CN104871068A - 自动立体增强现实显示器 - Google Patents

自动立体增强现实显示器 Download PDF

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CN104871068A
CN104871068A CN201380067523.1A CN201380067523A CN104871068A CN 104871068 A CN104871068 A CN 104871068A CN 201380067523 A CN201380067523 A CN 201380067523A CN 104871068 A CN104871068 A CN 104871068A
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S·J·罗宾斯
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Abstract

在自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例中，显示设备被实现为具有包括用于透视查看环境的波导的成像结构。波导还传送虚拟图像的光，该虚拟图像被生成作为出现在环境中的一距离处的近显示对象。该成像结构包括可开关衍射元件，这些可开关衍射元件被集成在波导中并被配置在各显示区中。这些可开关衍射元件可被开关来独立地激活这些显示区以用于进行校正以得到出现在环境中的该距离处的虚拟图像的准确立体视觉示图。

Description

自动立体增强现实显示器
背景
各种类型的计算、娱乐和/或移动设备(诸如平板和移动电话)可被实现成具有设备的用户可透过其查看周围环境的透明或半透明显示器。此外，增强的现实允许：用户可以透视(see through)设备的透明或半透明显示器以查看周围环境，并且还可以看见被生成以供显示的、表现为环境的一部分的虚拟对象的图像。增强现实可以包括任何类型的输入(诸如音频和触觉输入)、以及提高或增强用户所体验到的环境的虚拟图像、图形和视频。作为新兴技术，存在与增强的现实有关(尤其与将虚拟对象和图像显示在移动设备的显示器上使得它们在现实环境中看上去逼真有关)的挑战和设计约束。
当人以正常的双眼视觉查看环境时，立体视觉可感知深度。人通常用每一眼睛看见略微不同的环境图像，因为从环境中的对象到此人的左眼和右眼的角度将是不同的，并且这些差异提供了用于确定深度感知的线索。这也可被称为视差，视差是在查看环境中的对象时沿着两条不同的视线(诸如从人的左眼和从人的右眼)查看到的对象的视位置的角度差。对于远视野对象，在通过左眼和右眼看见的设备显示和远视野对象之间通常存在零视差。然而，当对象较近时，在左眼和右眼之间存在视差。
波导显示器可被利用来实现透视增强现实显示设备，诸如头戴式显示(HMD)眼镜或具有作为透镜的、用于将虚拟图像显示在增强现实环境中的近眼显示面板的其他可佩戴的显示设备。在头戴式显示设备中，在查看近视野虚拟对象时可独立地调整分别针对左眼和右眼的显示面板以提供正确的立体视觉线索。然而，立体视觉校正对于具有单个集成的波导显示器而无需使用眼镜(诸如LCD快门式眼镜或偏振眼镜)的可移动、手持式设备而言是不可用的。在使用具有增强现实显示器的可移动、手持式设备时必须利用眼镜来得到经校正的双眼视觉并不提供可行的用户体验。
概述
本概述引入私有交互中枢的特征和概念，并在下面具体实施方式中描述和/或在附图中示出这些特征和概念。本概述不应被认为描述了所要求保护的主题的必要特征，也不用于确定或限制所要求保护的主题的范围。
描述了自动立体增强现实显示器。在各实施例中，该显示设备被实现成具有包括用于透视查看环境的波导的成像结构。波导还传送虚拟图像的光，该虚拟图像被生成作为要出现在环境中的某距离处的近显示对象。该成像结构包括可开关衍射元件，这些可开关衍射元件被集成在波导中并被配置成在显示区中。这些可开关衍射元件可开关来独立地激活这些显示区以用于进行校正以得到出现在环境中的该距离处的虚拟图像的准确立体视觉示图。
在各实施例中，计算设备(诸如移动电话或平板设备)被实现成具有自动立体增强现实显示器，并且该计算设备包括用于独立地控制在显示设备的显示区中的各可开关衍射元件的激活的成像控制器。被集成在显示设备的波导中的可开关衍射元件可被实现成可开关布拉格光栅，该可开关布拉格光栅可被打开以投影虚拟图像以供显示。例如，虚拟图像的表示可被显示在第一显示区中以供用户用右眼进行查看，并且该虚拟图像的不同表示可被显示在第二显示区中以供用户用左眼进行查看。计算设备还包括元件驱动电路，该元件驱动电路用于基于成像控制器输入来选择性地激活在显示设备的显示区中的各可开关衍射元件。
在各实施例中，可开关衍射元件可被配置成在集成在显示设备中的各层叠元件集合中。层叠元件集合中的每一个可开关衍射元件以不同的视野衍射虚拟图像的光，并且不同的视野组合以得到跨越经激活的显示区的连续视野。计算设备还包括用于捕捉计算设备的用户的左眼和右眼的数字图像的相机，并且眼睛跟踪系统基于这些数字图像来跟踪左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置。眼睛跟踪系统还可确定从左眼和右眼到显示设备的距离，并确定左眼和右眼到显示设备的中心的视角。成像控制器被实现成基于左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置、从左眼和右眼到显示设备的距离以及左眼和右眼到显示设备的中心的视角来控制显示区中的各可开关衍射元件的激活。
附图简述
参考以下附图描述了自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例。可在全文中对附图中所示的类似特征和组件的标记使用相同的数字：
图1解说了根据一个或多个实施例的实现自动立体增强现实显示器的示例计算设备。
图2解说了根据一个或多个实施例的自动立体增强现实显示器的示例成像结构。
图3解说了实现自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例的示例计算设备。
图4解说了根据一个或多个实施例的自动立体增强现实显示器的示例实现。
图5解说了根据一个或多个实施例的自动立体增强现实显示器的示例方法。
图6解说了可实现自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例的示例设备的各组件。
详细描述
描述了自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例。该显示设备可被实现成具有透视波导，该透视波导包括集成的可开关衍射元件，诸如可开关布拉格光栅(SBG)。该显示设备可被实现在移动电话、平板或其他类型的计算设备中，并提供虚拟图像的真实的自动立体显示呈现，该虚拟图像被生成作为出现在增强现实环境的一距离处的近显示对象。将虚拟图像的准确立体视觉示图提供给设备用户的左眼和右眼以实现立体视觉，而无需附加的眼镜。被投影到用户的左眼和右眼的虚拟图像是不同的，如显示设备的被独立控制的显示区中所显示的。分别针对左眼和右眼的显示是从单个手持式设备显示中生成的。
虽然一般是参考手持式移动设备来描述的，但自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例可被实现成用于大型显示器(诸如车载平视显示器)或甚至用于更大架构的显示器以及用于任何尺寸和/或配置的非透视显示器，以得到被显示以供查看的虚拟图像的准确立体视觉视图。
尽管自动立体增强现实显示器的各特征和概念可用任意数量的不同设备、系统、环境和/或配置来实现，但自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例在以下示例设备、系统和方法的上下文中进行描述。
图1示出了实现自动立体增强现实显示器(被称为显示设备104)的各实施例的计算设备102的示例100。示例计算设备可以是诸如移动电话、平板设备、计算设备、通信设备、娱乐设备、游戏设备、媒体回放设备和/或其他类型的设备的有线或无线设备中的任一者或组合。可以用各种组件来实现这些设备中的任一个，诸如处理系统和存储器、用于捕捉数字图像的前集成数字相机和后集成数字相机106以及如参考图3和6所示的示例设备进一步描述的任意数量的不同组件及其组合。
在该示例中，显示设备104是透明的或半透明的，如用户在从视角110透过显示设备查看环境108时所感知到的。虚拟图像112可由计算设备102生成作为被显示设备104显示成出现在环境中的某距离处的近显示对象，以实现增强的现实视图。例如，啤酒瓶和啤酒杯的虚拟图像可被生成以表现为好像被放置在作为环境的物理部分的啤酒桶上。
对于近显示对象(诸如被投影成表现为环境108的一部分的虚拟图像112)，计算设备102的用户的左眼和右眼114的观察角116将是不同的。如上所述，视差是在查看环境中的虚拟图像时沿着两条不同的视线(诸如从人的左眼和右眼)查看到的虚拟图像的视位置的角度差。然而，立体视觉深度感知无法被用户确定，因为虚拟图像实际上是显示在显示设备104上的近显示对象，这与虚拟图像实际上是环境在所投影的位置118处的物理部分的情况相比,更接近用户的左眼和右眼114。
如参考图2所描述的，显示设备104可被实现成具有自动立体的增强现实显示器的成像结构，并且虚拟图像112可被生成来得到向用户的左眼和右眼114提供的该虚拟图像的准确立体视觉示图以实现立体视觉，而无需附加的眼镜。此外，计算设备102包括集成的数字相机106，其可被利用来捕捉环境108的数字图像以及左眼和右眼114的数字图像。环境的数字图像可被利用来确定各虚拟图像与环境中的其他近显示对象的正确关系。用户的左眼和右眼的数字图像可被利用来跟踪这些眼睛的位置以供与近显示对象(诸如虚拟图像112)的显示位置相关。
图2解说了根据本文中描述的各实施例的可被利用来实现自动立体增强现实显示器(诸如参考图1描述的显示设备104)的示例成像结构200。示例成像结构200被实现为具有透视反射波导202，该透视反射波导202包括诸如可用可开关布拉格光栅(SBG)实现的可开关衍射元件204。可开关布拉格光栅由SBG实验室制造，并且被描述为具有亚毫秒级开关速度，从而在被激活时提供高衍射效率，并在停止活动时提供光学透明度。SBG利用全息聚合物分散液晶，并且在被关闭时，该液晶的折射指数基本匹配波导的周围聚合物的折射指数，使得SBG实质上对显示光是透明的。当SBG被打开时，该液晶与波导的聚合物具有不同的折射指数，并且虚拟图像的光被衍射以显示在显示设备上。
透视反射波导202是被实现用于对虚拟图像112的可见光206进行内反射的显示光学器件，虚拟图像112由计算设备102的成像单元生成并被投影以供用户查看(如参考图1所描述的)。波导还使来自周围环境的光通过以供用户查看。如208处所示，如果显示设备104与左眼212和右眼214的瞳孔之间的瞳距(IPD)210相比更宽，则针对左眼的显示区218中从α°toθ°的视野216与针对右眼的显示区222中从α°toθ°的视野220相同。这通常被称为双眼重叠，并且其随着显示器尺寸并随着减小的观察距离(即，显示器距用户更近)而增大。还示出了在左眼和右眼之间的射线跟踪垂直平分线(bisecor)224，并且该垂直平分线建立了由左眼212查看的显示器的左边区域(其包括显示区218)，并建立了由右眼214查看的显示器的右边区域(其包括显示区222)。
被集成在波导202中的可开关衍射元件204(例如，SBG)可通过在各元件层之间施加电势来打开并通过移除该电势来关闭。成像结构200可包括元件驱动电路226(仅部分示出)，该元件驱动电路226可被控制来选择性地激活可开关衍射元件204。元件驱动电路226可被实现成将各个体可开关衍射元件和/或可开关衍射元件的分组控制成显示设备104的显示区。成像结构200的导电层可被分区成各部分，这些部分被选择性地激活以控制显示区(诸如左眼显示区218和右眼显示区222)中的可切换衍射元件。
在各实施例中，被集成在成像结构200的波导202中的可开关衍射元件204可被配置在各层叠元件集合228中，如230处的多个重叠的SBG的示例中所解说的。层叠元件集合228中的每一个可开关衍射元件204以不同的视野衍射虚拟图像的光，如232处进一步解说的。由层叠元件集合中的每一个可开关衍射元件所投影的不同视野可组合以得到跨越显示设备104的经激活显示区的总体连续视野。在包括SBG作为成像结构200的可开关衍射元件204的实现中，每一SBG都投影与显示设备同步的小视野，并且连续视野由相继开启的每一个SBG(例如，在各层叠元件集合中)生成。可开关衍射元件204以与人可察觉的相比更快的速度切换，并且各视野将被感知成一个连续的显示而非被感知成分开的显示。
图3解说了参考图1和图2来示出并描述的计算设备102的示例。该计算设备包括自动立体增强现实显示器(例如，显示设备104)，该自动立体增强现实显示器被实现成具有成像结构200，如参考图2所描述的。显示设备104可基于被集成在成像结构的波导202中的可开关衍射元件204的配置而被分配到各显示区300的。显示设备的各显示区可被独立地控制以用于进行校正以得到出现在环境108中的该距离处的虚拟图像112的准确立体视觉视图，如图1所示出的。显示设备的成像结构可被控制成将虚拟图像的一表示显示在第一显示区中以供用户用右眼进行查看，并将该虚拟图像的不同表示显示在第二显示区中以供用户用左眼进行查看。
计算设备102包括成像系统302，该成像系统302生成虚拟图像112以供在显示设备104上显示作为出现在可透过显示设备查看到的环境108的某距离处的近显示对象。成像系统302可被实现成具有任何类型的用于将虚拟图像112的光206显示并投影在显示设备的成像结构200的透视和反射波导202中的光学器件、透镜、微显示面板、和/或反射元件。
计算设备102还包括用于捕捉该设备的用户的左眼和右眼的数字图像的数字相机106。如参考图1所示和所描述的，计算设备102可包括前集成数字相机和后集成数字相机106两者，其可被利用来捕捉环境108的数字图像(例如，视频和/或静止图像)以及该设备的用户的左眼和右眼114的数字图像。
计算设备102实现眼睛跟踪系统304以基于这些数字图像来跟踪用户的左眼和右眼114的瞳孔位置。眼睛跟踪系统还被实现成确定从左眼和右眼到显示设备104的距离，并确定左眼和右眼到显示设备的中心的视角。眼睛跟踪系统可确定左眼和右眼相对于显示设备的位置，包括确定左眼和右眼是否相对于该显示设备在不同的查看平面上，并且各显示区可随后基于该相对眼睛位置被打开和/或关闭。参考图4进一步描述了显示区开关的示例。
计算设备102还可包括各种传感器306，这些传感器提供附加的参考数据(例如，作为对用数字相机捕捉到的数字图像的补充)以允许将显示设备104与环境中的现实对象配准。传感器可包括用于进行基于惯性的跟踪的组件和/或定位系统组件，诸如GPS接收机和磁传感器(例如，罗盘)。各种传感器还可包括温度传感器以及惯性传感器和/或姿态传感器(包括用于感测计算设备的位置、取向和加速度的MEMS陀螺仪和加速度传感器)之一或其组合。此外，这些传感器可包括用于记录来自周围环境的音频数据的话筒、以及用于作为增强现实体验的一部分的音频反馈的输出。
计算设备102具有成像控制器308，该成像控制器308可被实现成软件应用，并作为被存储在计算机可读存储介质(诸如任意合适的存储器设备或电子数据存储)上的可执行指令被维护在计算设备102上。另外，成像控制器可以用计算设备的处理系统来执行以实现自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例。此外，计算设备可被实现为具有各种组件(诸如处理系统和存储器)以及参考图6所示的示例设备进一步描述的任意数量的不同组件及其组合。
成像控制器308还控制元件驱动电路226，该元件驱动电路226基于成像控制器的输入来选择性地激活显示设备104中的相应显示区300中的可开关衍射元件204。可基于如由眼睛跟踪系统304确定的左眼和右眼的位置和移动来在各交替帧中打开和关闭各显示区。在各实现中，基于左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置、从左眼和右眼到显示设备的距离和左眼和右眼到显示设备的中心的视角来控制(例如，打开和关闭)显示设备的相应显示区中的各可开关衍射元件的激活。
成像控制器308被实现成在眼睛跟踪系统304确定左眼和右眼相对于显示设备的位置和移动时，动态地确定显示设备104的左眼和右眼显示区300。各显示区被活动地开关以便不在相同的时间投影，并且被投影到左眼和右眼的各交替显示区包括合适的矢量调整以促成近显示对象(例如，虚拟图像112)是相对于环境中的对象的正确视角放置的。
成像控制器308可为来自成像结构200中的可开关衍射元件204的每一经投影视野确定在用户的左眼和右眼之间的射线跟踪垂直平分线224(也被称为中央眼位置)，如参考图2所示和所描述的。由于显示设备104被小块化成实现有开关衍射元件，每一小块表示一新的视野，并且针对左眼和右眼的显示区是通过相对于当前平分线眼睛位置为每一小块计算射线跟踪平分线224来确定的。例如，如果可开关衍射元件204具有10°的视野，则在-5°到+5°之间每一可开关衍射元件的射线跟踪平分线为0°，并且其从左眼和右眼之间的中央眼位置开始一直绘制到显示设备的显示区。对于所确定的每一可开关衍射元件的视野，左边的显示区片段可为左眼打开，并且右边的显示区片段可为右眼打开。
类似地，针对左眼和右眼的显示区300可基于可开关衍射元件的其他视野来确定。例如，-15°到-5°的左显示区片段和右显示区片段以-10°处的射线跟踪平分线为中心，其从左眼和右眼之间的中央眼位置开始一直绘制到显示设备的显示区。显示区片段可取决于从中央眼位置开始的射线跟踪平分线而向左和/或向右移位。这些显示区片段可取决于由根据跟踪系统304确定的左眼和右眼位置和移动而向旁边移位。在各实现中，显示区片段的尺寸可取决于查看距离而改变。对于较远的查看距离，更有可能来自显示设备的成像结构的经投影光将跨越从右眼到左眼的范围，并且尤其适合于用户的快速眼睛移动。此外，如果检测到快速左眼和右眼移动，则可将显示区片段设置为更宽，使得存在丢失视野的较小可能性。
图4解说了自动立体增强现实显示器(诸如参考图1-3描述的显示设备104)的示例实现400。在该示例中，显示设备104被分配到五个显示区401-405，这五个显示区401-405由元件驱动电路226的相应电势V1到V5活动地控制，如参考图2所描述的。当计算设备102的眼睛跟踪系统304确定用户的眼睛位于位置406时，显示区401、402和404的可开关衍射元件204被打开，并且显示区403和405被关闭。显示区401和402两者都是为左眼打开的，因为左眼的位置在这两个显示区附近。此外，仅大约百分之六十((60％)的显示设备被照明，从而节省了大致百分之四十(40％)的功率，而这些功率原本被利用来照明整个显示器。
类似地，当眼睛跟踪系统304确定用户的眼睛位于位置408时，显示区402、404和405的可开关衍射元件204被打开，并且显示区401和403被关闭。显示区404和405两者都是为右眼打开的，因为右眼的位置在这两个显示区附近。此外，当眼睛跟踪系统304确定用户的眼睛位于位置410时，显示区402、403和405的可开关衍射元件204被打开，并且显示区401和404被关闭。显示区402和403两者都是为左眼打开的，因为左眼的位置在这两个显示区附近。
参考图5描述了根据自动立体增强现实显示器的一个或多个实施例的示例方法500。一般来说，本文描述的服务、组件、模块、方法以及操作中的任一个都可使用软件、固件、硬件(例如，固定逻辑电路)、手动处理或其任意组合来实现。示例方法可在存储在计算机可读存储介质上的可执行指令的通用上下文中来描述，该计算机可读存储介质是计算机处理系统本地和/或远程的，并且各实施方式可包括软件应用、程序、功能等。
图5解说了自动立体增强现实显示器的示例方法500。描述方法的次序并不旨在解释为限制，并且任何数量的所述方法操作都可以按任何次序组合以实现本方法或实现替换方法。
在框502，生成虚拟图像以供显示在显示设备上。例如，在计算设备102(图3)处实现的成像系统302生成虚拟图像112以供显示在诸如在计算设备102(图1)处实现的自动立体增强现实显示器(例如，显示设备104)上。虚拟图像被生成作为出现在可透过显示设备查看的环境108中的某距离处的近显示对象，以实现增强现实成像。
在504，基于捕捉用户眼睛位置的数字图像来跟踪用户的左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置。例如，与计算设备102集成的数字相机106捕捉计算设备的用户的左眼和右眼114的数字图像，并且眼睛跟踪系统304基于该数字图像来跟踪左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置。
在506，确定从左眼和右眼到显示设备的距离。例如，计算设备102处的眼睛跟踪系统304基于由数字相机106捕捉的数字图像来确定从计算设备的用户的左眼和右眼114到显示设备104的距离。在508，确定左眼和右眼到显示设备的中心的视角。例如，计算设备102处的眼睛跟踪系统304还基于由数字相机捕捉到的数字图像来确定用户的左眼和右眼114到显示设备104的中心的视角116。
在510，控制被配置在显示设备的显示区中的可开关衍射元件的激活。例如，计算设备102处的成像控制器308控制被配置在显示设备104的显示区300中的各可开关衍射元件204的激活。显示设备的显示区可被独立地控制以用于进行校正以得到出现在环境108中的该距离处的虚拟图像112的准确立体视觉视图。基于来自成像控制器308成像控制器输入来选择性地激活显示设备的各显示区中的可开关衍射元件来投影虚拟图像以供显示。此外，基于左眼和右眼114的瞳孔位置(在504处确定)、从左眼和右眼到显示设备的距离(在506处确定)以及左眼和右眼到显示设备的中心的视角116(在508处确定)来控制显示区中的各可开关衍射元件的激活。
在512，生成连续视野，该连续视野跨越经激活的显示区。例如，计算设备102处的成像控制器308控制元件驱动电路226以选择性地激活各层叠元件集合228中的可开关衍射元件204，其中层叠元件集合中的每一可开关衍射元件将虚拟图像112的光衍射在不同的视野中(如图2中的230和232处示出的)。由各层叠元件集合中的每一个可开关衍射元件投影的不同的视野组合以生成跨越显示设备的经激活的显示区的连续视野。
在514，显示虚拟图像作为出现在可透过显示设备查看的环境中的某距离处的近显示对象。例如，在显示设备102处实现的自动立体增强现实显示器(例如，显示设备104)将虚拟图像112显示在连续视野上作为出现在可透过显示设备查看的环境108中的某距离处的近显示对象。可将虚拟图像112的表示显示在右眼显示区222以供用户用右眼214查看，并且可将虚拟图像的不同表示显示在左眼显示区218中以供用户用左眼212查看。
图6解说了示例设备600的各个组件，该示例设备600可被实现为参考之前的图1-5来描述的任何设备，诸如实现自动立体增强现实显示器104的计算设备102。在各实施例中，设备600可被实现成任何类型的客户机设备、移动电话、平板设备、计算设备、通信设备、娱乐设备、游戏设备、媒体回放设备和/或其他类型的设备。
设备600包括允许设备数据604(比如虚拟图像数据、视频和图像数据以及存储在该设备上的其他媒体内容)的有线和/或无线通信的通信设备602。设备数据可以包括任何类型的音频、视频和/或图像数据。通信设备602还可包括用于蜂窝电话通信和/或网络数据通信的收发机。
设备600还包括提供设备、数据网络、以及其他设备之间的连接和/或通信链路的输入输出(I/O)接口606，如数据网络接口。I/O接口可被用来将该设备耦合到任何类型的组件、外围设备、和/或附件设备，诸如可与设备600集成的数字相机608。I/O接口还包括数据输入端口，经由该数据输入端口可以接收任何类型的数据、媒体内容和/或输入，诸如用户对设备的输入以及从任何内容和/或数据源接收的任何类型的音频、视频和/或图像数据。
I/O接口606还支持对设备600的自然用户界面(NUI)输入，诸如使得用户能够以“自然”方式与设备交互而无需由诸如鼠标、键盘、遥控器等输入设备强加的人为约束的任何接口技术。自然用户界面输入的示例可依赖于语音识别，触摸和指示笔识别，屏上姿势识别和接近该设备的运动姿势识别，头、眼以及环境识别和跟踪，增强现实和虚拟现实系统，以及可确定用户输入意图的任何其他类型的可听、视觉、触摸、姿势和/或机器智能。
设备600包括可至少部分地在硬件中如用处理可执行指令的任何类型的微处理器、控制器等实现的处理系统610。处理系统可包括集成电路组件、可编程逻辑器件、使用一个或多个半导体来形成的逻辑器件、以及硅和/或硬件的其他实现，如实现为片上系统(SoC)的处理器和存储器系统。另选地或补充地，设备可以用软件、硬件、固件或可以用处理和控制电路来实现的固定逻辑电路中的任何一个或其组合来实现。设备600还可包括将设备中的各组件相耦合的任何类型的系统总线或其他数据和命令传输系统。系统总线可包括不同总线结构和架构以及控制和数据线中的任何一个或组合。
设备600还包括计算机可读存储介质612，如可由计算设备访问并且提供数据和可执行指令(例如，软件应用、程序、函数等)的持久存储的数据存储设备。计算机可读存储介质的示例包括易失性存储器和非易失性存储器、固定和可移动媒体设备、以及维护数据以供计算设备访问的任何合适的存储器设备或电子数据存储。计算机可读存储介质可包括各种存储器设备配置中的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、闪存、以及其他类型的存储介质的各种实现。
通常，计算机可读存储介质表示相对于仅信号传输、载波、或信号本身而言，启用对数据的持久和/或非瞬态存储的介质和/或设备。计算机可读信号介质可以指诸如经由网络传送指令的信号承载介质。信号介质可将计算机可读指令体现为已调制数据信号中的数据，如载波或其他传输介质。
计算机可读存储介质612提供对设备数据604、来自数字相机608的捕捉到的图像数据614和各个设备应用616的存储，诸如被用计算机可读存储介质维护成软件应用并由处理系统610执行的操作系统。在该示例中，设备应用还包括实现自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例的成像控制器618，如当示例设备600被实现为计算设备102时。成像控制器618的示例包括在计算设备102处实现的成像控制器308，如参考图3所描述的。设备600还可包括可被用来确定该设备的全球或导航位置的定位系统620(如GPS收发机)或类似定位系统组件。
设备600还包括为音频设备624生成音频数据和/或为显示设备626生成显示数据的音频和/或视频处理系统622。在各实施例中，显示设备626还被实现成自动立体增强现实显示器。音频设备和/或显示设备包括处理、显示、和/或以其他方式呈现音频、视频、显示和/或图像数据(诸如被显示以供查看的虚拟图像)的任何设备。在各实现中，音频设备和/或显示设备是示例设备600的集成组件。替代地，音频设备和/或显示设备是示例设备的外部、周边组件。
尽管已经用特征和/或方法专用的语言描述了自动立体增强现实显示器的各实施例，但是所附权利要求的主题不必限于所述的具体特征或方法。相反，具体特征和方法是作为自动立体增强现实显示器的示例实现来公开的。

Claims (10)

1.一种成像结构，包括：
波导，所述波导被配置用于透视查看环境，所述波导被进一步配置成传送虚拟图像的光，所述虚拟图像被生成作为出现在所述环境的一距离处的近显示对象；以及
可开关衍射元件，所述可开关衍射元件被集成在所述波导中并被配置在显示区中，所述可开关衍射元件可被开关来独立地激活所述显示区以用于进行校正以得到出现在所述环境中的所述距离处的所述虚拟图像的准确立体视觉示图。
2.如权利要求1所述的成像结构，其特征在于，所述虚拟图像的一表示能显示在第一显示区中以供用户用右眼查看，并且所述虚拟图像的不同表示能显示在第二显示区中以供所述用户用左眼查看。
3.如权利要求1所述的成像结构，其特征在于，进一步包括元件驱动电路，所述元件驱动电路能被控制来选择性地激活所述显示区中的相应一个显示区中的可开关衍射元件以投影所述虚拟图像以供显示。
4.如权利要求1所述的成像结构，其特征在于，显示区中的所述可开关衍射元件被配置用于基于用户眼睛距所述成像结构的距离以及右眼和左眼到所述成像结构的中心的视角来激活。
5.如权利要求1所述的成像结构，其特征在于，所述可开关衍射元件被配置在各层叠元件集合中，并且层叠元件集合中的每一个可开关衍射元件均被配置成将所述虚拟图像的光衍射在不同的视野中。
6.如权利要求5所述的成像结构，其特征在于，由所述层叠元件集合中的每一个可开关衍射元件所投影的不同的视野组合以得到跨越经激活的显示区的连续视野。
7.如权利要求1所述的成像结构，其特征在于，所述可开关衍射元件包括可开关布拉格光栅。
8.一种方法，包括：
生成虚拟图像以供显示在显示设备上；
显示所述虚拟图像作为出现在能透过所述显示设备查看的环境中的一距离处的近显示对象；以及
控制被配置在所述显示设备的显示区中的可开关衍射元件的激活，所述显示设备的所述显示区能被独立地控制以用于进行校正以得到出现在所述环境中的所述距离处的所述虚拟图像的准确立体示图。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
基于捕捉用户眼睛位置的数字图像来跟踪用户的左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置；
确定从所述左眼和右眼到所述显示设备的距离；以及
确定所述左眼和右眼到所述显示设备的中心的视角。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，显示区中的可开关衍射元件的激活是基于所述左眼和右眼的瞳孔位置、从所述左眼和右眼到所述显示设备的位置、以及所述左眼和右眼到所述显示设备的中心的视角来控制的。
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