CN105265155A - Sugarcane high-yield planting method - Google Patents
Sugarcane high-yield planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105265155A CN105265155A CN201510756338.4A CN201510756338A CN105265155A CN 105265155 A CN105265155 A CN 105265155A CN 201510756338 A CN201510756338 A CN 201510756338A CN 105265155 A CN105265155 A CN 105265155A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sugarcane high-yield planting method. The method comprises the steps of 1, applying a base fertilizer, deep ploughing and digging a planting ditch in a plantation before the sugarcane planting process; 2, soaking sugarcane buds in an azotobacter bacteria solution to preprocess the sugarcane buds, then planting the sugarcane buds in the planting ditch, returning soil, watering the soil, and covering sugarcane bagasse on the surface of the well planted sugarcane buds; 3, applying a farmyard manure on schedule, weeding, applying insect-resist agents, stopping the application of the farmyard manure before harvesting sugarcanes, removing the sand leaves of the sugarcanes, collecting the obtained ashes of the incinerated sand leaves of the sugarcanes, mixing the ashes of the sand leaves with the farmyard manure to obtain a mixed fertilizer, and applying the mixed fertilizer before harvesting the sugarcanes. According to the invention, based on the above planting method, sugarcanes can better absorb nutrients, thus being higher in bud ratio. Therefore, the sugarcane yield is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of sugarcane high-yield implantation methods.
Background technology
Sugarcane is grass family saccharum plant, originates in tropical and subtropical region.Sugarcane is perennial plant, and planting sugarcane adopts the breeding of plantation sugarcane seedling, and China generally can gather in the crops 3 times.The whole world has more than 100 country to produce sugarcane, and maximum sugarcane production state is Brazil, India and China.
Sugarcane is temperate zone and tropical crops, is the raw material manufacturing sucrose, and can refines ethanol as energy substitution product.Containing abundant sugar, moisture in sugarcane, also containing the material such as various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron be highly profitable to human metabolism, therefore very popular.Along with the demand of people to sugarcane is increasing, and in cane planting process, be usually subject to various factors sugarcane yield, therefore need badly and need look for a kind of implantation methods that can improve sugarcane yield.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the problems referred to above, and the advantage will illustrated at least is below provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of sugarcane high-yield implantation methods, and by the preprocess method soaked in azotobacteria bacterial liquid by sugarcane bud, making sugarcane bud can better absorb nutriment has higher sugarcane bud ratio, thus improves sugarcane yield.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing a kind of sugarcane high-yield implantation methods, comprise the following steps:
Step one: first 1 month of cane planting, 800 ~ 1000kg/ mu farmyard manure is used as base fertilizer in plantation, and to carry out a degree of depth be the deep ploughing of 50 ~ 55cm, before cane planting 10 ~ 15 days, in plantation, dig the plantation ditch that soil depth is 20 ~ 30cm, the line-spacing of described plantation ditch is 85 ~ 95cm;
Step 2: the sugarcane bud selecting two bud section, after the pretreatment of sugarcane bud, in plantation by pretreated sugarcane bud according to 3800 ~ 4200/mu of kinds to plantation ditch in, soil is returned after planting good sugarcane bud, the soil depth returning soil is 5 ~ 9cm, after watering, be the bagasse of 2 ~ 4cm at the sugarcane bud surface coverage thickness of having planted;
Wherein, the pretreated method of sugarcane bud is: be pull out after soaking 30 ~ 50s in the carbendazim solution of 2% ~ 3% at mass fraction by sugarcane bud, after distilled water flushing 1 ~ 2 time, be drain after soaking 3 ~ 5min in the azotobacteria bacterial liquid of 2% in inoculating amount, namely obtain pretreated sugarcane bud;
Step 3: used 1 farmyard manure every 9 ~ 12 days, after sugarcane bud grows seedling, to carry out after weeding applications of farmyard manure 1 time, later every 10 ~ 15 days applicationss of farmyard manure 1 time, every weeding in 1 month 1 time, overhead insect-proof agent is used 1 time in 2 ~ 5cm place sugarcane every 1 ~ 3 month, within before harvesting sugarcane 1 ~ 2 month, stop applications of farmyard manure, and remove the pin leaf of sugarcane, collect after pin leaf burns and obtain pin leaf ash, according to pin leaf ash and farmyard manure mass ratio be 3: 7 mix after obtain mixing fertilizer, within first 1 month, use 1 described mixing fertilizer at harvesting sugarcane.
Preferably, with weight parts, also comprise in azotobacteria bacterial liquid described in step 2: 15 ~ 25 parts, mannitol, sucrose 5 ~ 10 parts, albumen powder 10 ~ 20 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 ~ 5 parts, yeast extract 0.2 ~ 0.5 part and distilled water 600 ~ 800 parts.
Preferably, after sugarcane bud grows seedling in described step 3, overhead used described azotobacteria bacterial liquid once in 1 ~ 2cm place every 2 ~ 3 months sugarcane.
Preferably, digging soil depth in described step one is after the plantation ditch of 20 ~ 30cm, uses mulching planting ditch, and the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real;
By in pretreated sugarcane bud kind to plantation ditch front 1 ~ 2 day in described step 2, described mulch film is raised to side, after the bagasse that sugarcane bud surface coverage 3 ~ 5cm is thick, again covers described mulch film, the both sides soil pressures reality of described mulch film;
After sugarcane bud grows seedling in described step 3, remove described mulch film.
Preferably, before described mulching planting ditch, be drain after soaking 3 ~ 5min in the carbendazim solution of 0.2% ~ 0.4% at mass fraction by described mulch film.
Preferably, farmyard manure described in described step one and described step 3 is sugarcane stalk, human excrement, cow dung, leftovers leftovers and ash becomes thoroughly decomposed after mixing according to mass ratio 3: 10: 8: 3: 2 and obtain.
Preferably, in described step 3, the amount of each applications of farmyard manure is 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
Preferably, insect-proof agent described in described step 3 to be mass fraction be 0.1% chlorophos solution.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1, in implantation methods of the present invention, by by sugarcane bud soaking sterilization in carbendazim solution, then sugarcane bud is soaked in azotobacteria bacterial liquid, make sugarcane bud can be attached with azotobacter, better absorb sugarcane by the lonely nitrogen fixation of azotobacter to sprout required nutriment, thus make sugarcane have higher sugarcane bud ratio, there is higher output.
2, can not only play the insulation effect of sugarcane bud at the sugarcane bud surface coverage bagasse of having planted and by-product from sugarcane be obtained recycle, also the effect of certain increase soil fertility is had, and due to sugar content in bagasse high, make the Sugar Content in Sugarcane of plantation higher, quality is better.
3, after sugarcane bud grows seedling, overhead azotobacteria bacterial liquid is used once in 1 ~ 2cm place sugarcane every 2 ~ 3 months, azotobacter are infiltrated in soil better and plays nitrogen fixation, nitrogen fixation due to azotobacter makes sugarcane have sufficient nutriment in vegetative period, decrease the usage amount of fertilizer simultaneously, azotobacteria bacterial liquid containing multiple nutrients materials such as sucrose, albumen powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphates is fully utilized, while improve the output of sugarcane, has saved cost.
4, the pin leaf of sugarcane is removed in the step 3 of the inventive method, field humidity can be reduced, minimizing aerial root and sprouting of lateral bud are to the consumption of nutrient, alleviate the plague of rats and the harm of sick worm, there is volume increase, accelerating, increase the effect of sugar, by collecting, the mixing obtained after the pin leaf ash obtained after pin leaf burns mixes with farmyard manure is fertile, containing abundant nutriment, and the pin leaf discarded is obtained recycle fully, within 1 ~ 2 month before harvesting sugarcane, stop applications of farmyard manure, gather in the crops and within first 1 month, use 1 mixing fertilizer, meet the regulation of fertilizer requirement of sugarcane production, decrease the usage amount of farmyard manure, make the sugar content of sugarcane higher.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
Step one: first 1 month of cane planting, 800kg/ mu farmyard manure is used as base fertilizer in plantation, described farmyard manure is sugarcane stalk, human excrement, cow dung, become thoroughly decomposed after leftovers leftovers and ash mix according to mass ratio 3: 10: 8: 3: 2 and obtain, carrying out a degree of depth is afterwards the deep ploughing of 50cm, first 10 days of cane planting, in plantation, dig soil depth is 20cm, line-spacing is after the plantation ditch of the multirow strip of 85cm, use mulching planting ditch, the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real, before described mulching planting ditch, be drain after soaking 3min in the carbendazim solution of 0.2% at mass fraction by described mulch film.
Step 2: by sugarcane bud kind to plantation ditch in first 1 day, described mulch film is raised to side, select the sugarcane bud of two bud section during plantation, by the pretreatment of sugarcane bud, then according to 3800/mu by pretreated sugarcane bud kind in plantation ditch, soil is returned after planting good sugarcane bud, the soil depth returning soil is 5cm, waters, after the sugarcane bud surface coverage thickness of having planted is the bagasse of 2cm after returning soil, again cover described mulch film, the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real.
Wherein, the pretreated method of sugarcane bud is: be pull out after soaking 30s in the carbendazim solution of 2% at mass fraction by sugarcane bud, with distilled water flushing 1 time, be drain after soaking 3min in the azotobacteria bacterial liquid of 2% in inoculating amount, namely obtain pretreated sugarcane bud.
With weight parts in described azotobacteria bacterial liquid, also comprise: 15 parts, mannitol, sucrose 5 parts, albumen powder 10 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, yeast extract 0.2 part and distilled water 600 parts.
Step 3: used 1 farmyard manure every 9 days, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 600kg/ mu, described mulch film is raised during applications of farmyard manure, again described mulch film is covered after using, after sugarcane bud grows seedling, remove described mulch film, to carry out after weeding applications of farmyard manure 1 time, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 600kg/ mu, later every 10 days applicationss of farmyard manure 1 time, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 600kg/ mu, every weeding in 1 month 1 time, overhead insect-proof agent is used 1 time in 2cm place sugarcane every 1 month, described insect-proof agent to be mass fraction be 0.1% chlorophos solution, overhead described azotobacteria bacterial liquid is used once in 1cm place sugarcane every 2 months.
First 1 month of harvesting sugarcane stops applications of farmyard manure, and removes the pin leaf of sugarcane, collects after pin leaf burns and obtains pin leaf ash, according to pin leaf ash and farmyard manure mass ratio be 3: 7 mix after obtain mixing fertilizer, within first 1 month, use 1 described mixing fertilizer at harvesting sugarcane.
Embodiment 2
Step one: first 1 month of cane planting, 1000kg/ mu farmyard manure is used as base fertilizer in plantation, described farmyard manure is sugarcane stalk, human excrement, cow dung, become thoroughly decomposed after leftovers leftovers and ash mix according to mass ratio 3: 10: 8: 3: 2 and obtain, carrying out a degree of depth is afterwards the deep ploughing of 55cm, first 15 days of cane planting, in plantation, dig soil depth is 30cm, line-spacing is after the plantation ditch of the multirow strip of 95cm, use mulching planting ditch, the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real, before described mulching planting ditch, be drain after soaking 5min in the carbendazim solution of 0.4% at mass fraction by described mulch film.
Step 2: by sugarcane bud kind to plantation ditch in first 2 days, described mulch film is raised to side, select the sugarcane bud of two bud section during plantation, by the pretreatment of sugarcane bud, then according to 4200/mu by pretreated sugarcane bud kind in plantation ditch, soil is returned after planting good sugarcane bud, the soil depth returning soil is 9cm, waters, after the sugarcane bud surface coverage thickness of having planted is the bagasse of 4cm after returning soil, again cover described mulch film, the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real.
Wherein, the pretreated method of sugarcane bud is: be pull out after soaking 50s in the carbendazim solution of 3% at mass fraction by sugarcane bud, with distilled water flushing 2 times, be drain after soaking 5min in the azotobacteria bacterial liquid of 2% in inoculating amount, namely obtain pretreated sugarcane bud.
With weight parts in described azotobacteria bacterial liquid, also comprise: 25 parts, mannitol, sucrose 10 parts, protein 20 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 parts, yeast extract 0.5 part and distilled water 800 parts.
Step 3: used 1 farmyard manure every 12 days, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 800kg/ mu, described mulch film is raised during applications of farmyard manure, again described mulch film is covered after using, after sugarcane bud grows seedling, remove described mulch film, to carry out after weeding applications of farmyard manure 1 time, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 800kg/ mu, later every 15 days applicationss of farmyard manure 1 time, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 800kg/ mu, every weeding in 1 month 1 time, overhead insect-proof agent is used 1 time in 5cm place at quarterly intervals sugarcane, described insect-proof agent to be mass fraction be 0.1% chlorophos solution, overhead described azotobacteria bacterial liquid is used once in 2cm place at quarterly intervals sugarcane.
First 2 months of harvesting sugarcane stops applications of farmyard manure, and removes the pin leaf of sugarcane, collects after pin leaf burns and obtains pin leaf ash, according to pin leaf ash and farmyard manure mass ratio be 3: 7 mix after obtain mixing fertilizer, within first 1 month, use 1 described mixing fertilizer at harvesting sugarcane.
Embodiment 3
Step one: first 1 month of cane planting, 900kg/ mu farmyard manure is used as base fertilizer in plantation, described farmyard manure is sugarcane stalk, human excrement, cow dung, become thoroughly decomposed after leftovers leftovers and ash mix according to mass ratio 3: 10: 8: 3: 2 and obtain, carrying out a degree of depth is afterwards the deep ploughing of 52cm, first 12 days of cane planting, in plantation, dig soil depth is 25cm, line-spacing is after the plantation ditch of the multirow strip of 90cm, use mulching planting ditch, the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real, before described mulching planting ditch, be drain after soaking 4min in the carbendazim solution of 0.3% at mass fraction by described mulch film.
Step 2: by sugarcane bud kind to plantation ditch in first 2 days, described mulch film is raised to side, select the sugarcane bud of two bud section during plantation, by the pretreatment of sugarcane bud, then according to 4000/mu by pretreated sugarcane bud kind in plantation ditch, soil is returned after planting good sugarcane bud, the soil depth returning soil is 7cm, waters, after the sugarcane bud surface coverage thickness of having planted is the bagasse sugarcane bud of 3cm after returning soil, again cover described mulch film, the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real.
Wherein, the pretreated method of sugarcane bud is: be pull out after soaking 40s in the carbendazim solution of 3% at mass fraction by sugarcane bud, with distilled water flushing 2 times, be drain after soaking 4min in the azotobacteria bacterial liquid of 2% in inoculating amount, namely obtain pretreated sugarcane bud.
With weight parts in described azotobacteria bacterial liquid, also comprise: 20 parts, mannitol, sucrose 7 parts, albumen powder 15 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, yeast extract 0.4 part and distilled water 700 parts.
Step 3: used 1 farmyard manure every 9 ~ 12 days, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 700kg/ mu, described mulch film is raised during applications of farmyard manure, again described mulch film is covered after using, after sugarcane bud grows seedling, remove described mulch film, to carry out after weeding applications of farmyard manure 1 time, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 700kg/ mu, later every 12 days applicationss of farmyard manure 1 time, the amount of applications of farmyard manure is 700kg/ mu, every weeding in 1 month 1 time, overhead insect-proof agent is used 1 time in 3cm place sugarcane every 2 months, described insect-proof agent to be mass fraction be 0.1% chlorophos solution, overhead described azotobacteria bacterial liquid is used once in 2cm place sugarcane every 2 months.
First 1 month of harvesting sugarcane stops applications of farmyard manure, and removes the pin leaf of sugarcane, collects after pin leaf burns and obtains pin leaf ash, according to pin leaf ash and farmyard manure mass ratio be 3: 7 mix after obtain mixing fertilizer, within first 1 month, use 1 described mixing fertilizer at harvesting sugarcane.
In order to effect of the present invention is described, inventor selects the plantation that 2 each side conditions are identical, Stochastic choice 400 strain sugarcane bud is planted in 2 plantations respectively as experiment material, one of them plantation adopts the sugarcane high-yield implantation methods in embodiments of the invention 3, another plantation adopts common species method for planting, in planting process, sugarcane bud does not carry out pretreatment, sugarcane bud surface does not cover bagasse, azotobacteria bacterial liquid is not used after plantation, it is fertile that harvesting sugarcane does not use mixing for first 1 month, all the other are all identical with the implantation methods in embodiment 3, mensuration related data is as follows:
Table 1 sugarcane production situation measures
As can be seen from Table 1, adopt sugarcane high-yield implantation methods of the present invention and common cane planting Measures compare, sugarcane high-yield implantation methods of the present invention, due in planting process, sugarcane bud azotobacteria bacterial liquid carries out pretreatment, significantly improves sugarcane yield and makes sugarcane bud ratio of the present invention higher than the sugarcane bud ratio of common species method for planting, due to sugarcane bud surface coverage bagasse, it is fertile that harvesting sugarcane uses mixing for first 1 month, makes Sugar Content in Sugarcane higher than common sugarcane.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (8)
1. a sugarcane high-yield implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step one: first 1 month of cane planting, 800 ~ 1000kg/ mu farmyard manure is used as base fertilizer in plantation, and to carry out a degree of depth be the deep ploughing of 50 ~ 55cm, before cane planting 10 ~ 15 days, in plantation, dig the plantation ditch that soil depth is 20 ~ 30cm, the line-spacing of described plantation ditch is 85 ~ 95cm;
Step 2: the sugarcane bud selecting two bud section, after the pretreatment of sugarcane bud, in plantation by pretreated sugarcane bud according to 3800 ~ 4200/mu of kinds to plantation ditch in, soil is returned after planting good sugarcane bud, the soil depth returning soil is 5 ~ 9cm, after watering, be the bagasse of 2 ~ 4cm at the sugarcane bud surface coverage thickness of having planted;
Wherein, the pretreated method of sugarcane bud is: be pull out after soaking 30 ~ 50s in the carbendazim solution of 2% ~ 3% at mass fraction by sugarcane bud, after distilled water flushing 1 ~ 2 time, be drain after soaking 3 ~ 5min in the azotobacteria bacterial liquid of 2% in inoculating amount, namely obtain pretreated sugarcane bud;
Step 3: used 1 farmyard manure every 9 ~ 12 days, after sugarcane bud grows seedling, to carry out after weeding applications of farmyard manure 1 time, later every 10 ~ 15 days applicationss of farmyard manure 1 time, every weeding in 1 month 1 time, overhead insect-proof agent is used 1 time in 2 ~ 5cm place sugarcane every 1 ~ 3 month, within before harvesting sugarcane 1 ~ 2 month, stop applications of farmyard manure, and remove the pin leaf of sugarcane, collect after pin leaf burns and obtain pin leaf ash, according to pin leaf ash and farmyard manure mass ratio be 3: 7 mix after obtain mixing fertilizer, within first 1 month, use 1 described mixing fertilizer at harvesting sugarcane.
2. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, with weight parts, also comprise in azotobacteria bacterial liquid described in step 2: 15 ~ 25 parts, mannitol, sucrose 5 ~ 10 parts, albumen powder 10 ~ 20 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 ~ 5 parts, yeast extract 0.2 ~ 0.5 part and distilled water 600 ~ 800 parts.
3. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, after sugarcane bud grows seedling in described step 3, overhead used described azotobacteria bacterial liquid once in 1 ~ 2cm place every 2 ~ 3 months sugarcane.
4. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, digging soil depth in described step one is after the plantation ditch of 20 ~ 30cm, uses mulching planting ditch, and the both sides soil pressure of described mulch film is real;
By in pretreated sugarcane bud kind to plantation ditch front 1 ~ 2 day in described step 2, described mulch film is raised to side, after the bagasse that sugarcane bud surface coverage 3 ~ 5cm is thick, again covers described mulch film, the both sides soil pressures reality of described mulch film;
After sugarcane bud grows seedling in described step 3, remove described mulch film.
5. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, before described mulching planting ditch, is drain described mulch film after soaking 3 ~ 5min in the carbendazim solution of 0.2% ~ 0.4% at mass fraction.
6. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, farmyard manure described in described step one and described step 3 is sugarcane stalk, human excrement, cow dung, leftovers leftovers and ash becomes thoroughly decomposed after mixing according to mass ratio 3: 10: 8: 3: 2 and obtain.
7. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, the amount of each applications of farmyard manure is 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
8. sugarcane high-yield implantation methods as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, insect-proof agent described in described step 3 to be mass fraction be 0.1% chlorophos solution.
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| CN106165602A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-30 | 陈国武 | A kind of cultural method of the black sugarcane of zinc-rich |
| CN106538189A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-29 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所（大新县生产力促进中心） | A kind of cultural method of Caulis Sacchari sinensis |
| CN106561219A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-04-19 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所（大新县生产力促进中心） | High-yield cultivation method for sugarcane |
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| CN106612812A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-10 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | Method for planting high-yield sugarcanes |
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| CN107568010A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-12 | 黄名玉 | A kind of implantation methods of sugarcane |
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