CN105359921A - Tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultivation method - Google Patents
Tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359921A CN105359921A CN201510890922.9A CN201510890922A CN105359921A CN 105359921 A CN105359921 A CN 105359921A CN 201510890922 A CN201510890922 A CN 201510890922A CN 105359921 A CN105359921 A CN 105359921A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/14—Props; Stays
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultivation method comprising the following steps: 1, field preparation: arranging a plurality of tomato tree cultivation beds and earthworm cultivation beds in a greenhouse, wherein the tomato tree cultivation beds and earthworm cultivation beds are arranged in a staggering manner; 2, earthworm cultivation; 3, tomato tree plantation; 4, arranging tomato cultivation racks. The tomato tree planted by the method can provide weak illumination for earthworms, and can cool the temperature for the earthworms in summer time, thus providing a warmth survival environment for the earthworms; in addition, the earthworms can provide mass earthworm manure for the tomato trees as nutrition, and can loosen the soil so as to provide sufficient oxygen for the tomato tree roots, so the tomato trees can infinitely grow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, particularly relate to a kind of tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultural method.
Background technology
Tomato tree has another name called woody tree tomato, belongs to the evergreen all the year round shrub of perennial Solanaceae Solanum.Its institute's fruit that produces is for circular, and fruit face peony meat is thick, skin is thin, heavy about the 25g of average state, and compared with Lycopersicon esculentum, mouthfeel is unique, eat raw prepared food all can, and be rich in the various trace element useful to human body such as mineral matter and vitamin C.General plantation gets final product result then, and once plantation can be benefited more than 10 year continuously, benefits a lot.
Due to the general plant height 1.5-3m of bearing tree, be one dimensional infinite wall, fruit is all suspended in the air, causes the waste of planting area underlying space.
Earthworm belongs to annelidss chaetopoda Oligotrichida, likes moist, in the neutral soil that loose, humus is many.It is nocturnal animals, likes dark photophobia, and culturing area will note shading, avoids the stimulation of light.Earthworm can eat again a large amount of soil simultaneously, can chesson and provide earthworm ight soil.The cultivation of earthworm needs above its culturing area, do corresponding shading measure, and required expense increases.
By the aquaculture model that the cultivation that vermiculture and tomato are set combines, its advantage is: the tomato planted tree can provide weak illumination for earthworm, and summer can be earthworm reduction temperature simultaneously, for earthworm builds a warm living environment.On the other hand, earthworm can provide a large amount of nutrients for tomato tree, and simultaneously earthworm can chesson, for the root system of tomato tree provides sufficient oxygen, is beneficial to the indeterminate growth of tomato tree.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of tomato tree and earthworm coordinates plantation cultural method, and the tomato planted tree can provide weak illumination for earthworm, and simultaneously summer can be earthworm reduction temperature, for earthworm builds a warm living environment.On the other hand, earthworm can provide a large amount of wormcast as nutrient for tomato tree, and earthworm can chesson simultaneously, for the root system of tomato tree provides sufficient oxygen, is beneficial to the indeterminate growth of tomato tree.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultural method, it comprises:
The first step, Farm Planning, is specially and arranges multiple tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed in multispan greenhouse, wherein tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed interlaced arrangement;
Second step, vermiculture, is specially preparation feed, by feed on vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, raise, treat that the index that earthworm rises to needs can be gathered;
3rd step, tomato tree planting, is specially and prepares medium and nutrient solution, in the cultivation cave of tomato tree, fill up medium, tomato is set plant field planting to cultivation cave central authorities, irrigate nutrient solution, the laggard line pipe reason of field planting, starts to stay Hua Liuguo time the growth of plant to be planted reaches demand;
4th step, arranges tomato cultivation frame, and setting up in the whole region of tomato tree planting is highly the support that 2.5-3m is high, and cradle top steel wire is fixed, as the cultivation support of tomato tree.
Can exchange sequence between described second step and the 3rd step.
In the described first step, vermiculture bedside is preferably 1.5-2m, highly be preferably 0.2-0.3m, preferably vermiculture bedside is 2m further, highly be preferably 0.2m, the width of tomato tree cultivation bed is preferably 0.5m ~ 1m, arranges the wide aisle of preferred 0.5-1m between tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed, further preferably 1m.
Excavation drain ditch, each vermiculture bed both sides, vermiculture bed inside arranges Temperature Humidity Sensor and automatic heating equipment.
Each described vermiculture bed surface coverage 4 pin black sunshade net, and be fixed on be placed on vermiculture bed cross bar on, described cross bar is connected with a curved arm rod device, controls the covering of sunshade net and open by described curved arm rod device.
Erection seedbed, each described vermiculture bed top, seedbed is preferably 1.2 meters apart from the height of vermiculture bed, and described seedbed lower surface and top, seedbed are equipped with automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system, and on the upside of seedbed, the sprinkler height of automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system is preferably 0.8-1 rice.
In described second step, the raw material of vermiculture feed comprises cow dung, vegetable fertilizer, afforestation rubbish, edible mushroom residue and EM bacterium liquid.
In described feed, the weight ratio of each raw material is preferably cow dung: vegetable fertilizer: afforestation rubbish: edible mushroom residue=4: 2: 2: 2.
The preparation method of described feed is specially and cow dung, vegetable fertilizer, afforestation rubbish, edible mushroom residue is mixed according to the ratio of weight ratio 4: 2: 2: 2, and add EM bacterium liquid subsequently, compost fermentation obtained feed after 20 days, for subsequent use.
The interpolation of this EM bacterium liquid is in order to improve beneficial bacterium quantity in feed, and strengthen earthworm disease resistance, growth promoting effects is bred.
The process that in vermiculture process, earthworm is put in a suitable place to breed is specially and is disposed across on vermiculture bed by the feed fermented, in the bar shaped of 20 centimetres wide, and 10 centimetres, interval; Water vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, breeding density is determined according to the temperature of vermiculture bed, and when the temperature of vermiculture bed is more than 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 60,000/m
3, when temperature is at 10 ~ 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 80,000/m
3, when temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 100,000/m
3.
Monitor the temperature, humidity, air capacity of soils, the earthworm growth conditions that regulate vermiculture bed in vermiculture process, make temperature remain on 18 DEG C, humidity remains on 60%, and pH value remains on 6; In good time input feed, throws in before feed, guarantees that feed fully ferments, and is carried out turning over by the feed after fermentation and smash and place 2 ~ 3 days, and leave pernicious gas, and the cycle of throwing in feed is 10 days, and Raising directly is 10 centimetres; Carry out throwing in coordinating while feed and carry out vermiculture bed and turn over and weed, spray water, pine soil depth is 15 centimetres; Regulating illumination condition, avoids sunshine direct projection, and prevents damage by disease and insect.
When earthworm major part body weight in vermiculture bed reaches 400 ~ 500 milligrams and every square metre of density reaches 1.5 ten thousand, can collect a part and become earthworm, the output capacity of earthworm is 6.8 kilograms/m
3.
The medium used in tomato tree planting process be specially volume ratio be 1: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite or volume ratio be 2: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite mixture, also can make cultivation matrix with organic matters such as rice husk, sawdust, mushroom slags.
The raw material of the nutrient solution used in tomato tree planting comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the micro-fertilizer of mixing and phosphoric acid.
The preparation method of described nutrient solution specifically comprises:
The first step, takes nitrate of lime 707g and imitates in No. 1 bucket, add 10L water, abundant stirring and dissolving, make 10 liter of first stoste;
Second step, claims potassium nitrate 404.2g, potassium sulfate 260.7g, ammonium nitrate 40.0g, magnesium sulfate 152.1g, pours into together in No. 2 buckets, add 10L water, abundant stirring and dissolving, make 10L second stoste;
3rd step, adds clear water 0.2kg in nutrition liquid bath, the first stoste after dissolving added, continue to add water and stir;
4th step, adds the second stoste again when the water yield reaches 0.8kg in nutrition liquid bath, continues to add water and stir, and stops adding water when being added to 1kg to water;
5th step, add the 22g after dissolving and mix micro-fertilizer and 200 ~ 250ml phosphoric acid, stir, now dosing is complete.
Should by aforesaid operations processing operations during dosing, must guard against the first stoste and the second stoste joining day interval is too short, in case precipitate.
The field planting process of tomato tree is specially as every tomato tree preparation one cultivation cave, cultivation fills up cultivation matrix in cave, selected plant is up to the plant to 30 ~ 50cm, field planting is to cultivation cave central authorities, hinder root less as far as possible, the degree of depth is advisable lower than cultivation cave surface 5cm to cultivate the surface that sticks together, and irrigates nutrient solution immediately after field planting.
Manage after the field planting of tomato tree and adopt how dry pruning method, healthy and strong branch of namely selecting and remain is drawn by cotton rope, and make branches and tendrils along different directions growth as tree crown, have 25-32 growth when suitable trunk quantity reaches rack with plant, plant stretching, extension reaches 2m and is advisable; Stay Hua Liuguo, as plant level exhibition Fuda 4m on cultivating stand, when growth is counted and reached about 500, start to stay Hua Liuguo.
Setting up in the whole region of tomato tree planting is highly the support that 2.5-3m is high, and cradle top steel wire is fixed, as the cultivation support of tomato tree.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Tomato tree provided by the invention and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method to be combined with vermiculture by tomato tree planting, and space availability ratio is improved.The tomato planted is set as earthworm provides weak illumination, without the need to setting up shading measure again, summer is also for earthworm reduces temperature simultaneously, for earthworm creates warm living environment, on the other hand, earthworm provides a large amount of wormcast as nutrient for tomato tree, simultaneously can chesson, for the root system of tomato tree provides sufficient oxygen, be beneficial to the indeterminate growth of tomato tree.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation culture zone
1-wallsten stent; 2-vermiculture bed; 3-tomato tree cultivation bed.
Embodiment
Developing ecology circulation stereo plant breeding model of the present invention, economic benefit environmental protection gets bumper harvests.Although there is vermiculture technology and tomato tree planting technology, but not by the research of these two kinds of planting technologies cooperations in prior art, and the present inventor is through long-term practice and demonstration, find tomato tree planting and vermiculture to coordinate, breeding and planting successful promotes.
First, plantation cultural method provided by the invention makes both tomato tree planting and earthworm planting technology complementary, mutualism.Tomato tree can provide low light environment for earthworm, and earthworm also can be kept summer to grow in cool place, for earthworm creates suitable living environment.Meanwhile, earthworm can provide a large amount of organic nutrients for tomato tree, chesson, increase soil permeability, is that the root system activity of tomato tree provides sufficient oxygen, is beneficial to the more nutrient of tomato tree absorption, reaches the object of indeterminate growth.
Secondly, the present invention adopts three dimensional-planting-breeding, Economization on land.Independent breeding earthworm or plant tomato-tree separately, land utilization rate combines well below the two.Chinese soil is rare, requires that agricultural to intensivization development, must embody technology, labour, material, fund whole synthesis benefit.The medical value of earthworm is high, and while output earthworm, also add the output of tomato, economic benefit obviously increases.
3rd, wormcast is good soil conditioner, has huge improvement be worth soil.China soil destroys seriously these years, the hardening soil, microorganism rareness, and the cost of industrialization improvement soil is very high, and utilizing earthworm to carry out improvement soil, greatly saved soil melioration cost, is the good thing of benefiting the nation and the people.
4th, natural organic fertilizer, green non-pollution.At the society that food security more and more comes into one's own, organic green food is subject to the accreditation of more and more people.Utilize wormcast to produce tomato as organic manure, a large amount of artificial and organic manure cost can be saved, produce high-quality, green, non agricultural chemical residuum, high-quality Organic tomato.Product and Environmental security combine, and complete soil melioration and Agriculture Production, set up ecnomics and enviroment and merge sight.
Specifically, the invention provides a kind of tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultural method, it comprises:
The first step, Farm Planning, is specially and arranges multiple tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed in multispan greenhouse, wherein tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed interlaced arrangement;
Second step, vermiculture, is specially preparation feed, by feed on vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, raise, treat that the index that earthworm rises to needs can be gathered;
3rd step, tomato tree planting, is specially and prepares medium and nutrient solution, in the cultivation cave of tomato tree, fill up medium, tomato is set plant field planting to cultivation cave central authorities, irrigate nutrient solution, the laggard line pipe reason of field planting, starts to stay Hua Liuguo time the growth of plant to be planted reaches demand;
4th step, arranges tomato cultivation frame, and setting up in the whole region of tomato tree planting is highly the support that 2.5-3m is high, and cradle top steel wire is fixed, as the cultivation support of tomato tree.
Wherein, can exchange sequence between described second step and the 3rd step.
Wherein, in the described first step, vermiculture bedside is preferably 1.5-2m, highly be preferably 0.2-0.3m, preferably vermiculture bedside is 2m further, is highly preferably 0.2m, and the width of tomato tree cultivation bed is preferably 0.5m ~ 1m, between tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed, the wide aisle of preferred 0.5-1m is set, further preferred 1m.
Wherein, in described second step, the raw material of vermiculture feed comprises cow dung, vegetable fertilizer, afforestation rubbish, edible mushroom residue and EM bacterium liquid.
In described feed, the weight ratio of each raw material is preferably cow dung: vegetable fertilizer: afforestation rubbish: edible mushroom residue=4: 2: 2: 2.
The preparation method of described feed is specially and cow dung, vegetable fertilizer, afforestation rubbish, edible mushroom residue is mixed according to the ratio of weight ratio 4: 2: 2: 2, and add EM bacterium liquid subsequently, compost fermentation obtained feed after 20 days, for subsequent use.
Wherein, the process that in described second step, in vermiculture process, earthworm is put in a suitable place to breed is specially and is disposed across on vermiculture bed by the feed fermented, in the bar shaped of 20 centimetres wide, and 10 centimetres, interval; Water vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, breeding density is determined according to the temperature of vermiculture bed, and when the temperature of vermiculture bed is more than 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 60,000/m
3, when temperature is at 10 ~ 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 80,000/m
3, when temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 100,000/m
3.
Wherein, monitor the temperature, humidity, air capacity of soils, the earthworm growth conditions that regulate vermiculture bed in described second step in vermiculture process, make temperature remain on 18 DEG C, humidity remains on 60%, and pH value remains on 6; In good time input feed, throws in before feed, guarantees that feed fully ferments, and is carried out turning over by the feed after fermentation and smash and place 2 ~ 3 days, and leave pernicious gas, and the cycle of throwing in feed is 10 days, and Raising directly is 10 centimetres; Carry out throwing in coordinating while feed and carry out vermiculture bed and turn over and weed, spray water, pine soil depth is 15 centimetres; Regulating illumination condition, avoids sunshine direct projection, and prevents damage by disease and insect.
Wherein, the medium used in tomato tree planting process be specially volume ratio be 1: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite or volume ratio be 2: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite mixture, also can make cultivation matrix with organic matters such as rice husk, sawdust, mushroom slags.
Wherein, the raw material of the nutrient solution used in tomato tree planting comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the micro-fertilizer of mixing and phosphoric acid.
The present invention also provides a kind of tomato to set and earthworm coordinates plantation culture zone, it comprises tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed, vermiculture bedside 2m, height 0.2m, the width of tomato tree cultivation bed is 0.5m ~ 1m, tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed interlaced arrangement.
Wherein, vermiculture bed inside arranges Temperature Humidity Sensor and automatic heating equipment; Vermiculture bed surface coverage black sunshade net, and be fixed on be placed on vermiculture bed cross bar on, described cross bar is connected with a curved arm rod device, controls the covering of sunshade net and open by described curved arm rod device; Erection seedbed, vermiculture bed top, seedbed is 1.2m apart from the height of vermiculture bed, and described seedbed lower surface and top, seedbed are equipped with automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system, and on the upside of seedbed, the sprinkler height of automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system is 0.8m.
Wherein, setting up in the whole region of tomato tree planting is highly the support that 2.5 ~ 3m is high, and cradle top steel wire is fixed, as the cultivation support of tomato tree.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how application technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of tomato tree and earthworm cooperation plantation cultural method, it comprises, first step Farm Planning, multiple tomato tree cultivation bed 3 and vermiculture bed 2 are set in multispan greenhouse, wherein tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed interlaced arrangement, wherein vermiculture bedside 2m, height 0.2m; The width of tomato tree cultivation bed is 0.5m ~ 1m; Between tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed, the wide aisle of 1m is set.Excavation drain ditch, each vermiculture bed both sides, vermiculture bed inside arranges Temperature Humidity Sensor and automatic heating equipment; Vermiculture bed surface coverage 4 pin black sunshade net, and be fixed on be placed on vermiculture bed cross bar on, described cross bar is connected with a curved arm rod device, controls the covering of sunshade net and open by described curved arm rod device; Erection seedbed, vermiculture bed top, seedbed is 1.2m apart from the height of vermiculture bed, and described seedbed lower surface and top, seedbed are equipped with automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system, and on the upside of seedbed, the sprinkler height of automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system is 0.8m; Second step, vermiculture, specifically comprise: 1, prepare feed: cow dung, vegetable fertilizer, afforestation rubbish, edible mushroom residue are mixed according to the ratio of weight ratio 4: 2: 2: 2, compost fermentation obtained feed after 20 days, for subsequent use, added EM bacterium liquid during compost mixing, in order to improve beneficial bacterium quantity in feed, strengthen earthworm disease resistance, growth promoting effects is bred. and 2. apparatus prepares: select to turn over the equipment of weeding, for subsequent use.3. earthworm is put in a suitable place to breed: be disposed across by the feed fermented on vermiculture bed, in the bar shaped of 20 centimetres wide, and 10 centimetres, interval; Water vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, breeding density is determined according to the temperature of vermiculture bed, and when the temperature of vermiculture bed is more than 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 60,000/m
3, when temperature is at 10-25 degree Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 80,000/m
3, when temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 100,000/m
3.4. feeding and management: monitor the temperature, humidity, air capacity of soils, the earthworm growth conditions that regulate vermiculture bed, make temperature remain on 18 DEG C, humidity remains on 60%, and pH value remains on 6; In good time input feed, throws in before feed, guarantees that feed fully ferments, and is carried out turning over by the feed after fermentation and smash and place 2 ~ 3 days, and leave pernicious gas, and the cycle of throwing in feed is 10 days, and Raising directly is 10cm; Carry out throwing in coordinating while feed and carry out vermiculture bed and turn over and weed, spray water, pine soil depth is 15cm; Regulating illumination condition, avoids sunshine direct projection, and prevents damage by disease and insect.5. earthworm is gathered: when earthworm major part body weight in vermiculture bed reaches 400-500mg and every square metre of density reaches 1.5 ten thousand, can collect a part and become earthworm, the output capacity of earthworm is 6.8 kilograms/m
3.
Tomato tree planting: the 1. preparation of medium: volume ratio be 1: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite or volume ratio be: the peat composed of rotten mosses of 2: 1 and perlite mixture, also can make cultivation matrix with organic matters such as rice husk, sawdust, mushroom slags.2. the preparation of nutrient solution: preparation preparation 1 ton of nutrient solution, takes nitrate of lime 707g and put into No. 1 bucket, add 10L water, abundant stirring and dissolving, make 10L first stoste.Claim potassium nitrate 404.2g, potassium sulfate 260.7g, ammonium nitrate 40.0g, magnesium sulfate 152.1g again, pour into together in No. 2 buckets, add 10L water, abundant stirring and dissolving, make 10L second stoste.Add clear water 0.2kg in nutrition liquid bath, the first stoste after dissolving is added, continues to add water and stir.Add the second stoste again when the water yield reaches 0.8kg in nutrition liquid bath, continue to add water and stir, stop when being added to 1kg to water adding water.Add the 22g after dissolving and mix micro-fertilizer and 200 ~ 250ml phosphoric acid, stir, now dosing is complete.Should by aforesaid operations processing operations during dosing, must guard against the first stoste and the second stoste joining day interval is too short, in case precipitate.3. field planting: be every tomato tree preparation one cultivation cave, cultivation fills up cultivation matrix in cave, and selected plant is up to the plant to 30 ~ 50cm, field planting is to cultivation cave central authorities, hinder root less, the degree of depth is advisable lower than cultivation cave surface 5cm to cultivate the surface that sticks together, and irrigates nutrient solution immediately after field planting as far as possible.4. manage after field planting: how dry pruning method, healthy and strong branch of namely selecting and remain is drawn by cotton rope, and make branches and tendrils along different directions growth as tree crown, have 25 ~ 32 growths when suitable trunk quantity reaches rack with plant, plant stretching, extension reaches 2m and is advisable; Stay Hua Liuguo, as plant level exhibition Fuda 4m on cultivating stand, when growth is counted and reached about 500, start to stay Hua Liuguo.
Tomato cultivation frame is set.Setting up in the whole region of tomato tree planting is highly the support 1 that 2.5 ~ 3m is high, and cradle top steel wire is fixed, as the cultivation support of tomato tree.
All above-mentioned this intellectual properties of primary enforcement, not setting restriction this new product of other forms of enforcement and/or new method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on new product of the present invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. tomato tree and earthworm coordinate a plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The first step, Farm Planning, is specially and arranges multiple tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed in multispan greenhouse, wherein tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed interlaced arrangement;
Second step, vermiculture, is specially preparation feed, by feed on vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, raise, treat that the index that earthworm rises to needs can be gathered;
3rd step, tomato tree planting, is specially and prepares medium and nutrient solution, in the cultivation cave of tomato tree, fill up medium, tomato is set plant field planting to cultivation cave central authorities, irrigate nutrient solution, the laggard line pipe reason of field planting, starts to stay Hua Liuguo time the growth of plant to be planted reaches demand;
4th step, arranges tomato cultivation frame, and setting up in the whole region of tomato tree planting is highly the support that 2.5-3m is high, and cradle top steel wire is fixed, as the cultivation support of tomato tree.
2. tomato tree as claimed in claim 1 and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that: can exchange sequence between described second step and the 3rd step.
3. tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in the described first step, vermiculture bedside is preferably 1.5-2m, highly be preferably 0.2-0.3m, the width of tomato tree cultivation bed is preferably 0.5m ~ 1m, arranges the wide aisle of preferred 1m between tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed.
4. as described in claims 1 to 3, tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that: in described second step, the raw material of vermiculture feed comprises cow dung, vegetable fertilizer, afforestation rubbish, edible mushroom residue and EM bacterium liquid.
5. as described in Claims 1-4, tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that: the process that in described second step, in vermiculture process, earthworm is put in a suitable place to breed is specially and is disposed across on vermiculture bed by the feed fermented, in the bar shaped of 20 centimetres wide, 10 centimetres, interval; Water vermiculture bed, earthworm kind is put into vermiculture bed without feed place, breeding density is determined according to the temperature of vermiculture bed, and when the temperature of vermiculture bed is more than 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 60,000/m
3, when temperature is at 10 ~ 25 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 80,000/m
3, when temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, the breeding density of earthworm is 100,000/m
3.
6. as described in claim 1 to 5, tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that: in described second step, in vermiculture process, monitor the temperature, humidity, air capacity of soils, the earthworm growth conditions that regulate vermiculture bed, temperature is made to remain on 18 DEG C, humidity remains on 60%, and pH value remains on 6; In good time input feed, throws in before feed, guarantees that feed fully ferments, and is carried out turning over by the feed after fermentation and smash and place 2 ~ 3 days, and leave pernicious gas, and the cycle of throwing in feed is 10 days, and Raising directly is 10 centimetres; Carry out throwing in coordinating while feed and carry out vermiculture bed and turn over and weed, spray water, pine soil depth is 15 centimetres; Regulating illumination condition, avoids sunshine direct projection, and prevents damage by disease and insect.
7. as described in claim 1 to 6, tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that: the medium used in tomato tree planting process be specially volume ratio be 1: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite or volume ratio be 2: 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite mixture, also can make cultivation matrix with organic matters such as rice husk, sawdust, mushroom slags.
8. as described in claim 1 to 7, tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation cultural method, it is characterized in that: the raw material of the nutrient solution used in tomato tree planting comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the micro-fertilizer of mixing and phosphoric acid.
9. a tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation culture zone, it is characterized in that: comprise tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed, vermiculture bedside 2m, height 0.2m, the width of tomato tree cultivation bed is 0.5m ~ 1m, tomato tree cultivation bed and vermiculture bed interlaced arrangement.
10. tomato tree and earthworm coordinate plantation culture zone as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: vermiculture bed inside arranges Temperature Humidity Sensor and automatic heating equipment; Vermiculture bed surface coverage black sunshade net, and be fixed on be placed on vermiculture bed cross bar on, described cross bar is connected with a curved arm rod device, controls the covering of sunshade net and open by described curved arm rod device; Erection seedbed, vermiculture bed top, seedbed is 1.2m apart from the height of vermiculture bed, and described seedbed lower surface and top, seedbed are equipped with automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system, and on the upside of seedbed, the sprinkler height of automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system is 0.8m.
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| CN106719452A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 庞倩媚 | A kind of earthworm breeding device |
| CN108094335A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-01 | 李晓明 | The method of hayashishita three-dimensional culture earthworm |
| CN110235865A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-17 | 南安市南泉家庭农场 | The facility and method that garden crop cultivation and vermiculture combine |
| CN111990139A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-11-27 | 茶陵县老谭种养农民专业合作社 | Organic navel orange planting and cattle breeding method |
| CN112174461A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-01-05 | 福州尊龙生物养殖技术有限公司 | Treatment method of domestic sludge |
| CN112772568A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-11 | 李美青 | Place planting case of earthworm |
| CN113057144A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for realizing sludge reduction and resource utilization through earthworm three-dimensional breeding |
| CN113207810A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-06 | 河北沃银龙生物科技有限公司 | Earthworm cultivation shared structure for planting dioscorea opposita |
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| CN113207810A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-06 | 河北沃银龙生物科技有限公司 | Earthworm cultivation shared structure for planting dioscorea opposita |
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Application publication date: 20160302 |