CN110226465A - A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land - Google Patents
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land of the present invention, it is planted by the virus-free seedling of reasonable low-lying land Drainage System Construction, selection, in addition reasonable cultivation management method improves the fruit quality and high yield of passion fruit to reduce the generation of low-lying land passion fruit disease；Apical dominance is removed when draws climing restocking in time, effectively management lateral bine, effective growth promoting second level lateral bine, three-level lateral bine, not only guarantee sufficient amount of fruiting vine, but also cut off extra growth branches and tendrils in time, and reduce nutrient consumption, it also can guarantee orchard ventilation and penetrating light simultaneously, it is not closed, reduce pest and disease damage；Soil sterilization sterilization method of the present invention, first apply plant ash, the sickle-like bacteria of current soil can effectively be killed, since depression humidity is very big, periodically apply the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid of liquid, it so that passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is permeated the ground, kill the sickle-like bacteria of depth of soils, also act as the effect for improving soil soil property and increasing soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology fields of passion fruit, and in particular to a kind of passion fruit cultivation side suitable for low-lying land
Method.
Background technique
Passion fruit, scientific name passionflower, Passifloraceae, Passiflora, for the torrid zone, subtropical zone perennial evergreen liana berries
Fruit tree, current passion fruit pest and disease damage occur seriously, to show: plantation back root part rots, strain is infected vulnerable to pest and disease damage, causes tight
The underproduction again.According to analysis, this is related with the self-contained virus of passion fruit seedling, passion fruit mosaic virus CMV and lignifying virus PWV
For two kinds of main viruses for endangering passion fruit seedling.Traditional passion fruit poison-removing method is: using medicament moroxydine, brown sugar vinegar
Deng sprinkling cauline leaf, detoxification is incomplete, and passion fruit mosaic virus CMV and lignifying virus PWV still occurs seriously, to lead when environment is suitble to
Cause the implantation methods plant short and small, stem apex and leaf-shrinkage, low output, poor quality, malformed fruit are more.
The planting industry of passion fruit and processing industry are in the ascendant, and with development potential, planting technology is especially chosen disease-free
Seed culture of viruses seedling and the cropping pattern of use are just particularly important, and passion fruit is the overgrowing property plant of slightly raw low-priced length, as long as environment item
Part is suitble to, so that it may be grown well.Passion fruit has relatively strong anti-harmful ability to disease pest, but during large-scale planting,
Neighbouring disease pest migrates aggressive pest and what plant caught an illness infects harm, mainly has: seedling sudden fall ill, mosaic disease, epidemic disease, stem
Basal stem rot, root rot and anthracnose, green rice bug, aphid, small trypetid, thrips, yellow tea mite, fruit fly, scale insect etc., work as previous existence
In production there are it is maximum threaten be passion fruit base rot disease, this disease caused by the sickle-like bacteria to hide in soil.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of be easily managed, disease incidence is low is suitable for
The passion fruit cultural method of low-lying land.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of passion fruit suitable for low-lying land is cultivated
Method, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation: digging zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention in low-lying land, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, and the depth of zanjon is 80cm-100cm,
Gutter is dug according to the terrain trend of low-lying land, the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon；
(2) built: building door shape frame, and support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.4m-1.6m, spacing in the rows 5m-6m, digs in low-lying land
50cmx50cm dell to the fixed support column of dell cement grouting, then centered on support column, builds door shape frame；
(3) selection of seedling: the virus-free passion fruit seedling of health is chosen；
(4) drip irrigation facilities are installed: drip irrigation facilities being installed in low-lying land；
(5) it plants: having dug the kind plant hole that diameter is 25cm-35cm, depth is 50cm in low-lying land, apply 20 lis in kind of plant hole
The passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed seedling-raising cup, and planted into kind of plant hole by the base manure of meter Shen, makes transferring for passion fruit seedling
Interface distance ground 10cm-20cm backfills uniform fine earth, and compacting irrigates root water, carries out tree disk；
(6) cultivation management:
1) draws climing restocking: before draws climing restocking, the axillary bud of main stem is extractd at any time, only stays terminal bud restocking；It, will when main stem restocking
It is securing elongated according to direction on the sunny side, to pinch when extending to 8-10 section, remove apical dominance, stay 8-10 level-one
Lateral bine；It pinches when level-one lateral bine is with 8-10 leaf, growth promoting goes out second level lateral bine, and every level-one lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to second level
Lateral bine is climing as a result；Every second level lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to three-level lateral bine climing as a result；It to cut off in time simultaneously more
Remaining growth branches and tendrils；
2) seedling management: by drip irrigation facilities to low-lying land trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is made to be maintained at 60%-70%；Passion fruit plant
Before draws climing restocking based on nitrogen fertilizer application, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is monthly 2-3 times；Change after passion fruit plant main stem restocking topping and applies phosphorus potassium water
Molten fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency are monthly 2-3 times；
3) flowers and fruits period management: extending to -6 section of 4 section to fruiting vine, starts sprayed boric fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is a Monday
Secondary, the boron fertilizer applies 3 times；After passion fruit plant blossom, often opens a batch flower and impose a fertilizer, the fertilizer imposed is
Bioorganic liquid manure, Equilibrium of Trace Elements fertilizer and a great number of elements balance fertilizer；To prevent fruit fly in the fruit development phase to bite
Fruit face；
4) field management: weeds in field is removed with mechanical grass trimmer, the branch of trimming is removed in time, keeps orchard clean and tidy, to soil
Earth sterilizing, to the expelling parasite of passion fruit plant, desinsection；
5) fruit harvesting: 1-2 weeks before shedding, passion fruit fruit is harvested.
Further, zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention is dug in low-lying land in the step (1), digs a zanjon every 3 rows, zanjon
Depth is 90cm, has dug gutter according to the terrain trend of low-lying land, the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon.
Further, the support column in the step (2) is the steel pipe that vertically arranged height is 2.5M, diameter is 8cm.
Further, door shape frame is built in the step (2), support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.5m, spacing in the rows 5.5m.
Further, the passion fruit seedling chosen in the step (3) is virus-free passion fruit grafting or cuttage seeding,
The grafting selects the healthy and strong seedling of the long 10cm or more of scion of graft stock, stem thickness 0.5cm or more；The cuttage seeding is selected
At the long 10cm of young sprout, the healthy and strong seedling of stem thickness 0.5cm or more.
Further, the kind plant hole that diameter is 30cm, depth is 50cm has been dug in low-lying land in the step (5), planted
The passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed seedling-raising cup, and planted into kind of plant hole by the base manure for applying 20 centimetres of depths in plant hole, is made
The graft union of passion fruit seedling backfills uniform fine earth apart from ground 15cm, and compacting irrigates root water, carries out tree disk.
Further, the base manure in the step (5) is decomposed farmyard manure.
Further, the method that prevention fruit fly bites fruit face in the step (6) is to hang yellow plate, backboard elimination fruit
The influence of fly.
Further, in the step (6) to soil sterilization disinfection method are as follows: plantation passion fruit seedling before 2 weeks every
Mu low-lying land spills 60 ㎏ -80 ㎏ of plant ash；Before plantation passion fruit seedling passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed in low-lying land per acre within 1 week
300 ㎏ -400 ㎏ spray 150 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid-to low-lying land per acre in every -35 days 25 days after planting passion fruit seedling
200㎏；The passion fruit skin fermentation liquid the preparation method comprises the following steps: be added in a reservoir the passion fruit pericarp of -8 parts by weight of 5 parts by weight,
The water of the brown sugar of -3 parts by weight of 2 parts by weight, -18 parts by weight of 15 parts by weight is uniformly mixed, and the shady place for being put into without sunlight direct projection is quiet
Fermentation -35 days 30 days is set, passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid is obtained, passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid is diluted 3 times -5 times to get described hundred
Fragrant pericarp fermentation liquid.
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land of the present invention passes through reasonable low-lying land Drainage System Construction, choosing
Virus-free seedling is selected to be planted, in addition reasonable cultivation management method, so that the generation of low-lying land passion fruit disease is reduced,
The fruit quality of passion fruit is improved, realizes the purpose of passion fruit ecological efficient high yield；Apical dominance is removed in time when draws climing restocking,
Effectively management lateral bine, effective growth promoting second level lateral bine, three-level lateral bine not only guaranteed sufficient amount of fruiting vine, but cut off in time it is extra
Growth branches and tendrils, reduce nutrient consumption, while also can guarantee orchard ventilation and penetrating light, it is not closed, reduce pest and disease damage.
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land of the present invention can be killed effectively and be worked as using plant ash is first applied
The sickle-like bacteria of preceding soil periodically applies the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid of liquid, can not only make passion fruit since depression humidity is very big
Skin fermentation liquid permeates the ground, and kills the sickle-like bacteria of depth of soils, also acts as the effect for improving soil soil property and increasing soil fertility,
Therefore soil sterilization sterilization method of the present invention, not only can effectively prevent passion fruit base rot disease, also act as the effect of increasing both production and income
Fruit.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation: digging zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention in low-lying land, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, the depth of zanjon is 80cm, according to low
The terrain trend in depression has dug gutter, and the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon；
(2) built: building door shape frame, and support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.4m, spacing in the rows 5m, and support column is vertically arranged height
Degree be 2.5M, the steel pipe that diameter is 8cm, low-lying land dig 50cmx50cm dell, to dell cement grouting fixation support column, then
Centered on support column, door shape frame is built；
(3) selection of seedling: the passion fruit seedling of selection is virus-free passion fruit grafting, and the grafting selects grafting anvil
The healthy and strong seedling of the wooden long 10cm or more of scion, stem thickness 0.5cm or more；
(4) drip irrigation facilities are installed: drip irrigation facilities being installed in low-lying land；
(5) it plants: having dug the kind plant hole that diameter is 25cm, depth is 50cm in low-lying land, apply 20 centimetres of depths in kind of plant hole
Decomposed farmyard manure, the passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed into seedling-raising cup, and plant into kind of plant hole, makes passion fruit seedling
Graft union apart from ground 10cm, backfill uniform fine earth, be compacted, irrigate root water, carry out tree disk；
(6) cultivation management:
1) draws climing restocking: before draws climing restocking, the axillary bud of main stem is extractd at any time, only stays terminal bud restocking；It, will when main stem restocking
It is securing elongated according to direction on the sunny side, to pinch when extending to 8-10 section, remove apical dominance, stay 8-10 level-one
Lateral bine；It pinches when level-one lateral bine is with 8-10 leaf, growth promoting goes out second level lateral bine, and every level-one lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to second level
Lateral bine is climing as a result；Every second level lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to three-level lateral bine climing as a result；It to cut off in time simultaneously more
Remaining growth branches and tendrils；
2) seedling management: by drip irrigation facilities to low-lying land trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is made to be maintained at 60%-70%；Passion fruit plant
Before draws climing restocking based on nitrogen fertilizer application, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is monthly 2 times；Change that apply phosphorus potassium water-soluble after passion fruit plant main stem restocking topping
Fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency are monthly 2 times；
3) flowers and fruits period management: extending to -6 section of 4 section to fruiting vine, starts sprayed boric fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is a Monday
Secondary, the boron fertilizer applies 3 times；After passion fruit plant blossom, often opens a batch flower and impose a fertilizer, the fertilizer imposed is
Bioorganic liquid manure, Equilibrium of Trace Elements fertilizer and a great number of elements balance fertilizer；It is anti-that yellow plate, backboard are hung in the fruit development phase
Only fruit fly bites fruit face；
4) field management: weeds in field is removed with mechanical grass trimmer, the branch of trimming is removed in time, keeps orchard clean and tidy, to soil
Earth sterilizing, to the expelling parasite of passion fruit plant, desinsection；
5) fruit harvesting: 1-2 weeks before shedding, passion fruit fruit is harvested.
To the method for soil sterilization disinfection in above-mentioned steps (6) are as follows: spilt in low-lying land per acre within 2 weeks before plantation passion fruit seedling
60 ㎏ of plant ash；Before planting passion fruit seedling 1.6 grams of carbendazim are applied in every square meter low-lying land within 1 week；After planting passion fruit seedling
1.6 grams of carbendazim are applied to low-lying land per acre within every 25 days.
To detecting for low-lying land Soil Fusarium, soil of the low-lying land depth at 15 ㎝ -25 ㎝ is monthly acquired, is surveyed
Determine the quantity of sickle-like bacteria in soil.
Embodiment 2
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation: digging zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention in low-lying land, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, the depth of zanjon is 100cm, according to low
The terrain trend in depression has dug gutter, and the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon；
(2) built: building door shape frame, and support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.6m, spacing in the rows 6m, and support column is vertically arranged height
Degree be 2.5M, the steel pipe that diameter is 8cm, low-lying land dig 50cmx50cm dell, to dell cement grouting fixation support column, then
Centered on support column, door shape frame is built；
(3) selection of seedling: the passion fruit seedling of selection is virus-free passion fruit cuttage seeding, and the cuttage seeding selects young sprout long
At 10cm, the healthy and strong seedling of stem thickness 0.5cm or more；
(4) drip irrigation facilities are installed: drip irrigation facilities being installed in low-lying land；
(5) it plants: having dug the kind plant hole that diameter is 35cm, depth is 50cm in low-lying land, apply 20 centimetres of depths in kind of plant hole
Decomposed farmyard manure, the passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed into seedling-raising cup, and plant into kind of plant hole, makes passion fruit seedling
Graft union apart from ground 20cm, backfill uniform fine earth, be compacted, irrigate root water, carry out tree disk；
(6) cultivation management:
1) draws climing restocking: before draws climing restocking, the axillary bud of main stem is extractd at any time, only stays terminal bud restocking；It, will when main stem restocking
It is securing elongated according to direction on the sunny side, to pinch when extending to 8-10 section, remove apical dominance, stay 8-10 level-one
Lateral bine；It pinches when level-one lateral bine is with 8-10 leaf, growth promoting goes out second level lateral bine, and every level-one lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to second level
Lateral bine is climing as a result；Every second level lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to three-level lateral bine climing as a result；It to cut off in time simultaneously more
Remaining growth branches and tendrils；
2) seedling management: by drip irrigation facilities to low-lying land trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is made to be maintained at 60%-70%；Passion fruit plant
Before draws climing restocking based on nitrogen fertilizer application, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is monthly 3 times；Change that apply phosphorus potassium water-soluble after passion fruit plant main stem restocking topping
Fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency are monthly 3 times；
3) flowers and fruits period management: extending to -6 section of 4 section to fruiting vine, starts sprayed boric fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is a Monday
Secondary, the boron fertilizer applies 3 times；After passion fruit plant blossom, often opens a batch flower and impose a fertilizer, the fertilizer imposed is
Bioorganic liquid manure, Equilibrium of Trace Elements fertilizer and a great number of elements balance fertilizer；It is anti-that yellow plate, backboard are hung in the fruit development phase
Only fruit fly bites fruit face；
4) field management: weeds in field is removed with mechanical grass trimmer, the branch of trimming is removed in time, keeps orchard clean and tidy, to soil
Earth sterilizing, to the expelling parasite of passion fruit plant, desinsection；
5) fruit harvesting: 1-2 weeks before shedding, passion fruit fruit is harvested.
To the method for soil sterilization disinfection in above-mentioned steps (6) are as follows: spilt in low-lying land per acre within 2 weeks before plantation passion fruit seedling
60 ㎏ of plant ash；300 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed in low-lying land per acre within 1 week before plantation passion fruit seedling, plant passion fruit
150 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed to low-lying land per acre within every 25 days after seedling；The preparation method of the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid
Are as follows: be added in a reservoir the passion fruit pericarp of 5 parts by weight, the brown sugar of 2 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight water, be uniformly mixed, be put into nothing
The shady place of direct sunlight is left to ferment 30 days, obtains passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid, and passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid is diluted 3 times,
Up to the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid.
To detecting for low-lying land Soil Fusarium, soil of the low-lying land depth at 15 ㎝ -25 ㎝ is monthly acquired, is surveyed
Determine the quantity of sickle-like bacteria in soil.
Embodiment 3
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation: digging zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention in low-lying land, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, the depth of zanjon is 90cm, according to low
The terrain trend in depression has dug gutter, and the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon；
(2) built: building door shape frame, and support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.5m, spacing in the rows 5.5m, and support column is vertically arranged
It is highly 2.5M, the steel pipe that diameter is 8cm, digs 50cmx50cm dell in low-lying land, fix support column to dell cement grouting,
Again centered on support column, door shape frame is built；
(3) selection of seedling: the passion fruit seedling of selection is virus-free passion fruit grafting or cuttage seeding, the grafting choosing
With the healthy and strong seedling of the long 10cm or more of the scion of graft stock, stem thickness 0.5cm or more；The cuttage seeding selects the long 10cm of young sprout
Locate, the healthy and strong seedling of stem thickness 0.5cm or more；
(4) drip irrigation facilities are installed: drip irrigation facilities being installed in low-lying land；
(5) it plants: having dug the kind plant hole that diameter is 30cm, depth is 50cm in low-lying land, apply 20 centimetres of depths in kind of plant hole
Decomposed farmyard manure, the passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed into seedling-raising cup, and plant into kind of plant hole, makes passion fruit seedling
Graft union apart from ground 15cm, backfill uniform fine earth, be compacted, irrigate root water, carry out tree disk；
(6) cultivation management:
1) draws climing restocking: before draws climing restocking, the axillary bud of main stem is extractd at any time, only stays terminal bud restocking；It, will when main stem restocking
It is securing elongated according to direction on the sunny side, to pinch when extending to 8-10 section, remove apical dominance, stay 8-10 level-one
Lateral bine；It pinches when level-one lateral bine is with 8-10 leaf, growth promoting goes out second level lateral bine, and every level-one lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to second level
Lateral bine is climing as a result；Every second level lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to three-level lateral bine climing as a result；It to cut off in time simultaneously more
Remaining growth branches and tendrils；
2) seedling management: by drip irrigation facilities to low-lying land trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is made to be maintained at 60%-70%；Passion fruit plant
Before draws climing restocking based on nitrogen fertilizer application, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is monthly 3 times；Change that apply phosphorus potassium water-soluble after passion fruit plant main stem restocking topping
Fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency are monthly 3 times；
3) flowers and fruits period management: extending to -6 section of 4 section to fruiting vine, starts sprayed boric fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is a Monday
Secondary, the boron fertilizer applies 3 times；After passion fruit plant blossom, often opens a batch flower and impose a fertilizer, the fertilizer imposed is
Bioorganic liquid manure, Equilibrium of Trace Elements fertilizer and a great number of elements balance fertilizer；It is anti-that yellow plate, backboard are hung in the fruit development phase
Only fruit fly bites fruit face；
4) field management: weeds in field is removed with mechanical grass trimmer, the branch of trimming is removed in time, keeps orchard clean and tidy, to soil
Earth sterilizing, to the expelling parasite of passion fruit plant, desinsection；
5) fruit harvesting: 1-2 weeks before shedding, passion fruit fruit is harvested.
To the method for soil sterilization disinfection in above-mentioned steps (6) are as follows: spilt in low-lying land per acre within 2 weeks before plantation passion fruit seedling
80 ㎏ of plant ash；400 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed in low-lying land per acre within 1 week before plantation passion fruit seedling, plant passion fruit
200 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed to low-lying land per acre within every 35 days after seedling；The preparation method of the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid
Are as follows: be added in a reservoir the passion fruit pericarp of 8 parts by weight, the brown sugar of 3 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight water, be uniformly mixed, be put into nothing
The shady place of direct sunlight is left to ferment 35 days, obtains passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid, and passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid is diluted 5 times,
Up to the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid.
To detecting for low-lying land Soil Fusarium, soil of the low-lying land depth at 15 ㎝ -25 ㎝ is monthly acquired, is surveyed
Determine the quantity of sickle-like bacteria in soil.
Embodiment 4
A kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation: digging zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention in low-lying land, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, the depth of zanjon is 95cm, according to low
The terrain trend in depression has dug gutter, and the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon；
(2) built: building door shape frame, and support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.55m, spacing in the rows 5.7m, and support column is vertically arranged
Height be 2.5M, the steel pipe that diameter is 8cm, dig 50cmx50cm dell in low-lying land, supported to dell cement grouting is fixed
Column, then centered on support column, build door shape frame；
(3) selection of seedling: the passion fruit seedling of selection is virus-free passion fruit grafting or cuttage seeding, the grafting choosing
With the healthy and strong seedling of the long 10cm or more of the scion of graft stock, stem thickness 0.5cm or more；The cuttage seeding selects the long 10cm of young sprout
Locate, the healthy and strong seedling of stem thickness 0.5cm or more；
(4) drip irrigation facilities are installed: drip irrigation facilities being installed in low-lying land；
(5) it plants: having dug the kind plant hole that diameter is 28cm, depth is 50cm in low-lying land, apply 20 centimetres of depths in kind of plant hole
Decomposed farmyard manure, the passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed into seedling-raising cup, and plant into kind of plant hole, makes passion fruit seedling
Graft union apart from ground 17cm, backfill uniform fine earth, be compacted, irrigate root water, carry out tree disk；
(6) cultivation management:
1) draws climing restocking: before draws climing restocking, the axillary bud of main stem is extractd at any time, only stays terminal bud restocking；It, will when main stem restocking
It is securing elongated according to direction on the sunny side, to pinch when extending to 8-10 section, remove apical dominance, stay 8-10 level-one
Lateral bine；It pinches when level-one lateral bine is with 8-10 leaf, growth promoting goes out second level lateral bine, and every level-one lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to second level
Lateral bine is climing as a result；Every second level lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to three-level lateral bine climing as a result；It to cut off in time simultaneously more
Remaining growth branches and tendrils；
2) seedling management: by drip irrigation facilities to low-lying land trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is made to be maintained at 60%-70%；Passion fruit plant
Before draws climing restocking based on nitrogen fertilizer application, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is monthly 2 times；Change that apply phosphorus potassium water-soluble after passion fruit plant main stem restocking topping
Fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency are monthly 2 times；
3) flowers and fruits period management: extending to -6 section of 4 section to fruiting vine, starts sprayed boric fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is a Monday
Secondary, the boron fertilizer applies 3 times；After passion fruit plant blossom, often opens a batch flower and impose a fertilizer, the fertilizer imposed is
Bioorganic liquid manure, Equilibrium of Trace Elements fertilizer and a great number of elements balance fertilizer；It is anti-that yellow plate, backboard are hung in the fruit development phase
Only fruit fly bites fruit face；
4) field management: weeds in field is removed with mechanical grass trimmer, the branch of trimming is removed in time, keeps orchard clean and tidy, to soil
Earth sterilizing, to the expelling parasite of passion fruit plant, desinsection；
5) fruit harvesting: 1-2 weeks before shedding, passion fruit fruit is harvested.
To the method for soil sterilization disinfection in above-mentioned steps (6) are as follows: spilt in low-lying land per acre within 2 weeks before plantation passion fruit seedling
70 ㎏ of plant ash；350 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed in low-lying land per acre within 1 week before plantation passion fruit seedling, plant passion fruit
170 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed to low-lying land per acre within every 28 days after seedling；The preparation method of the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid
Are as follows: be added in a reservoir the passion fruit pericarp of 7 parts by weight, the brown sugar of 2.5 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight water, be uniformly mixed, be put into
The shady place of without sunlight direct projection is left to ferment 32 days, obtains passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid, and passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid is diluted 4
Again to get the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid.
To detecting for low-lying land Soil Fusarium, soil of the low-lying land depth at 15 ㎝ -25 ㎝ is monthly acquired, is surveyed
Determine the quantity of sickle-like bacteria in soil.
The following table 1 provides the killing situation of sickle-like bacteria in passion fruit result situation and soil in embodiment 1-4.
| Sequence number | 1 year harvest season number | Fresh fruit counterpoise (gram) | Per mu yield (kilogram) | Soil Fusarium inhibiting rate |
| Embodiment 1 | 5 seasons | 112 | 2145 | 56.39% |
| Embodiment 2 | 5 seasons | 115 | 2255 | 86.52% |
| Embodiment 3 | 5 seasons | 121 | 2350 | 86.45% |
| Embodiment 4 | 5 seasons | 117 | 2275 | 87.18% |
By said determination result it is found that the present invention passes through reasonable low-lying land Drainage System Construction, the virus-free kind of selection
Seedling is planted, in addition reasonable cultivation management method improves passion fruit to reduce the generation of low-lying land passion fruit disease
Fruit quality realizes the purpose of passion fruit ecological efficient high yield；Soil sterilization sterilization method of the present invention, using first applying vegetation
Ash can effectively kill the sickle-like bacteria of current soil, since depression humidity is very big, periodically apply the passion fruit skin fermentation of liquid
Liquid can not only make passion fruit skin fermentation liquid permeate the ground, kill the sickle-like bacteria of depth of soils, also act as improve soil soil property and
Increase the effect of soil fertility, therefore soil sterilization sterilization method of the present invention, not only can effectively prevent passion fruit base rot disease,
Also act as the effect of increasing both production and income.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land, which comprises the following steps:
(1) site preparation: digging zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention in low-lying land, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, and the depth of zanjon is 80cm-100cm,
Gutter is dug according to the terrain trend of low-lying land, the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon；
(2) built: building door shape frame, and support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.4m-1.6m, spacing in the rows 5m-6m, digs in low-lying land
50cmx50cm dell to the fixed support column of dell cement grouting, then centered on support column, builds door shape frame；
(3) selection of seedling: the virus-free passion fruit seedling of health is chosen；
(4) drip irrigation facilities are installed: drip irrigation facilities being installed in low-lying land；
(5) it plants: having dug the kind plant hole that diameter is 25cm-35cm, depth is 50cm in low-lying land, apply 20 lis in kind of plant hole
The passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed seedling-raising cup, and planted into kind of plant hole by the base manure of meter Shen, makes transferring for passion fruit seedling
Interface distance ground 10cm-20cm backfills uniform fine earth, and compacting irrigates root water, carries out tree disk；
(6) cultivation management:
1) draws climing restocking: before draws climing restocking, the axillary bud of main stem is extractd at any time, only stays terminal bud restocking；It, will when main stem restocking
It is securing elongated according to direction on the sunny side, to pinch when extending to 8-10 section, remove apical dominance, stay 8-10 level-one
Lateral bine；It pinches when level-one lateral bine is with 8-10 leaf, growth promoting goes out second level lateral bine, and every level-one lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to second level
Lateral bine is climing as a result；Every second level lateral bine stays 6-8 bud to grow up to three-level lateral bine climing as a result；It to cut off in time simultaneously more
Remaining growth branches and tendrils；
2) seedling management: by drip irrigation facilities to low-lying land trickle irrigation, soil moisture content is made to be maintained at 60%-70%；Passion fruit plant
Before draws climing restocking based on nitrogen fertilizer application, Effects of Fertilization Frequency is monthly 2-3 times；Change after passion fruit plant main stem restocking topping and applies phosphorus potassium water
Molten fertilizer, Effects of Fertilization Frequency are monthly 2-3 times；
3) flowers and fruits period management: extending to -6 section of 4 section to fruiting vine, starts sprayed boric fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer, and Effects of Fertilization Frequency is a Monday
Secondary, the boron fertilizer applies 3 times；After passion fruit plant blossom, often opens a batch flower and impose a fertilizer, the fertilizer imposed is
Bioorganic liquid manure, Equilibrium of Trace Elements fertilizer and a great number of elements balance fertilizer；To prevent fruit fly in the fruit development phase to bite
Fruit face；
4) field management: weeds in field is removed with mechanical grass trimmer, the branch of trimming is removed in time, keeps orchard clean and tidy, to soil
Earth sterilizing, to the expelling parasite of passion fruit plant, desinsection；
5) fruit harvesting: 1-2 weeks before shedding, passion fruit fruit is harvested.
2. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(1) zanjon drainage waterlogging prevention is dug in low-lying land in, digs a zanjon every 3 rows, the depth of zanjon is 90cm, according to the ground of low-lying land
Gesture trend has dug gutter, and the depth in the gutter is greater than the depth of zanjon.
3. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(2) support column in is the steel pipe that vertically arranged height is 2.5M, diameter is 8cm.
4. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(2) door shape frame is built in, support column is arranged according to line-spacing 1.5m, spacing in the rows 5.5m.
5. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(3) the passion fruit seedling chosen in is virus-free passion fruit grafting or cuttage seeding, and the grafting selects graft stock
The healthy and strong seedling of the long 10cm or more of scion, stem thickness 0.5cm or more；The cuttage seeding selects at the long 10cm of young sprout, stem thickness 0.5cm with
On healthy and strong seedling.
6. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(5) the kind plant hole that diameter is 30cm, depth is 50cm has been dug in low-lying land in, has applied the base manure of 20 centimetres of depths in kind of plant hole,
The passion fruit seedling of step (3) is removed into seedling-raising cup, and is planted into kind of plant hole, makes the graft union of passion fruit seedling apart from ground
15cm backfills uniform fine earth, and compacting irrigates root water, carries out tree disk.
7. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(5) base manure in is decomposed farmyard manure.
8. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(6) method that prevention fruit fly bites fruit face in is to hang the influence of yellow plate, backboard elimination fruit fly.
9. a kind of passion fruit cultural method suitable for low-lying land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
(6) to the method for soil sterilization disinfection in are as follows: spill 60 ㎏ -80 ㎏ of plant ash in low-lying land per acre within 2 weeks before plantation passion fruit seedling；
300 ㎏ -400 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed in low-lying land per acre within 1 week before plantation passion fruit seedling, after planting passion fruit seedling
150 ㎏ -200 ㎏ of passion fruit skin fermentation liquid is sprayed to low-lying land per acre within every -35 days 25 days；The preparation of the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid
Method are as follows: the passion fruit pericarp of -8 parts by weight of 5 parts by weight, the brown sugar of -3 parts by weight of 2 parts by weight, 15 weight are added in a reservoir
The water of -18 parts by weight of part, is uniformly mixed, and the shady place for being put into without sunlight direct projection is left to ferment -35 days 30 days, obtains passion fruit skin
Passion fruit skin fermenation raw liquid is diluted 3 times -5 times to get the passion fruit skin fermentation liquid by fermenation raw liquid.
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