CN106748417A - A kind of implantation methods of navel orange - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange Download PDFInfo
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- CN106748417A CN106748417A CN201611051508.XA CN201611051508A CN106748417A CN 106748417 A CN106748417 A CN 106748417A CN 201611051508 A CN201611051508 A CN 201611051508A CN 106748417 A CN106748417 A CN 106748417A
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- navel orange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of navel orange, belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, specifically includes following steps：Selecting the soil for being adapted to navel orange growth first carries out site preparation, choose suitable navel orange Seeding planting, apply in planting pit as self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and base manure obtained in potash fertilizer before field planting, wherein the self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained by mixed fermentation by navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent；Transplant and pour field planting water to field；And reasonable field management is carried out until fruit harvesting.Implantation methods proposed by the present invention can improve the percentage of fertile fruit of navel orange, save fertilizer, improve yield, and pre- disease prevention improves product nutritive value, it is adaptable to which large scale systemization is planted, and can be Planting household increasing both production and income.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of navel orange.
【Background technology】
Navel orange, rue mesh, Rutaceae evergreen dungarunga, navel orange is nutritious, containing all kinds of nutrition necessary to human body into
Part, the pulp of navel orange is delicate and crisp, and juice born of the same parents are orange-yellow, marshalling, fruit juice sweet and sour palatability, with rich flavor, are rich in fragrance, navel
Contain fruit juice more than 55% in orange, up to 85%, solvable fluidity solid content more than 14% reaches as high as 16%, containing sugar to edible rate
10.5%~12%, containing acid 0.8~0.9%, solid acid ratio 15~17:1,46.55~64.0 milligrams/100 milliliters of vitamin C.Navel
Also contain vitamin C and carrotene in orange, help to suppress the formation of carcinogen, moreover it is possible to soften and protection blood vessel, promote
Enter blood circulation, help to reduce cholesterol and blood fat, the possibility that reduction suffers from a heart complaint prevents gallbladder disease.Navel orange contains rich
Rich vitamin, can prevent scorbutic generation.
In sum, the popularizing planting of navel orange has economic worth and social effect higher.
At present, in planting process, the low fruit yields, inferior existing caused due to miscarriage often occur
As, or determine fertilization type only according to general plantation experience during the fertilising of some Planting households, or in order to improve yield
Substantial amounts of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals are used, so as to cause soil impaired serious, the nutrient deficiency of navel orange, mouthfeel are poor, it is impossible to
The need for meeting market.
【The content of the invention】
Goal of the invention of the invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the method
The percentage of fertile fruit of navel orange can be improved, fertilizer is saved, yield is improved, pre- disease prevention improves product nutritive value, it is adaptable to extensive system
Systemization is planted, and can be Planting household increasing both production and income.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth more than 30cm and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turning over to mix to soil depth is more than
At 30cm, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 195-200cm × 195-200cm；Planting pit, the planting pit are dug first
The a width of 75-80cm × 75-80cm of length, depth is 65-70cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2)
To planting pit center, righting back side of banketing proposes seedling field planting to the sapling transplanting upwards, and then earthing is to 15- above ground level
20cm, pours field planting water；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 180-190 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixes
Close, total consumption 70-72kg/ plants of the self-control base manure；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is by navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, dynamic
Thing bone meal, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are obtained by mixed fermentation；
Wherein, the decomposition agent is mixed by following raw material：Sodium chloride, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate,
Ammonium chloride；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At 1-1.2 times of crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 8-10cm, width is 10-15cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch
Material；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown；After 4th year,
Annual that flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant, being kept for every plant has 2500-5000 flower, is dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and goes deformity
Really, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development ossifys really, and paper bag, the paper bag are covered on the fruit for then retaining in the tree
Specification be 19 × 15-16cm.
Further, in step (1), the pH value in the field is 6.5-7.0.
Further, in step (3), the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：Successively according to quality
Than being 15-18:10-12:10-12:8-10:7-9：8-10:6-8:4-6：8-10：0.01 collects navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, beans
The dregs of rice, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent；By navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, sugarcane
Leaf, cornstalk are cut into 3-5cm segments, then are well mixed with dregs of beans, banana skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent, heap
The self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after product fermentation 4-6d.
Further, in step (3), the decomposition agent is by following raw material according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio mixing
It is made：Sodium chloride, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride.
Further, in step (3), the field planting water is by the methyl sulfur bacterium of the self-prepared organic fertilizer, 0.5-1wt%
Spirit and potassium phosphate are 1.8-2.0 according to mass ratio:0.6-0.8:After 0.3-0.5 is well mixed, its gross mass 120-130 is added
Obtained after water dilution again.
Further, in step (5), the old leaf of plant, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1-1.2 after the pruning:1.4-
1.6:0.9-1.1。
It should be noted that self-prepared organic fertilizer is from navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, corn in the present invention
Bar, banana skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent after certain weight ratio mixed fermentation according to obtaining.Wherein, navel orange is rotten
Branch is for the prior year plants remaining residue or prunes residual branch, wherein containing benefit materials largely to plant strain growth, present invention weight
This part resource is newly utilized, the handling problems of remaining branches and leaves is not only solved, moreover it is possible to greatly improve the yield of navel orange；Japan cypress corruption branch
There is disinfection and deinsectization with Commeline communis, bacteria breed can be prevented added in organic fertilizer, reduce the insect pest rate of plant；Dregs of beans,
Contain a large amount of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium element and various organic compositions, and this in sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, pig manure
The biological nature of a little materials can also play effect of chesson and ventilation in soil；In addition, the present invention also added by chlorine
Change the decomposition agent that sodium, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride are made, greatly accelerate the speed of the decomposition of fertilizer
The conversion of degree and nutrient, after the self-prepared organic fertilizer of gained is manured into soil, only soil does not increase the nutrients such as organic matter and N P and K,
Further improve the physicochemical property of soil, promote the formation and conversion of agron and granule group, improve water retention
Energy and soil fertility, moreover it is possible to improve the resistance against diseases of plant, reduce the incidence of disease, make crop yield.
Relative to prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
In the present invention, will be with navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, duck
Grass, pig manure, decomposition agent are opened up for self-prepared organic fertilizer obtained in raw material and phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are arranged in pairs or groups the base being mixed by a certain percentage
Fertilizer, can provide fully comprehensive nutrient for navel orange plant strain growth, while the structure and proterties of improved soil, improve soil fertilizer
Power, may also function as the effect of certain disinfection and deinsectization, for the growth of navel orange provides excellent condition；In addition, the present invention is to utilize
Agricultural waste material fermentation fertilizer processed, turns waste into wealth, and realizes rationally recycling for resource, it is to avoid the waste of resource, and reduce
Production cost.
Secondly, the present invention is strictly controlled in the links of navel orange plantation, first selection selection soil property is fertile, illumination and
The good field of irrigation and drainage provides suitable environment as planting site for navel orange grows；Secondly, in plantation, using homemade fixed
Plant water to be colonized treelet, for its growth provides nutrient, improve the survival rate and rooting efficiency of plant；Then, it is reasonable in growth period
Control field water fertilizer amount, regular beta pruning, fruit thinning, bagging, it is ensured that plant and fruit fully grow.
In a word, the overall implantation methods of navel orange proposed by the present invention can improve the percentage of fertile fruit of navel orange, save fertilizer, improve and produce
Amount, pre- disease prevention improves product nutritive value, it is adaptable to which large scale systemization is planted, and can be Planting household increasing both production and income.
【Specific embodiment】
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth to be 6.5-7.0 more than 30cm, pH value and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turn over mix to
Soil depth more than 30cm at, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 195cm × 195cm；Planting pit is dug first, and the length of the planting pit is a width of
75cm × 75cm, depth is 65cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) sapling transplanting to institute
State planting pit center, righting back banket side carry upwards seedling field planting, then earthing pours field planting water to 15cm above ground level；It is described
Field planting water be by the self-prepared organic fertilizer, the thiophanate-methyl of 0.5wt% and potassium phosphate according to mass ratio be 1.8:0.6:0.3
After well mixed, the water of 120 times of its gross mass is added to be obtained after diluting；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 180 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 70kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：It is successively 15 according to mass ratio:10:10:8:7：
8:6:4：8：0.01 collect navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis,
Pig manure, decomposition agent；Navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, sugarcane top, cornstalk are cut into 3-5cm segments, then with dregs of beans, banana skin, dynamic
Thing bone meal, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are well mixed, and the self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after heap fermentation 4d；
Wherein, the decomposition agent by following raw material according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed：Sodium chloride, phosphoric acid
Potassium, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 8cm, width is 10cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown, keeps plant
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1:1.4:0.9；After 4th year, flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant every year, being kept for every plant has
2500 flowers, dredge after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development to ossify really, then
Paper bag is covered on the fruit for retaining in the tree, the specification of the paper bag is 19 × 15cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth to be 6.5-7.0 more than 30cm, pH value and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turn over mix to
Soil depth more than 30cm at, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 200cm × 200cm；Planting pit is dug first, and the length of the planting pit is a width of
80cm × 80cm, depth is 70cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) sapling transplanting to institute
State planting pit center, righting back banket side carry upwards seedling field planting, then earthing pours field planting water to 20cm above ground level；It is described
Field planting water be by the self-prepared organic fertilizer, the thiophanate-methyl of 1wt% and potassium phosphate according to mass ratio be 2.0:0.8:0.5 mixes
After closing uniformly, the water of 130 times of its gross mass is added to be obtained after diluting；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 190 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 72kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：It is successively 18 according to mass ratio:12:12:10:
9：10:8:6：10：0.01 collection navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, duck are opened up
Grass, pig manure, decomposition agent；Navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, sugarcane top, cornstalk are cut into 3-5cm segments, then with dregs of beans, banana
Skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are well mixed, and the self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after heap fermentation 6d；
Wherein, the decomposition agent by following raw material according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed：Sodium chloride, phosphoric acid
Potassium, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At 1.2 times of crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 10cm, width is 15cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown, keeps plant
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1.2:1.6:1.1；After 4th year, flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant every year, kept for every plant
There are 5000 flowers, dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development to ossify really, so
Paper bag is covered on the fruit for retaining in the tree afterwards, the specification of the paper bag is 19 × 16cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth to be 6.5-7.0 more than 30cm, pH value and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turn over mix to
Soil depth more than 30cm at, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 198cm × 198cm；Planting pit is dug first, and the length of the planting pit is a width of
77cm × 77cm, depth is 66cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) sapling transplanting to institute
State planting pit center, righting back banket side carry upwards seedling field planting, then earthing pours field planting water to 18cm above ground level；It is described
Field planting water be by the self-prepared organic fertilizer, the thiophanate-methyl of 0.8wt% and potassium phosphate according to mass ratio be 1.9:0.7:0.4
After well mixed, the water of 125 times of its gross mass is added to be obtained after diluting；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 185 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 71kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：It is successively 16 according to mass ratio:11:11:9:
8：:9:7:5：9：0.01 collection navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, duck are opened up
Grass, pig manure, decomposition agent；Navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, sugarcane top, cornstalk are cut into 3-5cm segments, then with dregs of beans, banana
Skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are well mixed, and the self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after heap fermentation 5d；
Wherein, the decomposition agent by following raw material according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed：Sodium chloride, phosphoric acid
Potassium, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At 1.1 times of crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 9cm, width is 12cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown, keeps plant
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1.1:1.5:1.0；After 4th year, flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant every year, kept for every plant
There are 4000 flowers, dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development to ossify really, so
Paper bag is covered on the fruit for retaining in the tree afterwards, the specification of the paper bag is 19 × 15.5cm.
Comparative example 1
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth to be 6.5-7.0 more than 30cm, pH value and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turn over mix to
Soil depth more than 30cm at, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 198cm × 198cm；Planting pit is dug first, and the length of the planting pit is a width of
77cm × 77cm, depth is 66cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) sapling transplanting to institute
State planting pit center, righting back side of banketing proposes seedling field planting upwards, and then earthing is to 18cm above ground level, field planting of watering；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 185 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 71kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：It is successively 16 according to mass ratio:11:11:9:
8：:9:7:5：9：0.01 collection navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, duck are opened up
Grass, pig manure, decomposition agent；Navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, sugarcane top, cornstalk are cut into 3-5cm segments, then with dregs of beans, banana
Skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are well mixed, and the self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after heap fermentation 5d；
Wherein, the decomposition agent by following raw material according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed：Sodium chloride, phosphoric acid
Potassium, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At 1.1 times of crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 9cm, width is 12cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown, keeps plant
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1.1:1.5:1.0；After 4th year, flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant every year, kept for every plant
There are 4000 flowers, dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development to ossify really, so
Paper bag is covered on the fruit for retaining in the tree afterwards, the specification of the paper bag is 19 × 15.5cm.
Comparative example 2
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth to be 6.5-7.0 more than 30cm, pH value and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turn over mix to
Soil depth more than 30cm at, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 198cm × 198cm；Planting pit is dug first, and the length of the planting pit is a width of
77cm × 77cm, depth is 66cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) sapling transplanting to institute
State planting pit center, righting back side of banketing proposes seedling field planting upwards, and then earthing is to 18cm above ground level, field planting of watering；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 185 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 71kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：It is successively 11 according to mass ratio:9:9：0.01 receives
Collection dregs of beans, sugarcane top, pig manure, decomposition agent；Sugarcane top is cut into 3-5cm segments, then is well mixed with dregs of beans, pig manure, decomposition agent,
The self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after heap fermentation 5d；
Wherein, the decomposition agent by following raw material according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed：Sodium chloride, phosphoric acid
Potassium, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, ammonium chloride；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At 1.1 times of crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 9cm, width is 12cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown, keeps plant
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1.1:1.5:1.0；After 4th year, flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant every year, kept for every plant
There are 4000 flowers, dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development to ossify really, so
Paper bag is covered on the fruit for retaining in the tree afterwards, the specification of the paper bag is 19 × 15.5cm.
Comparative example 3
A kind of implantation methods of navel orange, the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth to be 6.5-7.0 more than 30cm, pH value and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turn over mix to
Soil depth more than 30cm at, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 198cm × 198cm；Planting pit is dug first, and the length of the planting pit is a width of
77cm × 77cm, depth is 66cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) sapling transplanting to institute
State planting pit center, righting back side of banketing proposes seedling field planting upwards, and then earthing is to 18cm above ground level, field planting of watering；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 185 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 71kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is made by the following method：It is successively 11 according to mass ratio:9:9 collect beans
The dregs of rice, sugarcane top, pig manure；Sugarcane top is cut into 3-5cm segments, then is well mixed with dregs of beans, pig manure, institute is obtained final product after heap fermentation 5d
State self-prepared organic fertilizer；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree in scope
At 1.1 times of crown diameter outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 9cm, width is 12cm imbeds fertilizer in the annular ditch；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown, keeps plant
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1.1:1.5:1.0；After 4th year, flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant every year, kept for every plant
There are 4000 flowers, dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease pest fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development to ossify really, so
Paper bag is covered on the fruit for retaining in the tree afterwards, the specification of the paper bag is 19 × 15.5cm.
Experiment case study
Niu Heer navel oranges are equally divided into four groups, every group of one mu of plantation, in phase by the inventive method by a large amount of field experiments
Adjacent planting site point plantation, gained fruit was collected in the 4th year picking time, recorded its average production situation and nutritive element content, was had
Volume data is shown in Table 1；
The average production situation of table 1
| Per mu yield (kg) | Survival rate (%) | Sugar content (%) | Edible rate (%) | The solid thing (%) of solubility | |
| Embodiment 3 | 4425.2 | 99.8 | 11.2 | 81 | 15.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 4159.5 | 94.6 | 10.8 | 78 | 14.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3854.9 | 93.5 | 8.9 | 75 | 13.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3161.2 | 91.6 | 8.3 | 73 | 11.9 |
From the results shown in Table 1, the navel orange for being obtained using the implantation methods of the embodiment of the present invention 3, its indices
Other comparative example groups are superior to, the yield of gained navel orange is higher, contained every nutriment more horn of plenty；Illustrate using the present invention
Implantation methods planted, the yield and quality of navel orange can be obviously improved.
Comparative example 1 is compared compared with embodiment 3, when navel orange is colonized, is substituted field planting water with water and is planted, other modes all same；
Result causes per mu yield reduction by 6%, and survival rate declines up to 5.2%, and other indices difference is smaller；Illustrate in field planting using fixed
Planting water field planting can improve the survival rate of treelet, so as to increase navel orange yield；
Comparative example 2 is compared compared with comparative example 1, the raw material of self-prepared organic fertilizer used using only dregs of beans, sugarcane top, pig manure, urge corruption
Agent, other modes all same；Cause per mu yield reduction by 7.3%, survival rate reduces by 1.1%, and other nutrients are also greatly reduced；
Illustrate that self-prepared organic fertilizer of the present invention can provide the nutrient of abundance, making the yield of navel orange increases, improve the survival rate of plant；Together
When can also improve absorption of the plant to Nutrient Elements in Soil；
Comparative example 3 is compared compared with comparative example 2, the raw material of self-prepared organic fertilizer used using only dregs of beans, sugarcane top, pig manure, other
Mode all same；Cause per mu yield reduction up to 17.9%, survival rate reduces by 1.9%, and other nutrients are also greatly reduced；Say
Decomposition agent used can greatly improve the degree of spoilage and speed of fertilizer in bright self-prepared organic fertilizer of the present invention, fully extract fertilizer
In nutrient, so as to greatly improve the yield and quality of fruit.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of implantation methods of navel orange, it is characterised in that the implantation methods are comprised the following steps：
(1) site preparation：Select soil depth more than 30cm and have the field of irrigation and drainage system, turning over to mix to soil depth is more than 30cm
Place, remove stone, and by consolidation it is smooth to the gradient be less than 15 °；
(2) seedling is selected：Select the raw navel orange treelets of 1-2, the navel orange treelet no disease and pests harm, a diameter of 0.8- of its trunk
1.0cm, retains 2-3 branch on trunk；
(3) plant：The plantation spacing for using is 195-200cm × 195-200cm；Planting pit, the length of the planting pit are dug first
A width of 75-80cm × 75-80cm, depth is 65-70cm, earthing after then inserting base manure in planting pit, then by step (2) Suo Shu
To planting pit center, righting back side of banketing proposes seedling field planting to sapling transplanting upwards, and then earthing is to 15- above ground level
20cm, pours field planting water；
Wherein, the base manure includes self-prepared organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, is 180-190 according to the ratio of weight successively:3:1 mixing, institute
State self-control base manure total consumption 70-72kg/ plants；
Wherein, the self-prepared organic fertilizer is by navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, Animal Bone
Powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are obtained by mixed fermentation；
Wherein, the decomposition agent is mixed by following raw material：Sodium chloride, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, chlorination
Ammonium；
(4) apply fertilizer：Step (3) described self-prepared organic fertilizer was applied at interval of 3-4 month, fertilization mode is：It is fruit tree crown diameter in scope
At 1-1.2 times of outer rim, the annular ditch that digging depth is 8-10cm, width is 10-15cm, embedment fertilizer is in the annular ditch
Can；
(5) manage：Plant strain growth 1-3 notes pruning the thin and delicate branch on major branch, to cultivate tree crown；After 4th year, every year
Flower thinning is noted after buddingging in plant, being kept for every plant has 2500-5000 flower, dredged after second physiological fallen fruit and go malformed fruit, disease
Wormed fruit, close fruit, mechanical damage fruit and development ossify really, and paper bag, the rule of the paper bag are covered on the fruit for then retaining in the tree
Lattice are 19 × 15-16cm.
2. implantation methods of navel orange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the pH value in the field is
6.5-7.0。
3. implantation methods of navel orange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the self-prepared organic fertilizer leads to
Following methods are crossed to be made：It is successively 15-18 according to mass ratio:10-12:10-12:8-10:7-9：8-10:6-8:4-6：8-
10：0.01 collect navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, dregs of beans, sugarcane top, cornstalk, banana skin, animal bone powder, Commeline communis, pig manure,
Decomposition agent；Navel orange corruption branch, Japan cypress corruption branch, sugarcane top, cornstalk are cut into 3-5cm segments, then with dregs of beans, banana skin, Animal Bone
Powder, Commeline communis, pig manure, decomposition agent are well mixed, and the self-prepared organic fertilizer is obtained final product after heap fermentation 4-6d.
4. implantation methods of navel orange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the decomposition agent is by following
Raw material is according to 2:3:2:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed：Sodium chloride, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron oxide, calcium nitrate, chlorination
Ammonium.
5. implantation methods of navel orange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the field planting water is by institute
It is 1.8-2.0 that self-prepared organic fertilizer, the thiophanate-methyl of 0.5-1wt% and potassium phosphate are stated according to mass ratio:0.6-0.8:0.3-
After 0.5 is well mixed, the water of 120-130 times of its gross mass is added to be obtained after diluting.
6. implantation methods of navel orange according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), plant after the pruning
Old leaf, young leaves, the ratio of flower are 1-1.2:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1.
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| CN107743810A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-03-02 | 钟山县龙岛种养专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of navel orange |
| CN110122148A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 重庆市奉节县多品农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of navel orange |
| CN112715262A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 奉节县耕植农业发展有限公司 | Navel orange planting method |
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