CN106234310A - A kind of method of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of method of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis, belong to agricultural pests field of biological control, including the plantation of host plant and cultivation, inoculation and the breeding of tetranychid, inoculation and the breeding of Phyloseiulus nersimilis, the gathering and storing of Phyloseiulus nersimilis, host plant uses Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling, and tetranychid is the mixed population of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Tetranychus urticae.This method is 30 40 days with the time of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis, and more equal leaf area Kidney bean Seedling breeding method repoductive time shortens 40%, and greenhouse utilization ratio promotes.

Description

A kind of method for efficiently propagating Phytoseiid militaris Chile

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of industrial production of beneficial insects and biological control of agricultural pests, and relates to the propagation of Phytoseiid militaris, in particular to a method for efficiently propagating Phytoseioid militaris.

Background technique

Phytoseiid militaris is a predatory natural enemy of spider mites, and is widely used in the control of greenhouse spider mites. Spider mites harm a variety of vegetables, including eggplant, peppers, strawberries, beans, melons, etc., and use adult mites and nymphs to suck the juice of the host on the back of the leaves. Large areas of off-white spots appear on the damaged leaves, which affect the photosynthesis of the plant. In severe cases, the leaves dry up and fall off, and even the whole plant dies. Because spider mites reproduce quickly, they are prone to produce resistance, which brings difficulties to control. The use of phytoseiid mites to control spider mites is not only effective, but also avoids the side effects of pesticide control. To carry out large-scale application, it is necessary to realize large-scale reproduction first. At present, the method of breeding Phytoseiillus militaris mostly uses legume plants to reproduce Tetranychus mites, and then uses Tetranychus mites to propagate Phytoseiillus militaris. There are problems such as long cultivation time of host plants, low ambient temperature and humidity requirements, and weak insect resistance and disease resistance, resulting in low reproduction efficiency and high cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of long cultivation time of host plants, low ambient temperature and humidity requirements, weak insect resistance and disease resistance, etc., and provide a method for efficiently propagating Phytoseiid militaris with sweet potato seedlings.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for realizing its purpose is:

A method for efficiently propagating Phytoseioid militaris, comprising planting and culturing of host plants, inoculation and propagation of spider mites, inoculation and propagation of Phytoseiillus militaris, harvesting and storage of Phytoseioid militaris, host plant Sweet potato cuttings were used, and the spider mites were a mixed population of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Tetranychus urticae.

The planting and cultivation of host plants include: putting potting soil in a nutrient bowl, planting 1 sweet potato tuber in each nutrient bowl, watering once every 2-3 days, and cutting off the seedlings and cuttings when the potato seedlings grow to 9-11cm In another nutrient pot, insert 2-4 roots evenly in each pot, and pour chemical fertilizer water once after new roots grow, to cultivate sweet potato cutting seedlings.

The potting soil comprises the following components in terms of parts by volume, 55-65 parts of peat, 15-25 parts of vermiculite and 15-25 parts of perlite. Through the combination of peat, vermiculite, and perlite, the interaction between them, and the proportion control of the three, the prepared nutrient soil is rich in organic matter, has good air permeability and drainage, and promotes rapid rooting and growth of seedlings. Avoid root rot.

During the planting and cultivation of the host plant, the temperature is controlled at 20-35°C and the humidity is 50-85%.

The inoculation and reproduction of spider mites include: moving the sweet potato cutting seedlings cultivated in pots into the spider mite breeding room, inoculating 6-9 pieces of leaves with mites into the nutrition pots evenly inserted with 2-4 sweet potato cutting seedlings, and inoculating 200- 300 heads, each carrier leaf is torn into 2-3 strips, after the spider mites are transferred to the new leaves, clean the dry leaves in time, after 5-7 days, when the area of gray spots on the leaves reaches 1/4-1/2, the breeding is good Sweet potato cuttings of spider mites.

Control the temperature of the spider mite breeding room at 20-33°C and the humidity at 50-75%.

The inoculation and propagation of Phytoseioid mites include moving the sweet potato cuttings that have bred the spider mites into the breeding room of Phytoseioids Chiles, and planting the sweet potato cuttings that have bred the spider mites in a nutrient bowl, with 2-4 roots per pot. The amount of spider mites per pot is 2000-3000, and the leaves carrying Phytoseiillus papillonus are torn into 2-3 strips and inoculated on sweet potato cutting seedlings, and the inoculation ratio is controlled at a ratio of benefit to harm of 1: (50-60).

Control the 20-33°C of the phytoseiid mite breeding room and the humidity of 50-75%.

Harvesting and storage of Phytoseius militaris include: after completion of inoculation and propagation of Phytoseiid mites militaris, cut off the leaves and stems, cut the stems into sections, and put them together Put it into a packaging bottle with vermiculite at the bottom, seal the bottle cap tightly, and store it in a 10°C incubator or a 4-6°C refrigerator.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the time for the method to propagate the phytoseiid mite with sweet potato cutting seedlings is 30-40 days, which is 40% shorter than that of the bean seedling and ground bean seedling propagation method with the same leaf area, and the utilization efficiency of the greenhouse is improved. In the present invention, the sweet potato cutting seedlings are stronger in insect resistance and disease resistance than the bean seedlings, and the sweet potato cutting seedlings can be used for mixed breeding of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Tetranychus urticae, and the density of Tetranychus urticae is increased, and the netting of Tetranychus urticae also improves the later stage. Diffusion and reproduction efficiency of Phytoseiillus militaris.

The present invention also has the following effects:

1. The present invention can save a large amount of seeds and reduce the input cost by 15% compared with using white kidney beans or the first two true leaves of peanuts to propagate Phytoseiid militaris.

2. Compared with the use of bean seedlings to breed Phytoseius militaris, the production cycle is shortened from 50-70 days to 30-40 days, shortened by 40%, and the utilization efficiency of the greenhouse is improved.

3. Sweet potato seedlings are more resistant to high temperature than white kidney bean, peanut and ground bean seedlings, and the cost of temperature control in spring, summer and autumn is reduced by 15%.

4. Under the same higher temperature conditions, the growth of sweet potato seedlings is better than that of white kidney bean, peanut and ground bean seedlings, and the density of breeding spider mites is higher. The production capacity of phytoseiid mites per unit area can reach 30,000 heads.

5. In the inoculation of Phytoseiillus mites, the control benefit-to-damage ratio is 1: (50-60), preferably 1: (52-58). Controlling this ratio is beneficial to the breeding time of 10-15 days, and greater than this ratio will cause Chilean small Phytoseiids eat the spider mites in advance, and the offspring of the breeding have no spider mites to feed on. If it is less than that, there will still be a large number of spider mites at the time of harvest, which will reduce the efficiency.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.

Example 1

(1) Construction of greenhouse workshops and facility conditions: establish mutually isolated plant rooms, which are clean seedling cultivation room, spider mite breeding room, and phytoseiid mites breeding room; the plant room is cooled by a combination of "wet curtain + fan" instead of air conditioning , round-wing heaters are used for heating; the phytoseiid mite room is equipped with a large rectangular sink to prevent the phytoseiid mite from spreading to the spider mite breeding room. The combination of "water curtain + fan" is used to replace the air conditioner to cool down, which greatly reduces energy consumption; strict isolation measures are taken in each link, which solves the problem of mutual interference of insects in different areas.

(2) Material selection: the host plant adopts sweet potato cutting seedlings, which have the advantages of wide range of suitable temperature and humidity, large seedling raising capacity, fast growth rate, resistance to spider mites, and strong disease resistance; spider mites are Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Erspot The mixed population of spider mites, high-density reproduction of Tetranychus cinnabarinus, and Tetranychus urticae have the characteristics of spinning silk and forming nets. In the middle and later stages, the whole leaves of potted seedlings will be covered to improve the reproduction efficiency of Phytoseioides.

(3) Cultivation of sweet potato cutting seedlings: potting soil by volume fraction, including 55-65 parts of peat, 15-25 parts of vermiculite, 15-25 parts of perlite, preferably 58-63 parts of peat, 18-22 parts of vermiculite 18-23 parts of perlite, more preferably 60 parts of peat, 20 parts of vermiculite, and 20 parts of perlite; for the first seedling cultivation, put the potting soil into a large 26cm×21cm nutrient pot, and plant 1 complete seedling in each nutrient pot For the sweet potato tubers, water once every two days. When the potato seedlings grow to 9-11cm, preferably 10cm, cut off the seedlings and cut them into new nutrition pots. Insert 2-4 roots evenly in each pot, preferably 3 roots. After the new root grows, water it once with chemical fertilizer, and then it can be used to cultivate cutting seedlings or inoculate spider mites; for continuous rapid seedling cultivation, cut the sweet potato vines into 10cm long pieces as cutting seedlings, new roots will grow in about 3 days, and it can be used in 2-3 weeks For the reproduction of spider mites; the temperature of the clean seedling cultivation room is controlled at 20-35°C (preferably 25-30°C), the humidity is controlled within the range of 50-85% (preferably 70-80%), and the new seedlings are protected from direct sunlight.

(4) Tetranychus breeding: potted sweet potato seedlings are moved into the Tetranychus breeding room, 6-9 leaves with mites are inoculated in each pot, the amount of Tetranychus is 200-300, each leaf is torn into 2-3 strips, and the Tetranychus are transferred to After the new leaves, clean the dry leaves in time. After 5-7 days, when the area of the gray spots on the leaves is close to 1/3 or 1/3, it can be used to inoculate Phytoseiid militaris. The temperature of the spider mite breeding room is controlled at 20-33° C., and the humidity is controlled within the range of 50-75%.

(5) Phytoseioid mites breeding: move the sweet potato cuttings that have bred the spider mite into the phytoseiid mite breeding room, with 2000-3000 spider mites in each pot, and tear the leaves containing the phytoseiid mite into pieces. 2-3 are inoculated on the potato seedlings, the inoculation ratio benefit-harm ratio is 1: (50-60), preferably 1: (53-57); in order to prevent Phytoseiid mites from escaping, pour 5-8cm of water in the water tank to breed Chilean phytoseiid pots are placed in the middle of the pot 30cm away from the edge, with the bottom of the pot out of the water; in order to avoid escape caused by artificial removal, operators and transport vehicles must be strictly cleaned. The temperature of the phytoseiid mite breeding chamber is 20-33°C (preferably 24-28°C), and the humidity is 50-75% (preferably 60-70%).

(6) Harvesting and storage of phytoseiid mites: when the leaf mites have finished eating and the leaves are about to dry up, use scissors to cut off the leaves and stems, cut the stems into sections, and put them into packaging bottles; Pad the bottom of the bottle with vermiculite, seal the cap tightly; store in a 10°C incubator or a 4-6°C refrigerator.

The upper limit of the growth environment temperature of the sweet potato seedlings in the breeding room of this method is 35°C, which is 5°C higher than the 30°C of the bean seedlings, which greatly reduces the temperature control costs in summer and autumn.

Claims (9)

1. a method for efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis, including the plantation of host plant and cultivation, tetranychid inoculation with numerous Grow, the inoculation of Phyloseiulus nersimilis and breeding, the gathering and storing of Phyloseiulus nersimilis, it is characterised in that: host plant uses Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling, tetranychid is the mixed population of Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Tetranychus urticae.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: host plant Plantation and cultivation include, are filled by potting soil in nutritive cube, 1 Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae tuber of each nutritive cube kind, water a water every 2-3 days, treat When potato Seedling length is to 9-11cm, cutting seedling cuttage in another nutritive cube, 2-4 root uniformly inserted by every basin, treats its long root that makes new advances After water a chemical fertilizer water, cultivate Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described potting soil By volume portion rate meter, including following components, peat 55-65 part, Vermiculitum 15-25 part, perlite 15-25 part.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: host plant In plantation and cultivation, control temperature 20-35 DEG C, humidity 50-85%.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inoculation of tetranychid Include with breeding, the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling of potted plant cultivation is moved into tetranychid propagation house, to the nutrition uniformly inserting 2-4 root Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling Alms bowl inoculation 6-9 sheet band demodicid mite blade, every basin nutritive cube inoculation 200-300 head, every leaf carrier blade is torn into 2-3 bar, treats that tetranychid shifts To young leaves, clear up cured leaf in time, after 5-7 days, when blade ash white spot area reaches 1/4-1/2, obtain having bred the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae of tetranychid Cutting seedling.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: control tetranychid numerous The temperature growing room is 20-33 DEG C, and humidity is 50-75%.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Chile little plant peaceful The inoculation of demodicid mite includes with breeding, the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling having bred tetranychid is moved into Phyloseiulus nersimilis propagation house, has bred tetranychid Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling be planted in nutritive cube, every basin 2-4 root, every basin tetranychid amount is 2000-3000 head, will be loaded with Chile little plant peaceful The blade of demodicid mite is torn into 2-3 bar and is seeded in Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling, and it is 1:(50-60 that inoculative proportion controls benefit evil ratio).

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: control Chile little 20-33 DEG C of phytoseiid mite propagation house, humidity is 50-75%.

The method of a kind of efficient breeding Phyloseiulus nersimilis the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Chile little plant peaceful Gather and the storage of demodicid mite include, after completing inoculation and the breeding of Phyloseiulus nersimilis, treat that Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae cutting seedling blade tetranychid is taken food Time complete, cut blade and stem, the stem section of being cut into, put into the bottom Packaging Bottle equipped with Vermiculitum in the lump, be tamping bottle cap, be placed in 10 DEG C of constant temperature Case or 4-6 DEG C of Refrigerator store.