CN109997628A - A kind of high yield strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of high yield strawberry cultivation method, includes the following steps: that (1) is selected the sub- seedling of cuttage and is dipped in soak, the sub- seedling of cuttage is taken out, naturally dry；(2) select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing applies organic fertilizer, charcoal, fertile soil, sprays soil disinfection liquid to milpa within 15-25 days before plantation；By the wide 180-200cm of furrow, bedding leveling of ditching；It (3) is 15-20cm by spacing in the rows, line-spacing 30-40cm is colonized, and mulch is completed after field planting；It pours and applies as root water, moisturizing, heat preservation, shading 7-8 days；(4) top dressing is carried out after being colonized, is watered, tillage and weeding；In strawberry florescence, young fruit period, fruit expanding period liquid fertilizer sprayed；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out in strawberry peak of growing season.The yield of strawberry that the present invention plants is high, and high-quality, incidence of insect disease is low, has preferable economic benefit.

Description

A kind of high-yield strawberry cultivation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit planting, and particularly relates to a high-yield strawberry cultivation method.

Background technique

Strawberry, the general name of the Rosaceae Strawberry genus, is a perennial herb. The appearance of strawberries is heart-shaped, fragrant and juicy, sweet and sour, rich in nutrients, and contains a lot of vitamin C, which can help digestion, freshen breath, and moisten the throat; the carotene contained in strawberries has the effect of improving eyesight and nourishing the liver; strawberries It also has a certain nourishing and conditioning effect on the gastrointestinal tract and anemia. In addition, strawberries are rich in antioxidants, which can inhibit the formation of melanin and freckles and dark spots in the human body. It is a natural beauty care product.

At present, the technology of greenhouse cultivation has achieved the effect of cultivating strawberries in off-season. However, basically all of them are cultivated after raising seedlings from seeds, which is equivalent to using the natural growth cycle of strawberries, and the required cultivation time is also longer, and due to Irregular cultivation management, misuse of fertilizers, pesticides, and outdated cultivation methods such as continuous cropping for many years have resulted in serious pests and diseases, high rate of dead seedlings, low yield or no harvest. Therefore, in order to meet the public's demand for safe strawberries and pursue low cost, high quality and high efficiency, it is necessary to develop a green, ecological and environmentally friendly high-yield strawberry cultivation method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects and provide a high-yield strawberry cultivation method with high yield, strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, and high quality.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is:

A high-yield strawberry cultivation method, comprising the steps:

(1) seedling treatment: select the healthy and well-grown seedlings that the mother plant grows and separate from the mother, as the cutting seedlings, soak in the soaking liquid, after soaking for 30-50min, the cuttings seedlings are taken out, Natural drying; wherein the soaking liquid includes the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of wormwood extract, 20-30 parts of honeysuckle extract, 15-25 parts of fulvic acid, 6-12 parts of aspartic acid, 3-8 parts of multivitamins, 0.3-1 parts of gibberellin, 0.1-0.5 parts of indole acetic acid;

(2) Seedbed selection: Choose a slightly acidic soil with sufficient sunlight, good drainage and fertile soil as the cultivation site, and apply organic fertilizer, biochar, and humus soil to the cultivation site, and spray soil disinfectant to the cultivation site 15-25 days before planting ; According to the width of the border 180-200cm, ditch for border leveling;

(3) planting of seedlings: according to the spacing between plants, it is 15-20cm, and the row spacing is 30-40cm, and the planting is carried out. After the planting, a plastic film is laid;

(4) Field management: top dressing after planting, regular watering, and weeding every 10-20 days; control the temperature of the greenhouse, the temperature in the daytime is controlled at 22-26 °C, the temperature at night is controlled at 6-8 °C, and the humidity in the greenhouse is controlled to be 60-80%; spray liquid fertilizer in strawberry flowering stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage; carry out pest control in strawberry growing period.

Preferably, the soaking solution in step (1) includes the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of wormwood extract, 20 parts of honeysuckle extract, 20 parts of fulvic acid, 10 parts of aspartic acid, 5 parts of multivitamins, 0.5 part of mycin and 0.1 part of indole acetic acid.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer, biochar, and humus described in step (2) is 10-15:1:2-3.

Preferably, the soil disinfectant described in step (2) is composed of wood vinegar, potassium permanganate, Bordeaux mixture, and water in a weight ratio of 10:1:1:100.

Preferably, the top dressing in step (4) includes the following raw materials by weight: 50-80 parts of fermented bacterial residue, 40-60 parts of bean cake, 40-50 parts of fish bone meal, 30-40 parts of humus, and 20-30 parts of urea. parts, 15-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium humate, 10-15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, and 5-10 parts of trace elements.

Preferably, the liquid fertilizer described in step (4) includes the following raw materials by weight: 15-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-6 parts of manganese sulfate, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 3-5 parts of borax 5 parts, 1-3 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of rare earth salt.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention performs soaking treatment on strawberry seedlings, which can effectively eliminate the harmful pathogens parasitic in the cuttings seedlings, and improve the rooting and germination rate.

(2) the high-yield strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, carries out disinfection treatment to the cultivation ground, deeply applies organic fertilizer, biochar, and humus to the cultivation ground to carry out organic improvement, improves soil fertility, enhances soil air permeability, and improves soil sterilization and deworming ability, Reduce the occurrence of strawberry diseases and insect pests from the root.

(3) in the cultivation process of the present invention, by controlling light, humidity and temperature, a nutrient-rich and suitable growth environment is provided for the growth of seedlings, and special liquid fertilizer is sprayed at the strawberry flowering stage, young fruit stage, and fruit expansion stage simultaneously to meet the requirements of strawberry. The nutritional requirements of growth, effectively improve the nutrient content of strawberries,

(4) the strawberry planted by the cultivation method of the present invention has high yield, increased yield per mu by 21%-26%, the planted strawberry has bright red color, sweet and sour taste, large size, high nutrient content, and the planted strawberry has strong resistance to diseases and insect pests , There is no need to spray pesticides during the planting process, and the planted strawberries are green and pollution-free.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted here that the descriptions of these embodiments are used to help the understanding of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example 1

A high-yield strawberry cultivation method, comprising the steps:

(1) seedling treatment: select the healthy and well-grown seedlings that the mother plant grows and separate from the mother, as the cutting seedlings, soak in the soaking liquid, after soaking for 30-50min, the cuttings seedlings are taken out, Natural drying; wherein the seed soaking liquid includes the following raw materials by weight: 20 parts of wormwood extract, 20 parts of honeysuckle extract, 15 parts of fulvic acid, 6 parts of aspartic acid, 3 parts of multivitamin, gibberellin 0.3 part, 0.1 part of indole acetic acid;

(2) Seedbed selection: Choose a slightly acidic soil with sufficient sunlight, good drainage and fertile soil as the cultivation site, and apply organic fertilizer, biochar, and humus with a weight ratio of 10:1:2 for deep ploughing. Before planting, 15-25 The soil disinfectant is sprayed on the cultivation ground; according to the width of the border of 180-200cm, the furrow is ditched and the border is leveled;

(3) Planting of seedlings: according to the spacing between plants, it is 15-20cm, and the row spacing is 30-40cm. Planting is carried out. After the planting, a plastic film is laid;

(4) field management: topdressing is carried out after the field planting, watering regularly, and weeding is carried out by cultivating and weeding every 10-20 days; wherein the topdressing comprises the following raw materials by weight: 50 parts of fermented bacteria residues, 40 parts of bean cakes, 40 parts of fish bone meal, humus 30 parts of soil, 20 parts of urea, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 parts of potassium humate, 10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, and 5 parts of trace elements; control the temperature of the greenhouse, the temperature in the daytime is controlled at 22 °C, and the temperature at night is controlled at 6 °C. The humidity of the greenhouse is 60%; liquid fertilizer is sprayed in the strawberry flowering stage, young fruit stage, and fruit expansion stage; wherein the liquid fertilizer includes the following raw materials by weight: 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfate, and zinc sulfate 3 parts, 3 parts of borax, 1 part of multivitamins, 1 part of rare earth salt; pest control should be carried out during the peak growth period of strawberries.

Example 2

A high-yield strawberry cultivation method, comprising the steps:

(1) seedling treatment: select the healthy and well-grown seedlings that the mother plant grows and separate from the mother, as the cutting seedlings, soak in the soaking liquid, after soaking for 30-50min, the cuttings seedlings are taken out, Natural drying; wherein the seed soaking liquid includes the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of wormwood extract, 20 parts of honeysuckle extract, 20 parts of fulvic acid, 10 parts of aspartic acid, 5 parts of multivitamins, gibberellin 0.5 part, 0.1 part of indole acetic acid;

(2) Seedbed selection: Choose a slightly acidic soil with sufficient sunlight, good drainage and fertile soil as the cultivation site, and apply organic fertilizer, biochar, and humus with a weight ratio of 12:1:2 for deep ploughing. Before planting, 15-25 The soil disinfectant is sprayed on the cultivation ground; according to the width of the border of 180-200cm, the furrow is ditched and the border is leveled;

(3) Planting of seedlings: according to the spacing between plants, it is 15-20cm, and the row spacing is 30-40cm. Planting is carried out. After the planting, a plastic film is laid;

(4) field management: carry out top dressing after the field planting, water regularly, and weed weeds by cultivating every 10-20 days; wherein the top dressing includes the following raw materials by weight: 60 parts of fermented bacteria residues, 50 parts of bean cakes, 45 parts of fish bone meal, humus 35 parts of soil, 25 parts of urea, 18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 parts of potassium humate, 12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, and 8 parts of trace elements; control the temperature of the greenhouse, the temperature in the daytime is controlled at 24 ℃, and the temperature at night is controlled at 7 ℃. The humidity of the greenhouse is 70%; liquid fertilizer is sprayed in strawberry flowering stage, young fruit stage, and fruit expansion stage; wherein the liquid fertilizer includes the following raw materials by weight: 18 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate 4 parts, 3 parts of borax, 2 parts of multivitamins, 2 parts of rare earth salts; pest control should be carried out during the peak growth period of strawberries.

Example 3

A high-yield strawberry cultivation method, comprising the steps:

(1) seedling treatment: select the healthy and well-grown seedlings that the mother plant grows and separate from the mother, as the cutting seedlings, soak in the soaking liquid, after soaking for 30-50min, the cuttings seedlings are taken out, Natural drying; wherein the seed soaking liquid includes the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of wormwood extract, 30 parts of honeysuckle extract, 25 parts of fulvic acid, 12 parts of aspartic acid, 8 parts of multivitamins, gibberellin 1 part, 0.5 part of indole acetic acid;

(2) Seedbed selection: Choose a slightly acidic soil with sufficient sunlight, good drainage and fertile soil as the cultivation site, and apply organic fertilizer, biochar, and humus with a weight ratio of 15:1:3 for deep ploughing. Before planting, 15-25 The soil disinfectant is sprayed on the cultivation ground; according to the width of the border of 180-200cm, the furrow is ditched and the border is leveled;

(3) Planting of seedlings: according to the spacing between plants, it is 15-20cm, and the row spacing is 30-40cm. Planting is carried out. After the planting, a plastic film is laid;

(4) field management: topdressing is carried out after the field planting, watering regularly, and cultivating and weeding every 10-20 days; wherein the topdressing comprises the following raw materials by weight: 80 parts of fermented bacteria residues, 60 parts of bean cakes, 50 parts of fish bone meal, humus 40 parts of soil, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, and 10 parts of trace elements; control the temperature of the greenhouse, the temperature in the daytime is controlled at 26 ℃, and the temperature at night is controlled at 8 ℃. The humidity of the greenhouse is 80%; liquid fertilizer is sprayed in strawberry flowering stage, young fruit stage, and fruit expansion stage; wherein the liquid fertilizer includes the following raw materials by weight: 20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate 5 parts, 5 parts of borax, 3 parts of multivitamins, 3 parts of rare earth salts; pest control should be carried out during the peak growth period of strawberries.

The planting methods of Examples 1-3 were tested, and the control group was the planting method of existing strawberries. The yield, germination rate, nutritional components, and morbidity rates of the strawberries planted in the comparative example and the control group were shown in Table 1 for specific test data.

Table 1

As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the strawberry per mu yield of the strawberry planted by the planting method of the present invention is high, the yield is increased by 21%-26%, the seed germination rate is high, the incidence rate is low, and the planted strawberry has good quality and bright red color.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to this embodiment, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. , to sum up, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of high yield strawberry cultivation method, which comprises the steps of:

(1) seedling process: selecting the maternal plant health not yet taken root grown, the sub- seedling to grow fine is separated with parent, as skewer Sub- seedling is inserted, is soaked in soak, after impregnating 30-50min, the sub- seedling of cuttage is taken out, naturally dry；The wherein soak packet Include the raw material of following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of wormwood extracting solution, 20-30 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 15-25 parts of fulvic acid, lucid asparagus 6-12 parts of propylhomoserin, 3-8 parts of multi-vitamins, 0.3-1 parts of gibberellin, 0.1-0.5 parts of heteroauxin；

(2) seedbed selects: select sunny, excellent drainage, fertile soil subacidity soil as milpa, deep ploughing applies Organic fertilizer, charcoal, fertile soil spray soil disinfection liquid to milpa in 15-25 days before plantation；By the wide 180-200cm of furrow, trench digging Bedding leveling；

(3) Seeding planting: being 15-20cm by spacing in the rows, and line-spacing 30-40cm is colonized, and mulch is completed after field planting；It is poured as root water It applies, moisturizing, heat preservation, shading 7-8 days；

(4) top dressing, regular watering, every 10-20 days tillage and weedings field management: are carried out after field planting；Control greenhouse temperature, daytime At 22-26 DEG C, evening temperature is controlled at 6-8 DEG C for temperature control, and control greenhouse humidity is 60-80%；In strawberry florescence, young fruit Phase, fruit expanding period liquid fertilizer sprayed；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out in strawberry peak of growing season.

2. high yield strawberry cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (1) soak includes such as The raw material of lower parts by weight: 30 parts of wormwood extracting solution, 20 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 20 parts of fulvic acid, 10 parts of asparatate, compound 5 parts of vitamin, 0.5 part of gibberellin, 0.1 part of heteroauxin.

3. high yield strawberry cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) organic fertilizer, biology Charcoal, weight ratio humous are 10-15:1:2-3.

4. high yield strawberry cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) the soil disinfection liquid by Wood vinegar, potassium permanganate, Bordeaux mixture, water are 10:1:1:100 composition by weight.

5. high yield strawberry cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4) top dressing includes as follows The raw material of parts by weight: fermentation bacteria residue 50-80 parts, 40-60 parts of soya-bean cake, 40-50 parts of fishbone dust, 30-40 parts of fertile soil, urea 20- 30 parts, 15-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium humate, 10-15 parts of Chinese medicine slag, 5-10 parts of microelement.

6. high yield strawberry cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (4) liquid fertilizer includes as follows The raw material of parts by weight: 15-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-6 parts of manganese sulfate, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, borax 3-5 Part, 1-3 parts of multi-vitamins, 1-3 parts of rare-earth salts.