the root of detoxic seedling is not readily accessible to fertilizer layer, and the degree of depth of plantation is basically identical.
6) field management
1. manage during Small plastic shed: after the plantation of potato tissue culture Seedling, spraying clear water one time, put up Small plastic shed according to temperature, the time putting up Small plastic shed is 5～7 days.During putting up Small plastic shed, mainly temperature treatment, daytime should open Small plastic shed vent in time, time temperature is high at noon, illumination is strong, hides greenhouse sunshade screen, make the temperature in Small plastic shed the highest less than 32 DEG C, put up Small plastic shed mouth in time at dusk, take Small plastic shed completely off first 2 days, time day temperature is high, take Small plastic shed off, allow detoxic seedling adapt to some extent；
2. temperature treatment: open Greenhouse vent daytime in time, or take the plastic sheeting in part greenhouse off, put up sunshade net in time, make high-temperature control at about 30 DEG C；At dusk according to variations in temperature, timely lid plastic sheeting or vent is transferred to suitable size, make nocturnal temperature keep suitable.
7) water management
For make potato virus-free plantlet quickly, normal growth, form the phase at seedling-slowing stage, potato block expanding stage, micro-potato harvest time, stolon and adopt different water managements, concrete moisture requirement is:
A, seedling-slowing stage: take Small plastic shed off, water respectively according to the dry and wet degree of diverse location in each cultivating stand, and carry out in the morning being typically in fine day of watering, after watering, making intramatrical water content be maintained at 30～40%, surface is slightly dry, and in cultivating stand, each position humidity is consistent；
B, stolon form the phase: in pond, water-retention in 1～2 day in advance is to improve water temperature, utilization sprinkling irrigation is watered, speed according to temperature indoor temperature height and moisture evaporation, general 2～3 days once, each 40 minutes～1 hours, for dry position especially easy in each cultivating stand, individually water spray is mended wet, accomplish to make intramatrical water content be maintained at 78～80%, and in cultivating stand, each position humidity is consistent；
C, potato block expanding stage: adopt the mode of watering forming the phase with stolon, make intramatrical water content be maintained at 70%～80%；
D, micro-potato harvest time: according to the dry and wet degree of diverse location in each cultivating stand, water respectively, make intramatrical water content be maintained at 40～50%, gather in the crops first 10 days, stop watering.
8) pressure Seedling management
After taking Small plastic shed off, carrying out 2 pressure Seedlings after height of seedling 15cm (after plantation about 15d), 25cm (after plantation about 25d) respectively, specific practice is: pin the top of tissue cultured seedling with forefinger, in embedment Vermiculitum., every 5～7 days, the root at tissue cultured seedling trains Vermiculitum, thickness about 5 centimetres after pressure Seedling by the symptom of a trend upwards.
9) fertilizing management
Water in the growth stage that potato virus-free plantlet is different and execute different nutritional solutions, to ensure the nutrient supply of detoxic seedling and to adjust growth, particularly as follows:
A, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 10th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, phenanthrene model 10ml, Nai Er 20g, Jenner sea 20g, A Erfate 15ml, Amici reach 10ml " mixes and executes；
B, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 17th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 20ml, agate congratulate 20ml, peace cotton spy 15ml " mixes and executes；
In above twice fertilizer applications, foliage fertilizer phenanthrene model and Si Dekaopu in formula mainly promote tissue cultured seedling quickly slow Seedling, tissue regeneration promoting root so that it is enter normal growth state；And sterilizing insecticide mainly protection tissue cultured seedling healthy growth, it is prevented that disease pest infects.
C, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 20th day, the nutritional solution that mu mixed with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 350g " waters to be executed；
This fertilizer applications is first time a large amount of supplementary fertilizer, mainly accelerates the slow Seedling of tissue cultured seedling, takes root, particularly more small and weak during plantation a part of tissue cultured seedling.
D, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 24th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Nai Er 50g, worm match dead 30ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " mixes and executes；
E, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 31st day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, agate congratulate 50ml, peace cotton spy 40ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " mixes and executes；
In above twice fertilizer applications, use fertiliser containing magnesium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and combine pressure Seedling training Vermiculitum, mainly accelerate tissue cultured seedling healthy growth, promote the formation of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi stolon.
F, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 33rd day, the nutritional solution that mu mixed with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, carbamide 350g " waters to be executed；
This fertilizer applications is second time supplementary fertilizer in a large number, mainly accelerates tissue cultured seedling growth, particularly promotes a part of tissue cultured seedling growth more small and weak when planting, strengthens the concordance between tissue cultured seedling.
G, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 38th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Columba livia Kazakhstan 50ml, earn real 10ml, A Erfate 50ml " mixes and executes；
H, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 45th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, pushes up green 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, agate he 60ml, the beautiful 60g of causing, pacify the people happy 50ml " mixes and executes；
Above twice fertilizer applications promotes the growth of tissue cultured seedling mainly by foliage fertilizer, makes tissue cultured seedling seal ridge as early as possible.
I, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 52nd day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner sea 90g, Nai Er 90g, gold man of great strength 15ml, worm match dead 75ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
In above fertilizer applications, the green photosynthetic efficiency increasing Rhizoma Solani tuber osi of foliage fertilizer phenanthrene model and top, fertiliser containing magnesium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate promote expanding of potato tubers, and pesticide gold man of great strength suppresses the growth of overground part, make organic centre shift to tuber.
J, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 59th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Columba livia breathe out 90ml, peace cotton spy 90ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
K, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 66th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner sea 90g, golden man of great strength 15ml, atropic power 75ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
In above twice fertilizer applications, foliage fertilizer promotes the normal growth of potato plant, maintains the rate of photosynthisis of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, and second time is used gold man of great strength and potato plant overground part is stopped growing, and organic centre is completely transferred to tuber.
L. detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 73rd day, mu " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Nai Er 90g, earn real 15ml, worm matches dead 75ml, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " nutritional solution that mixes waters and executes；
M, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 80th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, push up green 7.5g, Columba livia Kazakhstan 90ml, Singapore Li Nongjin man of great strength 15ml, A Erfate 75ml " mixes and executes；
In above twice fertilizer applications, foliage fertilizer phenanthrene model, Si Dekaopu, the green maintenance potato plant in top growth, it is prevented that plant senilism, earn real and gold man of great strength to use promotion potato tubers potato skin aging, be conducive to results.
N, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 87th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water leads to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, Jenner sea 90g, earn real 15ml, the beautiful 90g of causing " mixes and executes.
In above fertilizer applications, pushing up the green nutrition promoted in plant and shift to potato block further, earn real promotion potato skin aging, it is prevented that potato skin lesion wound in results, Jenner is extra large and beautiful causes then protection potato block, it is prevented that before and after results, pathogenic bacteria infects.
For the kind of period of duration length, described fertilising step I, J, K are repeatable once, it is ensured that the growth time that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is enough.
10) results and sorting,
1. results: the period of duration according to different cultivars, period of duration 7～10d results, gather in the crops first 3～5 days in advance, manually pull out aerial parts plant, select to gather in the crops at fine day.
2. sorting counting: after results, dry in the sun 5～7 days, being sorted according to the weight of original silkworm egg is 7 ranks, is followed successively by below 1g, 1～2g, 2～3g, 3～5g, 5～10g, 10～20g, more than 20g.After sorting, count with counting machine, 1～2g rank often packed 8000,2～3g rank often packed 5000,3～5g often packed 3000,5～10g rank often packed 1500,10～20g rank often packed 1000, more than 20g often packed 500.
Sorted counting, statistics find, every square metre of virus-free basic potato seed yield (more than 1g) reaches 700～900, especially the original silkworm egg proportion of more than 3g reaches more than 70%, it is much higher than in current industry the average level of 400～500, illustrate to adopt technical solution of the present invention to produce virus-free basic potato seed, be remarkably improved yield and the quality of virus-free basic potato seed.
Claims (4)
1. the plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield, including: 1) build production facility, 2) environment disinfected, 3) substrate prepares and pretreatment, 4) tissue cultured seedling classification processes with being stained with root, 5) cuttage is transplanted, 6) field management, 7) water management, 8) pressure Seedling management, 9) fertilizing management, 10) results and sorting, it is characterized in that: described tissue cultured seedling classification processes step 4 with being stained with root) in, before cuttage is transplanted, first according to the height of potato detoxicating tissue cultured seedling stem and rugosity, it is classified as big, in, little three grades of Seedlings, the standard of seedlings is plant height 9～10cm, thick 0.5～the 0.7mm of stem；The standard of middle Seedling is plant height 7～9cm, the thick 0.6～0.8mm of stem；The standard of seedling is plant height 4～6cm, the thick 0.5～0.6mm of stem；After classification, carry out being stained with root and process, method particularly includes: detoxic seedling is put in the nutrition root-inducing agent mixed with " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, the beautiful 30g of causing, clear water 15L " and soak 10～15min with root induction.
2. a kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water management step 7) in, for make potato virus-free plantlet quickly, normal growth, forming the phase at seedling-slowing stage, potato block expanding stage, micro-potato harvest time, stolon and adopt different water managements, concrete moisture requirement is:
A, seedling-slowing stage: intramatrical water content is maintained at 30～40%, surface is slightly dry, and in cultivating stand, each position humidity is consistent；
B, stolon form the phase: intramatrical water content is maintained at 78～80%, and in cultivating stand, each position humidity is consistent；
C, potato block expanding stage: intramatrical water content is maintained at 70%～80%；
D, micro-potato harvest time: intramatrical water content is maintained at 40～50%, gathers in the crops first 10 days, stops watering.
3. a kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fertilizing management step 9) in, water in the growth stage that potato virus-free plantlet is different and execute different nutritional solutions, to ensure the nutrient supply of detoxic seedling and to adjust growth, concrete fertilizer applications is:
A, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 10th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, phenanthrene model 10ml, Nai Er 20g, Jenner sea 20g, A Erfate 15ml, Amici reach 10ml " mixes and executes；
B, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 17th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 20ml, agate congratulate 20ml, peace cotton spy 15ml " mixes and executes；
C, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 20th day, the nutritional solution that mu mixed with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 350g " waters to be executed；
D, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 24th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Nai Er 50g, worm match dead 30ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " mixes and executes；
E, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 31st day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, agate congratulate 50ml, peace cotton spy 40ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " mixes and executes；
F, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 33rd day, the nutritional solution that mu mixed with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, carbamide 350g " waters to be executed；
G, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 38th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Columba livia Kazakhstan 50ml, earn real 10ml, A Erfate 50ml " mixes and executes；
H, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 45th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, pushes up green 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, agate he 60ml, the beautiful 60g of causing, pacify the people happy 50ml " mixes and executes；
I, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 52nd day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner sea 90g, Nai Er 90g, gold man of great strength 15ml, worm match dead 75ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
J, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 59th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Columba livia breathe out 90ml, peace cotton spy 90ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
K, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 66th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner sea 90g, golden man of great strength 15ml, atropic power 75ml, Singapore profit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " mixes and executes；
L. detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 73rd day, mu " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Nai Er 90g, earn real 15ml, worm matches dead 75ml, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " nutritional solution that mixes waters and executes；
M, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 80th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, push up green 7.5g, Columba livia Kazakhstan 90ml, Singapore Li Nongjin man of great strength 15ml, A Erfate 75ml " mixes and executes；
N, detoxic seedling cuttage transplant after the 87th day, mu waters with the nutritional solution that " water 45L, soft water leads to 45ml, pushes up green 7.5g, Jenner sea 90g, earn real 15ml, the beautiful 90g of causing " mixes and executes.
4. a kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: for the kind of period of duration length, described fertilising step I, J, K are repeatable once, it is ensured that the growth time that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is enough.
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| CN112042521A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-08 | 阳山县三连阳生态农林开发有限公司 | Transplanting method for test-tube plantlet of rhizome plant |
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| CN112088764A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-12-18 | 定西马铃薯研究所(普通合伙) | Method for breeding potato breeder seeds by using coconut coir as matrix |
| CN112042521A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-08 | 阳山县三连阳生态农林开发有限公司 | Transplanting method for test-tube plantlet of rhizome plant |
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