CN111194670B - Interplanting method of asparagus and peony - Google Patents
Interplanting method of asparagus and peony Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111194670B CN111194670B CN202010173386.1A CN202010173386A CN111194670B CN 111194670 B CN111194670 B CN 111194670B CN 202010173386 A CN202010173386 A CN 202010173386A CN 111194670 B CN111194670 B CN 111194670B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- asparagus
- peony
- seedlings
- planting
- days
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/10—Asparagus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
An asparagus and peony interplanting method relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and comprises the steps of selecting a planting field, treating asparagus seedlings, treating the planting field for the first time, planting asparagus, interplanting vine crops, treating the planting field for the second time, selecting peony seedlings, treating peony seedlings, planting peony, managing water and fertilizer, harvesting asparagus stumps, shading peony, interplanting compact plants, and managing an asparagus harvesting period. Asparagus can generate stubble on the ground surface, and the stubble of the asparagus is harvested, crushed and covered on the ground surface to provide soil fertility for peony and improve the soil environment of the peony; in 5-9 months of the next year after the asparagus is planted, in a hot summer day, branches and leaves of the asparagus can shade the shady peony, so that the shady peony is prevented from being directly irradiated by sunlight; before planting the peony, the peony seedlings are pretreated, so that nutrition is provided for the peony seedlings before the peony seedlings are planted in the soil, and the growth of the peony seedlings after the peony seedlings are planted in the soil is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to an interplanting method of asparagus and peony.
Background
The asparagus grows in sandy soil areas mostly, roots are developed, high temperature resistance and drought resistance are achieved, water and soil conservation capacity is high, the ground surface is in a dense residual stem and dry branch covering state in winter and spring, wind prevention and sand fixation can be achieved, wind erosion surface soil is reduced, meanwhile, the residual stem and dry branch are cut off in the spring green turning period, the asparagus can be used as high-quality forage grass for livestock, the asparagus can be directly ground and covered on the ground surface, a rotten layer can be formed gradually after accumulation for many years, soil fertility can be improved, soil texture can be improved, evaporation of the ground surface can be effectively inhibited, and irrigation consumption can be reduced.
The oil peony seeds in the peony varieties have high yield, high oil content and high effective components, have strong fleshy root systems, can adapt to various different growth environments and soil environments, do not need to be changed after 30-50 years or even 100 years after the peony seeds are planted and survive, are also called as iron stem crops, are popularized in a large area, can obtain higher economic benefits and social benefits, can prevent water and soil loss and control land desertification, and have good ecological value.
However, in the northwest of China, where water resources are scarce, in arid regions such as deserts and Gobi, where ecological environments are fragile, agricultural gas phase disasters frequently occur, and agricultural productivity is low, agricultural planting conditions are insufficient, summer heat is severe in summer, winter is severe, wind and sand are too abused, and young peony plants survive after field planting and are poor in early growth conditions, so that in the northwest of China, only a small part of plants suitable for the local environments are planted, and peony plants are rarely planted. Moreover, with the improvement of life quality of people, the requirements on living biological resources are higher and higher, wherein peony is included, and when peony which is not suitable for being planted in the northwest region is planted, the problems of low survival rate, weak growth, low yield, overlong investment return cycle and the like can occur, so that a peony planting mode which overcomes adverse environmental conditions and quickly generates economic benefits in the northwest region becomes a problem which is urgently needed to be solved by farmers.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for an interplanting method of asparagus and peony that can plant peony in northwest region and increase the benefit.
An interplanting method of asparagus and peony comprises the following steps:
selecting a planting field;
treating asparagus seedlings: starting from 25 days in 1 month, selecting asparagus seeds, and accelerating germination and raising seedlings to obtain asparagus seedlings;
primary treatment of a planting field: at the bottom of 3 months in the same year, laying asparagus drip irrigation belts and mulching films on the planting land, wherein the row direction is the east-west direction;
and (3) asparagus planting: planting the asparagus seedlings on a planting field 5 months and 5 days in the same year to obtain asparagus, and performing conventional water and fertilizer management on the asparagus;
secondary treatment of the planting field: 1-2 days before 30 days of 9 months in the same year, leveling the land, laying a drip irrigation tape, and laying a drip irrigation tape with the drip hole interval of 30cm and the drip hole flow rate of 2L/H at the position of 70cm on the north side of the asparagus planting row to prepare for planting the peony;
selecting peony seedlings: selecting peony seedlings for two-year or three-year seedling oil, wherein the main root length is more than or equal to 25cm, the root thickness is more than or equal to 0.7cm, the root system is complete, and no diseases, insect pests and infection are caused;
and (3) peony seedling treatment: selecting 1000 times of 80% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times of 20% phoxim missible oil and 5000 times of BT rooting powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed liquid medicine, immersing the selected peony seedlings in the mixed liquid medicine for 30min, and then fishing out to obtain peony planted seedlings;
planting peony: beginning 1-2 days before and after 10 months and 15 days in the same year, spreading and compacting root systems of the peony seedlings which are planted in soil, burying the whole seedlings in the ground by 5-10 cm, and watering thoroughly to obtain the peony.
And (3) water and fertilizer management: performing conventional and same water and fertilizer management on asparagus and peony, and irrigating winter water for the asparagus and peony integrally, wherein the winter water is 1-2 days before and after 11 months and 15 days in the same year;
harvesting residual asparagus plants: harvesting residual asparagus plants on the ground surface before the asparagus sprouts in the middle 3 th month of the year, crushing the residual asparagus plants and covering the crushed residual asparagus plants on the ground surface to provide fertility for the peony, and irrigating water for the first time in the last 3 rd month of the year;
shading with peony: in the same year for 5-9 months, the asparagus grows until branches and leaves are flourishing, the peony is positioned below the north side of the asparagus, and the branches and leaves of the asparagus shade the peony so as to prevent the peony which likes yin from being directly irradiated by sunlight.
Preferably, the method also comprises the following steps after the step of planting the asparagus: interplanting of the tendril crops: and 5 days in the same year, namely the same day as the asparagus is planted, selecting seeds or seedlings of the vining crop, planting a vining crop between every two asparagus seedlings, performing conventional water and fertilizer management and pest control on the vining crop, and temporarily neglecting the management of the asparagus during the planting period of the vining crop until the vining crop is harvested, so that the harvested vining crop is used before the planting period of the peony to increase the benefit and improve the utilization efficiency of land resources.
Preferably, the step of shading with peony further comprises the following steps:
plant type compact crop interplanting: 1-2 days before and after 25 days in the same year 4 and 25 or 1-2 days before and after 5 days in the same year 5 and 5 months, seeds or seedlings of plant type compact crops are selected and planted between every two peony plants, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the plant type compact crops, conventional water and fertilizer management is carried out on asparagus secondarily, and the water and fertilizer management of the peony is temporarily not considered, so that the benefit is increased and the utilization efficiency of land resources is improved;
managing the harvesting period of asparagus: and (3) after the asparagus is planted for 3 years, the asparagus enters an asparagus harvesting period, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the asparagus, and after the asparagus is planted for 10-15 years, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the peony, or the peony is completely subjected to conventional water and fertilizer management and conventional water and fertilizer management of the asparagus is gradually abandoned.
Preferably, the step of "selecting a planting place" is specifically: selecting a planting field with the Ec being less than or equal to 1.2 mS/cm and the pH being less than or equal to 8.3.
Preferably, the step of treating the asparagus seedlings comprises the step of treating the asparagus seeds, and specifically comprises the following steps: selecting asparagus seeds from 1 month and 25 days, namely, from 125 days before asparagus is planted, exposing the asparagus seeds in the sun for 3 days, turning the asparagus seeds every 3-5 hours during exposure, pouring the exposed asparagus seeds into warm water at 58 ℃, continuously stirring clockwise, adding the warm water at 70 ℃ when the water temperature is reduced to 55 ℃, continuously stirring clockwise for soaking seeds for 20min, fishing out the asparagus seeds, quickly pouring the asparagus seeds into warm water at 30 ℃, soaking the asparagus seeds in the environment at 25 ℃ for 48 hours, rubbing the seeds every 12 hours and replacing the warm water at 30 ℃ during soaking, wrapping the asparagus seeds with a clean wet towel after soaking, placing the towel in a constant temperature cabinet for accelerating germination, washing the asparagus seeds once every 12 hours at 28 ℃, cleaning the wet towel, accelerating germination until the asparagus seeds accounting for 18% -22% of the total asparagus seeds are exposed to white, obtaining the Lubai asparagus seeds.
Preferably, the step of 'asparagus seedling treatment' further comprises the step of asparagus seedling culture, and specifically comprises the following steps: selecting 50-hole or 32-hole forest tree plug trays, uniformly mixing asparagus seedlings for 30 days, performing composite medium treatment, selecting desalted coconut chaff, high-quality turf, perlite and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 4:3:2:1, adding 80% carbendazim wettable powder for 100g/m and carrying out cultivation, adding water and uniformly stirring, wherein the water content is proper to enable water drops to seep out through manual extrusion, obtaining a composite medium front material, sealing and covering the composite medium front material with a plastic film, stacking and stewing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 2 days before asparagus seedlings, removing the plastic film, uniformly stirring to obtain a composite medium, placing the composite medium at room temperature for 2 days, sowing white asparagus seeds in the composite medium, ensuring the sowing depth to be 1.5cm, watering after sowing, keeping the seedling temperature to be 28-30 ℃ until seedlings emerge, obtaining the seedlings, keeping the seedling cultivation temperature to be 25-30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-22 ℃ at night until the seedling emergence height of the asparagus exceeds 8cm, uniformly mixing potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium phosphite to obtain a nutrient solution, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nutrient solution is 3:1:1, the ratio of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen is 10:1, fertilizing the asparagus seedling emergence by taking the nutrient solution as a fertilizer, topdressing the asparagus seedling emergence once every 10 days by taking the nutrient solution as the fertilizer when the plant height of the asparagus emergence is 8-20 cm, the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.2mS/cm, after the plant height of the asparagus emergence exceeds 20cm, topdressing the asparagus emergence once every 5 days by taking the nutrient solution as the fertilizer, the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.5-2.8 mS/cm, spraying clear water to flush the leaves of the asparagus emergence after each time of topdressing, reducing the seedling culture temperature and increasing the ventilation volume 15-20 days before the asparagus planting, keeping the seedling culture environment the same as the outdoor seedling culture environment and the plant height of the asparagus over 110 days, and more than 25cm, The number of the branches is more than 4, the root system of the seedling-emerging asparagus is developed and complete, the whole plant has no plant diseases and insect pests and no lodging, and the asparagus seedling is obtained after the seedling culture.
Preferably, the step of 'planting land one-time treatment' is specifically as follows: at the bottom of 3 months in the same year, laying asparagus drip irrigation belts and mulching films on the planting land, wherein the row spacing is 220cm, the row direction is the east-west direction, the drip hole spacing of the drip irrigation belts is 20cm, the water yield of the drip holes is 2L/H, and the asparagus drip irrigation belts and the mulching films have a pressure compensation function; the mulching film is an agricultural plastic mulching film with the thickness of 0.008mm and the width of 80 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, planting asparagus before 5-month peony planting, planting peony when 1-2 days before and after 15-10-month in the same year reach the peony planting period, and harvesting, crushing and covering the asparagus stubble on the ground surface in late 4-month of the next year, so as to provide soil fertility for peony and improve the soil environment of peony; secondly, in 5-9 months of the next year, the weather is hot, branches and leaves of the asparagus grow highly and exuberantly, the peony is positioned below the northern side of the asparagus, the branches and leaves of the asparagus can shade the shady peony, and the shady peony is prevented from being directly irradiated by sunlight; thirdly, before planting the peony, the peony seedlings are pretreated, so that nutrition is provided for the peony seedlings before the peony seedlings are planted in the soil, and the growth of the peony seedlings after the peony seedlings are planted in the soil is promoted. The survival rate of the peony is greatly increased by combining the three points, so that the peony can successfully survive in the northwest areas with weak ecological environments, frequent agricultural gas phase disasters and low agricultural productivity, such as arid zones with water resource shortage, deserts, gobi and the like; and the interplanting design of the asparagus and the peony can also greatly increase the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides an interplanting method of asparagus and peony, which comprises the following steps:
step S01, selecting a planting field: selecting a planting field with the Ec being less than or equal to 1.2 mS/cm and the pH being less than or equal to 8.3.
Step S02, asparagus seed treatment: selecting asparagus seeds from 1 month and 25 days, namely, from 125 days before asparagus is planted, exposing the asparagus seeds in the sun for 3 days, turning the asparagus seeds every 3-5 hours during exposure, pouring the exposed asparagus seeds into warm water at 58 ℃, continuously stirring clockwise, adding the warm water at 70 ℃ when the water temperature is reduced to 55 ℃, continuously stirring clockwise for soaking seeds for 20min, fishing out the asparagus seeds, quickly pouring the asparagus seeds into warm water at 30 ℃, soaking the asparagus seeds in the environment at 25 ℃ for 48 hours, rubbing the seeds every 12 hours and replacing the warm water at 30 ℃ during soaking, wrapping the asparagus seeds with a clean wet towel after soaking, placing the towel in a constant temperature cabinet for accelerating germination, washing the asparagus seeds once every 12 hours at 28 ℃, cleaning the wet towel, accelerating germination until the asparagus seeds accounting for 18% -22% of the total asparagus seeds are exposed to white, obtaining the Lubai asparagus seeds.
Step S03, asparagus seedling culture: selecting 50-hole or 32-hole forest tree plug trays, uniformly mixing asparagus seedlings for 30 days, performing composite medium treatment, selecting desalted coconut chaff, high-quality turf, perlite and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 4:3:2:1, adding 80% carbendazim wettable powder for 100g/m and carrying out cultivation, adding water and uniformly stirring, wherein the water content is proper to enable water drops to seep out through manual extrusion, obtaining a composite medium front material, sealing and covering the composite medium front material with a plastic film, stacking and stewing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 2 days before asparagus seedlings, removing the plastic film, uniformly stirring to obtain a composite medium, placing the composite medium at room temperature for 2 days, sowing white asparagus seeds in the composite medium, ensuring the sowing depth to be 1.5cm, watering after sowing, keeping the seedling temperature to be 28-30 ℃ until seedlings emerge, obtaining the seedlings, keeping the seedling cultivation temperature to be 25-30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-22 ℃ at night until the seedling emergence height of the asparagus exceeds 8cm, uniformly mixing potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium phosphite to obtain a nutrient solution, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nutrient solution is 3:1:1, the ratio of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen is 10:1, fertilizing the asparagus seedling emergence by taking the nutrient solution as a fertilizer, topdressing the asparagus seedling emergence once every 10 days by taking the nutrient solution as the fertilizer when the plant height of the asparagus emergence is 8-20 cm, the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.2mS/cm, after the plant height of the asparagus emergence exceeds 20cm, topdressing the asparagus emergence once every 5 days by taking the nutrient solution as the fertilizer, the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.5-2.8 mS/cm, spraying clear water to flush the leaves of the asparagus emergence after each time of topdressing, reducing the seedling culture temperature and increasing the ventilation volume 15-20 days before the asparagus planting, keeping the seedling culture environment the same as the outdoor seedling culture environment and the plant height of the asparagus over 110 days, and more than 25cm, The number of the branches is more than 4, the root system of the seedling-emerging asparagus is developed and complete, the whole plant has no plant diseases and insect pests and no lodging, and the asparagus seedling is obtained after the seedling culture.
Step S04, planting field primary treatment: at the bottom of 3 months in the same year, laying asparagus drip irrigation belts and mulching films on the planting land, wherein the row spacing is 220cm, the row direction is the east-west direction, the drip hole spacing of the drip irrigation belts is 20cm, the water yield of the drip holes is 2L/H, and the asparagus drip irrigation belts and the mulching films have a pressure compensation function; the mulching film is an agricultural plastic mulching film with the thickness of 0.008mm and the width of 80 cm.
Step S05, asparagus planting: planting the asparagus seedlings on a planting field 5 months and 5 days in the same year to obtain asparagus, and performing conventional water and fertilizer management on the asparagus;
step S06, interplanting of the vine crops: and 5 days in the same year, namely the same day as the asparagus is planted, selecting seeds or seedlings of the vining crop, planting a vining crop between every two asparagus seedlings, performing conventional water and fertilizer management and pest control on the vining crop, and temporarily neglecting the management of the asparagus during the planting period of the vining crop until the vining crop is harvested, so that the harvested vining crop is used before the planting period of the peony to increase the benefit and improve the utilization efficiency of land resources.
Step S07, secondary treatment of the planting field: 1-2 days before 30 days of 9 months in the same year, leveling the land, laying a drip irrigation tape, and laying a drip irrigation tape with the drip hole interval of 30cm and the drip hole flow rate of 2L/H at the position of 70cm on the north side of the asparagus planting row to prepare for planting the peony;
step S08, selecting peony: selecting peony seedlings for two-year or three-year seedling oil, wherein the main root length is more than or equal to 25cm, the root thickness is more than or equal to 0.7cm, the root system is complete, and no diseases, insect pests and infection are caused;
step S09, peony seedling treatment: selecting 1000 times of 80% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times of 20% phoxim missible oil and 5000 times of BT rooting powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed liquid medicine, immersing the selected peony seedlings in the mixed liquid medicine for 30min, and then fishing out to obtain peony planted seedlings;
step S10, planting peony: beginning 1-2 days before and after 10 months and 15 days in the same year, spreading and compacting root systems of the peony seedlings which are planted in soil, burying the whole seedlings in the ground by 5-10 cm, and watering thoroughly to obtain the peony.
Step S11, water and fertilizer management: performing conventional and same water and fertilizer management on asparagus and peony, and irrigating winter water for the asparagus and peony integrally, wherein the winter water is 1-2 days before and after 11 months and 15 days in the same year;
step S12, harvesting the asparagus stumps: harvesting residual asparagus plants on the ground surface before the asparagus sprouts in the middle 3 th month of the year, crushing the residual asparagus plants and covering the crushed residual asparagus plants on the ground surface to provide fertility for the peony, and irrigating water for the first time in the last 3 rd month of the year;
step S13, shading the peony: in the same year for 5-9 months, the asparagus grows until branches and leaves are flourishing, the peony is positioned below the north side of the asparagus, and the branches and leaves of the asparagus shade the peony so as to prevent the peony which likes yin from being directly irradiated by sunlight.
Step S14, plant type compact crop interplanting: 1-2 days before and after 25 days in the same year 4 and 25 or 1-2 days before and after 5 days in the same year 5 and 5 months, seeds or seedlings of plant type compact crops are selected and planted between every two peony plants, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the plant type compact crops, conventional water and fertilizer management is carried out on asparagus secondarily, and the water and fertilizer management of the peony is temporarily not considered, so that the benefit is increased and the utilization efficiency of land resources is improved;
step S15, managing the harvest time of asparagus: and (3) after the asparagus is planted for 3 years, the asparagus enters an asparagus harvesting period, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the asparagus, and after the asparagus is planted for 10-15 years, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the peony, or the peony is completely subjected to conventional water and fertilizer management and conventional water and fertilizer management of the asparagus is gradually abandoned.
In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, a preferred embodiment is illustrated as follows:
step BS01, selecting a desert of a reservoir area of a water tunnel ditch reservoir as a planting area, locating at the north side of east and Mingmeng great wall of the yellow river of Yinchuan city of the national city of Ningxia Hui of China, 30km from the city area of Yinchuan, 10km from the city area of Lingwu, 2km from the exit of the water tunnel ditch of the expressway, having the geographical position of 38 degrees 19 '-38 degrees 20' of north latitude, 106 degrees 30 '-106 degrees 32' of east longitude and the altitude elevation of 1150-1210 m; the annual average temperature is 8.5 ℃, the extreme low temperature is-26 ℃, the extreme high temperature is 39 ℃ (the time when the maximum temperature of the day exceeds 36 ℃ is 35-45 days), the early frost starting period is 21-25 days in 9 months, and the late frost finishing period is 5-10 days in the next year in 5 months; the annual rainfall is 200mm, and the annual evaporation capacity is 2800 mm; the soil particles are mainly sand particles with little sticky particles, the content of organic matters is 0.721 percent, the total nitrogen content is 0.034 percent, the total phosphorus content is 0.030 percent, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 5.13mg/kg, the available phosphorus content is 4.214mg/kg, the available potassium content is 28.48mk/kg, the soil fertility is low, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity is poor;
step BS02, asparagus seed treatment: selecting asparagus seeds from 25 days after 1 month, wherein the varieties of the asparagus seeds are Alidedron and Glard, F1 and green and white dual-purpose, the asparagus seeds are vigorous in growth, strong in disease resistance, difficult to bloom and loose, the branch point is more than 60cm, the diameter of the asparagus is about 2.0 cm, the asparagus seeds are straight and uniform and have bright green color, the asparagus seeds are placed in the sun for 3 days, the asparagus seeds are turned over every 3-5 hours during the exposure, the exposed asparagus seeds are poured into 58 ℃ warm water and are stirred clockwise, when the water temperature is reduced to 55 ℃, 70 ℃ warm water is added to adjust the water temperature to 58 ℃, the water temperature is continuously stirred clockwise for 20min, the asparagus seeds are fished out, the asparagus seeds are quickly poured into 30 ℃ warm water and are placed in a 25 ℃ environment for 48 hours, during the seed soaking, the seeds are washed by rubbing every 12 hours and are replaced by 30 ℃ warm water, after the seed soaking, the asparagus seeds are wrapped by clean wet towels and placed in a constant-temperature box for accelerating germination, elutriating the asparagus seeds once by using warm water at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ every 12 hours during germination accelerating period, cleaning a wet towel, and accelerating germination until the asparagus seeds with the quantity being 18-22% of the total number of the asparagus seeds are exposed to the white, so as to obtain exposed white asparagus seeds;
step BS03, culturing asparagus seedlings: selecting a 50-hole forest plug tray, treating the forest plug tray with the upper opening length and width of 5cm multiplied by 5cm, the lower opening length and width of 2cm multiplied by 2cm and the plug depth of 8.5cm, carrying out composite medium treatment 1-2 days before the asparagus seedlings are raised for 30 days, uniformly mixing desalted coconut chaff, high-quality turf, perlite and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 4:3:2:1, adding 80% carbendazim wettable powder for 100g/m to sprout, adding water and stirring uniformly, properly extruding water drops by hand to obtain a composite medium front material, sealing and covering by using a plastic film, stacking and stewing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 2 days before the asparagus seedlings are raised, removing the plastic film and stirring uniformly to obtain a composite medium, sowing the white asparagus seeds in the composite medium with the sowing depth of 1.5cm after the composite medium is placed at room temperature for 2 days, watering after the sowing, keeping the temperature at 28-30 ℃ until the asparagus seedlings are raised, after seedling emergence, keeping the seedling raising temperature at 25-30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-22 ℃ at night until the plant height of the seedling-emerging asparagus exceeds 8cm, uniformly mixing potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium phosphite to obtain a nutrient solution, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nutrient solution is 3:1:1, and the ratio of nitrate nitrogen to ammonium nitrogen is 10:1, fertilizing the seedling-emerging asparagus by using the nutrient solution as a fertilizer, when the plant height of the seedling-emerging asparagus is 8-20 cm, topdressing the seedling-emerging asparagus once by using the nutrient solution as the fertilizer every 10 days, wherein the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.2mS/cm, and after the plant height of the seedling-emerging asparagus exceeds 20cm, topdressing the seedling-emerging asparagus once by using the nutrient solution as the fertilizer every 5 days, wherein the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.5-2.8 mS/cm, and spraying clear water to flush the leaves of the seedling-emerging asparagus after each topdressing is finished;
step BS04, treating the planting field for one time: at the end of 3 months in the same year, removing stubbles among planting fields and carrying out rotary tillage for 20 cm; paving an asparagus drip irrigation tape and a mulching film according to the east-west direction, wherein the drip irrigation tape is made of phi 16 pressure compensation type PE pipes, the distance between drip holes is 20cm, and the water yield of the drip holes is 2L/H; the mulching film is an agricultural plastic mulching film with the thickness of 0.008mm and the width of 80cm, the drip irrigation tape is positioned in the middle of the lower part of the mulching film, and the root system growing space is positioned in the inverted rectangular groove below the planting ground, so that the surface transverse diffusion loss of moisture and nutrients is avoided, and the function of controlling weeds is also achieved;
step BS05, starting 20 days in 4 months in the same year, reducing seedling raising temperature, increasing ventilation volume, starting 1 day in 5 months, paying attention to weather forecast, keeping seedling raising environment the same as outdoor open air environment, raising seedlings for more than 110 days, wherein the plant height of the seedlings of asparagus is more than 25cm, the number of branches is more than 4, the roots of the seedlings of asparagus are developed and complete, the whole plant of asparagus is free of plant diseases and insect pests and lodging, and seedlings are obtained after seedling raising;
step BS06, selecting watermelon as the vintage crop at the beginning of 4 months in the same year, selecting watermelon seeds of 'summer pillow Jr', selecting a 72-hole plug tray, and carrying out watermelon seedling raising in the same way as that of the asparagus seedling raising in the step BS03, wherein the watermelon seedlings emerge for 20 days, grow robustly and integrally with one leaf and one heart, have complete and developed root systems and no plant diseases and insect pests, and the seedlings are obtained after the seedling raising;
step BS07, planting asparagus: planting the asparagus seedlings on the planting land 5 months and 5 days in the same year, wherein the planting distance is 40cm, and thus obtaining the asparagus;
step BS08, interplanting of vine crops: planting a watermelon seedling between every two asparagus seedlings in the same year for 5 months and 5 days, sealing a mulching film opening to obtain watermelons, continuously watering the planting field for 4 hours, avoiding or reducing watering according to soil moisture content during seedling recovering, performing conventional water and fertilizer management and pest control on the watermelons after seedling recovering, wherein the operations of pruning, pollination and fruit retention of the watermelons are the same as those of conventional farming, namely determining the fertilizing amount and fertilizing type of the watermelons by adopting a nutrient balance method, and watering when the actual water content of the soil in the planting field reaches 70% of the water holding capacity of the soil, wherein the planned wetting depth is 30 cm; fertilizing every time of irrigation, wherein the concentration of the fertilizer is 2.5-3.5 ms/cm; irrigation and fertilization are increased in the vine extending period and the fruit swelling period of the watermelons, management of asparagus is temporarily omitted during the planting period of the watermelons until the watermelons are harvested, so that the harvested vine crops are used before the peony planting period to increase benefits and improve the utilization efficiency of land resources;
step BS09, secondary treatment of the planting field: 1-2 days before the 9 th month and 30 th day in the same year, cleaning watermelon stubbles, leveling land, laying drip irrigation belts and rotary tillage asparagus row-to-row open spaces; and paving a phi 16PE pressure compensation type drip irrigation tape at the position 70cm away from the north side of the asparagus planting row, and connecting the drip irrigation tape to a ground main pipe of a planting field for the asparagus. The drip irrigation belt has the drip hole spacing of 30cm and the drip hole flow rate of 2L/H. Punching planting holes according to the plant spacing of 60cm, wherein the diameter of each planting hole is 8-10 cm, the depth of each planting hole is 25-30 cm, the diameter and the depth of each planting hole are determined according to the size of the peony seedling selected in the step S10, and drip irrigation belts with the drip hole spacing of 30cm and the drip hole flow rate of 2L/H are laid at the position 70cm on the north side of the asparagus planting row;
step BS10, selecting peony: selecting two-year or three-year seedling paeonia rockii, wherein the main root length is more than or equal to 25cm, the root thickness is more than or equal to 0.7cm, the root system is complete, and the seedling is free from disease, insect and pest infection;
step BS11, peony seedling treatment: selecting 1000 times of 80% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times of 20% phoxim missible oil and 5000 times of BT rooting powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed liquid medicine, immersing the selected peony seedlings in the mixed liquid medicine for 30min, and then fishing out to obtain peony planted seedlings;
step BS12, planting peony: beginning 1-2 days before and after 10 months and 15 days in the same year, spreading and compacting root systems of the peony seedlings which are planted in soil, burying the whole seedlings in the ground by 5-10 cm, and watering thoroughly to obtain the peony.
Step BS13, water and fertilizer management: performing conventional and same water and fertilizer management on asparagus and peony;
and step BS14, integrally irrigating the asparagus and the peony with winter water 1-2 days before and after 11 and 15 days in the same year.
Step BS15, harvesting asparagus stumps: harvesting residual asparagus plants on the ground surface before the asparagus sprouts in the middle 3 th month of the year, crushing the residual asparagus plants and covering the crushed residual asparagus plants on the ground surface to provide fertility for the peony, and irrigating water for the first time in the last 3 rd month of the year;
step BS16, plant type compact crop interplanting: the plant type compact crop is soybean, corn or pepper; selecting seeds or seedlings of soybean or corn for 1-2 days before and after 25 days of 4 months in the same year, and planting between every two peonies; or selecting seeds or seedlings of the hot pepper and planting the seeds or seedlings between every two peony plants 1-2 days before and after 5 days of 5 months in the same year; the method mainly carries out conventional water and fertilizer management on soybean, corn or pepper, secondarily carries out conventional water and fertilizer management on asparagus, and temporarily does not consider the water and fertilizer management of peony so as to increase benefits and improve the utilization efficiency of land resources;
step BS17, managing the harvest time of asparagus: and (3) after the asparagus is planted for 3 years, the asparagus enters an asparagus harvesting period, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the asparagus, and after the asparagus is planted for 10-15 years, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the peony, or the peony is completely subjected to conventional water and fertilizer management and conventional water and fertilizer management of the asparagus is gradually abandoned.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An interplanting method of asparagus and peony is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting a planting field;
treating asparagus seedlings: selecting asparagus seeds from 1 month and 25 days in the first year, and accelerating germination and raising seedlings to obtain asparagus seedlings;
primary treatment of a planting field: at the end of 3 months in the first year, laying asparagus drip irrigation belts and mulching films on the planting land, wherein the row direction is the east-west direction;
and (3) asparagus planting: 5, 5 months and 5 days in the first year, planting asparagus seedlings on a planting field to obtain asparagus, and performing conventional water and fertilizer management on the asparagus;
secondary treatment of the planting field: 1-2 days before 30 days of 9 months in the first year, leveling the land, laying a drip irrigation tape, and laying a drip irrigation tape with the drip hole interval of 30cm and the drip hole flow rate of 2L/H at the position of 70cm on the north side of the asparagus planting row to prepare for planting the peonies;
selecting peony seedlings: selecting peony seedlings for two-year or three-year seedling oil, wherein the main root length is more than or equal to 25cm, the root thickness is more than or equal to 0.7cm, the root system is complete, and no diseases, insect pests and infection are caused;
and (3) peony seedling treatment: selecting 1000 times of 80% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times of 20% phoxim missible oil and 5000 times of BT rooting powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed liquid medicine, immersing the selected peony seedlings in the mixed liquid medicine for 30min, and then fishing out to obtain peony planted seedlings;
planting peony: beginning 1-2 days before and after 10 months and 15 days in the first year, spreading and compacting root systems of the peony seedlings which are planted in the soil, burying the whole seedlings in the ground by 5-10 cm, and watering thoroughly to obtain the peony;
and (3) water and fertilizer management: performing conventional and same water and fertilizer management on asparagus and peony, and irrigating winter water for the asparagus and peony integrally, wherein 1-2 days are before and after 11-15 days in the first year;
harvesting residual asparagus plants: in the middle 3 th month of the next year, before the asparagus germinates out of the soil, harvesting residual plants of the asparagus on the ground surface, crushing the residual plants of the asparagus and covering the ground surface to provide fertility for the peony, and irrigating water for the first time in the late 3 rd month of the same year;
shading with peony: in the next 5-9 months, the asparagus grows until branches and leaves are flourishing, the peony is positioned below the northern side of the asparagus, and the branches and leaves of the asparagus shade the peony so as to prevent the peony which likes yin from being directly irradiated by sunlight.
2. The method for interplanting asparagus and peony as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of: interplanting of the tendril crops: and 5 days 5 months and 5 days in the first year, namely the same day as the asparagus is planted, selecting seeds or seedlings of the vintage crop, planting a vintage crop between every two asparagus seedlings, performing conventional water and fertilizer management and pest control on the vintage crop, and temporarily neglecting management of the asparagus during the planting period of the vintage crop until the vintage crop is harvested so as to increase benefits and improve the utilization efficiency of land resources by using the harvested vintage crop before the planting period of peony.
3. The method for interplanting asparagus and peony as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of 'harvesting residual asparagus plants' further comprises the following steps:
plant type compact crop interplanting: 1-2 days before and after 25 days at 4 months in the next year or 1-2 days before and after 5 days at 5 months in the next year, seeds or seedlings of plant-type compact crops are selected and planted between every two peonies, the plant-type compact crops are mainly subjected to conventional water and fertilizer management, asparagus are secondarily subjected to conventional water and fertilizer management, and the water and fertilizer management of the peonies is temporarily not considered, so that the benefit is increased and the utilization efficiency of land resources is improved;
managing the harvesting period of asparagus: and (3) after the asparagus is planted for 3 years, the asparagus enters an asparagus harvesting period, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the asparagus, and after the asparagus is planted for 10-15 years, conventional water and fertilizer management is mainly carried out on the peony, or the peony is completely subjected to conventional water and fertilizer management and conventional water and fertilizer management of the asparagus is gradually abandoned.
4. The method for interplanting asparagus and peony as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of selecting a planting field specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a planting field with the Ec being less than or equal to 1.2 mS/cm and the pH being less than or equal to 8.3.
5. The method for interplanting asparagus and peony as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of treating the asparagus seedlings comprises the step of treating the asparagus seeds, and specifically comprises the following steps: starting from 25 days in 1 month or 125 days before asparagus is planted, selecting asparagus seeds, placing the asparagus seeds in the sun for 3 days, turning over the asparagus seeds every 3-5 hours during the exposure, pouring the exposed asparagus seeds into warm water at 58 ℃, stirring clockwise, adding the warm water at 70 ℃ when the water temperature is reduced to 55 ℃, continuously stirring clockwise for soaking seeds for 20min, fishing out the asparagus seeds, quickly pouring the asparagus seeds into warm water at 30 ℃, soaking the asparagus seeds in the environment at 25 ℃ for 48 hours, washing the asparagus seeds every 12 hours during the soaking period, changing the warm water at 30 ℃, wrapping the asparagus seeds with a clean wet towel after the soaking is finished, placing the towel in a constant temperature cabinet for accelerating germination, washing the wet towel once every 12 hours at 28 ℃, and cleaning the wet towel, accelerating germination until the asparagus seeds accounting for 18% -22% of the total number of the asparagus seeds are exposed to white, obtaining the Lubai asparagus seeds.
6. The method for interplanting asparagus and peony as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of 'asparagus seedling treatment' also comprises the step of asparagus seedling culture, which specifically comprises the following steps: selecting 50-hole or 32-hole forest tree plug trays, uniformly mixing asparagus seedlings for 30 days, performing composite medium treatment, selecting desalted coconut chaff, high-quality turf, perlite and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 4:3:2:1, adding 80% carbendazim wettable powder for 100g/m and carrying out cultivation, adding water and uniformly stirring, wherein the water content is proper to enable water drops to seep out through manual extrusion, obtaining a composite medium front material, sealing and covering the composite medium front material with a plastic film, stacking and stewing at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 2 days before asparagus seedlings, removing the plastic film, uniformly stirring to obtain a composite medium, placing the composite medium at room temperature for 2 days, sowing white asparagus seeds in the composite medium, ensuring the sowing depth to be 1.5cm, watering after sowing, keeping the seedling temperature to be 28-30 ℃ until seedlings emerge, obtaining the seedlings, keeping the seedling cultivation temperature to be 25-30 ℃ in the daytime and 18-22 ℃ at night until the seedling emergence height of the asparagus exceeds 8cm, uniformly mixing potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium phosphite to obtain a nutrient solution, wherein the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nutrient solution is 3:1:1, the ratio of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen is 10:1, fertilizing the asparagus seedling emergence by taking the nutrient solution as a fertilizer, topdressing the asparagus seedling emergence once every 10 days by taking the nutrient solution as the fertilizer when the plant height of the asparagus emergence is 8-20 cm, the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.2mS/cm, after the plant height of the asparagus emergence exceeds 20cm, topdressing the asparagus emergence once every 5 days by taking the nutrient solution as the fertilizer, the topdressing concentration Ec is 2.5-2.8 mS/cm, spraying clear water to flush the leaves of the asparagus emergence after each time of topdressing, reducing the seedling culture temperature and increasing the ventilation volume 15-20 days before the asparagus planting, keeping the seedling culture environment the same as the outdoor seedling culture environment and the plant height of the asparagus over 110 days, and more than 25cm, The number of the branches is more than 4, the root system of the seedling-emerging asparagus is developed and complete, the whole plant has no plant diseases and insect pests and no lodging, and the asparagus seedling is obtained after the seedling culture.
7. The method for interplanting asparagus and peony as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of 'planting land one-time treatment' is specifically as follows: at the end of 3 months in the first year, laying asparagus drip irrigation belts and mulching films on the planting land, wherein the row spacing is 220cm, the row direction is the east-west direction, the drip hole spacing of the drip irrigation belts is 20cm, the water yield of the drip holes is 2L/H, and the asparagus drip irrigation belts and the mulching films have a pressure compensation function; the mulching film is an agricultural plastic mulching film with the thickness of 0.008mm and the width of 80 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010173386.1A CN111194670B (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Interplanting method of asparagus and peony |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010173386.1A CN111194670B (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Interplanting method of asparagus and peony |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111194670A CN111194670A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
| CN111194670B true CN111194670B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Family
ID=70742726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010173386.1A Expired - Fee Related CN111194670B (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Interplanting method of asparagus and peony |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111194670B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112119847A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-25 | 山东郓城久源农业科技有限公司 | Grass-prevention and germ-prevention efficient cultivation method for enhancing water and fertilizer utilization of asparagus |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550275A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method for interplanting vegetables with asparagus |
| CN104705142A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-06-17 | 蒲绪萍 | Peony, pepper and apple tree intercropping method |
| CN105284409A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-03 | 云南希尔康种植有限公司 | Method for interplanting oil-used peonies under gingko forest |
| CN105766537A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 安徽大川生态农业开发有限公司 | Multilayer inter-planting method for spina gleditsiae |
| CN107567926A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-12 | 临汾市碧丰霖农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of fig and asparagus interplanting method |
| CN108496676A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-07 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of oil tree peony overlay film composite plant method |
| CN109964756A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-05 | 安徽省鲜可达农业股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of asparagus interplanting |
-
2020
- 2020-03-13 CN CN202010173386.1A patent/CN111194670B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550275A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-11 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method for interplanting vegetables with asparagus |
| CN104705142A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-06-17 | 蒲绪萍 | Peony, pepper and apple tree intercropping method |
| CN105284409A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-03 | 云南希尔康种植有限公司 | Method for interplanting oil-used peonies under gingko forest |
| CN105766537A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 安徽大川生态农业开发有限公司 | Multilayer inter-planting method for spina gleditsiae |
| CN107567926A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-12 | 临汾市碧丰霖农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of fig and asparagus interplanting method |
| CN108496676A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-07 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of oil tree peony overlay film composite plant method |
| CN109964756A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-05 | 安徽省鲜可达农业股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of asparagus interplanting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111194670A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104641872A (en) | Cucumber cultivation method | |
| CN104584976A (en) | Grape planting method | |
| CN102577824A (en) | Method for cultivating asparaguses in North China | |
| CN105027868A (en) | One-year-two-harvest cultivation efficient planting method for fresh-eating corns and fresh-eating sweet potatoes in districts along Huai River | |
| CN105684807A (en) | Seedling growing method for ammodendron argenteum | |
| CN1236538A (en) | Method for quick cultivation of litchi seedlings with litchi twigs | |
| CN104126470A (en) | Vatica guangxiensis nutritious cup seedling culture method | |
| CN109644764B (en) | Large-field planting method for white tea seedlings | |
| CN104718923A (en) | Drought-resisting cultivation method for ginkgo trees | |
| CN106034681A (en) | Abelmoschus manihot planting technique | |
| CN111194670B (en) | Interplanting method of asparagus and peony | |
| CN109328894B (en) | Space layout and cultivation method of forage grass for sheep | |
| CN104604513A (en) | Cultivation method of Han Fuji apple | |
| CN112005823B (en) | Ecological planting method for strawberry variety resource preservation | |
| CN109089774A (en) | A kind of pumpkin high yield cultivating method | |
| CN105340682A (en) | Drought-resisting cultivation method for grapes | |
| CN107125122A (en) | A kind of floral leaf glossy privet seeding growing seedlings method | |
| CN111011079B (en) | Seedling cultivation method for fraxinus microphylla and planting method for fraxinus microphylla | |
| CN108401821B (en) | High-latitude cold-region potato and rice double-season continuous cropping planting method | |
| CN112913614A (en) | High-altitude organic Chinese yam cultivation method | |
| CN112889600A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting and crop rotation of mountain pepper-corn-rape-garlic | |
| CN111328651A (en) | Cultivation method for harvesting two crops through crop rotation planting in one year | |
| CN111386956A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting fruit pawpaw and white gourd | |
| CN109952920A (en) | A kind of corn control root method for culturing and transplanting seedlings | |
| CN110692419B (en) | Method for replanting tea trees by using paddy field in mountainous area |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20211105 |