CN109566299A - A kind of high yield spinach cultural method - Google Patents

A kind of high yield spinach cultural method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109566299A
CN109566299A CN201811638995.9A CN201811638995A CN109566299A CN 109566299 A CN109566299 A CN 109566299A CN 201811638995 A CN201811638995 A CN 201811638995A CN 109566299 A CN109566299 A CN 109566299A
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parts
spinach
soil
seed
cultural method
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顾永辉
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Yunnan Daxun Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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Yunnan Daxun Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract

The invention belongs to cultivation of fruit tree planting technology fields, disclose a kind of high yield spinach cultural method, include the following steps: that the deep ploughing of (1) milpa applies organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner, spray soil disinfection liquid；(2) it is impregnated, is impregnated in seed-soaking liquid after washing with water, naturally dry, vernalization with salt water after impregnating spinach seed warm water；(3) seed after vernalization is sown into soil, surface covers one layer of pine needle, plastic covering film after sowing；(4) it after planting weeds with a hoe, regular watering, tillage and weeding；Shi Yici organic fertilizer when spinach emerges；Peak of growing season, imposes a special fertilizer in conjunction with watering, carries out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The spinach yield that the present invention plants is high, high-quality, and Vc content is high, and incidence of insect disease is low, bright-colored, sweet succulence, improves fruit-setting rate, has preferable economic benefit.

Description

A kind of high yield spinach cultural method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a kind of high yield spinach cultural method.
Background technique
Spinach also known as Persian dish, red root vegetables, parrot dish etc. belong to Chenopodiaceae spinach category, annual herb plant.Contain in spinach The minerals such as carrotene abundant, protein, vitamin C, calcium, iron, phosphorus also contain a large amount of plant crude fiber, have logical Intestines are led just, prevention and treatment hemorrhoid, beautifying face and moistering lotion, anti-aging, enhancing disease resistance, promotion human metabolism and other effects.
Spinach is tender palatable, full of nutrition, vitamin and mineral element rich in, is a kind of popular nutrition Very high vegetables are worth, the market demand is also increasing.Spinach planting technology at present, there are seed germination rates, and low, seedling survives The many reasons such as rate is low, planting soil is barren, cultivation management is not scientific and disease pest harm is serious, and traditional mode is mostly used greatly Plantation is blindly applied fertilizer, and is largely used chemical fertilizer, pesticide, is caused quality of spinach to decline, nutritional ingredient is low, and production cost constantly rises And yield cannot improve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome drawbacks described above, provide that a kind of yield is high, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, matter Measure high high yield spinach cultural method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high yield spinach cultural method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of land site preparation: select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing Organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner are applied, sprays soil disinfection liquid to milpa within 15-25 days before plantation；
(2) seed treatment: impregnating 8-10h for spinach seed in 20-30 DEG C of water, then impregnates 10-15h with salt water, uses 1-2h is impregnated in seed-soaking liquid after water cleaning, naturally dry, vernalization 3-5 days under conditions of 20-25 DEG C, every 7-8h sprinkling nutrition Liquid is primary；Wherein the seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, Flos Lonicerae extractive solution 20- 30 parts, 15-25 parts of peppermint extracting solution, 10-20 parts of sugar-cane juice, 5-10 parts of methyl jasmonate, 3-8 parts of indolebutyric acid；
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed after vernalization 4-5 days is sown into soil, and application rate is 6-8kg/ mus, and surface covers one layer Pine needle, plastic covering film after sowing；
(4) field management: after planting weeding with a hoe, regular watering, every 10-20 days tillage and weedings；Spinach emergence When Shi Yici organic fertilizer, per acre dose be 100-150 kilograms；Peak of growing season, imposes a special fertilizer in conjunction with watering, carries out disease Pest control.
Preferably, step (1) organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner weight ratio be 100-150: 30-40:20-30:1。
Preferably, step (1) described soil conditioner is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of peat soil, sawdust 30-40 parts, 30-40 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 20-30 parts of lemon dregs, 10-15 parts of cyclodextrin, 5-10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, bacteriostatic agent 3- 8 parts.
Preferably, step (1) the soil disinfection liquid by limewash, gingerade, Chinese medicine extract, carbendazim by volume For 10-15:5-10:1-3:1 composition.
Preferably, step (2) described seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 25 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, honeysuckle 20 parts of extracting solution, 20 parts of peppermint extracting solution, 15 parts of sugar-cane juice, 8 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5 parts of indolebutyric acid.
Preferably, step (2) described nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: molasses fermented liquid 5-10 parts, alginic acid 4-8 parts of sodium, 3-6 parts of amino acid, 2-4 parts of sodium molybdate, 1-2 parts of gibberellin.
Preferably, step (4) described organic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: fermentation bacteria residue 50-80 parts, birds droppings 40- 60 parts, 40-50 parts of conch meal, 20-30 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Chinese medicine slag 10-15 Part, 5-10 parts of microelement, 4-8 parts of water-retaining agent.
Preferably, step (4) described special fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, potassium humate 15- 20 parts, 10-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-10 parts of manganese sulfate, 4-8 parts of boric acid, 3-5 parts of rare-earth salts.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) high yield spinach cultural method of the present invention carries out disinfection processing to milpa, milpa depth organic fertilizer, biology Charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner carry out organic improving, increase soil fertility, and enhance the gas permeability of soil, improve soil sterilization deinsectization Ability reduces the generation of spinach pest and disease damage from the root.
(2) present invention carries out immersion treatment to spinach seed, improves the germination rate of spinach seed, enhances exempting from for spinach seed Epidemic disease power avoids influence of the pest and disease damage to spinach seedling, improves the survival rate of spinach seedling, shortens the growth cycle of spinach seedling, So that spinach is shifted to an earlier date mature listing, improves the economic value of spinach；And invention seed-soaking liquid uses natural traditional Chinese medicine ingredient, is free of antibiosis Element reduces the incidence of pest and disease damage in cultivation, effectively reduces pesticide dosage then by control water and fertilizer management.
(3) present invention application soil conditioner, improves the microelement ratio of soil, change soil texture, fluffy soil, Retain water and nutrients；Spray nutritious liquor after spinach budding, nutrient needed for meeting spinach growth accelerate the speed of growth of spinach, Improve the yield and quality of spinach.
(4) using the spinach of cultural method of the present invention plantation, percentage of seedgermination reaches 99% or more, and yield is high, increases per acre 33.5%-43% is produced, bright-colored, quality is high, and nutrition content is high, and the spinach diseases and insect pests resistance planted is strong, plantation It is not necessarily to spraying pesticide in the process, reduces pollution by pesticides, improves spinach quality.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below.It should be noted that for these implementations The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but and does not constitute a limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below Technical characteristic involved in each embodiment can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high yield spinach cultural method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of land site preparation: select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing Application weight ratio is 100:30:20:1 organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner, and wherein soil conditioner by weighing as follows Measure the raw material composition of part: 40 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of sawdust, 30 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 20 parts of lemon dregs, 10 parts of cyclodextrin, carboxymethyl is fine 5 parts, 3 parts of bacteriostatic agent of dimension element；Plantation sprays soil disinfection liquid to milpa in first 15 days, and wherein soil disinfection liquid is by limewash, life Jiang Shui, Chinese medicine extract, carbendazim are 10:5:1:1 composition by volume；
(2) seed treatment: impregnating 10h in 20 DEG C of water for spinach seed, then 10h is impregnated with salt water, after washing with water Impregnate 2h in seed-soaking liquid, naturally dry is primary every 7h sprinkling nutrient solution vernalization 5 days under conditions of 20 DEG C；Wherein seed-soaking liquid Raw material including following parts by weight: 20 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, 20 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 15 parts of peppermint extracting solution, sugar-cane juice 10 parts, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 3 parts of indolebutyric acid；Wherein nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 4 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of amino acid, 2 parts of sodium molybdate, 1 part of gibberellin；
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed after vernalization 4-5 days is sown into soil, and application rate is 6kg/ mus, and surface covers one layer of pine Needle, plastic covering film after sowing；
(4) field management: after planting weeding with a hoe, regular watering, every 10-20 days tillage and weedings；Spinach emergence When Shi Yici organic fertilizer, wherein organic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: fermentation 50 parts of bacteria residue, 40 parts of birds droppings, conch meal 40 Part, 20 parts of urea, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 5 parts of microelement, 4 parts of water-retaining agent；Per acre Dose is 100 kilograms；Peak of growing season, imposes a special fertilizer in conjunction with watering, and wherein special fertilizer includes the original of following parts by weight Material: 20 parts of urea, 15 parts of potassium humate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of manganese sulfate, 4 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of rare-earth salts；It is anti-to carry out pest and disease damage It controls.
Embodiment 2
(1) selection of land site preparation: select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing Application weight ratio is 120:30:25:1 organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner, and wherein soil conditioner by weighing as follows Measure the raw material composition of part: 50 parts of peat soil, 40 parts of sawdust, 35 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 25 parts of lemon dregs, 12 parts of cyclodextrin, carboxymethyl is fine 8 parts, 5 parts of bacteriostatic agent of dimension element；Plantation sprays soil disinfection liquid to milpa in first 20 days, and wherein soil disinfection liquid is by limewash, life Jiang Shui, Chinese medicine extract, carbendazim are 12:8:2:1 composition by volume；
(2) seed treatment: impregnating 9h in 25 DEG C of water for spinach seed, then with salt water impregnate 12h, after washing with water Impregnate 1.5h in seed-soaking liquid, naturally dry is primary every 7-8h sprinkling nutrient solution vernalization 4 days under conditions of 23 DEG C；It is wherein described Seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 25 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, 20 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 20 parts of peppermint extracting solution, 15 parts of sugar-cane juice, 8 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5 parts of indolebutyric acid；Wherein nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: molasses fermented 8 parts of liquid, 5 parts of sodium alginate, 4 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of sodium molybdate, 1 part of gibberellin；
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed after vernalization 4-5 days is sown into soil, and application rate is 7kg/ mus, and surface covers one layer of pine Needle, plastic covering film after sowing；
(4) field management: after planting weeding with a hoe, regular watering, every 10-20 days tillage and weedings；Spinach emergence When Shi Yici organic fertilizer, wherein organic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: fermentation 70 parts of bacteria residue, 50 parts of birds droppings, conch meal 45 Part, 25 parts of urea, 18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 8 parts of microelement, 5 parts of water-retaining agent；Per acre Dose is 120 kg；Peak of growing season, imposes a special fertilizer in conjunction with watering, and wherein special fertilizer includes the original of following parts by weight Material: 25 parts of urea, 18 parts of potassium humate, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of manganese sulfate, 6 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of rare-earth salts；It is anti-to carry out pest and disease damage It controls.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high yield spinach cultural method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of land site preparation: select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing Application weight ratio is 150:40:30:1 organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner, and wherein soil conditioner by weighing as follows Measure the raw material composition of part: 60 parts of peat soil, 40 parts of sawdust, 40 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 30 parts of lemon dregs, 15 parts of cyclodextrin, carboxymethyl is fine 10 parts, 8 parts of bacteriostatic agent of dimension element；Soil disinfection liquid is sprayed to milpa within 15-25 days before plantation, wherein soil disinfection liquid is by lime Water, gingerade, Chinese medicine extract, carbendazim are 15:10:3:1 composition by volume；
(2) seed treatment: impregnating 8h in 30 DEG C of water for spinach seed, then with salt water impregnate 15h, after washing with water Impregnate 1h in seed-soaking liquid, naturally dry is primary every 7h sprinkling nutrient solution vernalization 3 days under conditions of 25 DEG C；The wherein seed soaking Liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 30 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, 30 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 25 parts of peppermint extracting solution, sugarcane 20 parts of juice, 10 parts of methyl jasmonate, 8 parts of indolebutyric acid；Wherein nutrient solution includes the raw material of following parts by weight: molasses fermented liquid 10 Part, 8 parts of sodium alginate, 6 parts of amino acid, 4 parts of sodium molybdate, 2 parts of gibberellin；
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed after vernalization 4-5 days is sown into soil, and application rate is 8kg/ mus, and surface covers one layer of pine Needle, plastic covering film after sowing；
(4) field management: after planting weeding with a hoe, regular watering, every 20 days tillage and weedings；Spinach is applied when emerging Organic fertilizer, wherein organic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 80 parts of bacteria residue of fermentation, 60 parts of birds droppings, 50 parts of conch meal, urine Plain 30 parts, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 10 parts of microelement, 8 parts of water-retaining agent；It applies fertilizer per acre Amount is 150 kilograms；Peak of growing season, imposes a special fertilizer in conjunction with watering, and wherein special fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: urine Plain 30 parts, 20 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of manganese sulfate, 8 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of rare-earth salts；Carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
The implantation methods of embodiment 1-3 are tested, control group be existing spinach implantation methods, comparative example with Yield, quality, the nutritional ingredient, disease incidence of the spinach of control group plantation, specific test data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
It can be obtained from 1 data of table, the spinach per mu yield using implantation methods of the present invention plantation is high, increases production 33.5%-43%, kind Sub- germination percentage is high, and disease incidence is low, and the spinach of plantation is high-quality, and color is bud green, and Vc content is high.
The above are present pre-ferred embodiments, it is only applicable to the principle for helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention；Meanwhile for this The those skilled in the art in field, according to the present embodiment, there will be changes in terms of specific embodiments and scope of application, comprehensive Upper described, the contents of this specification are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of high yield spinach cultural method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) selection of land site preparation: select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing applies Organic fertilizer, charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner spray soil disinfection liquid to milpa in 15-25 days before plantation；
(2) seed treatment: impregnating 8-10h for spinach seed in 20-30 DEG C of water, then impregnates 10-15h with salt water, clear with water Impregnate 1-2h after washing in seed-soaking liquid, naturally dry sprays nutrient solution one every 7-8h vernalization 3-5 days under conditions of 20-25 DEG C It is secondary；Wherein the seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, Flos Lonicerae extractive solution 20-30 Part, 15-25 parts of peppermint extracting solution, 10-20 parts of sugar-cane juice, 5-10 parts of methyl jasmonate, 3-8 parts of indolebutyric acid；
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed after vernalization 4-5 days is sown into soil, and application rate is 6-8kg/ mus, and surface covers one layer of pine needle Leaf, plastic covering film after sowing；
(4) field management: after planting weeding with a hoe, regular watering, every 10-20 days tillage and weedings；Spinach is applied when emerging Organic fertilizer, dose is 100-150 kilograms per acre；Peak of growing season, imposes a special fertilizer in conjunction with watering, carries out pest and disease damage Prevention and treatment.
2. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (1) organic fertilizer, biology Charcoal, flyash, soil conditioner weight ratio be 100-150:30-40:20-30:1.
3. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (1) soil conditioner by The raw material composition of following parts by weight: 40-60 parts of peat soil, 30-40 parts of sawdust, 30-40 parts of ostreae testa pulverata, 20-30 parts of lemon dregs, ring 10-15 parts of dextrin, 5-10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3-8 parts of bacteriostatic agent.
4. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (1) the soil disinfection liquid by Limewash, gingerade, Chinese medicine extract, carbendazim are 10-15:5-10:1-3:1 composition by volume.
5. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) seed-soaking liquid includes such as The raw material of lower parts by weight: 25 parts of Herba Houttuyniae extract, 20 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 20 parts of peppermint extracting solution, 15 parts of sugar-cane juice, jasmine 8 parts of jasmine acid methyl esters, 5 parts of indolebutyric acid.
6. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) nutrient solution includes such as The raw material of lower parts by weight: molasses fermented liquid 5-10 parts, 4-8 parts of sodium alginate, 3-6 parts of amino acid, 2-4 parts of sodium molybdate, gibberellin 1-2 parts.
7. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4) organic fertilizer includes such as The raw material of lower parts by weight: fermentation bacteria residue 50-80 parts, 40-60 parts of birds droppings, 40-50 parts of conch meal, 20-30 parts of urea, calcium superphosphate 15-20 parts, 15-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 5-10 parts of microelement, 4-8 parts of water-retaining agent.
8. high yield spinach cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4) special fertilizer includes such as The raw material of lower parts by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of potassium humate, 10-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-10 parts of manganese sulfate, boric acid 4-8 Part, 3-5 parts of rare-earth salts.
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CN111657083A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-15 云南宝田农业科技有限公司 Light-agriculture-integrated ecological paris polyphylla planting mode
CN111713205A (en) * 2020-06-18 2020-09-29 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 Lodging-resistant planting method for wood skin
CN112740977A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-04 深圳市鸿霖农业开发有限公司 Environment-friendly ridging technology

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CN107711349A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-23 桐梓县佳隆种植专业合作社 A kind of spinach implantation methods
CN107926540A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-04-20 广西博白县玫盛家庭农场 A kind of cultural method of ferrum-rich spinach

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CN105493820A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-04-20 安徽省康之源农业科技有限公司 Planting method for autumn Spinacia oleracea L.
CN106386106A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 马山盛世生态种养专业合作社 Planting method for improving nutritive value of spinach
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CN110199753A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-09-06 宜宾市南溪区陆零农业发展有限责任公司 A kind of nuisanceless Chinese prickly ash implantation methods of green ecological
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CN111657083A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-15 云南宝田农业科技有限公司 Light-agriculture-integrated ecological paris polyphylla planting mode
CN112740977A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-04 深圳市鸿霖农业开发有限公司 Environment-friendly ridging technology

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Application publication date: 20190405