CN104604513A - Cultivation method of Han Fuji apple - Google Patents
Cultivation method of Han Fuji apple Download PDFInfo
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- CN104604513A CN104604513A CN201510085389.9A CN201510085389A CN104604513A CN 104604513 A CN104604513 A CN 104604513A CN 201510085389 A CN201510085389 A CN 201510085389A CN 104604513 A CN104604513 A CN 104604513A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of Han Fuji apple. The method mainly includes: selecting a drought-resistant tree species and rootstocks, cultivating the Han Fuji apple and managing fields. The cultivating step of the Han Fuji apple includes close planting, pruning, fertilizer application, frequent deep ploughing, building of terraced fields, and building of fish-scale pits. The step of field management includes orchard covering, orchard grass cultivation, water and fertilizer storage in hollows, mulching, water-saving irrigation, application of moisture absorbent, and application of evaporation resist; the sub-step of orchard covering includes film covering and grass covering; Trifolium repens is grown in orchards; the sub-step of water-saving irrigating includes drip irrigation and spray irrigation. By the comprehensive use of the cultivation method in the production of the Han Fuji apple, the content of organic matters in the orchard soil is improved, disease and pest damage is decreased for the orchards, fruit quality is improved, and single-plant fruit setting rate is increased. Years of cultivation and improvement shows that the apple can be grown in flowerpots and bear fruits; potted landscapes are obtained, and potted landscape apple for eating is also obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold Fuji apple breeding method.
Background technology
Grow period cold Fuji apple, be often subject to weather conditions, the restriction of environmental condition, the especially arid impact grown cold Fuji apple is the most obvious, and the underproduction of cold Fuji apple can be caused when arid is serious even to have no harvest.This just causes the economic loss that cannot remedy to the upper level of originating using cold Fuji apple as Main Economic, serious constrains local economic development.Production in conjunction with upper level is now actual, and primary technical problem how reasonably to utilize upper level resource, improves the economic benefit of cold Fuji apple unit are, ecological benefits, social benefit.Cold Fuji apple cultivated area is larger, but grow period cold Fuji apple, be often subject to weather conditions, the restriction of environmental condition, especially the arid impact grown cold Fuji apple is the most obvious, and the underproduction of cold Fuji apple can be caused when arid is serious even to have no harvest.This just causes the economic loss that cannot remedy to the upper level of originating using cold Fuji apple as Main Economic, serious constrains local economic development.Production in conjunction with upper level is now actual, and primary technical problem how reasonably to utilize upper level resource, improves the economic benefit of cold Fuji apple unit are, ecological benefits, social benefit.In addition, existing apple can only be planted in the ground, carries out planting and cultivating, cannot be planted in flowerpot and view and admire as potted landscape as fruit tree.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect overcoming prior art, provides a kind of cold Fuji apple breeding method.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The cold Fuji apple breeding method of the present invention's one, comprises and selects drought resisting seeds and stock, cold Fuji apple cultivation, and orchard management, goes to be characterised in that: select the kind of drought resisting stock grafting as cultivar;
Cold Fuji apple spacing in the rows is 2.5 ~ 3m, with the hollow place plantation of 0.8 ~ 1.5 cubic metre, is trimmed to free spindle or slender spindle like tree-like;
In May, broadcast the butch clover of 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram in every mu of orchard, earthing 1 ~ 2 centimetre, applies nitrogenous fertilizer, applies phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer after Cheng Ping;
Tree dish covers grass: the size according to tree crown is digged pit, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4 meters, digs 4 caves, crown diameter 6 meters, dig 6 ~ 8 caves, crops straw or weeds are bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, the careless handle of long 30 ~ 35 centimetres, be placed in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soak into, cave is supported in the storage that inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres at crown mapping edge, by grass standing in cave, and 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering, and overlay film immediately, irrigates; Adopt drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, apply hygroscopic agent and anti-steaming agent simultaneously.
Further, smear in time with cutting oil sealing after pruning.
Further, terraced fields and fish scale pit are built in mountain region, arid hillside field and hilly ground orchard, carry out contour dense planting.
Further, pressure point soil on careless slope is covered after grass.
Further, more than 18 days anti-steaming agent period of validity, reduce rising 59%, improve the flow of water 0.2 ~ 0.4MMpa.
Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds should by cold Fuji apple inter-row weed and eliminating impurities before broadcasting, and turn over rear leveling, earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrowed after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent from damaging cold Fuji apple root system.Orchard ground cover of the present invention plants to grow useful grass to cold Fuji apple in orchard, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds should by cold Fuji apple inter-row weed and eliminating impurities before broadcasting, and turn over rear leveling, earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrowed after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent from damaging cold Fuji apple root system.
Butch clover can improve soil, increase soil fertility, suppress weed growth, regulate ground temperature, improve cold Fuji apple growing environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve cold Fuji apple yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.Butch clover can improve soil, increase soil fertility, suppress weed growth, regulate ground temperature, improve cold Fuji apple growing environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve cold Fuji apple yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.
Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.The present invention, can by apple cultivation in flowerpot through cultivation improvement for many years, the same can result, both can be used as potted landscape, also can be used as a kind of potted landscape apple of its fruit edible.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The cold Fuji apple breeding method of the present invention's one, comprises and selects drought resisting seeds and stock, cold Fuji apple cultivation, and orchard management, goes to be characterised in that: select the kind of drought resisting stock grafting as cultivar; Cold Fuji apple spacing in the rows is 2.5 ~ 3m, with the hollow place plantation of 0.8 ~ 1.5 cubic metre, is trimmed to free spindle or slender spindle like tree-like;
In May, broadcast the butch clover of 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram in every mu of orchard, earthing 1 ~ 2 centimetre, applies nitrogenous fertilizer, applies phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer after Cheng Ping;
Tree dish covers grass: the size according to tree crown is digged pit, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4 meters, digs 4 caves, crown diameter 6 meters, dig 6 ~ 8 caves, crops straw or weeds are bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, the careless handle of long 30 ~ 35 centimetres, be placed in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soak into, cave is supported in the storage that inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres at crown mapping edge, by grass standing in cave, and 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering, and overlay film immediately, irrigates; Adopt drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, apply hygroscopic agent and anti-steaming agent simultaneously.
Smear in time with cutting oil sealing after pruning.
Terraced fields and fish scale pit are built in mountain region, arid hillside field and hilly ground orchard, carry out contour dense planting.
To cover after grass pressure point soil on careless slope.
More than 18 days anti-steaming agent period of validity, reduce rising 59%, improve the flow of water 0.2 ~ 0.4MMpa.
Orchard ground cover of the present invention plants to grow useful grass to cold Fuji apple in orchard, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds should by cold Fuji apple inter-row weed and eliminating impurities before broadcasting, and turn over rear leveling, earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrowed after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent from damaging cold Fuji apple root system.Orchard ground cover of the present invention plants to grow useful grass to cold Fuji apple in orchard, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds should by cold Fuji apple inter-row weed and eliminating impurities before broadcasting, and turn over rear leveling, earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrowed after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent from damaging cold Fuji apple root system.
Butch clover can improve soil, increase soil fertility, suppress weed growth, regulate ground temperature, improve cold Fuji apple growing environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve cold Fuji apple yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.Butch clover can improve soil, increase soil fertility, suppress weed growth, regulate ground temperature, improve cold Fuji apple growing environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve cold Fuji apple yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.
Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.The present invention, can by apple cultivation in flowerpot through cultivation improvement for many years, the same can result, both can be used as potted landscape, also can be used as a kind of potted landscape apple of its fruit edible.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a cold Fuji apple breeding method, is characterized in that: comprise and select drought resisting seeds and stock, cold Fuji apple cultivation, and orchard management, selects the kind of drought resisting stock grafting as cultivar;
Cold Fuji apple spacing in the rows is 2.5 ~ 3m, with the hollow place plantation of 0.8 ~ 1.5 cubic metre, is trimmed to free spindle or slender spindle like tree-like;
In May, broadcast the butch clover of 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram in every mu of orchard, earthing 1 ~ 2 centimetre, applies nitrogenous fertilizer, applies phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer after Cheng Ping;
Tree dish covers grass: the size according to tree crown is digged pit, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4 meters, digs 4 caves, crown diameter 6 meters, dig 6 ~ 8 caves, crops straw or weeds are bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, the careless handle of long 30 ~ 35 centimetres, be placed in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soak into, cave is supported in the storage that inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres at crown mapping edge, by grass standing in cave, and 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering, and overlay film immediately, irrigates; Adopt drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, apply hygroscopic agent and anti-steaming agent simultaneously.
2. one according to claim 1 is trembled with fear Fuji apple breeding method, it is characterized in that: cold Fuji apple is smeared in time with cutting oil sealing after pruning.
3. one according to claim 2 is trembled with fear Fuji apple breeding method, it is characterized in that: in mountain region, arid hillside field and hilly ground orchard build terraced fields and fish scale pit, carries out contour dense planting.
4. one according to claim 3 is trembled with fear Fuji apple breeding method, it is characterized in that: the term of validity of described anti-steaming agent is greater than 18 days, can reduce rising more than 59%, improves the flow of water 0.2 ~ 0.4MMpa.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613185A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-01 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Shaping method for shaping apple trees into slender spindle shape |
| CN106538364A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-29 | 南京农业大学（宿迁）设施园艺研究院 | A kind of greenhouse Fructus Fici high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method |
| CN109089689A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-28 | 紫云自治县浩石立体农业开发有限公司 | A kind of purple cloud level produces the cultural method of apple |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613185A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-01 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Shaping method for shaping apple trees into slender spindle shape |
| CN105613185B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2018-04-03 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | A kind of shaping methods of apple tree slender spindle like |
| CN106538364A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-29 | 南京农业大学（宿迁）设施园艺研究院 | A kind of greenhouse Fructus Fici high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method |
| CN106538364B (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2019-10-25 | 南京农业大学（宿迁）设施园艺研究院 | A kind of greenhouse fig high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method |
| CN109089689A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-28 | 紫云自治县浩石立体农业开发有限公司 | A kind of purple cloud level produces the cultural method of apple |
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