CN104855127A - Chrysanthemum cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a chrysanthemum cultivation method. The chrysanthemum cultivation method comprises the steps of 1) land selection and preparation, namely selecting a land parcel, applying sufficient base fertilizer, deep ploughing, drying, leveling and raking, 2) raising seedlings by cutting, namely burying the rhizomes of the seed chrysanthemums with thoroughly decomposed chicken manure in a chrysanthemum harvesting field to keep warm through the winter, in spring, cutting robust new shoots from the buds of the overwintering perennial roots and taking the cut shoots as cuttings for raising seedlings by cutting, 3) transplanting, namely transplanting to the field 40 days later after raising seedlings by cutting, 4) field management, namely intertillage, top application and topping management to accelerate the growth of the chrysanthemums, and 5) pest control. According to the chrysanthemum cultivation method, the seed chrysanthemums are buried in the field by use of the thoroughly decomposed chicken manure and covered with straws to keep warm through the winter; as the chicken manure is a thermal fertilizer, the chicken manure is capable of meeting the nutrient requirements of the seed chrysanthemums and also providing appropriate heat for the seed chrysanthemums so that the seedlings can live through the winter safely.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of chrysanthemum

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method of chrysanthemum.

Background technology

Chrysanthemum, being used as medicine with flower, is large conventional Chinese medicine, containing compositions such as chrysanthemum glycosides adenine, choline, stachydrine, amino acid, robinin, borneol level resacetophenones.The traditional Chinese medical science thinks its cold nature, bitter, dry.Nourish the liver to improve visual acuity, the effect such as wind and heat dispersing, cure mainly the diseases such as cold, fever, headache, tinnitus, red eye, swell pain, abscess of throat.

Chrysanthemum is composite family herbaceos perennial, cold resistant and like temperature climate, and optimum growth temperature is about 20 DEG C, survives the winter with perennial root, and root-like stock constantly grows tiller bud in underground, the low temperature of ability about-15 DEG C.Kind is numerous because planting site is different for chrysanthemum, as the milli chrysanthemum in Anhui, the FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI ALBA from Haizhou of China in Zhejiang, the Huai Chrysanthemi in Henan, and the Qi Juhua etc. in Hebei.Chrysanthemum is short-day plant, and very sensitive to the reaction of illumination length, every day, light application time was no more than 10 hours, just can budding and bloom.

Chrysanthemum is the flower variety of dietotherapeutic, also has very high ornamental value.In recent years, along with improving constantly of people's living standard, flower cultivation becomes the maximum hobby of people, not only bring good visual experience, also can with other health product mixs, play the effects such as clearing away summerheat, if chrysanthemum tea is exactly one of tea-drinking of drinking of people's favorite.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to: provide a kind of growth vigorous, rapid, the cultivation method of the chrysanthemum of medicinal quality better, meets the demand of Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A cultivation method for chrysanthemum, comprises the following steps:

1) selection of land wholely

Select the soil is porous fertile, well-drained faintly acid or neutral plot, every mu applies 2000 ~ 2200 kilograms of farmyard manures, base manure made by 50 kilograms of phosphorus potash fertilizer, and deep ploughing mid-March, airing, leveling, rake are thin.

2) cuttage and seedling culture

1. plant chrysanthemum to survive the winter: in the field of harvesting chrysanthemum, buried by the kind chrysanthemum rhizome Chicken dung chosen, then survive the winter with warming with improving straw mulching, the first tenday period of a month in Second Year late April to May can germinate, and now should carry out plant division transplanting;

2. cuttage bar is made: spring sends the healthy and strong shoot of clip new talent from perennial root of surviving the winter and does cuttage bar, and 2 leaves are stayed on top, and lower blade is all extractd;

3. cuttage and seedling culture: cutting to be inserted in soil 3 ~ 5 centimetres dark, 3 centimetres, native face is exposed on top, and water permeable rear covering one deck straw, about 20 can take root.

3) transplant

Be transplanted to land for growing field crops during cuttage and seedling culture 40 days, transplanting should select the cloudy day to carry out, and is dug out by seedling together with earth, plants by distance between rows and hills 40 cm x 40 centimetres, plants 1 strain in every cave.

4) field management

1. apply fertilizer: before and after the first tenday period of a month in May, execute after chrysanthemum seedling survives and urge seed manure; Late June combines ridging when starting branch, executes decomposed manure 1000 kilograms for every mu; When chrysanthemum is buddingged before and after late September, execute 10 kilograms, ammonium sulfate for every mu;

2. intertill: intertillage number of times is 2 ~ 3 times, latter about 10 days in transplanting first time; Second time is in late July; Third time, the intertillage degree of depth was 3 ~ 5 centimetres in early September;

3. pinch: pinch and fine day should be selected to carry out, first time pinches 1 week before chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings, carries out, will extract overgrowing branch in time simultaneously with backsight plant strain growth situation.

5) extermination of disease and insect pest

1. spot blight: their early stage 50% iprodione, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid spraying controls;

2. fusarium wilt: the initial stage finds that diseased plant is extracted immediately, and 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 50% ambam, 500 times of liquid are watered in sick cave.

Compared with existing chrysanthemum culturing method, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) the present invention buries at field Chicken dung and plants chrysanthemum, and stalks mulching is survived the winter with warming, and because chicken manure is hot manure, it can not only meet the nutrient demand of kind of chrysanthemum, also for kind of a chrysanthemum provides suitable heat, is more conducive to seedling safe overwintering.

2) the present invention makes cuttage bar after kind of a chrysanthemum survives the winter, and stays 2 leaves on cuttage bar top, and lower blade is all extractd, and so both reduces the consumption of apical dominance to nutrient, ensures again the normal germination of cuttage bar.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, so that the understanding of same domain technical staff.

Embodiment 1

A cultivation method for chrysanthemum, comprises the following steps:

1) selection of land wholely

Select the soil is porous fertile, well-drained faintly acid or neutral plot, every mu applies 2000 ~ 2200 kilograms of farmyard manures, base manure made by 50 kilograms of phosphorus potash fertilizer, and deep ploughing mid-March, airing, leveling, rake are thin.

2) cuttage and seedling culture

1. plant chrysanthemum to survive the winter: in the field of harvesting chrysanthemum, buried by the kind chrysanthemum rhizome Chicken dung chosen, then survive the winter with warming with improving straw mulching, the first tenday period of a month in Second Year late April to May can germinate, and now should carry out plant division transplanting;

2. cuttage bar is made: spring sends the healthy and strong shoot of clip new talent from perennial root of surviving the winter and does cuttage bar, and 2 leaves are stayed on top, and lower blade is all extractd;

3. cuttage and seedling culture: cutting to be inserted in soil 3 ~ 5 centimetres dark, 3 centimetres, native face is exposed on top, and water permeable rear covering one deck straw, about 20 can take root.

3) transplant

Be transplanted to land for growing field crops during cuttage and seedling culture 40 days, transplanting should select the cloudy day to carry out, and is dug out by seedling together with earth, plants by distance between rows and hills 40 cm x 40 centimetres, plants 1 strain in every cave.

4) field management

1. apply fertilizer: before and after the first tenday period of a month in May, execute after chrysanthemum seedling survives and urge seed manure; Late June combines ridging when starting branch, executes decomposed manure 1000 kilograms for every mu; When chrysanthemum is buddingged before and after late September, execute 10 kilograms, ammonium sulfate for every mu;

2. intertill: intertillage number of times is 2 ~ 3 times, latter about 10 days in transplanting first time; Second time is in late July; Third time, the intertillage degree of depth was 3 ~ 5 centimetres in early September;

3. pinch: pinch and fine day should be selected to carry out, first time pinches 1 week before chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings, carries out, will extract overgrowing branch in time simultaneously with backsight plant strain growth situation.

5) extermination of disease and insect pest

1. spot blight: their early stage 50% iprodione, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid spraying controls;

2. fusarium wilt: the initial stage finds that diseased plant is extracted immediately, and 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 50% ambam, 500 times of liquid are watered in sick cave.

Claims (1)

1. a cultivation method for chrysanthemum, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

1) selection of land wholely

Select the soil is porous fertile, well-drained faintly acid or neutral plot, every mu applies 2000 ~ 2200 kilograms of farmyard manures, base manure made by 50 kilograms of phosphorus potash fertilizer, and deep ploughing mid-March, airing, leveling, rake are thin;

2) cuttage and seedling culture

1. plant chrysanthemum to survive the winter: in the field of harvesting chrysanthemum, buried by the kind chrysanthemum rhizome Chicken dung chosen, then survive the winter with warming with improving straw mulching, the first tenday period of a month in Second Year late April to May can germinate, and now should carry out plant division transplanting;

2. cuttage bar is made: spring sends the healthy and strong shoot of clip new talent from perennial root of surviving the winter and does cuttage bar, and 2 leaves are stayed on top, and lower blade is all extractd;

3. cuttage and seedling culture: cutting to be inserted in soil 3 ~ 5 centimetres dark, 3 centimetres, native face is exposed on top, and water permeable rear covering one deck straw, about 20 can take root;

3) transplant

Be transplanted to land for growing field crops during cuttage and seedling culture 40 days, transplanting should select the cloudy day to carry out, and is dug out by seedling together with earth, plants by distance between rows and hills 40 cm x 40 centimetres, plants 1 strain in every cave;

4) field management

1. apply fertilizer: before and after the first tenday period of a month in May, execute after chrysanthemum seedling survives and urge seed manure; Late June combines ridging when starting branch, executes decomposed manure 1000 kilograms for every mu; When chrysanthemum is buddingged before and after late September, execute 10 kilograms, ammonium sulfate for every mu;

2. intertill: intertillage number of times is 2 ~ 3 times, latter about 10 days in transplanting first time; Second time is in late July; Third time, the intertillage degree of depth was 3 ~ 5 centimetres in early September;

3. pinch: pinch and fine day should be selected to carry out, first time pinches 1 week before chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings, carries out, will extract overgrowing branch in time simultaneously with backsight plant strain growth situation;

5) extermination of disease and insect pest

1. spot blight: their early stage 50% iprodione, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid spraying controls;

2. fusarium wilt: the initial stage finds that diseased plant is extracted immediately, and 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid or 50% ambam, 500 times of liquid are watered in sick cave.