CN102284475B - Soil micro-ecological environment restoration method for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases - Google Patents
Soil micro-ecological environment restoration method for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases Download PDFInfo
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- CN102284475B CN102284475B CN 201110131845 CN201110131845A CN102284475B CN 102284475 B CN102284475 B CN 102284475B CN 201110131845 CN201110131845 CN 201110131845 CN 201110131845 A CN201110131845 A CN 201110131845A CN 102284475 B CN102284475 B CN 102284475B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil micro-ecological environment restoration method for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural disease prevention and treatment. The invention relates to a soil micro-ecological environment restoration combined agent and a use method for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases. The soil micro-ecological environment restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adopting solid stable chlorine dioxide and a microbial agent as the soil restoration combined agent, combining the chlorine dioxide and the microbial agent according to the effective proportion of 1: (10-100) of the chlorine dioxide to the microbial agent and operating so as to be used for soil micro-ecological environment restoration and prevention and treatment of the soil-borne diseases. According to the method, the operation is novel, the efficiency is high, the environment is protected, the cost is low, notonly are the problems of high cost, large toxicity, pollution to the environment and damage to the soil micro-ecological environment in the existing agent for preventing and treating the soil-borne diseases solved, but also the soil quality can be improved, the growth of plants is enhanced, the promotion value is very high, and the soil micro-ecological environment restoration method is a very effective technology for replacing methyl bromide, dazomet and chloropicrin and is also a sustainable utilization technology for the soil in agricultural fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of soil disinfection, soil microenvironment reparation and control plant soil-borne diseases, is a kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedure of novel control plant soil-borne diseases.
Background technology
Soil not only provides essential nutrition and moisture for plant, and is the habitat that other biology is depended on for existence.Plant, soil and microbial interaction have consisted of the soil microenvironment of " plant-soil-microorganism ".Diversity of soil microorganism is representing the stability of soil microenvironment.
The three quasi-microorganism floras that are of value to growth and development of plants in soil: a class is the vital movement by microorganism, increase the supply of root system of plant nutrient, cause the improvement of root system of plant nutrition condition, and then the output increase, Representative Cultivars is the bacterial manure such as fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing; One class is the level of supply that the vital movement of microorganism is not limited only to improve the root system of plant nutrient, also comprised the secondary metabolites that they produce, as or can produce hormonal substance to the spread effect of plant, perhaps can promote root system of plant to the nutrient uptake utilization, perhaps can resist the pathogenic effects of some pathogenic microorganism, alleviate disease and pest, thereby crop yield is increased; The 3rd class is the harmful chemical that microbial activities can be degraded root system of plant is produced murder by poisoning or human body health is worked the mischief.
Only have that beneficial microbe is in vigorous breeding and metabolic situation in the soil, the material and energy flow between root system of plant and soil is moving, useful metabolite could constantly form.The destruction of soil microenvironment can directly cause the forfeiture of diversity of soil microorganism, destroy energy flow and flow of matter between root system of plant and soil, incident is that the various plant soil-borne diseases that caused by fungi, bacterium, virus, nematode and other underground pests produce.
For controlling the generation of soil-borne disease, the general measure of taking both at home and abroad is to adopt the public nuisance-free agricultural chemicals such as methyl bromide, dazomet, chloropicrin, lime nitrogen, even also has to adopt high poison, highly toxic pesticide to carry out fumigation to soil.As, since the forties in 20th century, methyl bromide is one of most popular fumigant in the world always, also because of it to soil tool high-penetrability, can be penetrated in the organism that does not rot to decompose, thereby can be efficient, kill the various biologies in soil wide spectrum and favored, the amount that is used in the world soil disinfection accounts for 70% of methyl bromide total quantity consumed, and domestic also large-scale with the soil disinfection of methyl bromide to facilities vegetable.And along with requiring developed country in " Montreal Agreement " in 2005, developing country is comprehensive forbidding methyl bromide in 2015, comprise the sterilization of the chemical agents such as dazomet, chloropicrin, lime nitrogen, and the methyl bromide substitute technology that comprises the physical disinfections such as solar energy, the steam application that begins to put it over.But the high weak effect of physical disinfection technical costs, the chemical disinfection technology of acquisition recommendation, a common problem is: wait harm larger to people and animals, poisoning and phytotoxicity accident very easily occurs, and environment and soil microenvironment are also seriously influenced.Therefore, develop the soil microenvironment recovery technique that effectively to prevent and treat soil-borne disease of high-efficiency environment friendly, have great importance for resources effective utilization and promotion agricultural sustainable development.
Chlorine dioxide is efficient, the wide spectrum of the latest generation of generally acknowledging in the world at present, the bactericide of safety, is widely used at World Developed Countries.The related organization of the developed countries such as the U.S., West Europe, Canada, Japan such as Environmental Protection Agency USA, Food and Drug Admistraton, United States Department of Agriculture all ratify and recommend chlorine dioxide to be used for the anti-corrosive fresh-keeping etc. of sterilization, mildew-resistant and the food of food, food processing, pharmacy, hospital, PE etc.The World Health Organization (WHO) and world food tissue (FAO) have also been classified chlorine dioxide as A1 level security high effect disinfectants.For controlling the generation of " three cause material " in drinking-water (carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis), European and American developed countries' extensive use chlorine dioxide substitute chlorine and carry out the sterilization of drinking water.In recent years, China also begins to pay attention to the promotion and application of chlorine dioxide product.The Ministry of Chemical Industry of country has promulgated relevant industry standard, and health ministry approved chlorine dioxide is disinfectant and new food additive.
Classify A I level disinfectant as unique united state's health organization (WHO), chlorine dioxide is used for the soil microenvironment of control plant soil-borne diseases and repairs field, at home and abroad rarely seen report; In the pertinent literature of publishing, also there are no the application example of success.
Yue Dazhou etc. once in the patent of invention of application " a kind of agricultural antiseptic " (application number 00123983.X) in 2000, were used as agricultural antiseptic with chlorine dioxide; Song Hongan etc. are once in the patent of invention of application " chlorine dioxide is applied to prevent and treat plant continuous cropping disease " (application number 200610066209.3) in 2006; The conclusion that above-mentioned two parts of patents draw is all chlorine dioxide can be used for soil disinfection.Should say, above-mentioned patent inventor is being used for chlorine dioxide the agricultural sterilization, especially useful exploration has been made in the soil disinfection field, but have following defective: (1) chlorine dioxide is strong oxidizer, plant cell especially chlorophyll tissue there is direct destruction, so can not for the root irrigation of the crop that fallen ill, more can not directly be sprayed onto on the blade face of crop.Therefore there is obvious defective in " chlorine dioxide is applied to prevent and treat plant continuous cropping disease " (application number 200610066209.3) for the use of chlorine dioxide, as the method that we list by embodiment 3, celery leaf spot, spot blight are prevented and treated test, the direct result that celery leaf, stem or root are sprayed is to cause the death of celery.Also there is similar problem in " a kind of agricultural antiseptic " (application number 00123983.X).(2) soil microenvironment that has its source in of soil-borne disease is destroyed, and effectively prevent and treat soil-borne disease, just must rebuild soil microenvironment.The effect of chlorine dioxide is to kill the harmful microorganism group in soil, thinks that breeding and the growth of beneficial microbe group transferred to other use between clearancen.So, chlorine dioxide is used for preventing and treating the soil-borne disease field, must be in killing soil in time replenish beneficial microbe colony in soil in harmful microorganism group.(3) chlorine dioxide is quite responsive to being heated, shaking, clashing into, rubbing, and very easily decompose and blast, be that the countries in the world scientist seeks the problem that solves for a long time so the preparation of megacephala infestation during processing is used always.Because of troublesome poeration, the method that " a kind of agricultural antiseptic " (application number 00123983.X) provides is difficult to promote the use of on a large scale.
For the problem that prior art exists, the purpose of this invention is to provide a cover ripe, reproducible, be easy to promote the use of prevent and treat soil-borne disease, the technical scheme of carrying out the soil microenvironment reparation.
technical method operation of the present invention is novel, high-efficiency environment friendly, with low cost, the relevant field experiment report that has been successfully completed shows: the generation that the present technique method can effectively prevention and control soil-borne disease, can solve again the existing medicament of preventing and treating soil-borne disease exists cost high, toxicity is large, the problem of contaminated environment and spoiled soil micro-ecological environment, also has simultaneously the rehabilitating soil micro-ecological environment, improve soil quality, promote the effect of crop yield, therefore this is a very effective methyl bromide, dazomet, the chloropicrin substitute technology, very important agricultural land soil sustainable use technology especially, has very high promotional value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to that existing technology of preventing and treating soil-borne disease exists that cost is high, toxicity large, the problem of contaminated environment and spoiled soil micro-ecological environment, a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly, with low cost is provided, can be used for preventing and treating soil-borne disease, combination preparation that again can the rehabilitating soil micro-ecological environment and using method thereof.
A kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedure of preventing and treating soil-borne disease is characterized in that or take Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and microbial bacterial agent as the soil remediation combination agent; Perhaps take Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and composite microbiological fertilizer as the soil remediation combination agent; The control that is used for soil microenvironment reparation and soil-borne disease according to certain ratio combination and operating procedure during use.
A kind of purposes of Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is characterized in that or take Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and microbial bacterial agent as the soil remediation combination agent; Perhaps take Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and composite microbiological fertilizer as the soil remediation combination agent; Be used for the control of soil microenvironment reparation and soil-borne disease.
The concrete characteristics of this programme also have, and described Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is monobasic packing powdery or tablet shape stabilized chlorine chlorine products, and effective chlorine dioxide content is 0.4% after diatomite coats.Described microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer bacterial classification used is that one or more microbial bacterias in bacillus, lactobacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete are compound, and bacterial classification used is the high temperature bacterium.Described microbial bacterial agent fermentation raw material used is soya-bean milk or beans processing factories leftover bits and pieces; Described composite microbiological fertilizer fermentation raw material used is the Chinese medicine slag that the organic changing food waste in cities and towns or the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine produce.
The object of the invention is to overcome that tradition is prevented and treated the defective of soil-borne disease technical method and a kind of efficient, nontoxic, the environmental protection of unique united state's health organization (WHO) being classified as chlorine dioxide and microbial bacterial agent or the composite microbiological fertilizer of A I level disinfectant and being used for that the technical method of soil microenvironment reparation combines that provides, the continuable soil-borne disease technical method of preventing and treating.
A kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedure of preventing and treating soil-borne disease is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) before the crop plantation, soil is flattened;
(2) under cloudy or cloudy weather condition, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide;
(3) spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and plough deeply soil horizon 30 ~ 40cm in 20 minutes, solid chlorine dioxide is fully contacted with soil; Plough deeply in rear 1 hour and pour water, make the relative humidity of soil reach 70 ~ 95%;
(4) poured water 3 days after, ratio in effective chlorine dioxide: microbial bacterial agent=1:10 ~ 100 or effective chlorine dioxide: composite microbiological fertilizer=1:10 ~ 1000 is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields, plough deeply soil horizon after spreading fertilizer over the fields, microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer are fully contacted with soil.
The concrete characteristics of this programme also have, and described Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is monobasic packing powdery or tablet shape stabilized chlorine chlorine products, and effective chlorine dioxide content is 0.4% after diatomite coats.Described microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer bacterial classification used is that one or more microbial bacterias in bacillus, lactobacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete are compound, and bacterial classification used is the high temperature bacterium.Described microbial bacterial agent fermentation raw material used is soya-bean milk or beans processing factories leftover bits and pieces; Described composite microbiological fertilizer fermentation raw material used is the Chinese medicine slag that the organic changing food waste in cities and towns or the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine produce.Based on the difference of effective content in the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide, by pure effective chlorine dioxide content wherein, every mu of solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant consumption is 100 ~ 10000 grams; As repairing one of combination agent, every mu of alone or consumption that share microbial bacterial agent is 10 ~ double centner; Every mu of alone or consumption that share composite microbiological fertilizer is 10 ~ 1000 kilograms.Spread fertilizer over the fields simultaneously organic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer or traditional fertilizer (as green manure, stalk etc.).
A kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedure of preventing and treating soil-borne disease is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) before the crop plantation, soil is flattened;
(2) the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is watered, the aqueous solution after being watered, the content of its effective chlorine dioxide will reach 1 ~ 100PPM;
(3) pour water with the aqueous solution that contains effective chlorine dioxide, make the relative humidity of soil reach 60 ~ 90%;
(4) poured water 2 ~ 3 days after, ratio in effective chlorine dioxide: microbial bacterial agent=1:10 ~ 100 or effective chlorine dioxide: composite microbiological fertilizer=1:10 ~ 1000 is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields, plough deeply soil horizon after spreading fertilizer over the fields, agricultural microorganism microbial inoculum or composite microbiological fertilizer are fully contacted with soil.
The concrete characteristics of this programme also have, and described Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is monobasic packing powdery or tablet shape stabilized chlorine chlorine products, and effective chlorine dioxide content is 0.4% after diatomite coats.Described microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer bacterial classification used is that one or more microbial bacterias in bacillus, lactobacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete are compound, and bacterial classification used is the high temperature bacterium.Described microbial bacterial agent fermentation raw material used is soya-bean milk or beans processing factories leftover bits and pieces; Described composite microbiological fertilizer fermentation raw material used is the Chinese medicine slag that the organic changing food waste in cities and towns or the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine produce.Based on the difference of effective content in the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide, by pure effective chlorine dioxide content wherein, every mu of solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant consumption is 100 ~ 10000 grams; As repairing one of combination agent, every mu of alone or consumption that share microbial bacterial agent is 10 ~ double centner; Every mu of alone or consumption that share composite microbiological fertilizer is 10 ~ 1000 kilograms.Spread fertilizer over the fields simultaneously organic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer or traditional fertilizer (as green manure, stalk etc.).
Described step (2), Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide are the unified packing of solid, and form is tablet or pulvis, and its effective chlorine dioxide content is 0.01 ~ 300 gram/kilogram.
Described step (4), microbial bacterial agent raw material used are soya-bean milk or beans processing factories leftover bits and pieces, and described composite microbiological fertilizer raw material used is the Chinese medicine slag that the organic changing food waste in cities and towns or the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine produce.Described consumption microbial bacterial agent is 10 ~ double centner/mu, and composite microbiological fertilizer is 10 ~ 1,000 thousand g/acres.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes organic acid and the moisture of the unified disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide of solid in soil to be combined, slowly discharge chlorine dioxide, kill soil and comprise fungi, bacterium, virus, nematode etc. at interior advantage pest communities, think that breeding and the growth of beneficial organism group reserves enough spaces.Afterwards, by the more beneficial organism flora of artificial interpolation in soil, utilize existing organic matter and the artificial organic matter that adds in soil, beneficial microbe is in vigorous breeding and metabolism, thereby the energy fast development is the dominant group in soil.Only in this way, could rehabilitating soil micro-ecological environment, rebuild diversity of soil microorganism, make and recover between root system of plant and soil that material and energy flow is moving, and the generation of the effective prevention and control soil-borne disease of continuous formation by useful metabolite.
It is quick that the present invention utilizes chlorine dioxide to have a sterilization, pH scope wide (2 ~ 10), be not subjected to what the impact of the water hardness and salt, there is not any residual or pollution, can eliminate expeditiously the advantage of the detrimental soil microbiologic population that is in the ascendance, by the more beneficial microbe colony of artificial interpolation, soil microbial community is restored balance rapidly again, this will have far-reaching influence to the balance of safeguarding soil microenvironment and the sustainable development that promotes China's agricultural.
The present invention in the rehabilitating soil micro-ecological environment, the medicinal plants such as the ginger that main control is caused by disease fungus, bacterium and nematode, yellow ginger, the red sage root, and the soil-borne disease of the facilities vegetable crops such as melon, eggplant class, leaf vegetables.The present invention is through research and field experiment screening for many years, checking, and operation is novel, step is simple and direct, and high-efficiency environment friendly, cost are waited bitterly for the methyl bromide substitute technology than dazomet, chlorination and reduced more than 100%, and economic benefit is extremely remarkable.As being used for the soil disinfection cost of traditional industrialized agriculture, methyl bromide is generally more than 5000 yuan/mu, and chloropicrin is more than 3000 yuan/mu, dazomet is more than 2000 yuan/mu, and use technical side's rule of the present invention below 1000 yuan/mu, meanwhile, crop can realize increasing production more than 20%.Therefore, more can adapt to the current situation in China rural area, easily obtain promotion and application widely.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with example.
Must wear cover glass, mouth mask, rubber gloves during operation, wear long sleeves operation clothes, in order to avoid medicament contact skin.In a single day medicament (solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant) contacts skin, please carefully rinse with clear water; As be strayed into eyes, and please rinsing with clear water immediately, severe patient should be accepted medical treatment.It should be noted that the personal safety for operator individual, operate in front 12 hours and must not drink any pick-me-up.
Embodiment 1: control ginger soft rot and ginger plague
Three, the plot of plantation ginger before Shandong Province's Pingdu City was selected 1 year, each Parcel division becomes 3 districts, and a check plot, two treatment regions are set respectively.Two treatment regions are used according to every 667 square metres respectively
Process 1: use the Pickering chlorine dioxide powder that is equivalent to contain 100 g/acres of effective chlorine dioxide contents, the soil-repairing agent combination that coordinates 10,000 g/acres of microbial bacterial agents;
Process 2: use the Pickering chlorine dioxide powder that is equivalent to contain 500 g/acres of effective chlorine dioxide contents, the soil-repairing agent combination that coordinates 300,000 g/acres of composite microbiological fertilizers;
Contrast 1: do not execute the combination of any soil sterilants or soil-repairing agent.
Contrast 2: implement by the method that " chlorine dioxide is applied to prevent and treat plant continuous cropping disease " (application number 200610066209.3) provides.
April 1 came into effect test, and after enforcement, the plantation ginger and carries out field management according to conventional method, and ginger is investigated the disease index of ginger soft rot, bacterial wilt of ginger breeding time, October the ginger rear statistics output of receiving.The results are shown in following table: table 1
Processing procedure is as follows:
1.1 production microbial bacterial agent
1, select bacterial classification to be: bacillus megaterium, colloid bacillus cereus, the thin xanthomycin bacterium of taking from academy of agricultural sciences, Shandong Province strain library
2, fermentation temperature: more than 25 degrees centigrade
3, required fermented material: water, soya bean, granulated sugar.
4, required fermentation tank: 0.5m3 is with the stainless steel cauldron of I shape agitator.
5, fermentation process:
(1) 10 kilograms of grinds of soya bean add reactor, and add water to double centner; Then 8 kilograms of granulated sugar, 10 kilograms of rice brans are packed into and be stirred in reactor evenly; Pour at last bacterial classification into, then be stirred to evenly.
(2) utilize the assisted heating device of reactor to heat to 35 degree to the zymotic fluid after stirring.
(3) in the time of recruitment formula mixer automatic stirring, blowing air was once in the zymotic fluid every 1 hour.During this time, rely on the fermentation calefaction of bacterial classification self, fermentation temperature can rise to the 60-80 degree.
(4) fermentation time is 48 hours.The fermentation afterproduct is the microbial bacterial agent of moisture content 22%.10 kilograms of microbial bacterial agents getting wherein are standby.
Produce composite microbiological fertilizer
1,
UsedMicrobial inoculum is: 1.1 3 kilograms of the microbial bacterial agents of producing.
2, fermentation temperature: more than 25 degrees centigrade.
3, required fermented material: water, bean dregs, rice bran.
4, required fermentation tank: 2m3 is with the stainless steel cauldron of I shape agitator.
5, fermentation process:
(1) 200 kilograms, bean dregs, rice bran double centner add reactor, and add water to 1800 kilogram; Then 30 kilograms of granulated sugar are packed into and be stirred in reactor evenly; Pour at last microbial inoculum into, then be stirred to evenly.
(2) utilize the assisted heating device of reactor to heat to 35 degree to the zymotic fluid after stirring.
(3) in the time of recruitment formula mixer automatic stirring, blowing air was once in the zymotic fluid every 1 hour.During this time, rely on the fermentation calefaction of bacterial classification self, fermentation temperature can rise to the 60-80 degree.
(4) fermentation time is 48 hours.The fermentation afterproduct is the composite microbiological fertilizer of moisture content 33%.300 kilograms of composite microbiological fertilizers getting wherein are standby.
Produce the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide
(1) needed raw material: commercially available unified packing Pickering chlorine dioxide powder, wherein contained effective chlorine dioxide content is 2%; Commercially available Nanjing diatomite, fineness 700 orders.Wherein, diatom soil series clad material.
(2) equipment needed thereby: horizontal Agravicmixer.
(3) with above-mentioned raw materials according to: the ratio of Pickering chlorine dioxide powder: diatomite=1:4 mixes standby with horizontal Agravicmixer.
(4) mixed Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide, its effective chlorine dioxide content is 0.4%.
Level land
Select illumination condition a period of time preferably spring in March, even 2 tons of the traditional farm manures that spread fertilizer over the fields per mu, 50 kilograms, calcium magnesium phosphate, 50 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers are made base manure, turn over and level land;
1.5 ridging trench digging
The ridging trench digging, 25～30 centimetres of ditch depths.
Spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide
Evenly spread fertilizer over the fields solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant by experimental design in the plantation ditch before sowing.Wherein, process 1 and use 25 kilograms; Process 2 and use 125 kilograms.Cover one deck fine earth after spreading fertilizer over the fields.
Irrigate end water
Spread fertilizer over the fields after solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant pouring end water in half an hour, water the end water yield ridge face that should can not drench sufficient, again, water rear 2 hours mensuration relatives moisture of the soil is 92%.
Spread fertilizer over the fields bacteria agent
Irrigate end water after 48 hours, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer by experimental design in the plantation ditch, after spreading fertilizer over the fields, fertilizer and soil are stirred.
Sowing
Sowing ginger, earthing immediately after planting ginger and sowing.The earthing method is to cover kind of a ginger with the bottom of trench wet soil that is mixed with bio-feritlizer, then uproots flat bottom of trench, and thickness of earth covering is about 4 centimetres.
Buckle film
Be placed on the ridge of both sides in ditch with the mulch film tension after the sowing earthing, the compression that fetches earth mulch film makes the distance of bottom of trench and film keep 20 centimetres of left and right.
Embodiment 2: control red sage root maize ear rot
Three, the plot of the plantation red sage root before Shandong Province's Laiwu City was selected 1 year, each Parcel division becomes 3 districts, and a check plot, two treatment regions are set respectively.Two treatment regions are used according to every 667 square metres respectively
Process 1: use the Pickering chlorine dioxide powder that is equivalent to contain 100 g/acres of effective chlorine dioxide contents, the soil-repairing agent combination that coordinates 10,000 g/acres of microbial bacterial agents;
Process 2: use the Pickering chlorine dioxide powder that is equivalent to contain 500 g/acres of effective chlorine dioxide contents, the soil-repairing agent combination that coordinates double centner/mu composite microbiological fertilizer;
Contrast 1: do not execute the combination of any soil sterilants or soil-repairing agent.
Contrast 2: after sick seedling occurring, by the method that " a kind of agricultural antiseptic " (application number 00123983.X) provides, sick seedling is processed.
April 10 came into effect test, and after enforcement, the plantation red sage root and carries out field management according to conventional method, and the red sage root is investigated the disease index of red sage root maize ear rot breeding time, by the end of November the red sage root rear statistics output of receiving.The results are shown in following table: table 2
Processing procedure is as follows:
1.1 level land
Select illumination condition a period of time preferably spring in March, even 1.5 tons of the traditional farm manures that spread fertilizer over the fields per mu, 30 kilograms, calcium magnesium phosphate, 20 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers are made base manure, turn over and level land;
1.2 spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide
Cloudy lose the sun in, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide by experimental design; Spread fertilizer over the fields and plough deeply immediately soil horizon 30 ~ 40cm after complete, solid chlorine dioxide is fully contacted with soil;
The preparation method of Pickering chlorine dioxide and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields are with embodiment 1..
1.4 irrigate end water.Spread fertilizer over the fields after solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant sprinkling irrigation end water in half an hour, sprinkling irrigation is filled with and measured relative moisture of the soil in rear 3 hours is 85%.
The ridging trench digging spreads fertilizer over the fields bacteria agent
Irrigate end water after 48 hours, the ridging trench digging, and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer by experimental design in the plantation ditch, after spreading fertilizer over the fields, fertilizer and soil are stirred.
The preparation method of microbial bacterial agent and composite microbiological fertilizer is with embodiment 1.
Plant seedlingsRed sage root seedling is implanted in the plantation ditch.
Embodiment 3: facility for prevention and control vegetables droop
At 3 of facilities vegetable booths that are limited to 6 years Jinan City, Shandong Province choice for use year, every booth is divided into 3 districts, and a check plot, two treatment regions are set respectively.Two treatment regions are used according to every 667 square metres respectively
Process 1: use the Pickering chlorine dioxide powder that is equivalent to contain 100 g/acres of effective chlorine dioxide contents, the soil-repairing agent combination that coordinates 20,000 g/acres of microbial bacterial agents;
Process 2: use the Pickering chlorine dioxide powder that is equivalent to contain 500 g/acres of effective chlorine dioxide contents, the soil-repairing agent combination that coordinates 500,000 g/acres of composite microbiological fertilizers;
Contrast: do not execute the combination of any soil sterilants or soil-repairing agent.
Come into effect test October, after enforcement, plantation cucumber, tomato, and carry out field management according to conventional method, and investigation samping off in seedling stage, the disease index of puberty droop, next year is added up output by the end of March.The results are shown in following table: table 3
Test kind: cucumber
Test kind: tomato
Table 4
Processing procedure is as follows:
1.1 level land
Select illumination condition a period of time preferably autumn in September, even 3 tons of the traditional farm manures that spread fertilizer over the fields per mu, 100 kilograms, calcium magnesium phosphate, 100 kilograms of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers are made base manure, turn over and level land;
1.2 spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide
At the beginning of 10 months cloudy lose the sun in, experimental design is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide; Spread fertilizer over the fields and plough deeply immediately soil horizon 30 ~ 40cm after complete, solid chlorine dioxide is fully contacted with soil;
The preparation method of Pickering chlorine dioxide and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields are with embodiment 1..
1.4 irrigate end water
Spread fertilizer over the fields after solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant sprinkling irrigation end water in half an hour, sprinkling irrigation is filled with and measured relative moisture of the soil in rear 3 hours is 89%.
Sealing greenhouse
Repair the greenhouse breakage, the greenhouse is sealed fully, continue more than 72 hours.
The ridging trench digging spreads fertilizer over the fields bacteria agent
Irrigate end water after 72 hours, the ridging trench digging, and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer by experimental design in the plantation ditch, after spreading fertilizer over the fields, fertilizer and soil are stirred.
The preparation method of microbial bacterial agent and composite microbiological fertilizer is with embodiment 1.
Plant seedlings
Cucumber seedling, tomato seedling are implanted in the plantation ditch.
Claims (9)
1. the purposes of a Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is characterized in that or take Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and microbial bacterial agent as the soil remediation combination agent; Perhaps take Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and composite microbiological fertilizer as the soil remediation combination agent; Be used for the control of soil microenvironment reparation and soil-borne disease; Described Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is monobasic packing powdery or tablet shape stabilized chlorine chlorine products, and coats through diatomite.
2. the purposes of a kind of Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer bacterial classification used is that one or more microbial bacterias in bacillus, lactobacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete are compound, bacterial classification used is the high temperature bacterium.
3. a soil microenvironment restorative procedure of preventing and treating soil-borne disease, is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
Before the crop plantation, soil is flattened;
Under cloudy or cloudy weather condition, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide;
Spread fertilizer over the fields the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and plough deeply soil horizon 30 ~ 40cm in 20 minutes, solid chlorine dioxide is fully contacted with soil; Plough deeply in rear 1 hour and pour water, make the relative humidity of soil reach 70 ~ 95%;
After pouring water 3 days, ratio in effective chlorine dioxide: microbial bacterial agent=1:10 ~ 100 or effective chlorine dioxide: composite microbiological fertilizer=1:10 ~ 1000 is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields, plough deeply soil horizon after spreading fertilizer over the fields, microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer are fully contacted with soil.
4. a soil microenvironment restorative procedure of preventing and treating soil-borne disease, is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
Before the crop plantation, soil is flattened;
The Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is watered, the aqueous solution after being watered, the content of its effective chlorine dioxide will reach 1 ~ 500PPM;
Pour water with the aqueous solution that contains effective chlorine dioxide, make the relative humidity of soil reach 60 ~ 90%;
After pouring water 2 ~ 3 days, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields agricultural microorganism microbial inoculum or composite microbiological fertilizer by effective chlorine dioxide: microbial bacterial agent=1:10 ~ 100 or effective chlorine dioxide: composite microbiological fertilizer=1:10 ~ 1000, plough deeply soil horizon after spreading fertilizer over the fields, microbial bacterial agent or composite microbiological fertilizer are fully contacted with soil.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described a kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedures of preventing and treating soil-borne disease, it is characterized in that described Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide is monobasic packing powdery or tablet shape stabilized chlorine chlorine products, and effective chlorine dioxide content is 0.4% after diatomite coats.
6. according to claim 3 or 4 described a kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedures of preventing and treating soil-borne disease, it is characterized in that the difference based on effective content in the Pickering disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide, by pure effective chlorine dioxide content, every mu of solid chlorine dioxide disinfectant consumption is 100 ~ 10000 grams; Every mu of alone or consumption that share microbial bacterial agent is 10 ~ double centner; Every mu of alone or consumption that share composite microbiological fertilizer is 10 ~ 1000 kilograms.
7. according to claim 3 or 4 described a kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedures of preventing and treating soil-borne disease, it is characterized in that described microbial bacterial agent or bacterial classification that composite microbiological fertilizer adopts are that one or more microbial bacterias in bacillus, lactobacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete are compound, bacterial classification used is the high temperature bacterium.
8. a kind of soil microenvironment restorative procedure of preventing and treating soil-borne disease according to claim 7 is characterized in that described microbial bacterial agent fermentation raw material used is soya-bean milk or beans processing factories leftover bits and pieces; Described composite microbiological fertilizer fermentation raw material used is the Chinese medicine slag that the organic changing food waste in cities and towns or the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine produce.
9. the according to claim 3 or 4 described soil microenvironment restorative procedures of preventing and treating soil-borne disease, is characterized in that spreading fertilizer over the fields simultaneously organic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer or traditional fertilizer.
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| 王凤珍等.无公害蔬菜病害综合防治策略.《河南农业》.2010,(第1期),17. * |
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