CN104663219A - Imitating wild cultivation method for gastrodia elata - Google Patents
Imitating wild cultivation method for gastrodia elata Download PDFInfo
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- CN104663219A CN104663219A CN201510101621.3A CN201510101621A CN104663219A CN 104663219 A CN104663219 A CN 104663219A CN 201510101621 A CN201510101621 A CN 201510101621A CN 104663219 A CN104663219 A CN 104663219A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses an imitating wild cultivation method for gastrodia elata. Based on the principle that in the growing process of the gastrodia elata, the gastrodia elata grows under a dark environment and only needs proper temperature and humidity; meanwhile, no nutrients are absorbed from soil in the growing process of the gastrodia elata, and the soil is only used as a substrate of fixed fungus-growing materials, tree leaves of mixed humus soil are used for replacing the soil as the substrate, and gastrodia elata seeds are planted in planting holes and are covered by the tree leaves of the mixed humus soil instead of the soil, so that the imitating wild growing environment which is suitable for the gastrodia elata to grow is created for the gastrodia elata to the maximum extent; during harvesting, a hoe for digging is not needed, so the damage of gastrodia elata harvesting to the gastrodia elata is eliminated, and the labor intensity is reduced; in addition, the yield and the quality of the gastrodia elata are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Gastrodia planting technology field, be specifically related to not damage rhizoma Gastrodiae when one is gathered, output Output of Gastrodia elata is high, the gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method of Functionality, quality and appealing design.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae, also known as rhizoma gastrodiae, is the orchid family Gastrodia herbaceos perennial, root-like stock is plump, and without greenery, the capsule shape of falling ovum is oval, normal with stem tuber or seminal propagation, its rhizome be used as medicine to have a dizzy spell in order to treatment, the disease such as extremity numbness, child convulsion, be famous and precious Chinese medicine.
Because the medical value of rhizoma Gastrodiae is high, market demand is very big, therefore the rhizoma Gastrodiae state that is always in that supply falls short of demand.From nineteen seventies, just there is a lot of research to rhizoma Gastrodiae Propogation and culture technology, but immature due to rhizoma Gastrodiae Cultivating techniques, hinder the development of rhizoma Gastrodiae plant husbandry.
The growth of rhizoma Gastrodiae is that do not need to absorb nutrient from soil, soil only plays matrix to be fixed by close ring bacterium for giving nutrition.Existing implantation methods is generally that selection slope aspect is tailo, the plot excavation of half tailo, half Schattenseite plants a plant hole, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, the production kind of close ring bacterium is placed uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, then cladding thickness is the soil of 8 ~ 10cm, to winter, bacterium material connected close ring bacterium then, the soil be covered on bacterium material is dug, kind fiber crops are positioned on bacterium material, cover the soil that thickness is 10 ~ 12cm again, grow up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.But, adopt above-mentioned implantation methods due to blinding thick, the soil temperature of rhizoma Gastrodiae grown layer be cannot get up, rhizoma Gastrodiae is perishable, cause Output of Gastrodia elata low, numb shape is poor, and the labour cost of planting rhizoma gastrodiae and collecting tuber of elevated gastrodia is higher, particularly cutting the earth during collecting tuber of elevated gastrodia, it is serious to cause rhizoma Gastrodiae to damage, and can cause the destruction again to surface vegetation simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Do not damage rhizoma Gastrodiae when the object of the present invention is to provide one to gather, output Output of Gastrodia elata be high, the gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method of Functionality, quality and appealing design.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, comprises addressing, seed selection and cultivation, and concrete steps are:
A, addressing: select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration good, without moss growth, on the ground forest shade density be less than 60% plot open cave, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of kind plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm;
B, seed selection: selection Wild gastrodia carries out that artificial pollination cultivates single generation, kind was as kind of fiber crops; Three grades of close ring bacterium of the maturation selecting close ring mushroom entity separation to obtain are the production kind of close ring bacterium;
C, cultivation: between annual July to October, at the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 2 ~ 3cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 2 ~ 3cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 2 ~ 3cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.
Based on rhizoma Gastrodiae in whole process of growth, all grow under light protected environment, only temp. and humidity need be suitable for, rhizoma Gastrodiae growth simultaneously need not absorb nutrient from soil, soil is only as the principle of the matrix of fixing bacterium material, the present invention uses mixing leaf humous to replace soil as matrix, rhizoma Gastrodiae fiber crops are planted in kind of plant hole, use mixing leaf humous to replace soil to cover, to greatest extent for rhizoma Gastrodiae builds the imitative grows wild environment of suitable rhizoma Gastrodiae growth, excavate without the need to re-using hoe when gathering, eliminating rhizoma Gastrodiae gathers to the damage of rhizoma Gastrodiae, reduce labour intensity, and improve the seed output and quality of rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but limited the present invention never in any form, and any change done based on training centre of the present invention or improvement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method provided by the invention comprises addressing, seed selection and cultivation, and concrete steps are:
A, addressing: select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration good, without moss growth, on the ground forest shade density be less than 60% plot open cave, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of kind plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm;
B, seed selection: selection Wild gastrodia carries out that artificial pollination cultivates single generation, kind was as kind of fiber crops; Three grades of close ring bacterium of the maturation selecting close ring mushroom entity separation to obtain are the production kind of close ring bacterium;
C, cultivation: between annual July to October, at the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 2 ~ 3cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 2 ~ 3cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 2 ~ 3cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.
Spacing distance between the described every root fungus material be fixed in kind of plant hole is 1 ~ 2cm.
Described mixing leaf humous is that humus soil and broad-leaved tree leaf mix rear water spray humidity thoroughly, and wherein the volume ratio of humus soil and broad-leaved tree leaf is 1:1.
The soil texture in the described plot for excavating kind of plant hole is the neutral yellow earth or purple soil that are developed into by basalt, sandstone, sand shale.
The described plot for excavating kind of plant hole is tailo, half tailo or half Schattenseite.
The air humidity in the described plot for excavating kind of plant hole is 60% ~ 85%.
embodiment 1
In rhizoma Gastrodiae generation kind picking time, select not have injured, do not rot spot, do not have damage by disease and insect, weight more than 3 grams hoary hair fiber crops numb as kind; Between July to October, select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration is good, the soil texture is the neutral yellow earth developed into by basalt, sandstone, sand shale, without moss growth on it, on the ground forest shade density be less than 60% tailo plot open cave, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of planting plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm; At the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 2cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, 4 root fungus materials are fixed in each kind of plant hole, spacing distance between every root fungus material is 1cm, and place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 3cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 3cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.Adopt above-mentioned cultivation method rhizoma Gastrodiae, the Output of Gastrodia elata obtained when gathering is higher than existing implantation methods, the existing implantation methods of mass ratio is excellent.
embodiment 2
In rhizoma Gastrodiae generation kind picking time, select not have injured, do not rot spot, do not have damage by disease and insect, weight more than 3 grams hoary hair fiber crops numb as kind; Between July to October, select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration is good, the soil texture is the neutral yellow earth developed into by basalt, sandstone, sand shale, without moss growth on it, forest shade density is the Kuai Kai cave, half light hillside fields of less than 60% on the ground, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of planting plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm; At the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 3cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, 4 root fungus materials are fixed in each kind of plant hole, spacing distance between every root fungus material is 2cm, and place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 2cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 2cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.Adopt above-mentioned cultivation method rhizoma Gastrodiae, the Output of Gastrodia elata obtained when gathering is higher than existing implantation methods, the existing implantation methods of mass ratio is excellent.
embodiment 3
In rhizoma Gastrodiae generation kind picking time, select not have injured, do not rot spot, do not have damage by disease and insect, weight more than 3 grams hoary hair fiber crops numb as kind; Between July to October, select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration is good, the soil texture is the purple soil developed into by basalt, sandstone, sand shale, it is without moss growth, on the ground forest shade density be less than 60% tailo plot open cave, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of planting plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm; At the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 2cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, 4 root fungus materials are fixed in each kind of plant hole, spacing distance between every root fungus material is 2cm, and place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 3cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 3cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.Adopt above-mentioned cultivation method rhizoma Gastrodiae, the Output of Gastrodia elata obtained when gathering is higher than existing implantation methods, the existing implantation methods of mass ratio is excellent.
embodiment 4
In rhizoma Gastrodiae generation kind picking time, select not have injured, do not rot spot, do not have damage by disease and insect, weight more than 3 grams hoary hair fiber crops numb as kind; Between July to October, select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration is good, the soil texture is the purple soil developed into by basalt, sandstone, sand shale, it is without moss growth, on the ground forest shade density be less than 60% half Schattenseite plot open cave, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of planting plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm; At the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 2cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, 4 root fungus materials are fixed in each kind of plant hole, spacing distance between every root fungus material is 1cm, and place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 2cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 2cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.Adopt above-mentioned cultivation method rhizoma Gastrodiae, the Output of Gastrodia elata obtained when gathering is higher than existing implantation methods, the existing implantation methods of mass ratio is excellent.
Based on rhizoma Gastrodiae in whole process of growth, all grow under light protected environment, only temp. and humidity need be suitable for, rhizoma Gastrodiae growth simultaneously need not absorb nutrient from soil, soil is only as the principle of the matrix of fixing bacterium material, the present invention uses mixing leaf humous to replace soil as matrix, rhizoma Gastrodiae fiber crops are planted in kind of plant hole, use mixing leaf humous to replace soil to cover, to greatest extent for rhizoma Gastrodiae builds the imitative grows wild environment of suitable rhizoma Gastrodiae growth, excavate without the need to re-using hoe when gathering, eliminating rhizoma Gastrodiae gathers to the damage of rhizoma Gastrodiae, reduce labour intensity, and improve the seed output and quality of rhizoma Gastrodiae.。Adopt cultivation method rhizoma Gastrodiae provided by the invention, realize every square metre of cultivated area and to gather the target of about 8kg commodity rhizoma Gastrodiae, compared with existing implantation methods, greatly improve plantation output, the effective plantation income increasing plantation family.
Claims (6)
1. a gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method, it is characterized in that comprising addressing, seed selection and cultivation, concrete steps are:
A, addressing: select loosing soil, ventilative, water penetration good, without moss growth, on the ground forest shade density be less than 60% plot open cave, excavate a kind plant hole every 25cm, the inside dimension of kind plant hole is long 100cm, wide 60cm, dark 12 ~ 15cm;
B, seed selection: selection Wild gastrodia carries out that artificial pollination cultivates single generation, kind was as kind of fiber crops; Three grades of close ring bacterium of the maturation selecting close ring mushroom entity separation to obtain are the production kind of close ring bacterium;
C, cultivation: between annual July to October, at the bottom of the cave of kind of plant hole, even laying depth is that 2 ~ 3cm mixes leaf humous; Select the bacterium material of long 60cm, bacterium material is cut three row's fish scale mouths, fish scale mouth interval 3 ~ 5cm, the bacterium material interval of having cut fish scale mouth is fixed in kind of plant hole, place the production kind of close ring bacterium uniformly at each wound place of bacterium material, covering a layer thickness is that 2 ~ 3cm mixes leaf humous; Winter extremely then, when the bacterium material of planting in plant hole connects close ring bacterium, the mixing leaf humous be covered in kind of plant hole on bacterium material is dug, then kind of fiber crops are evenly positioned near bacterium material position, wherein every root fungus material puts 5 ~ 7 kind fiber crops, places the long branch of 3 ~ 5cm, then be covered on bacterium material by leaf humous for mixing between kind of fiber crops, cladding thickness is 2 ~ 3cm, grows up to arrow fiber crops in autumn next year.
2. gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method according to claim 1, the spacing distance be fixed on described in it is characterized in that between the every root fungus material in kind of plant hole is 1 ~ 2cm.
3. gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described mixing leaf humous is that humus soil and broad-leaved tree leaf mix rear water spray humidity thoroughly, wherein the volume ratio of humus soil and broad-leaved tree leaf is 1:1.
4. gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described is the neutral yellow earth or purple soil that are developed into by basalt, sandstone, sand shale for excavating the soil texture in the plot of kind of plant hole.
5. gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that described is tailo, half tailo or half Schattenseite for excavating the plot of kind of plant hole.
6. gastrodia tuber imitative wild cultivation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that described is 60% ~ 85% for excavating the air humidity in the plot of kind of plant hole.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104855133A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-08-26 | 习水县龙洋生态食品开发有限公司 | Rizoma gastrodiae planting and cultivating method |
| CN105532216A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县康万家药业有限公司 | Planting method for gastrodia elata f.glauca |
| CN105993501A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 镇远县红康中药材种植专业合作社 | Plantation method of gastrodia elata |
| CN107439353A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-08 | 六盘水黔丰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of tissue culture formula rhizoma Gastrodiae raising technology |
| CN108782088A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州省德均农特产品开发有限公司 | A kind of gastrodin cultivation device and its method for cultivating Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN109275533A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-29 | 黎平青江农业开发有限公司 | A kind of gastrodin cultivation method |
| CN109429959A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-03-08 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of imitative Wild gastrodia cultural method |
| CN109496747A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 德宏州勇旭农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
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| CN104855133A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-08-26 | 习水县龙洋生态食品开发有限公司 | Rizoma gastrodiae planting and cultivating method |
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| CN105532216A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县康万家药业有限公司 | Planting method for gastrodia elata f.glauca |
| CN105993501A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 镇远县红康中药材种植专业合作社 | Plantation method of gastrodia elata |
| CN105993501B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-04-16 | 镇远县红康中药材种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN107439353A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-08 | 六盘水黔丰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of tissue culture formula rhizoma Gastrodiae raising technology |
| CN108782088A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州省德均农特产品开发有限公司 | A kind of gastrodin cultivation device and its method for cultivating Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN109429959A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-03-08 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of imitative Wild gastrodia cultural method |
| CN109275533A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-29 | 黎平青江农业开发有限公司 | A kind of gastrodin cultivation method |
| CN109496747A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 德宏州勇旭农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
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| CN104663219B (en) | 2017-06-16 |
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