CN106234012A - A kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of open fruit and vegetable interplanting method of the present invention, comprises the following steps: 1) build booth, prepare nursery；2) tendril type fruit variety, cutting propagation are selected；3) frame is set up, really transplantation of seedlings field planting；4) clay fertilizer water management；5) pruning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；6) summer vegetable interplanting is carried out；7) fruit-picking and vegetable；8) reorganize and outfit field, plant Semen Pisi sativi；9) rich water quality management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；10) Semen Pisi sativi is plucked.The present invention uses rational vegetable and fruit interplanting method, it is possible to employ one's time to the best advantage, the planting conditions such as space, uses with not only reducing pesticide, decreases the use of chemical fertilizer, it is to avoid pollutes；Utilize the tree-dimentional growing model at climbing plant plantation summer vegetable, it is possible to sufficiently utilize each different part of environment, soil of the same area has played the benefit of maximum, improve yield, it is ensured that fruit-vegetable quality；Many seasons overlap operation mode, improve luminous energy and land utilization ratio, increase extra economic benefit.

Description

A kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, specifically refer to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method.

Background technology

Existing application technology is merely able to individually carry out one or two kinds of fruit catch cropping, is also adopting in a lot of areas By the application technology fallen behind, not only yield is relatively low, and because of a large amount of unreasonable fertilisings with water and cause soil and water body dirty Dye；And some orchard worker only sees yield, causing the quality of fruit seriously to glide, thus occur that fruit ear is loose, big granule is serious, fruit Aberration, sugar content, less than 15%, affects market sale and fruit storage.

And in planting process, abuse hormone, affect fruit quality.Cultivation technique measure is single, improves setting by swashing Element, Fruit hormone, fruit is the reddest red by urging, and sugary few by increasing sugar, quality is low, mouthfeel is poor, has had a strong impact on fruit matter Amount, not storage tolerance and transport, the market competitiveness is not strong, directly affects benefit；In technical management, get used to big loose water, Shi Nongfei does not ditches, ground surface paving fertilizer, makes fertilizer efficiency not give full play to, causes and turn on root system, and earth's surface root system is endured cold seriously, both drops The low soil moisture makes again soil compaction, wastes human and material resources and financial resources；On branches and tendrils manage, stay a density big, ventilate logical Light is bad, and it is overweight that the summer cuts pinching, causes photosynthesis poor, causes shoot maturation degree poor, and fruit ear is irregular, and fruit grain size is uneven, Fruit quality is unsecured.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of make rational planning for plantation interplanting crops thus improve the work in unit are soil Produce amount, minimizing rich water waste, the fruit and vegetable interplanting method of raising fruit quality.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method, and described mode comprises the following steps:

(1) choose suitable soil and build steelframe booth, and get out nursery；

(2) choose suitable tendril type fruit variety, in booth, carry out cutting propagation and carry out nursery bed management；

(3) reorganize and outfit plantation field and set up frame, carrying out the survival after transplant of fruit Seedling in early April；

(4) the clay fertilizer water management in field is carried out during field planting；

(5) pruning of tendril should be carried out after field planting survives, and during planting, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；

(6) between May to June, under frame, carry out the interplanting of summer vegetable；

(7) between August to JIUYUE, carry out the harvesting of fruit and summer vegetable；

(8) reorganize and outfit field after having plucked, then choose suitable Foreign Banks' Entries, plant in field mid-September；

(9) field rich water quality management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out during plantation；

(10) Semen Pisi sativi harvesting is carried out to December November.

Described interplanting method be sow or plant between strain, row or the furrow in front plant growth later stage in season after season crop kind Plant mode.The symbiosis phase of two or more crop of interplanting only accounts for the sub-fraction time of period of duration, before being a kind of solution Between rear season crop season contradiction Cropping Patterns.The Main Function of interplanting is the utilization racing against time to improve luminous energy and soil Rate.Be applied to 1 year to plant more 2 seasons or 3 season crop, but total season of growth dislike again not enough area.After carrying out interplanting, 2 kinds of works The total output of thing improves a lot than the nonoculture yield only planting a kind of crop.What interplanting was made after being conducive to begins sowing in good time and strong sprout Full stand；Drought and waterlogging or Low temperature disaster can be hidden in some local employing interplantings；Also relax the effect of recruitment contradiction during busy farming seasons.

First rationally selection of land builds booth, then chooses liana and can utilize the sky of frame bottom as plantation object Between carry out other vegetable crop of catch cropping such that it is able to improve the crop quantity in land area of one unit, bring extra economy Added value.Carrying out the interplanting of Semen Pisi sativi, Semen Pisi sativi poor growth in seedling stage the most again, coverage is little, it is desirable to field is without weeds, previous crops Preferably imtertilled crop.Semen Pisi sativi is possible not only to improve the yield of Cereal as the previous crops of cereal crop, moreover it is possible to improve its egg White matter content improves the quality of cereal crop seed.Plantation Semen Pisi sativi can not only promote the accumulation of Nitrogen In Soils element, and can change The physical property state of kind soil, is the good crops for rotation in crop rotation.Simultaneously because the relatively morning in period that Semen Pisi sativi is ripe in 1 year so that receive When obtaining, the requirement of labour is disperseed by farm work, it is simple to the arrangement of labour when summer crops results and summer sown crop are sowed.

To better implement the present invention, further, the tendril type fruit chosen in described step (2) is Passifolra edulis or Portugal Grape.Passifolra edulis therein obtains entitled Passifolra edulis due to strong fragrance, and its fruit both can have been squeezed the juice and also can directly have been searched for food, and had ten Divide important economic worth.

The Passifolra edulis generally planted spring just can be bloomed in July then, JIUYUE fruit maturation.When Second Year is bloomed Between be April, generally Passifolra edulis can be bloomed 5 ~ 6 times in 1 year, blooms and is spaced apart about 15 days, fruit after 2 months Just can ripe pluck.The modes of reproduction of Passifolra edulis has cuttage and planting seed two ways, and the amount of planting of every mu is about 80 strains, Secondary strain can gradually separate lateral bine, continued growth along with main climing growth.

Further, the summer vegetable in described step (6) is Plantula Brassicae chinensis or Amaranthus mangostanus L..Plantula Brassicae chinensis happiness cools, the most resistance to Low temperature and high temperature, the most all can plant, list.And Amaranthus mangostanus L. all can be cultivated within frost-free period in spring to autumn.Outdoor cropping Can sow from late March to early August；In addition to cultivating early spring, typically broadcast latter about 35 days and can list.

Further, described step (1) includes with getting out Seedling:

1.1, by Seedling ground soil property scarifying, ditching, ridging, described row spacing 1m before setting up booth；

1.2, irrigate the fields sterilization with 300 times of liquid of 45% ~ 60% carbendazim；

1.3, excavate on ridge deep 10 ~ 12cm, wide 15 ~ 20cm ditch in case cuttage fruit Seedling.

General vegetable plot is all that physical features is low, and level of ground water is high, spring plum rains, Summer Heavy Rainfall time, often have and flood furrow hydrops Phenomenon, zanjon height furrow decapacitation alleviates and avoids outside damage caused by waterlogging, moreover it is possible to the growth of lowering of watertable, beneficially root system, strengthens root Absorbability, promotes fruit robust growth.Zanjon height furrow can be arranged and can fill, high yields irrespective of drought or water logging, are one of the measures of fruit volume increase.

Further, described step (2) is chosen tendril type fruit variety standard for strong after selecting fruit maturation the previous year The strong fruitful branch without pest and disease damage is as cutting, or the fruit Seedling buying grafting survival from seedling field carries out cuttage breeding.

Further, in described step (2), cuttage step is:

2.1, fruit Seedling cutting is cut into 3 ~ 4 joint, be about 8 ~ 13cm, inferior end notch joint position under 1cm, upper end otch from joint position 3cm, Cutting with 1 full leaf；

2.2, ready cutting is uprightly put into ditch with spacing 20cm, make bud on the ground, lower bud underground and return soil Tamp；

2.3, drenching foot after cuttage and determines root water, in cuttage 1 week, every day waters and keeps ground moistening, and 2 ~ 3d waters one afterwards Secondary；

2.4, keep canopy temperature stable in the range of 7 ~ 12 DEG C, outer space in the outer temperature relatively Gao Shiying of canopy opens booth exchange Gas；

2.5, suitably use root-growing agent and antibacterial to keep cutting seedling root system and the growth of sprouting.

Further, in described step (6), interplanting summer vegetable concretely comprises the following steps:

6.1, open under frame ridge wholely, cut weeds, and apply enough fertilizers, calcium phosphate, base manure；

6.2, selecting suitable kind, dry seed broadcasts sowing, it is ensured that application rate is 0.4 ~ 0.7 kilogram every mu, after planting with harrowing light an animal-drawn seed plough foot Having peace of mind is also watered permeable；

6.3, water once with respectively adding at dusk in the morning, at after-applied 0.2% aqueous solution of urea of neat Seedling, have 2 ~ 3 in seedling length After-applied 1 fertilizer of sheet true leaf, and repeatedly topdress；

6.4, it should be noted that Pest management during plantation.

Further, described step (8) is planted concretely comprising the following steps of Semen Pisi sativi:

8.1, in selecting, pea 6 or middle pea 4 are as sowing kind, and carry out reorganizing and outfit fertilising by the field under frame；

8.2, carrying out seeding and seedling raising, every mu of application rate is advisable with 17 kilograms, should apply enough base manure when cultivation, and base manure can mu Sealing fertilizer 30 kilograms, avoids fertilizer directly to contact with seed as far as possible when using, use the no-tillage plot broadcasted sowing entirely to spread fertilizer over the fields in field Fertilizer；

8.3, when Semen Pisi sativi grew into for four leaf phases, just mu executes 5 kilograms of carbamide, early flowering season mu execute 10 kilograms of carbamide with increase flower, increase pod, Increase grain-weight；

8.4, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 60 milliliters or 20% napropamide 200 milliliters before after planting bud, to water 40～50 kilograms, stirs Soil surface is sprayed after mixing uniformly.Ground moistening is required, to improve drug effect during spray medicine；Then the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage is carried out.

Further, setting up frame in described step (3) specially uses single wall trellis type frame to set up, i.e. one Setting up twice iron wire, post height 1.8m ~ 2.2m on row's upright post, post, away from 3.5m ~ 4.5m, is spaced with plant.

Further, in described step (3), fruit Seedling ground survival after transplant concretely comprises the following steps:

3.1, digging long 60cm, wide 60cm, the planting pit of deep 50cm before field planting, often spread manuer in holes the manure of livestock and poultry 8 ~ 10kg become thoroughly decomposed, calcium and magnesium phosphorus Fertile 1kg makees base manure, and makes the plantation pier of 30cm above ground level；

3.2, planting density is with seeding row spacing 4 m × 5m, plants about 30 strains for every mu；

3.3, should dig a hole during field planting and Seedling is put into gently, and mix thoroughly with appropriate decomposed manure and fine earth and insert Seedling limit, step on and press Reality is also watered and is determined root water, puts tree dish in order and uses rice straw mulching.

The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:

(1) present invention uses rational vegetable and fruit interplanting method, it is possible to employ one's time to the best advantage, many-sided plantation such as space bar Part, realizes the agricultural planting pattern of a kind of high-yield and high-efficiency, uses with not only reducing pesticide, decreases the undue indiscriminate of chemical fertilizer With, it is to avoid cause soil and groundwater to be contaminated；

(2) present invention is by utilizing the tree-dimentional growing model at climbing plant plantation summer vegetable, it is possible to sufficiently utilize environment Each different part, soil of the same area has played the benefit of maximum, has not only increased yield, it is ensured that water The quality of fruit vegetable；

(3) present invention overlaps operation mode by interplanting Semen Pisi sativi thus many seasons under having carried out frame, improves luminous energy and soil Utilization rate, causes and also is able to increase extra economic benefit by harvesting crops in autumn and winter.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method step of the present embodiment is:

The nursery of fruit and plantation:

First selecting Fructus Vitis viniferae is that main fruit plants object, chooses suitable high yield grape variety, selects the basic of cultivar Requirement is: growth potential will be more than medium, and yield reaches medium level above, and resistance against diseases is strong, has the bad condition such as non-irrigated, flooded relatively Strong adaptability, the kind of southern area cultivation to have stronger heat resistance ability.

Then selecting suitable soil to carry out the breeding of Fructus Vitis viniferae, breeding mode then uses vegetative propagation technique, asexual numerous The method grown has cuttage, green wood cutting, press strip, grafting and stem apex, the tissue culture etc. of stem section, wherein applies and more is Cuttage and grafting.And the present embodiment uses hard cuttage, utilize that cuts winter to have the one of this breediness Year, raw branch made cuttage material, and 2 ~ 3 buds of every cuttage branch, special kinds can use single-bud cuttage.

Then carry out the selection of nursery, nursery should select that physical features is smooth, loosing soil, near water source, irrigation and drainage easy Sand loam or loam be advisable, and consider convenient management, leave production path and irrigation and drainage ditch etc..Nursery is freezed in the winter time Before, 40 cm of deep ploughing, then calcium superphosphate every mu 40 ~ 60 kilograms and fertilizer every mu 2500 ~ 2800 kilograms is mixed After spread fertilizer over the fields in surface, thick rake one time, the most carefully rake one time after thawing spring in the coming year.During soil moisture content difference, should first water permeable after, then adopt Insert nursery with ridge, the most cold-proof, insulation, moisturizing.

Choose cutting, carry out cutting by Len req by cutting and cut, one eye cutting length 5 ~ 10 centimetres, double buds or 3 bud cuttings Bar 10 ~ 20 centimetres, cutting rugosity more than 0.5 centimetre, internode length is uniform, and eye is full, and marrow is less than the three of cutting diameter / mono-, cutting color of the leather is yellow to bronzing, without disease pest.Cut cut time, cutting upper end clip is cut away from bud 1 centimeters stump, lower end Clip is tiltedly cut against lower 0.5 centimeters of joint, it might even be possible to cut on joint, this is because the upper nutrient storage of joint is many, easily sprouts and takes root. After cutting shears, every 50 or 100 are bundled into a bundle, root to be urged or cuttage use.Shearing, standby cuttage bar is bundled to be put into clearly Water soaks 12 ~ 24 hours, is emerald green reaches water saturation to clip.For improving the survival rate of cutting propagation, now often adopt The method of treated with medicaments promotees its root of hair.It is typically to dip bundled cuttage bar base portion 1 ~ 2 centimetre with medicine.But never Cutting terminal bud is made medicine.Conventional medicament has: heteroauxing 35 ~ 45mg/kg, Nafusaku 89mg/kg, soaks 14 ~ 20 hours； Indolebutyric acid 90 ~ 95mg/kg soaks 12 hours, or 220 ~ 340mg/kg quickly dips, and takes immediately after cutting base portion is immersed medicinal liquid Go out；Also quickly can dip with naphthalene acetic acid 320 ~ 420mg/kg.Test shows, soaks the 1/3 of branch with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, leaching Steep 40 hours, it is possible to improve cutting propagation survival rate.

Then carry out ridge insert, by nursery deep ploughing carefully rake whole after carry out beat ridge.East and West direction ridging, 50 centimetres of left sides of line-spacing The right side, first digs the ditch of deep, wide each 15 ~ 20 centimetres, and ditch soil northwards turns over, and forms the rib of high 20 centimetres, the cutting then will handled well Inserting along furrow bank by the spacing in the rows of 10 ~ 15 centimetres, when cutting is long, tiltable is inserted, and terminal bud, up towards south, fetches earth from ditch south subsequently and covers Lid, stands solid with their feet, water permeable after earthing again, make fine earth exceed terminal bud 3 ~ 5 centimetres and be advisable.Such as covered with plastic film or build little arch Canopy, more conducively cutting are early taken root.

Then begin preparing for planting field, build frame on the ground in the plantation chosen, and described frame includes flat-top Formula and trellis type, flat roof type is to allow the growing way of Fructus Vitis viniferae form a corridor, and this posture result quantities is fewer, and pollination not side Just, but posture grace is mainly used in sightseeing tour.Commonly use in production is single wall trellis type, i.e. pulls up at row's upright post Twice iron wire, the high about 2m of post, post, away from 3～4 m, is spaced with plant, and this posture has multiple advantage, as illumination is sufficient, logical Wind is good, facilitates pruning, spray medicine, artificial supplementary pollination, and effective greenery layer of plant can be made to thicken, ventilate by photosynthetic Reason, improves yield.

Then early April when, get out the fruit Seedling of Fructus Vitis viniferae, enter in being transplanted to fruit Seedling plant field in booth Row field planting, nursery stock should suitably prune before field planting, and branches and tendrils typically can stay 2 ~ 3 buds；The light pruning root tip.So be conducive to inspiring New root, promotes root mass growth.And at field planting ditch, first dig planting pit by spacing in the rows during field planting, planting pit length and width and the degree of depth are generally 40 Centimetre, subsequently ready nursery stock is put into cave, and makes seedling root naturally unfold, be uniformly distributed to surrounding.First insert portion Divide soil, then carry Seedling gently, make root system touch with soil, then banket steady and sure to Horizon.The depth of planting typically can be by nursery stock at Seedling The degree of depth in garden is planted.Should water in time after transplanted seedling tree, after water penetrates into, cover fine earth again, nursery stock is buried a hill moisturizing and prevents Dry so that it is to germinate ahead of time.

Then carrying out field rich water quality management, carry out Tipping, sublateral shoot process, flower and fruit thinning and the trimming of in good time are spent Fringe, and after the good Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock of field planting, the tendril growing way moment of Fructus Vitis viniferae is paid close attention to, Fructus Vitis viniferae is liana climber, naturalness Lower growth is without certain tree-like, and branches and tendrils gather, and a large amount of nutrients consume in nourishing and growing, and result is few, of poor quality, and pest and disease damage is serious, empty Between waste bigger.So the pruning of branch and leaf should be carried out timely, thus utilizing frame space of planes, regulation is nourished and grown and gives birth to The relation of reproductive growth, to reach the purpose of continuously steady production, high yield, high-quality.

Interplanting summer vegetable under frame:

Described summer vegetable selects Amaranthus mangostanus L. to plant, open under frame ridge wholely, cut weeds, and apply enough fertilizers, Calcium phosphate, base manure；Select suitable kind, between May to June, under frame, carry out the interplanting of Amaranthus mangostanus L.；Dry seed broadcasts sowing, it is ensured that sowing Amount is 0.4 ~ 0.7 kilogram every mu, after planting stands solid with their feet and water permeable with the light an animal-drawn seed plough of rake；Water once with respectively adding at dusk in the morning, At after-applied 0.2% aqueous solution of urea of neat Seedling, there are 2 ~ 3 after-applied 1 fertilizer of true leaf in seedling length, and repeatedly topdress；Plantation Period, Amaranthus mangostanus L. disease resistance was relatively strong, and common disease is brown spot it should be noted that Pest management, hot and humid under the conditions of morbidity weight, Main harm blade, their early stage can spray 200 times of liquid of pesticide corrosion 120 pesticide, or 800 times of liquid of 50% Mancozeb spray, every 6 ~ 8d sprays once, continuous 2 ~ 3 times, gathers first 7 days and discontinues medication.

Semen Pisi sativi is made in plantation field inner sleeve after vendage and summer vegetable:

The baby garden pea kind such as pea 6 and middle pea 4 during Foreign Banks' Entries is optional.Middle pea 6 and No. 4 autumn sowing period of duration of middle pea exist About 70 days, being not required to built cultivation, two kinds compare, middle pea 6 be slightly better than in terms of yield and commodity in pea 4.So After carry out field sowing, should suitably apply base manure and fertilizer at seeding time, the cultivation of autumn Semen Pisi sativi need to use sufficient base manure, execute ingeniously and chase after Fertile.After entering autumn, temperature declines very fast, therefore to handle of short duration vegetative growth phase and nutrient accumulation problem well, in fertilising On can take the fertilization principle of " use sufficient base manure, early execute seed manure, heavy dressing flower pod is fertile ".Base manure can mu sealing fertilizer 35 ~ 40 kilograms, execute Used time avoids fertilizer directly to contact with seed as far as possible, uses the no-tillage plot broadcasted sowing entirely can spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer in field.Four leaf phase mus execute urine Element 4 ~ 4.5 kilograms, early flowering season mu executes 9 kilograms of carbamide, to increase flower, to increase pod, increase grain-weight.Semen Pisi sativi is to avoid water, the crop of fearness drought.Sowing If time soil the most arid, should pour water the dusk before broadcasting or after broadcasting, i.e. drain water after full furrow are moistening, emerging depending on soil moisture content Before fill a water again.Seedling stage and blooming fruiting period such as arid, also to irrigate through furrow.

After planting carry out rational field rich water quality management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, and on soil, cover ground after results Semen Pisi sativi Film thus ensure the soil moisture, so that vine can spend winter smoothly.

Embodiment 2:

The present embodiment is on the basis of above-described embodiment, improves further, and plantation Fructus Vitis viniferae changes into planting Passifolra edulis, described Passifolra edulis plantation step is:

First selecting suitable high-quality Passifolra edulis kind, Passifolra edulis kind has purple, aubergine and yellow three kinds, and with pale reddish brown Passifolra edulis is the most famous, and popularizing planting area is extensive, and planting patterns simply can be learned, and the speed of growth is very fast, in the feelings of spontaneous pollination Also there is the highest success rate under condition, the green fruit variety of pure natural can be developed into, produce into fruit juice beverage, have very High economic worth.And pale reddish brown middle selection No. 1 Passifolra edulis kind of purple perfume is planted, purple fragrant No. 1 Passifolra edulis is in Xinluo District performance For strong adaptability, easily cultivation, growth is fast, disease pest is few, yield is high, superior quality feature, strong adaptability, less demanding to soil, But commerial growing should select more than soil layer 0.5m, fertile soil, loose, draining is good, and soil pH value 5.5 ~ 6.5 is advisable.Purple Fragrant No. 1 Passifolra edulis tolerance to cold is relatively strong, all can cultivate in average temperature of the whole year more than 18 DEG C, more than 8 DEG C areas of the coldest monthly mean temperature, Its optimum growth temperature is 20 ~ 30 DEG C, temperature more than 30 DEG C then poor growth, and temperature is nourished and grown less than 15 DEG C of suppression, temperature During less than 0 DEG C, plant can be endured cold, and when-2 DEG C, plant can seriously be injured even dead.Purple fragrant No. 1 Passifolra edulis pest and disease damage is few, mainly has Base rot disease, citrus fruit fly, red spider etc., as proper in prevention, substantially need not spray medicine.

Then carrying out nursery and the plantation of nursery stock, nursery stock uses the mode of cuttage to breed equally, and cutting time is with the spring 2 ~ March of season is advisable, and selects robust growth, ripe annual branches and tendrils to make cuttage material, cutting is cut into tool 2 ~ 3 joint, is about 10 ~ 15cm, inferior end notch is 1cm under joint position, and upper end otch is from joint position 3cm, with the cutting of 1 full leaf.After cutting is sheared, use ABT root-inducing powder 25mg/kg aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes, then cuttage bore 8cm, high 12cm nutrient bag in cultivate, nutrition Soil is preferred with 50% thin loess, 50% fertile soil, and the cuttage degree of depth reaches the 2/3 of cutting length, after inserting, nutrient bag is emitted in booth On seedbed and watering immediately, water and must irrigate for the 1st time, watering with backsight weather condition keeps moistening.Wide 1.0 ~ the 1.2m in seedbed, Depending on length is with landform, be barricaded as arcuate support with bamboo chip, cover the sunshade net of degree of shading 50%, after 30 days planting percent up to 85% with On.Cuttage about needs 3 ~ 4 months to going out garden.

Then carry out planting the preparation in field, select soil property fertile, rich in organic matter, the convenient soil of draining.One As physical features to be selected of a relatively high, the convenient planting site of draining, irrigation and drainage facility to be carried out for low-lying land.And it is right To select that there is certain slope, after having planned irrigation and drainage and road equipment in large stretch of orchard, it is ensured that plantation hole outer rim is wide 30 centimetres, High more than 20 centimetres.Then starting to set up frame, Passifolra edulis uses trellis type method to plant.Frame height 1.8 ~ 2.0m, Use concrete column and ferrum steel wire as built material.Each plantation between-line spacing 4m founds 1 concrete column, with steel wire with cross-lap joint side Formula pulls into the grid of 30cm × 30cm, forms frame face.In advance by big-arch shelter wall root soil property scarifying in steelframe booth, ditch Ridge, row spacing 1m, irrigates the fields sterilization with 300 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim, also makes ground moistening simultaneously.Then on ridge, excavate ditch, ditch depth 10cm, furrow width 20cm, uprightly put into ditch by ready cutting seedling with spacing 20cm, make bud on the ground, lower bud is on ground Under, return soil and tamp.

Then carrying out rational field rich water quality management, rapidly, increment is big, and the phase of yielding positive results is longer in Passifolra edulis growth, needs Fertile amount is the biggest, waters more, do not apply fertilizer, promote root growth when just transplanting, although Passifolra edulis comparison is drought-enduring, but once hydropenia is just Easily causing fruit drop, so Seedling Stage can water less, to fruit phase irrigation amount to be strengthened of yielding positive results, fine day is general 15d should be maintained at water once.

Then carrying out pest and disease damage prevents work, Passifolra edulis from being the most tough and tensile plant, and pest and disease damage is less.Common are seedling Damping off, epidemic disease, mosaic virus and stem foot rot, and the preventive measure such as Liriomyza, thrips and acarid class, is first by time optimal Phase fertilising ensures the abundant nutrition of Passifolra edulis, followed by must check frame by hard time maintenance, climing by time Pruning Away Branches, it is ensured that Ventilate smooth and easy, prevent epidemic disease from attacking.Note draining rainy season besides, it is to avoid branch and leaf long period of soaking and rot, burn disease branch in time, Sick leaf.Preferably accomplish 5 years just to remove old plant, cultivate new plant.For insect pest when being found to have insect pest with regard to positive deinsectization, Spray pesticide.Eliminating as early as possible, preventing and treating is spread unchecked.Common pesticides, Liriomyza is dived 2500 ~ 3 000 times of liquid of emperor with speckle.Thrips good news 3000 times of liquid.Other parts of the present embodiment are same as the previously described embodiments, repeat no more.

Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not Depart from and these embodiments can be carried out multiple change under the principle of the present invention and objective, revise, replace and modification, the present invention's Scope is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.

Claims (10)

1. a fruit and vegetable interplanting method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) choose suitable soil and build steelframe booth, and get out nursery；

(2) choose suitable tendril type fruit variety, in booth, carry out cutting propagation and carry out nursery bed management；

(3) reorganize and outfit plantation field and set up frame, carrying out the survival after transplant of fruit Seedling in early April；

(4) the clay fertilizer water management in field is carried out during field planting；

(5) pruning of tendril should be carried out after field planting survives, and during planting, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；

(6) between May to June, under frame, carry out the interplanting of summer vegetable；

(7) between August to JIUYUE, carry out the harvesting of fruit and summer vegetable；

(8) reorganize and outfit field after having plucked, then choose suitable Foreign Banks' Entries, plant in field mid-September；

(9) field rich water quality management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out during plantation；

(10) Semen Pisi sativi harvesting is carried out to December November.

A kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described tendril type fruit is hundred perfume Fruit or Fructus Vitis viniferae.

A kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described summer vegetable is Plantula Brassicae chinensis Or Amaranthus mangostanus L..

4. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterised in that: described step (1) In include with getting out Seedling:

1.1, by Seedling ground soil property scarifying, ditching, ridging, described row spacing 1m before setting up booth；

1.2, irrigate the fields sterilization with 300 times of liquid of 45% ~ 60% carbendazim；

1.3, excavate on ridge deep 10 ~ 12cm, wide 15 ~ 20cm ditch in case cuttage fruit Seedling.

5. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterised in that: described step (2) In choose tendril type fruit variety standard be select the previous year fruit maturation after the healthy and strong fruitful branch without pest and disease damage as cutting, or Person buys the fruit Seedling of grafting survival and carries out cuttage breeding from seedling field.

A kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: cuttage step in described step (2) Suddenly it is:

2.1, fruit Seedling cutting is cut into 3 ~ 4 joint, be about 8 ~ 13cm, inferior end notch joint position under 1cm, upper end otch from joint position 3cm, Cutting with 1 full leaf；

2.2, ready cutting is uprightly put into ditch with spacing 20cm, make bud on the ground, lower bud underground and return soil Tamp；

2.3, drenching foot after cuttage and determines root water, in cuttage 1 week, every day waters and keeps ground moistening, and 2 ~ 3d waters one afterwards Secondary；

2.4, keep canopy temperature stable in the range of 7 ~ 12 DEG C, outer space in the outer temperature relatively Gao Shiying of canopy opens booth exchange Gas；

2.5, suitably use root-growing agent and antibacterial to keep cutting seedling root system and the growth of sprouting.

7., according to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterised in that: described step (6) Middle interplanting summer vegetable concretely comprises the following steps:

6.1, open under frame ridge wholely, cut weeds, and apply enough fertilizers, calcium phosphate, base manure；

6.2, selecting suitable kind, dry seed broadcasts sowing, it is ensured that application rate is 0.4 ~ 0.7 kilogram every mu, after planting with harrowing light an animal-drawn seed plough foot Having peace of mind is also watered permeable；

6.3, water once with respectively adding at dusk in the morning, at after-applied 0.2% aqueous solution of urea of neat Seedling, have 2 ~ 3 in seedling length After-applied 1 fertilizer of sheet true leaf, and repeatedly topdress；

6.4, it should be noted that Pest management during plantation.

8. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterised in that: described step (8) Concretely comprising the following steps of middle plantation Semen Pisi sativi:

8.1, in selecting, pea 6 or middle pea 4 are as sowing kind, and carry out reorganizing and outfit fertilising by the field under frame；

8.2, carrying out seeding and seedling raising, every mu of application rate is advisable with 17 kilograms, should apply enough base manure when cultivation, and base manure can mu Sealing fertilizer 30 kilograms, avoids fertilizer directly to contact with seed as far as possible when using, use the no-tillage plot broadcasted sowing entirely to spread fertilizer over the fields in field Fertilizer；

8.3, when Semen Pisi sativi grew into for four leaf phases, just mu executes 5 kilograms of carbamide, early flowering season mu execute 10 kilograms of carbamide with increase flower, increase pod, Increase grain-weight；

8.4, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 60 milliliters or 20% napropamide 200 milliliters before after planting bud, to water 40～50 kilograms, stirs Soil surface is sprayed after mixing uniformly.Ground moistening is required, to improve drug effect during spray medicine；Then the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage is carried out.

9. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterised in that: described step (3) In set up frame be specially use single wall trellis type frame set up, i.e. on row's upright post, set up twice iron wire, Post height 1.8m ~ 2.2m, post, away from 3.5m ~ 4.5m, is spaced with plant.

10. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable interplanting method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, it is characterised in that: described step (3) Middle fruit Seedling ground survival after transplant concretely comprises the following steps:

3.1, digging long 60cm, wide 60cm, the planting pit of deep 50cm before field planting, often spread manuer in holes the manure of livestock and poultry 8 ~ 10kg become thoroughly decomposed, calcium and magnesium phosphorus Fertile 1kg makees base manure, and makes the plantation pier of 30cm above ground level；

3.2, planting density is with seeding row spacing 4 m × 5m, plants about 30 strains for every mu；

3.3, should dig a hole during field planting and Seedling is put into gently, and mix thoroughly with appropriate decomposed manure and fine earth and insert Seedling limit, step on and press Reality is also watered and is determined root water, puts tree dish in order and uses rice straw mulching.