CN105165538A - Walnut tree cultivating method - Google Patents
Walnut tree cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165538A CN105165538A CN201510635410.8A CN201510635410A CN105165538A CN 105165538 A CN105165538 A CN 105165538A CN 201510635410 A CN201510635410 A CN 201510635410A CN 105165538 A CN105165538 A CN 105165538A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a walnut tree cultivating method, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree planting. The method comprises the following steps of 1 land selecting, wherein land with the soil Ph value ranging from 6.3 to 8 is selected to serve as an orchard; 2 planting pit digging, wherein multiple planting pits are dug in the orchard; 3 basal dressing, wherein soil is put in the planting pits, then the mixture of the soil and base fertilizer is put, and lastly the planting pits are covered with the soil; 4 fix planting, wherein holes are dug at the top of the planting pits, mixed thick paste is put in the holes, root systems of fruit tree seedlings are planted into the mixed thick paste in the holes, the mixed thick paste is covered with the soil, annular ridges are made around the holes, the holes are covered with mulching film, the fruit tree seedlings penetrate through the mulching film, the edges of the mulching film are buried in the soil, and rooting water is poured along tree trunks; 5 orchard managing, wherein daily irrigating, topdressing, pest controlling and reshaping and pruning managing are performed on the fruit tree seedlings; 6 proper mature harvesting. According to the walnut tree cultivating method, the problems that the walnut growth speed is low, the yield per unit is low, and the fruit quality is poor can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, especially a kind of method at Rocky Desertification Region cultivation walnut.
Background technology
Walnut is juglandaceae plant, walnut kernel is delicious, and containing abundant nutrient, trace element and a large amount of linoleic acid fat, not only can extract oil, prepare cake, candy, what people often ate also has minimizing enteron aisle to the absorption of cholesterol, the effect of preventing hypertension, arteriosclerosis and brain tonic and intelligence development, Nandan County is positioned at the northwestward, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, because Nandan area has abundant mineral resources to be one of nonferrous metal resources important localities, therefore, the stony desertification phenomenon of land deterioration is created by human activity interference, walnut is planted in Nandan area by traditional method, occur that walnut fruit-setting rate is low, fruit quality is poor, growth rate problem slowly, the time generally taking 7 or eight years could result, can not meet the need of market, therefore its fast growth a kind of is planted out, fruit environmental protection, mouthfeel is good, the walnut of product lover is the problem that Nandan agriculture and forestry science and technology personnel constantly solve.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of walnut cultivation method, and this walnut cultivation method can solve that walnut walnut fruit-setting rate is low, fruit quality is poor, growth rate problem slowly.
In order to solve the problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: this walnut cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
A selection of land: select height above sea level 400 meters to 1000 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 degrees Celsius to 19 degrees Celsius, mean annual precipitation 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters, year sunshine duration be 1447 little of 1600 hours, P in soil h value is that the soil of 6.3 to 8 is as orchard; Described soil is loam or sandy loam;
B, dig plantation hole: dig in the orchard of steps A multiple plantation cheat;
C, basal dressing: the soil putting into corresponding plantation hole volume 1/3rd respectively in each described plantation hole, then put into the soil of 1/3rd and the mixture of base manure, then mulching soil is until 30 centimetres above ground level;
D, field planting: dig cave in the top, plantation hole of step C, connect with described mixture at the bottom of cave; In cave, put into the thick slurry of mixing, make fruit shoot root system naturally stretch in the thick slurry of mixing implanted in cave, cover the thick slurry of mixing with soil, the soil around root system is treaded simultaneously; The annular low bank of earth between fields of a ponding is done again around cave; Then covering with plastic film on cave, make fruit seedling through the aperture of ground center membrane, aperture fine earth covers, in all placing into the soil in the edge of film; Drench into normal root water along trunk;
E, orchard management: daily irrigation is carried out to described fruit seedling, topdresses, the extermination of disease and insect pest and pruning management;
F, proper mature (ripe) are gathered.
In technique scheme, technical scheme can also be more specifically: described base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, and described mixture is made up of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 10 ~ 15 weight portions and the soil mixing of 3 ~ 5 weight portions; The thick slurry of described mixing is made up of the soil mixing of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 5 ~ 10 weight portions, the water of 1 ~ 3 weight portion and 1 ~ 3 weight portion.
Further: the step of topdressing of step e is: during a1, June to July then after fruit seedling is planted, mulch film to be taken out, then at the annular ditch apart from 15 centimetres, fruit tree to 20 centimeters trench diggings being deeply 10 centimetres, and the urea applying 0.1 kilogram in described annular ditch topdresses; B1, fruit seedling plant after Second Year rise, be the annular ditch of 10 centimetres to 20 centimetres deeply along fruit tree Guan Dishuixianchu trench digging respectively during annual February to March and during May to June, and the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium applying 0.5 kilogram to 2 kilograms in described annular ditch is topdressed.
Further: the pest control measure of step e is: the pest control measure of step e is: a2, when young sprout rudiment turns green, spray rudiments with dichlorvos 700 times ~ 800 times liquid; B2, during annual May to August, fruit tree to be generally investigated by strain, and lunge worm channel with iron wire, be then injected into worm channel with dichlorvos 700 doubly to 800 times liquid, and seal worm channel with mud; C2, annual winter remove disease branch, deadwood, and concentrate and burn; At fruit tree their early stage, with thiophanate methyl 700 doubly to 800 times liquid or carbendazim 700 doubly to 800 times liquid fruit tree sprayed 2 times to 3 times or with P applied levels 800 doubly to 1000 times liquid, 1 time to 2 times sprayed to fruit tree.
Further: the step of the pruning of step e is: a3, fixed dry: surely to do treelet before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, heading height is 1 meter ~ 1.5 meters and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B3, major branch are selected and remain: carry out selecting and remain of center leader's branch and 3 ground floor major branches to treelet before the fall foliage of fruit seedling field planting Second Year; Within after planting the 3rd year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 second layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Within after planting the 4th year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 third layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Ground floor major branch, distance between second layer major branch and third layer major branch are 1.5 meters, and the plug hole that staggers up and down between each major branch is selected and remain; Selecting and remain of c3, side shoot: described ground floor major branch is selected and remain 3 ~ 5 ground floor side shoots respectively; Described ground floor side shoot is apart from described ground floor major branch base portion 60 meters ~ 80 meters; Described second layer major branch to be selected and remain 2 ~ 3 second layer side shoots, 2 the 3rd side shoots that described third layer major branch is selected and remain; The plug hole that staggers mutually between described side shoot is selected and remain.
Further: the step of the pruning of step e is: a4, fixed dry: before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, treelet to be done surely, heading height be 1 meter to 1.5 meters and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B4, master branch are selected and remain: on heading height, select and remain 2 to 4 branches as master branch by different azimuth, the vertical range on described master branch base portion and ground is respectively 20 centimetres to 40 centimetres, and the angle of described master branch and horizontal plane is respectively 40 degree to 60 degree; C4, a point side shoot are selected and remain: 3 to 4 fraction side shoots that each described master branch is selected and remain, and stagger respectively between a described fraction side shoot and select and remain, the distance of a described fraction side shoot and described master branch base portion is respectively 1 meter; A described fraction side shoot to be selected and remain respectively 1 to 2 two fraction side shoots, cultivation results branch group respectively on described two fraction side shoots.
Further: in the orchard of steps A, to press line-spacing 2.6 meters, spacing in the rows is 2.6 meters and digs multiple described plantation hole, and the length in described plantation hole is 0.8 meter, and width is 0.8 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.8 meter.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1, apply owing to digging plantation hole the farmers''s base manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and impose on after soil is mixed with base manure in the middle of soil horizon, not only can ensure walnut growth needed for nutrient component obtain fully, reasonable supplement, for high and stable yield is laid a good foundation, and fruit seedling can not be burnt out because fertilizer is too sufficient, even if also can reach good harvest at the plot plantation walnut that soil property is thin compared with ridge, and fruit environmental protection, mouthfeel are better;
2, due to the field planting of step D, be beneficial to the growth of root system, and effectively can control water, fertilizer conservation does not run off, and promotes that it grows, and goes back preventable disease insect pest;
3, due to the pruning of step e, major branch layering raw, and ventilation and penetrating light is good; Make the mobile jib of fruit tree, major branch, the combination of center branch firmly, negative cutting is measured greatly, and the life-span is long, and makes tree-like plentiful, adds setting fruit position;
4, the present invention can keep walnut robust plant, long-term growth situation is excellent, in actual plantation, survival rate has brought up to more than 90% from traditional 45%, walnut diameter year increases by more than 1.8 centimeters, branch out in year and reach 76, can bear fruit in advance compared with the walnut planted with traditional cultivating technology solid, output exceeds 25% than traditional cultivation method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment one
This walnut cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
A, selection of land: select height above sea level 400 meters to 405 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 degrees Celsius to 19 degrees Celsius, mean annual precipitation 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters, year sunshine duration be 1447 little of 1600 hours, P in soil h value be the loam of 6.3 as orchard;
B, dig plantation hole: by line-spacing 2.6 meters in the orchard of steps A, spacing in the rows be 2.6 meters dig multiple plantation hole, plant cheat length be 0.8 meter, width is 0.8 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.8 meter;
C, basal dressing: the loam putting into 1/3rd volumes respectively in plantation hole, then put into the loam of 1/3rd and the mixture of base manure, then cover loam is until upper 30 centimetres above ground level; Base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, and mixture is mixed by the base manure of 10 kilograms and 3 kilograms of loams and forms;
D, field planting: dig cave at the soil top in each plantation hole first respectively, connect with mixture at the bottom of cave; In cave, put into the thick slurry of mixing, in the thick slurry of mixing that fruit shoot root system is stretched in implantation cave naturally, mix thick slurry and be made up of the loam mixing of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 5 kilograms, the water of 1 kilogram and 1 kilogram; Cover the thick slurry of mixing with loam, the loam around root system is treaded simultaneously; The annular low bank of earth between fields of a ponding is done again around cave; Then covering with plastic film on cave, make fruit seedling through the aperture of ground center membrane, aperture fine earth covers, in all placing into the soil in the edge of film; Drench into normal root water along trunk;
E, orchard management: daily irrigation is carried out to fruit seedling, topdresses, the extermination of disease and insect pest and pruning management; Wherein
The step of topdressing is: mulch film takes out by a1, June then after fruit seedling is planted, be then the annular ditch of 10 centimetres deeply at distance fruit tree 15 centimeters trench digging, and the urea applying 0.1 kilogram in annular ditch topdresses; B1, fruit seedling plant after Second Year rise, annual February and May are the annular ditch of 10 centimetres along fruit tree Guan Dishuixianchu trench digging respectively deeply, and the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium applying 0.5 kilogram in annular ditch is topdressed;
The measure of the extermination of disease and insect pest is: a2, when young sprout rudiment turns green, sprays rudiments, prevent and treat black shell worm with dichlorvos 700 times of liquid; B2, during annual May to August, fruit tree to be generally investigated by strain, and lunge worm channel with iron wire, then use 700 times of dichlorvos injecting liquid drug worm inlet holes, and seal worm channel with mud, longicorn is prevented and treated; C2 removes disease branch, deadwood annual winter, and concentrate burn; At fruit tree their early stage, with thiophanate methyl 700 times of liquid, 2 times are sprayed to fruit tree and anthracnose is prevented and treated;
The step of pruning is: a3, fixed dry: surely does treelet before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, and heading height is 1 meter and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B3, major branch are selected and remain: carry out selecting and remain of center leader's branch and 3 ground floor major branches to treelet before the fall foliage of fruit seedling field planting Second Year; Within after planting the 3rd year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 second layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Within after planting the 4th year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 third layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Ground floor major branch, distance between second layer major branch and third layer major branch are 1.5 meters, and the plug hole that staggers up and down between each major branch is selected and remain; Selecting and remain of c3, side shoot: ground floor major branch is selected and remain 3 ground floor side shoots respectively; Ground floor side shoot distance ground floor major branch base portion 60 meters; Second layer major branch to be selected and remain 2 second layer side shoots, 2 the 3rd side shoots that third layer major branch is selected and remain; The plug hole that staggers mutually between side shoot is selected and remain;
F, proper mature (ripe) are gathered.
Embodiment two
This walnut cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
A, selection of land: select height above sea level 500 meters to 700 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 degrees Celsius to 19 degrees Celsius, mean annual precipitation 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters, year sunshine duration be 1447 little of 1600 hours, P in soil h value is that the soil of 8 is as orchard; Soil is loam;
B, dig plantation hole: by line-spacing 2.6 meters in the orchard of steps A, spacing in the rows be 2.6 meters dig multiple plantation hole, plant cheat length be 0.8 meter, width is 0.8 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.8 meter;
C, basal dressing: the loam putting into 1/3rd volumes respectively in plantation hole, then put into the loam of 1/3rd and the mixture of base manure, then cover loam is until upper 30 centimetres above ground level; Base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, and mixture is mixed by the well-rotted farmyard manure of 15 kilograms and 5 kilograms of loams and forms;
D, field planting: dig cave at the soil top in each plantation hole first respectively, connect with mixture at the bottom of cave; In cave, put into the thick slurry of mixing, in the thick slurry of mixing that fruit shoot root system is stretched in implantation cave naturally, mix thick slurry and be made up of the loam mixing of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 10 kilograms, the water of 3 kilograms and 3 kilograms; Cover the thick slurry of mixing with loam, the loam around root system is treaded simultaneously; The annular low bank of earth between fields of a ponding is done again around cave; Then covering with plastic film on cave, make fruit seedling through the aperture of ground center membrane, aperture fine earth covers, and the edge of film is all imbedded in loam; Drench into normal root water along trunk;
E, orchard management: daily irrigation is carried out to fruit seedling, topdresses, the extermination of disease and insect pest and pruning management; Wherein
The step of topdressing is: mulch film takes out by a1, July then after fruit seedling is planted, be then the annular ditch of 10 centimetres deeply at distance fruit tree 20 centimeters trench digging, and the urea applying 0.1 kilogram in annular ditch topdresses; B1, fruit seedling plant after Second Year rise, annual March and June are the annular ditch of 20 centimetres along fruit tree Guan Dishuixianchu trench digging respectively deeply, and the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium applying 2 kilograms in annular ditch is topdressed;
The extermination of disease and insect pest, comprises a2, when young sprout rudiment turns green, sprays rudiment, prevent and treat black shell worm with dichlorvos 800 times of liquid; B2, during annual May to August, fruit tree to be generally investigated by strain, and lunge worm channel with iron wire, be then injected into worm channel with dichlorvos 800 times of liquid, and seal worm channel with mud, longicorn is prevented and treated; C2, annual winter remove disease branch, deadwood, and concentrate and burn; At fruit tree their early stage, with thiophanate methyl 800 times of liquid, 3 times are sprayed to fruit tree, anthracnose is prevented and treated;
The step of pruning is: a3, fixed dry: surely does treelet before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, and heading height is 1.5 meters and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B3, major branch are selected and remain: carry out selecting and remain of center leader's branch and 3 ground floor major branches to treelet before the fall foliage of fruit seedling field planting Second Year; Within after planting the 3rd year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 second layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Within after planting the 4th year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 third layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Ground floor major branch, distance between second layer major branch and third layer major branch are 1.5 meters, and the plug hole that staggers up and down between each major branch is selected and remain; Selecting and remain of c3, side shoot: ground floor major branch is selected and remain 5 ground floor side shoots respectively; Ground floor side shoot is apart from ground floor major branch base portion 80 meters; Second layer major branch to be selected and remain 3 second layer side shoots, 2 the 3rd side shoots that third layer major branch is selected and remain; The plug hole that staggers mutually between side shoot is selected and remain;
F, proper mature (ripe) are gathered.
Embodiment three
This walnut cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
A, selection of land: select height above sea level 608 meters to 750 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 degrees Celsius to 19 degrees Celsius, mean annual precipitation 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters, year sunshine duration be 1447 little of 1600 hours, P in soil h value is that the soil of 7 is as orchard; Soil is sandy loam;
B, dig plantation hole: by line-spacing 2.6 meters in the orchard of steps A, spacing in the rows be 2.6 meters dig multiple plantation hole, plant cheat length be 0.8 meter, width is 0.8 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.8 meter;
C, basal dressing: the sandy loam putting into 1/3rd volumes respectively in plantation hole, then put into the sandy loam of 1/3rd and the mixture of base manure, then cover sandy loam until upper 30 centimetres above ground level; Base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, and mixture is made up of 12 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manures and 4 kilograms of sandy loams mixing;
D, field planting: dig cave at the sandy loam top in each plantation hole first respectively, connect with mixture at the bottom of cave; In cave, put into the thick slurry of mixing, in the thick slurry of mixing that fruit shoot root system is stretched in implantation cave naturally, mix thick slurry and be made up of the sandy soil earth mixing of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 7 kilograms, the water of 2 kilograms and 2 kilograms; Cover the thick slurry of mixing with sandy loam, the sandy loam around root system is treaded simultaneously; The annular low bank of earth between fields of a ponding is done again around cave; Then covering with plastic film on cave, make fruit seedling through the aperture of ground center membrane, aperture fine earth covers, and the edge of film is all imbedded in sandy loam; Drench into normal root water along trunk;
E, orchard management: daily irrigation is carried out to fruit seedling, topdresses, the extermination of disease and insect pest and pruning management; Wherein
The step of topdressing is: mulch film takes out by a1, June then after fruit seedling is planted, be then the annular ditch of 10 centimetres deeply at distance fruit tree 18 centimeters trench digging, and the urea applying 0.1 kilogram in annular ditch topdresses; B1, fruit seedling plant after Second Year rise, respectively along the annular ditch that fruit tree Guan Dishuixianchu trench digging is 16 centimetres deeply during annual mid-February and mid-May, and the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium applying 1 kilogram in annular ditch is topdressed;
The measure of the extermination of disease and insect pest is: a2, when young sprout rudiment turns green, sprays rudiments, prevent and treat black shell worm with dichlorvos 750 times of liquid; B2, during annual May to August, fruit tree to be generally investigated by strain, and lunge worm channel with iron wire, then use 750 dichlorvos injecting liquid drug worm inlet holes, and seal worm channel with mud, longicorn is prevented and treated; C2 removes disease branch, deadwood annual winter, and concentrate burn; At fruit tree their early stage, doubly 3 times are sprayed to fruit tree with carbendazim 700, anthracnose is prevented and treated;
The step of pruning is: a4, fixed dry: surely does treelet before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, and heading height is 1 meter and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B4, master branch are selected and remain: on heading height, select and remain 2 branches as master branch by different azimuth, the vertical range on master branch base portion and ground is respectively 20 centimetres, and the angle of master branch and level is respectively 40 degree; C4, a point side shoot are selected and remain: 3 fraction side shoots that each master branch is selected and remain, and stagger respectively between a fraction side shoot and select and remain, the distance of a fraction side shoot and master branch base portion is respectively 1 meter; One fraction side shoot to be selected and remain respectively 1 two fraction side shoot, cultivation results branch group respectively on two fraction side shoots.
Embodiment four
This walnut cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
A, selection of land: select height above sea level 820 meters to 1000 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 degrees Celsius to 19 degrees Celsius, mean annual precipitation 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters, year sunshine duration be 1447 little of 1600 hours, P in soil h value is that the soil of 7.3 is as orchard; Soil is sandy loam;
B, dig plantation hole: by line-spacing 2.6 meters in the orchard of steps A, spacing in the rows be 2.6 meters dig multiple plantation hole, plant cheat length be 0.8 meter, width is 0.8 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.8 meter;
C, basal dressing: the sandy loam putting into 1/3rd volumes respectively in plantation hole, then put into the sandy loam of 1/3rd and the mixture of base manure, then cover sandy loam until upper 30 centimetres above ground level; Base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, and mixture is made up of 10 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manures and 3 kilograms of sandy loams mixing;
D, field planting: dig cave at the sandy loam top in each plantation hole first respectively, connect with mixture at the bottom of cave; In cave, put into the thick slurry of mixing, in the thick slurry of mixing that fruit shoot root system is stretched in implantation cave naturally, mix thick slurry and be made up of the sandy loam mixing of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 8 kilograms, the water of 2.2 kilograms and 2.3 kilograms; Cover the thick slurry of mixing with sandy loam, the sandy loam around root system is treaded simultaneously; The annular low bank of earth between fields of a ponding is done again around cave; Then covering with plastic film on cave, make fruit seedling through the aperture of ground center membrane, aperture fine earth covers, and the edge of film is all imbedded in sandy loam; Drench into normal root water along trunk;
E, orchard management: daily irrigation is carried out to fruit seedling, topdresses, the extermination of disease and insect pest and pruning management; Wherein
The step of topdressing is: mulch film takes out by a1, July then after fruit seedling is planted, be then the annular ditch of 10 centimetres deeply at distance fruit tree 18 centimeters trench digging, and the urea applying 0.1 kilogram in annular ditch topdresses; B1, fruit seedling plant after Second Year rise, annual February and May are the annular ditch of 10 centimetres to 20 centimetres along fruit tree Guan Dishuixianchu trench digging respectively deeply, and the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium applying 1.2 kilograms in annular ditch is topdressed;
The measure of the extermination of disease and insect pest is: a2, when young sprout rudiment turns green, sprays rudiments, prevent and treat black shell worm with dichlorvos 800 times of liquid; B2, during annual May to August, fruit tree to be generally investigated by strain, and lunge worm channel with iron wire, be then injected into worm channel with dichlorvos 800 times of liquid, and seal worm channel with mud, longicorn is prevented and treated; C2, annual winter remove disease branch, deadwood, and concentrate and burn; At fruit tree their early stage, with P applied levels 800 times of liquid, 1 time is sprayed to fruit tree, anthracnose is prevented and treated;
The step of pruning is: a4, fixed dry: surely does treelet before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, and heading height is 1.5 meters and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B4, master branch are selected and remain: on heading height, select and remain 4 branches as master branch by different azimuth, the vertical range on master branch base portion and ground is respectively 40 centimetres, and the angle of master branch and level is respectively 60 degree; C4, a point side shoot are selected and remain: 4 fraction side shoots that each master branch is selected and remain, and stagger respectively between a fraction side shoot and select and remain, the distance of a fraction side shoot and master branch base portion is respectively 1 meter; One fraction side shoot to be selected and remain respectively 2 two fraction side shoots, cultivation results branch group respectively on two fraction side shoots.
Embodiment five
At fruit tree their early stage, with P applied levels 1000 times of liquid, 2 times are sprayed to fruit tree; All the other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six
At fruit tree their early stage, carbendazim 800 times of liquid spray 2 times to fruit tree; All the other are all identical with embodiment two.
Claims (7)
1. a walnut cultivation method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A selection of land: select height above sea level 400 meters to 1000 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 degrees Celsius to 19 degrees Celsius, mean annual precipitation 800 millimeters to 1500 millimeters, year sunshine duration be 1447 little of 1600 hours, P in soil h value is that the soil of 6.3 to 8 is as orchard; Described soil is loam or sandy loam;
B, dig plantation hole: dig in the orchard of steps A multiple plantation cheat;
C, basal dressing: the soil putting into corresponding plantation hole volume 1/3rd respectively in each described plantation hole, then put into the soil of 1/3rd and the mixture of base manure, then mulching soil is until 30 centimetres above ground level;
D, field planting: dig cave in the top, plantation hole of step C, connect with described mixture at the bottom of cave; In cave, put into the thick slurry of mixing, make fruit shoot root system naturally stretch in the thick slurry of mixing implanted in cave, cover the thick slurry of mixing with soil, the soil around root system is treaded simultaneously; The annular low bank of earth between fields of a ponding is done again around cave; Then covering with plastic film on cave, make fruit seedling through the aperture of ground center membrane, aperture fine earth covers, in all placing into the soil in the edge of film; Drench into normal root water along trunk;
E, orchard management: daily irrigation is carried out to described fruit seedling, topdresses, the extermination of disease and insect pest and pruning management;
F, proper mature (ripe) are gathered.
2. walnut cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described base manure is well-rotted farmyard manure, and described mixture is made up of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 10 ~ 15 weight portions and the soil mixing of 3 ~ 5 weight portions; The thick slurry of described mixing is made up of the soil mixing of the well-rotted farmyard manure of 5 ~ 10 weight portions, the water of 1 ~ 3 weight portion and 1 ~ 3 weight portion.
3. walnut cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the step of topdressing of step e is: during a1, June to July then after fruit seedling is planted, mulch film is taken out, then at the annular ditch apart from 15 centimetres, fruit tree to 20 centimeters trench diggings being deeply 10 centimetres, and the urea applying 0.1 kilogram in described annular ditch topdresses; B1, fruit seedling plant after Second Year rise, be the annular ditch of 10 centimetres to 20 centimetres deeply along fruit tree Guan Dishuixianchu trench digging respectively during annual February to March and during May to June, and the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium applying 0.5 kilogram to 2 kilograms in described annular ditch is topdressed.
4. walnut cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the pest control measure of step e is: a2, when young sprout rudiment turns green, sprays rudiments with dichlorvos 700 times ~ 800 times liquid; B2, during annual May to August, fruit tree to be generally investigated by strain, and lunge worm channel with iron wire, be then injected into worm channel with dichlorvos 700 doubly to 800 times liquid, and seal worm channel with mud; C2, annual winter remove disease branch, deadwood, and concentrate and burn; At fruit tree their early stage, with thiophanate methyl 700 doubly to 800 times liquid or carbendazim 700 doubly to 800 times liquid fruit tree sprayed 2 times to 3 times or with P applied levels 800 doubly to 1000 times liquid, 1 time to 2 times sprayed to fruit tree.
5. walnut cultivation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the step of the pruning of step e is: a3, fixed dry: surely does treelet before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, heading height is 1 meter ~ 1.5 meters and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B3, major branch are selected and remain: carry out selecting and remain of center leader's branch and 3 ground floor major branches to treelet before the fall foliage of fruit seedling field planting Second Year; Within after planting the 3rd year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 second layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Within after planting the 4th year, before fall foliage, selecting and remain of 2 third layer major branches is carried out to fruit tree; Ground floor major branch, distance between second layer major branch and third layer major branch are 1.5 meters, and the plug hole that staggers up and down between each major branch is selected and remain; Selecting and remain of c3, side shoot: described ground floor major branch is selected and remain 3 ~ 5 ground floor side shoots respectively; Described ground floor side shoot is apart from described ground floor major branch base portion 60 meters ~ 80 meters; Described second layer major branch to be selected and remain 2 ~ 3 second layer side shoots, 2 the 3rd side shoots that described third layer major branch is selected and remain; The plug hole that staggers mutually between described side shoot is selected and remain.
6. walnut cultivation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the step of the pruning of step e is: a4, fixed dry: before fruit seedling field planting fall foliage then, treelet is done surely, heading height be 1 meter to 1.5 meters and the full bud of treelet lee face of selecting and remain; B4, master branch are selected and remain: on heading height, select and remain 2 to 4 branches as master branch by different azimuth, the vertical range on described master branch base portion and ground is respectively 20 centimetres to 40 centimetres, and the angle of described master branch and horizontal plane is respectively 40 degree to 60 degree; C4, a point side shoot are selected and remain: 3 to 4 fraction side shoots that each described master branch is selected and remain, and stagger respectively between a described fraction side shoot and select and remain, the distance of a described fraction side shoot and described master branch base portion is respectively 1 meter; A described fraction side shoot to be selected and remain respectively 1 to 2 two fraction side shoots, cultivation results branch group respectively on described two fraction side shoots.
7. walnut cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: by line-spacing 2.6 meters in the orchard of steps A, and spacing in the rows is 2.6 meters and digs multiple described plantation hole, and the length in described plantation hole is 0.8 meter, and width is 0.8 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.8 meter.
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| CN107006322A (en) * | 2017-03-11 | 2017-08-04 | 建水凯达核桃种植有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield walnut |
| CN107409892A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-12-01 | 香格里拉县天利农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of walnut |
| CN107493914A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-22 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and corn, cat beans interplanting method |
| CN107517719A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-29 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and small tomatoe interplanting method |
| CN107667792A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-09 | 四川广安和诚林业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii high-survival rate type as one wishes builds native method for planting and high yield branch method |
| CN108925329A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 城步怡发水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods that pear tree can be promoted to shift to an earlier date fruiting |
| CN109673403A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-26 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and the numb interplanting method of corn, fire |
| CN113615533A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-09 | 北京园创园林景观工程有限公司 | Planting method of landscaping nursery stocks |
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| CN109673403A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-26 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and the numb interplanting method of corn, fire |
| CN107517719A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-29 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and small tomatoe interplanting method |
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| CN113615533A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-09 | 北京园创园林景观工程有限公司 | Planting method of landscaping nursery stocks |
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