CN101053309A

CN101053309A - Organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method

Info

Publication number: CN101053309A
Application number: CNA2006100435371A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛军生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-04-13
Filing date: 2006-04-13
Publication date: 2007-10-17

Abstract

An organic environment-protecting soilless culture novel method comprises the following content: in certain protection facilities, to build planting groove and drip irrigation facilities, then to add the medium by high temperature fermentation into 25 percent solid organic fertilizer mixing fully and filling in the groove, and to increase fertilizer and water control management of planting crops. The present invention is based on our soilless culture practical experience, after numerous exploration and improvement, selected an organic new environment-protecting soilless cultivation method. The method utilizes cotton seed hulls, barks, sawdusts, parings, sunflower stalks, corn stalks, sands, slags, pot ales and mushroom residus cheapness material as culture medium, utilizes getting easily organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer as fertilizer, it not only has traditional soilless culture features, but also lump sum investment of soilless culture system decreases 60 percent compared with nutrient solution in soilless culture, fertilizer cost decreases 60 percent, yield improves 10 percent to 20 percent, and its operating management is simple, discharging liquid of this system is no pollution, and the product quality is good.

Description

A kind of organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method

Affiliated technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method

Background technology

The damage by disease and insect and the continuous cropping obstacle of soil infection can be effectively avoided in soilless culture, and this is one of subject matter that exists in the hothouse production.Be difficult to find one in the suburb, big city at present and do not had contaminated land, soilless culture substrate is by artificial preparation, good physical performance, water-saving, province's fertilizer, and can improve crop yield, can carry out crop production at all ground branches that is unwell to general agricultural tillage, reduce labor intensity simultaneously, can produce sanitation and hygiene, pollute less, the product of nuisanceless, quality better.

But, because soilless culture crop rhizosphere environment of living in (nutrient solution or solid matrix) buffer capacity is little than soil, root system is subject to the influence of external conditions such as temperature, nutrient solution pH, nutrient status in the facility, therefore it is badly in need of Corresponding Countermeasures and is overcome than the easier generation physiological disorder of soil cultivation in production.The soilless culture mode that adopts in view of the most of area of present China is still based on inorganic energy-dissipating type, it is big energy-consuming, contaminated environment not only, and the food nitrate content of producing exceeds standard, to produce greatly harm to human body, therefore should widely popularize have reduced investment, cost is low, recruitment is few, the organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method of easy to operate and advantages such as product high yield, high-quality.

Summary of the invention

The present invention be we for many years, on the basis of soilless culture practical experience, through exploration and improvement many times, a kind of organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method of choosing, this method is utilized cotton seed hulls, bark, sawdust, wood shavings, Sunflower Stalk, cornstalk, sand, slag, vinasse, cheap materials such as mushroom residue are as cultivation matrix, the fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer that utilize various places to be easy to get are fertilizer, all advantages that not only have traditional soilless culture, and make the one-time investment of soilless culture system reduce by 60% than the nutrient solution soilless culture, fertilizer cost reduces by 60%, output improves 10%-20%, and operational administrative is simple, it is pollution-free that system discharges liquid, superior product quality.

Technical scheme of the present invention comprises following content: 1 possesses certain protection facility, 2 has cultivating groove, 3 and builds drip irrigation facility, 4 and be ready to matrix, 5 fillers, 6 rich water control and managements.

Said possess the certain protection facility and be meant and be ready to the required greenhouse of organic environment-friendly soilless culture, greenhouse by solar heat or booth, to help controlling the temperature and humidity in the protection facility.

The said cultivating groove that will have is meant with 4 layers of level land of brick and stacks, filleting not, and the brick wall that parallel base twice 24 are wide makes footpath 48-50cm within the walls, external diameter 74cm, length is decided according to the size in greenhouse.

The said drip irrigation facility of building is meant will have reserved the plastics irrigate band that diameter is 2--3cm in cultivating groove every 20-30cm a weeper to be arranged.

Said preparation matrix is meant behind the corn stalk of 6 parts of mushroom residues, 4 parts of cotton seed hullss, 5 parts of pulverizing, 3 parts of sawdusts, the 7 parts of peat composed of rotten mosses compounds, be placed into and add 5% bacterial manure in the fermentation vat that cement makes, obturaged 35-50 days with the plastic film covering, add 5 parts of river sands, 2 parts of slags mixing stirrings again.

Said filler is meant first layer overlay Polypropylence Sheet in cultivating groove, to cut off contacting of matrix and soil, before kind of plant, should add 25% solid organic fertilizer mixing earlier in the substrate, inserts then in the cultivating groove, till filling up.

Said rich water control and management is meant for not long crop campaigns such as leaf vegetables, muskmelon, apply behind the base manure in that throughout the growing season only to irritate clear water just passable, but to long crop in vegetative period such as cucumber, tomato, the first month, needn't apply fertilizer after the field planting, will topdress once in later per 15 days; The water source has two kinds, every place that running water is arranged, can directly be connected with water tap, the rural area does not have the ground of running water can build the overhead water tank of 1-1.2m of bottom, according to this pressure, can be transported to 30 meters places in addition to water, to adopt the flexible pipe drip irrigation for well, be not easy to stop up, become this locality lower, the general fine tap clock more than 30 of fetching boiling water of irrigating is just much of that.

Embodiment

At first in booth, build cultivating groove, stack with 4 layers of brick level land, filleting not, the brick wall that parallel base twice 24 are wide makes footpath 50cm within the walls, external diameter 74cm, the length of cultivating groove is decided according to the wide of booth; Then behind the corn stalk of 60 kilograms of mushroom residues, 40 kilograms of cotton seed hullss, 50 kilograms of pulverizing, 30 kilograms of sawdusts, the 70 kilograms of peat composed of rotten mosses compounds, be placed into and add 5% bacterial manure in the fermentation vat that cement makes, obturaged 45 days with the plastic film covering, add sheep excrement that 50 kilograms of river sands, 20 kilograms of slags and 80 kilograms of high-temperature sterilizations become thoroughly decomposed mix stir after, insert in the cultivating groove that is covered with Polypropylence Sheet, and be connected with total water source in each row cultivating groove irrigate band that to be embedded in a diameter be 2cm, just can implement to have planted.

For long crop campaigns such as leaf vegetables, muskmelon, apply behind the base manure in that throughout the growing season only to irritate clear water just passable, but to long crop in vegetative period such as cucumber, tomato, the first month, needn't apply fertilizer after the field planting, will topdress once in later per 15 days; The water source has two kinds, every place that running water is arranged, can directly be connected with water tap, the rural area does not have the ground of running water can build the overhead water tank of 1-1.2m of bottom, according to this pressure, can be transported to 30 meters places in addition to water, to adopt the flexible pipe drip irrigation for well, be not easy to stop up, become this locality lower, the general fine tap clock more than 30 of fetching boiling water of irrigating is just much of that.

Claims

1, a kind of organic environment-friendly soilless culturing method; it is characterized in that; comprise following content: in the certain protection facility; have cultivating groove and drip irrigation facility; then the matrix behind the hot fermentation is added 25% solid organic fertilizer mixing and be filled in the cultivating groove, and strengthen the rich water control and management of kind of plant.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said possess the certain protection facility and be meant and be ready to the required greenhouse of organic environment-friendly soilless culture, greenhouse by solar heat or booth, to help controlling the temperature and humidity in the protection facility.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said cultivating groove that will have is meant with 4 layers of level land of brick and stacks, filleting not, and the brick wall that parallel base twice 24 are wide makes footpath 48-50cm within the walls, external diameter 74cm, length is decided according to the size in greenhouse.

4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said drip irrigation facility of building is meant will have reserved the plastics irrigate band that diameter is 2--3cm in cultivating groove every 20-30cm a weeper to be arranged.

5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said preparation matrix is meant behind the corn stalk of 6 parts of mushroom residues, 4 parts of cotton seed hullss, 5 parts of pulverizing, 3 parts of sawdusts, the 7 parts of peat composed of rotten mosses compounds, be placed into and add 5% bacterial manure in the fermentation vat that cement makes, obturaged 35-50 days with the plastic film covering, add 5 parts of river sands, 2 parts of slags mixing stirrings again.

6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said filler is meant first layer overlay Polypropylence Sheet in cultivating groove, to cut off contacting of matrix and soil, before kind of plant, should add 25% solid organic fertilizer mixing earlier in the substrate, insert then in the cultivating groove, till filling up.

7, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said rich water control and management is meant for not long crop campaigns such as leaf vegetables, muskmelon, apply behind the base manure in that throughout the growing season only to irritate clear water just passable, but to long crop in vegetative period such as cucumber, tomato, the first month, needn't apply fertilizer after the field planting, will topdress once in later per 15 days; The water source has two kinds, every place that running water is arranged, can directly be connected with water tap, the rural area does not have the ground of running water can build the overhead water tank of 1-1.2m of bottom, according to this pressure, can be transported to 30 meters places in addition to water, to adopt the flexible pipe drip irrigation for well, be not easy to stop up, become this locality lower, the general fine tap clock more than 30 of fetching boiling water of irrigating is just much of that.