CN103155781A - Forage honeysuckle cultivation method - Google Patents

Forage honeysuckle cultivation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103155781A
CN103155781A CN 201310118449 CN201310118449A CN103155781A CN 103155781 A CN103155781 A CN 103155781A CN 201310118449 CN201310118449 CN 201310118449 CN 201310118449 A CN201310118449 A CN 201310118449A CN 103155781 A CN103155781 A CN 103155781A
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honeysuckle
cultivation method
feeding
time
harvesting
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张永清
张龙霏
张芳
李佳
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Abstract

The invention relates to a forage honeysuckle cultivation method. The method includes the steps of selecting 'big lanatoside' varieties, carrying out seedling culture for two years, selecting a flat ground or a gentle slope which is sufficient in sunlight, ventilated, loose, fertile, well-drained, neutral or slightly acidic to apply sufficient organic base fertilizers, carrying out high-density double-row transplanting, stumping, shearing, intertillage, weeding, dressing special fertilizers, carrying out comprehensive insect disease prevention, timely harvesting young non-lignified stems and leaves and carrying out other key technology links. The forage honeysuckle cultivation method can promote growth of honeysuckle plants and improve acre yield and forage quality of the stems and leaves. The acre yield can reach 1200-1500kg, and contents of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin can respectively reach 1.80-2.10 % and 0.06-0.08 %. The cultivation method is simple, convenient, feasible, and strong in operability, and has a broad prospect of popularization and application.

Description

A kind of feeding honeysuckle cultivation method
Technical field
The present invention is subordinate to the crop cultivating technology field, is specifically related to a kind of feeding honeysuckle cultivation method.
Background technology
Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica Thunb. is the perennial bejuco of Caprifoliaceae, its bud belongs to famous traditional Chinese medicine honeysuckle, have the effects such as clearing heat and detoxicating, dispelling wind and heat from the body, being used for the treatment of the diseases such as the swollen furunculosis of carbuncle, larynx numbness, erysipelas, toxic-heat and blood stasis, anemopyretic cold, warm disease heating, is the clearing heat and detoxicating choice drug of tcm clinical practice.Except medicinal, also there is purposes very widely in the fields such as honeysuckle is viewed and admired in water and soil conservation, greening, daily-use chemical industry, food and drink, livestock cultivation.
Ancients think honeysuckle cauline leaf with the flower function all with, all can be clearing heat and detoxicating, just " it spends especially wonderful ", but the output of flower is approximately 1/10th of vine yield, bud is too high as feed or feed addictive cost.Honeysuckle children young stem and leaf not only contains the active component identical with honeysuckle, and contains the nutrient components such as abundant amino acid, protein, carbohydrate, trace element, and mouthfeel good, liked food by livestocks such as cattle and sheep.If young young stem and leaf is used for aquaculture as feed or feed addictive as the substitute of honeysuckle, not only can enhancing development, improve output, and can play the effect that prevents and treat disease, will significantly reduce aquaculture cost, increase substantially economic benefit.
Adopt the conventional method cultivation during honeysuckle, the target product organ is bud, gather after bud, high, the leaf senile of honeysuckle stem branch degree of lignification or come off on the one hand, active component and nutrient composition content in cauline leaf obviously descend, feeding quality reduction, the bud differentiation can suppress the cauline leaf growth on the other hand, thereby significantly reduce the output of cauline leaf, the quantity and quality of cauline leaf, must set up a new cultivation management method of cover when guaranteeing that honeysuckle is feeding.
Summary of the invention
the present invention is directed to the feeding actual conditions of honeysuckle cauline leaf, determine that the technical problem that will solve is: provide a kind of feeding honeysuckle cultivation method, by selecting " large hair flower " kind, grew seedlings in 2 years, selective light is according to sufficient, ventilate, loose fertile, draining is good, neutral or slightly acidic level land or ground, gentle slope, use sufficient organic base manure, the high density duplicate rows is transplanted, stump is pruned, intertill and clean tillage, impose special fertilizer, the integrated control damage by disease and insect, the young tender not yet lignified stem of in time harvesting and leaf etc., accelerate honeysuckle plant cauline leaf growth, increase substantially vine yield, guarantee simultaneously the feeding and medicinal quality of cauline leaf, reach the purpose the alternative honeysuckle in cultivation field, reduce aquaculture cost, improve culture benefit, the honeysuckle plant resources is fully developed.
The present invention is directed to the blank of prior art, provide a kind of feeding honeysuckle cultivation method.
The invention provides a kind of feeding honeysuckle cultivation method, comprise selection " large hair flower " kind, grew seedlings in 2 years, selective light according to sufficient, ventilate, loose fertile, draining good, neutral or slightly acidic level land or ground, gentle slope, use sufficient organic base manure, the high density duplicate rows is transplanted, and stump is pruned, intertill and clean tillage, impose special fertilizer, the integrated control damage by disease and insect, the young tender not yet lignified stem of in time harvesting and leaf, etc.
The below to a kind of feeding honeysuckle of the present invention cultivation method be described as follows:
1, kind is selected
Select honeysuckle main producing region, Shandong through " large hair flower " farm variety of long-term natural selection and artificially breeding formation, its plant strong adaptability is grown energetic, and stem branch pumping is fast, and branches and leaves are luxuriant.
2, grow seedlings
Adopt cuttage and seedling culture.8~September, the clip robust growth, branches and leaves are luxuriant, annual energetic branch on " large hair flower " farm variety plant of anosis worm harm, be cut into transplanting of long 20~30cm, with its underpart 2/3 oblique cutting enter preprepared the soil is porous fertile, draining good, irrigate easily on the sand loam seedbed, keep seeding row spacing 10 * 30cm, Second Year is strengthened the field management such as fertilising, pruning, the extermination of disease and insect pest, prune in advance before plant germinates the 3rd year early spring, make major branch length remain on the 15cm left and right, wipe out sprig, weak branch, then play transplantation of seedlings.
3, selection of land and whole ground
Selective light according to sufficient, ventilate, loose fertile, draining good, neutral or slightly acidic level land or ground, gentle slope, every mu apply the human and animal excreta, barnyard manure, cake fertilizer, the compost that fully become thoroughly decomposed, make compost, the 8000kg~10000kg such as natural pond fertilizer makes base manure, plough 20~30cm, the high ridge of furnishing north-south, wide 70cm, high 15~the 20cm in ridge, the wide 50cm of furrow.
4, the duplicate rows high density is transplanted
Before early spring, plant germinateed, the ditch of wide, the dark 15cm of two of excavations on whole good high ridge, bottom of trench spacing 40cm plants seedling in ditch by spacing in the rows 20cm, the earthing compacting, staggered planting between two row, then smooth ridge face, water permeable 1 time along furrow.
5, stump is pruned
Wipe out plant all last year of newborn branch before topdressing early spring, repair old stake, make old stake highly remain on 20~30cm, so that harvesting and the growth of promotion cauline leaf.
6, intertill and clean tillage
After spring, plant germinateed, intertill and clean tillage is 1 time, and after this every harvesting 1 time is in conjunction with topdressing intertill and clean tillage 1 time.
7, impose special fertilizer
Second Year spring after transplanting before germinateing on the ridge plant open wide 20cm, the ditch of 10cm deeply in the ranks, every mu applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50kg, urea 30kg, smooth ridge face waters permeable 1 time; After this every harvesting 1 time, every mu is spread on potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50kg, urea 30kg in furrow, then waters 1 time along ditch.
8, integrated control damage by disease and insect
Integrated use rational close planting, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, the measure such as in time draining after harvesting, rain on time, the powdery mildew their early stage sprays 50% colloid sulphur 100g and is watered 20kg or 2000 times of liquid of 15% trazodone wettable powder, brown spot their early stage spray is by the formulated bordeaux mixture of 500g copper sulphate, 750g quicklime and 150kg water, 600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim etc. 2~3 times, interval 10~15 days, aphid, honeysuckle looper are gathered in and discontinued medication in front 15 days with 90% 1000 times of liquid of the former medicine of trichlorphon or 4000 times of liquid spraying controls of 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil.
9, in time harvesting
Beginning to see on plant pumping shoot has the bud differentiation phase, in time with sickle harvesting cauline leaf, then dries 3~4 batches of year harvestings; Stop harvesting after gathering in the crops last 1 time September.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: cultivation method of the present invention is simple and feasible, easy operating, the cultivation obtain honeysuckle the cauline leaf nutrient component and active component content high, per mu yield reaches 1200~1500kg, adopt Chinese Pharmacopoeia version method in 2010 to measure, chlorogenic acid, galuteolin content reach respectively 1.80~2.10% and 0.06~0.08%, have wide popularizing application prospect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention's cultivation method of feeding honeysuckle is further described.
Feeding honeysuckle cultivation method, mainly comprise following technical management link.
(1) kind selects honeysuckle main producing region, Shandong through " large hair flower " farm variety of long-term natural selection and artificially breeding formation, and its plant strong adaptability is grown energetic, and stem branch pumping is fast, and branches and leaves are luxuriant.
(2) the employing cuttage and seedling culture of growing seedlings.8~September, the clip robust growth, branches and leaves are luxuriant, annual energetic branch on " large hair flower " farm variety plant of anosis worm harm, be cut into transplanting of long 20~30cm, with its underpart 2/3 oblique cutting enter preprepared the soil is porous fertile, draining good, irrigate easily on the sand loam seedbed, keep seeding row spacing 10 * 30cm, Second Year is strengthened the field management such as fertilising, pruning, the extermination of disease and insect pest, prune in advance before plant germinates the 3rd year early spring, make major branch length remain on the 15cm left and right, wipe out sprig, weak branch, then play transplantation of seedlings.
(3) selection of land and whole ground selective light according to sufficient, ventilate, loose fertile, draining good, neutral or slightly acidic level land or ground, gentle slope, every mu apply the human and animal excreta, barnyard manure, cake fertilizer, the compost that fully become thoroughly decomposed, make compost, the 8000kg~10000kg such as natural pond fertilizer makes base manure, plough 20~30cm, the high ridge of furnishing north-south, wide 70cm, high 15~the 20cm in ridge, the wide 50cm of furrow.
(4) transplant before early spring, plant germinateed, the ditch of wide, the dark 15cm of two of excavations on whole good high ridge, bottom of trench spacing 40cm plants seedling in ditch by spacing in the rows 20cm, the earthing compacting, staggered planting between two row, then smooth ridge face, water permeable 1 time along furrow.
(5) prune and to wipe out plant all last year of newborn branch before topdressing early spring, the old stake of finishing makes old stake highly remain on 20~30cm, so that harvesting and promote the cauline leaf growth.
(6) after intertill and clean tillage plant in spring germinates, intertill and clean tillage is 1 time, and after this every harvesting 1 time is in conjunction with topdressing intertill and clean tillage 1 time.
(7) topdress Second Year spring after transplanting before germinateing on the ridge plant open wide 20cm, the ditch of 10cm deeply in the ranks, every mu applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50kg, urea 30kg, smooth ridge face waters permeable 1 time; After this every harvesting 1 time, every mu is spread on potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50kg, urea 30kg in furrow, then waters 1 time along ditch.
(8) integrated control damage by disease and insect rational close planting, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, harvesting on time, in time draining after rain.The powdery mildew their early stage sprays 50% colloid sulphur 100g and is watered 20kg or 2000 times of liquid of 15% trazodone wettable powder, brown spot their early stage spray is by the formulated bordeaux mixture of 500g copper sulphate, 750g quicklime and 150kg water, 600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim etc. 2~3 times, interval 10~15 days, aphid, honeysuckle looper are gathered in and discontinued medication in front 15 days with 90% 1000 times of liquid of the former medicine of trichlorphon or 4000 times of liquid spraying controls of 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil.
(9) harvesting begins to see that the bud differentiation phase is arranged on plant pumping shoot, in time with sickle harvesting cauline leaf, then dries 3~4 batches of year harvestings; Stop harvesting after gathering in the crops last 1 time September.
Since 1986, my unit is carrying out honeysuckle culture technique research always, once bear relevant honeysuckle research project 10 remainders such as State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems, national science and technology supporting plan, obtained plentiful and substantial achievement in research, the invention belongs to one of correlative study achievement.We utilize same seedling on same plot, city village, Zheng Cheng Zhenkang, Pingyi County, adopt respectively the plantation of common species method for planting and the inventive method, and are as shown in table 1 through 2011,2012 continuous 2 years test acquired results.
Table 1 the present invention and commonsense method plantation stem of Flos Lonicerae leaf-making quantity and quality are relatively
Figure BSA00000874880900041
Table 1 result shows, compares with the common species method for planting, and it is nearly 200% that four, five years living honeysuckle plants stems leaf-making quantities of the inventive method plantation have improved, and reached 1200~1500kg, and chlorogenic acid and galuteolin content also are significantly improved.
The common species method for planting: before early spring, plant sprouted, on whole good planting-site, 1.5m * 1.2m dug planting pit by distance between rows and hills, and the cave is dark, wide each 40cm.Also flatten at the bottom of first digging loose cave, often spread manuer in holes into farmyard manure 5~10kg, mix thoroughly with subsoil, then the lid layer fine earth, then every cave plants into seedling 2~3 strains, and the compression of banketing irrigates normal root water.Annual intertill and clean tillage 3~4 times.After annual early spring, plant sprouted, respectively topdress 1 time after picking flowers, spread manuer in holes at every turn, often spread manuer in holes with ammonium sulfate 100g, superphosphate 200g at every turn, 1 cured fertilizer of heavy dressing in winter, every strain is with decomposed dung 10~15kg.Then beta pruning in winter 1 time spends rear pruning 1 time for every batch.The same the present invention of the extermination of disease and insect pest.Collect the cauline leaf under pruning, dry.The stem branch lignification of these method results is serious, and palatability reduces.
Vine yield assay method: plant respectively 3 mu of honeysuckles with commonsense method and the inventive method on the same soil, transplant and gathered in the crops respectively cauline leaf and dried, weigh in rear 1 year, calculate every mu of cauline leaf annual production.
Determination of chlorogenic acid method: 1. chromatographic condition and system suitability: take octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica as filler; Take acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (13: 87) as mobile phase; The detection wavelength is 327nm.Number of theoretical plate should be not less than 1000 by chlorogenic acid peak calculating.2. the preparation of reference substance solution: get the chlorogenic acid reference substance appropriate, accurately weighed, put in brown measuring bottle, add 50% methyl alcohol and make the solution that every 1ml contains 40 μ g, namely get (preserving below 10 ℃).3. the preparation of need testing solution: get approximately 0.5g of this product powder (crossing sieve No. four), accurately weighed, put in tool plug conical flask, precision adds 50% methyl alcohol 50ml, weighed weight, ultrasonic processing (power 250W, frequency 35kHz) 30 minutes, let cool, more weighed weight, supply the weight of less loss with 50% methyl alcohol, shake up, filter, precision measures subsequent filtrate 5ml, puts in the brown measuring bottle of 25ml, adds 50% methyl alcohol to scale, shake up, and get final product.4. determination method: accurate each 5~10 μ l of reference substance solution and need testing solution that draw respectively, the injection liquid chromatography, mensuration, and get final product.
Galuteolin content assaying method: 1. chromatographic condition and system suitability: be filler (Agilent ZORBAX SB-phenyl4.6mm * 250mm with the phenyl silane bonded silica gel, 5 μ m), take acetonitrile as mobile phase A, take 0.5% glacial acetic acid solution as Mobile phase B, the regulation according to the form below is carried out gradient elution; The detection wavelength is 350nm.Number of theoretical plate should be not less than 20000 by galuteolin peak calculating.
2. the preparation of reference substance solution: get the galuteolin reference substance appropriate, accurately weighed, add 70% ethanol and make the solution that every 1ml contains 40 μ g, and get final product.3. the preparation of need testing solution: get approximately 2g of this product fine powder (crossing sieve No. four), accurately weighed, to put in tool plug conical flask, precision adds 70% ethanol 50ml, weighed weight, ultrasonic processing (power 250W, frequency 35kHz) 1 hour lets cool, weighed weight again, supply the weight of less loss with 70% ethanol, shake up, filter.Precision measures subsequent filtrate 10ml, reclaims solvent to doing, and residue dissolves with 70% ethanol, is transferred in the 5ml measuring bottle, adds 70% ethanol to scale, and get final product.4. determination method: accurate each 10 μ l of reference substance solution and need testing solution that draw respectively, the injection liquid chromatography, mensuration, and get final product.

Claims (10)

  1. One kind feeding honeysuckle cultivation method, comprise selection " large hair flower " kind, grew seedlings in 2 years, selective light according to sufficient, ventilate, loose fertile, draining good, neutral or slightly acidic level land or ground, gentle slope, use sufficient organic base manure, the high density duplicate rows is transplanted, and stump is pruned, intertill and clean tillage, impose special fertilizer, the integrated control damage by disease and insect, the young tender not yet lignified stem of in time harvesting and leaf, etc.
  2. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that selected kind is " large hair flower ", be that honeysuckle main producing region, Shandong is through the local farm variety of long-term natural selection and artificially breeding formation, its plant strong adaptability, the growth energetic, stem branch pumping is fast, and blade is loose, luxuriant.
  3. feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that growing seedlings in described 2 years and refer in 8~September, the clip robust growth, branches and leaves are luxuriant, annual energetic branch on " large hair flower " farm variety plant of anosis worm harm, be cut into transplanting of long 20~30cm, its underpart 2/3 oblique cutting is entered preprepared the soil is porous fertile, draining is good, irrigate easily on the sand loam seedbed, keep seeding row spacing 10 * 30cm, Second Year is strengthened fertilising, prune, the field management such as the extermination of disease and insect pest, prune in advance before plant germinates the 3rd year early spring, make major branch length remain on the 15cm left and right, wipe out sprig, weak branch, then play transplantation of seedlings.
  4. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that described use sufficient fertilizer refer to when whole ground every mu apply the human and animal excreta, barnyard manure, cake fertilizer, the compost that fully become thoroughly decomposed, make compost, the 8000kg~10000kg such as natural pond fertilizer makes base manure, then plough 20~30cm, the high ridge of furnishing north-south, wide 70cm, high 15~the 20cm in ridge, the wide 50cm of furrow.
  5. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that described high density duplicate rows transplanting refers to before early spring, plant germinateed, the ditch of wide, the dark 15cm of two of excavations on whole good high ridge, bottom of trench spacing 40cm, seedling is planted in ditch earthing compacting, staggered planting between two row by spacing in the rows 20cm, then smooth ridge face, water permeable 1 time along furrow.
  6. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that described stump is pruned to wipe out plant all last year of newborn branch before referring to topdress early spring, the old stake of finishing makes old stake highly remain on 20~30cm, so that harvesting and promote the cauline leaf growth.
  7. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that described intertill and clean tillage refers to after spring, plant germinateed intertill and clean tillage 1 time, after this every harvesting 1 time is in conjunction with topdressing intertill and clean tillage 1 time.
  8. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that described impose special fertilizer refer to Second Year spring after transplanting before germinateing on the ridge plant open wide 20cm, the ditch of 10cm deeply in the ranks, every mu applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50kg, urea 30kg, smooth ridge face waters permeable 1 time; After this every harvesting 1 time, every mu is spread on potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50kg, urea 30kg in furrow, then waters 1 time along ditch.
  9. feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that described integrated control damage by disease and insect refers to the integrated use rational close planting, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, harvesting on time, the measure such as in time draining after rain, the powdery mildew their early stage sprays 50% colloid sulphur 100g and is watered 20kg or 2000 times of liquid of 15% trazodone wettable powder, the spray of brown spot their early stage is by 500g copper sulphate, 750g quicklime and the formulated bordeaux mixture of 150kg water, 600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim etc. 2~3 times, interval 10~15 days, aphid, the honeysuckle looper prevents and treats with 90% 1000 times of liquid of the former medicine of trichlorphon or 4000 times of liquid sprayings of 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil, gather in and discontinued medication in front 15 days.
  10. Feeding honeysuckle as claimed in claim 1 cultivation method, it is characterized in that the described timely harvesting tender not yet lignified stem of children and leaf refer to begin to see that the bud differentiation phase is arranged on plant pumping shoot, just with sickle harvesting cauline leaf, then dry, 3~4 batches of year harvestings, per mu yield scapus leaf 1200~1500kg, chlorogenic acid, galuteolin content reach respectively 1.80~2.10% and 0.06~0.08%, stop harvesting after last 1 time of September results.
CN 201310118449 2013-04-08 2013-04-08 Forage honeysuckle cultivation method Pending CN103155781A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104380939A (en) * 2014-09-16 2015-03-04 南江县百草中药材有限公司 Honeysuckle flower planting method
CN104429504A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-25 成都红柿子科技有限公司 Planting method of honeysuckle
CN110583336A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-20 蓬溪县民欣香桂有限责任公司 Stumping and replacing method for cinnamomum subavenium
CN113575251A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Method for planting branch and leaf-producing woody plants with nutrition piles

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104380939A (en) * 2014-09-16 2015-03-04 南江县百草中药材有限公司 Honeysuckle flower planting method
CN104429504A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-25 成都红柿子科技有限公司 Planting method of honeysuckle
CN110583336A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-20 蓬溪县民欣香桂有限责任公司 Stumping and replacing method for cinnamomum subavenium
CN113575251A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 Method for planting branch and leaf-producing woody plants with nutrition piles

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Application publication date: 20130619