CN104115650A - Greening method for saline-alkaline land - Google Patents
Greening method for saline-alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115650A CN104115650A CN201410315262.7A CN201410315262A CN104115650A CN 104115650 A CN104115650 A CN 104115650A CN 201410315262 A CN201410315262 A CN 201410315262A CN 104115650 A CN104115650 A CN 104115650A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wild flower combination used for greening a saline-alkaline land. The wild flower combination comprises iris lacteal palls, heliopsis helianthoides, Kochia scoparia, hibiscus grandiflorus, veronica didyma, gaillardia aristata pursh, purple coneflowers, aquilegia, dianthus chinensis, monarda didyma, balloon flowers, willow herbs, coreopsis basalis, dandelions, orychophragmus violaceus, cosmos, zinnia elegans, maidenhair, mirabilis jalapa, celosia plumosa, limonium bicolor and zoysia sinica. Through reasonable combining, the wild flower combination plays a role in greening the saline-alkaline land, and meanwhile a good landscape effect can be guaranteed. The invention further provides a planting method for the wild flower combination used for greening the saline-alkaline land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cropping pattern and the implantation methods of saline land woods, relate more specifically to a kind of by the screening of saline alkali tolerant plant being adopted to the saline land greening method of reasonably combination and implantation methods.
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is all to form under certain natural conditions, and the essence of its formation is mainly that various ease of solubility salts are done redistributing of horizontal direction and vertical direction on ground, thereby salinity is built up at the upper soll layer in collection salt area.Saline land is a kind of salt aggregation, refer to that the contained salinity in soil the inside has influence on the normal growth of crop, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in saline land, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.The formation of China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, most of relevant with the accumulative total of Carbonates In Soil, thereby basicity is generally higher, serious salt affected soil regional plant almost can not be survived.
China's saline-alkali soil area is to change decision according to its soil types and weather conditions, is divided into salt marsh district, strand, Huang-Huai-Hai plain salt marsh district, desert and desert steppe salt marsh district, the large type in four, salt marsh district, grassland.
Although some plant can grow in saline land, yet become neutral soil larger to the mankind's benefit alkaline land improvement, it is very extensive that this type of research is also carried out.Main improvement direction is to reduce underground evaporation of water and reduce groundwater level, the measure that can adopt comprises that plantation salt-tolerant plant improves the vegetation coverage in saline land, improvement irrigation means are stopped flood irrigation, introducing flushing saline land, water source makes to ooze under soluble-salt dissolving, level land and be beneficial to ooze under current, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching; Set up drain ditch and reduce groundwater level.In addition also can adopt chemical method, to applying the materials such as gypsum in soil, also can be conducive to improve saline land.Along with the fast development of urbanization process, city size expands gradually, and urban afforestation problem is more and more serious, the higher area of some saline and alkaline degree especially, and its Greening problem is particularly outstanding.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of greening method of saline land, by the screening of saline alkali tolerant plant employing are reasonably combined and implantation methods, make also can see that beautiful grand ground is by landscape effect under the condition of saline land.
Wild flower for saline land greening combination of the present invention, comprises following component: Chinese small iris, daylight chrysanthemum, summer cypress, great Hua gumbo, Veronica, gaillardia aristata, purple coneflower, garden columbine, Chinese China pink, borse balm, balloonflower root, Lythrum salicaria, golden wave, dandelion, eryuelan, coreopsis, youth-and-old-age, French marigold, [common, pinniform cockscomb, twocolor sealavander herb and Zoysia sinica.Described wild flower combination has comprised secretes salt plant, saline alkali tolerant plant, and in assurance, it can, under the prerequisite of saline land plantation plot vigorous growth, can also effectively improve the soil regime in saline land.Meanwhile, screening reasonably combination have been passed through in described wild flower combination, and different vegetative period and florescence are combined, and make also can see under the condition of saline land that beautiful grand ground is by landscape effect.
Preferably, the described combination of the wild flower for saline land greening comprises following component: the Chinese small iris of 10 weight portions, the daylight chrysanthemum of 5 weight portions, the summer cypress of 3 weight portions, the great Hua gumbo of 5 weight portions, the Veronica of 3 weight portions, the gaillardia aristata of 5 weight portions, the purple coneflower of 5 weight portions, the garden columbine of 5 weight portions, the Chinese China pink of 5 weight portions, the borse balm of 5 weight portions, the balloonflower root of 5 weight portions, the Lythrum salicaria of 3 weight portions, the golden wave of 5 weight portions, the dandelion of 3 weight portions, the eryuelan of 3 weight portions, the coreopsis of 5 weight portions, the youth-and-old-age of 5 weight portions, the French marigold of 5 weight portions, the [common of 10 weight portions, the pinniform cockscomb of 5 weight portions, the Zoysia sinica of the twocolor sealavander herb of 10 weight portions and 3 weight portions.
The present invention also provides a kind of implantation methods of the combination of the wild flower for saline land greening, and it comprises the following steps:
First stage, First Year September, the raw nursery stock of the surrounding plantation shrub plant Chinese tamarisk 2-5 in plantation plot; Furrow noodles in plantation plot are broadcast herbaceous plant Chinese small iris, garden columbine and twocolor sealavander herb, and the line-spacing of Chinese small iris is not less than 1m, and the line space of garden columbine and Chinese small iris is not more than 25-30cm; The spacing of twocolor sealavander herb and garden columbine is not more than 25-30cm; Last and plantation plot blank space sow grass seeds by duster Zoysia sinica and eryuelan; The present invention plants Chinese tamarisk, twocolor sealavander herb etc. in First Year and secretes salt plant on described plantation plot, can effectively reduce the saline and alkaline degree in described plantation plot, for the growth of other saline alkali tolerant plants of Second Year lays the foundation.
Second stage, prepares seed belt, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request on seed belt, hot-house culture, Second Year, after the beginning of spring, is directly planted in seed belt in the plantation ditch of offering on described plantation plot.Because purple coneflower need to be sowed in advance, ensure enough blade quantities, Second Year just can reach good plant type and the amount of blooming.Balloonflower root need to be sowed in advance, guarantees enough plant sizes, and Second Year just can reach good plant type and the amount of blooming.Borse balm need to be sowed in advance, ensures that Second Year has good plant type and the amount of blooming.So the present invention prepares seed belt in advance, described purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm are planted in seed belt, be placed in greenhouse and pass the winter, guaranteed the good plant type of described purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm and the amount of blooming.
Phase III, Second Year is prepared pill by the seed mixed-matrix of summer cypress, Veronica, great Hua gumbo, dandelion, coreopsis and pinniform cockscomb after blooming spring, then directly broadcasts sowing; The seed of daylight chrysanthemum, gaillardia aristata, youth-and-old-age and French marigold is mixed, directly sow grass seeds by duster; [common adopts the mode of broadcasting sowing to sow;
Fourth stage, Second Year autumn, sows Chinese China pink, Lythrum salicaria and golden wave; Described Lythrum salicaria needs Furrow sowing, and the described Chinese small iris line-spacing of its distance is not more than 15-25cm.
The described matrix of using when preferably, the described phase III is prepared pill comprises: neutral soil 45-50%; Chinese tamarisk plant dried powder 10-15%; Binding agent 2-5% and mosanom 5-10%.
Preferably, the planting process of described Chinese small iris comprises the following steps:
(1) wholely, according to the line-spacing that is not less than 1m, ditch, ditch depth 20-25cm, furrow width 20-25cm; Bottom of trench is laid the thick damp sand of 10cm;
(2) sowing, mixes the seed of described Chinese small iris seed dressing with damp sand, and drilling is in ditch;
(3) cover, after planting in ditch, cover the neutral soil that one deck is mixed with water-loss reducer now, then the superiors cover with the soil in described plantation plot.Conventional Chinese small iris needs husky Tibetan vernalization in winter, if directly sow 2-3 month ability, germinates.The method of the invention is directly sowed Chinese small iris in having buried the plantation ditch of damp sand, both can guarantee that the seed safety of Chinese small iris is survived the winter, and while having reduced again plantation, the step of seed treatment, reduces manually, raises the efficiency.
Preferably, the preparation method of seed belt described in second stage comprises:
A, utilize degradable regenerative cardboard to make to have the strip pedestal of a plurality of unit;
B, in each unit of described pedestal, fill seedling medium, described seedling medium comprises: soil 60-70%; Organic 20-30% and fertilizer 5-10%.
C, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request is in each unit of seed belt.Described seed belt can directly be planted on described plantation plot, has reduced the sowing of transplanting, and not only can improve survival rate of plant, guarantees that it has good plant type and the amount of blooming, and can reduce manually, raises the efficiency.
Wild flower for saline land greening combination of the present invention, seed applicability is strong, utilizes the reasonable combination at different growing stages and florescence, has guaranteed the landscape effect that saline land greening is good.Implantation methods for the combination of saline land greening wild flower of the present invention, method is simple, effectively guarantees seed germination rate, survival rate of plant, and provide excellent environment to guarantee that described wild flower combination has good plant type and the amount of blooming, and can reduce manually, raise the efficiency.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification word.
Embodiment 1
The described combination of the wild flower for saline land greening comprises following component: the Chinese small iris of 10 weight portions, the daylight chrysanthemum of 5 weight portions, the summer cypress of 3 weight portions, the great Hua gumbo of 5 weight portions, the Veronica of 3 weight portions, the gaillardia aristata of 5 weight portions, the purple coneflower of 5 weight portions, the garden columbine of 5 weight portions, the Chinese China pink of 5 weight portions, the borse balm of 5 weight portions, the balloonflower root of 5 weight portions, the Lythrum salicaria of 3 weight portions, the golden wave of 5 weight portions, the dandelion of 3 weight portions, the eryuelan of 3 weight portions, the coreopsis of 5 weight portions, the youth-and-old-age of 5 weight portions, the French marigold of 5 weight portions, the [common of 10 weight portions, the pinniform cockscomb of 5 weight portions, the Zoysia sinica of the twocolor sealavander herb of 10 weight portions and 3 weight portions.
The present invention also provides a kind of implantation methods of the combination of the wild flower for saline land greening, and it comprises the following steps:
First stage, First Year September, the raw nursery stock of the surrounding plantation shrub plant Chinese tamarisk 2-5 in plantation plot; Furrow noodles in plantation plot are broadcast herbaceous plant Chinese small iris, garden columbine and twocolor sealavander herb, and the line-spacing of Chinese small iris is not less than 1m, and the line space of garden columbine and Chinese small iris is for example 30cm; The spacing of twocolor sealavander herb and garden columbine is for example 25cm; Last and plantation plot blank space sow grass seeds by duster Zoysia sinica and eryuelan; The planting process of described Chinese small iris comprises the following steps:
(1) wholely, according to the line-spacing that is not less than 1m, ditch, ditch depth is for example 25cm, and furrow width is for example 20cm; Bottom of trench is laid the thick damp sand of 10cm;
(2) sowing, mixes the seed of described Chinese small iris seed dressing with damp sand, and drilling is in ditch;
(3) cover, after planting in ditch, cover the neutral soil that one deck is mixed with water-loss reducer now, then the superiors cover with the soil in described plantation plot.
Second stage, prepares seed belt, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request on seed belt, hot-house culture, Second Year, after the beginning of spring, is directly planted in seed belt in the plantation ditch of offering on described plantation plot.The preparation method of described seed belt comprises:
A, utilize degradable regenerative cardboard to make to have the strip pedestal of a plurality of unit;
B, in each unit of described pedestal, fill seedling medium, described seedling medium comprises: soil 70%; Organic matter 20% and fertilizer 10%.
C, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request is in each unit of seed belt.
Phase III, Second Year is prepared pill by the seed mixed-matrix of summer cypress, Veronica, great Hua gumbo, dandelion, coreopsis and pinniform cockscomb after blooming spring, then directly broadcasts sowing; The seed of daylight chrysanthemum, gaillardia aristata, youth-and-old-age and French marigold is mixed, directly sow grass seeds by duster; [common adopts the mode of broadcasting sowing to sow; The described matrix of using while preparing pill comprises: neutral soil 50%; Chinese tamarisk plant dried powder 10%; Binding agent 5% and mosanom 8%.
Fourth stage, Second Year autumn, sows Chinese China pink, Lythrum salicaria and golden wave; Described Lythrum salicaria needs Furrow sowing, and the described Chinese small iris line-spacing of its distance is not more than 25cm.
Embodiment 2
The described combination of the wild flower for saline land greening comprises following component: the Chinese small iris of 10 weight portions, the daylight chrysanthemum of 5 weight portions, the summer cypress of 3 weight portions, the great Hua gumbo of 5 weight portions, the Veronica of 3 weight portions, the gaillardia aristata of 5 weight portions, the purple coneflower of 5 weight portions, the garden columbine of 5 weight portions, the Chinese China pink of 5 weight portions, the borse balm of 5 weight portions, the balloonflower root of 5 weight portions, the Lythrum salicaria of 3 weight portions, the golden wave of 5 weight portions, the dandelion of 3 weight portions, the eryuelan of 3 weight portions, the coreopsis of 5 weight portions, the youth-and-old-age of 5 weight portions, the French marigold of 5 weight portions, the [common of 10 weight portions, the pinniform cockscomb of 5 weight portions, the Zoysia sinica of the twocolor sealavander herb of 10 weight portions and 3 weight portions.
The present invention also provides a kind of implantation methods of the combination of the wild flower for saline land greening, and it comprises the following steps:
First stage, First Year September, the raw nursery stock of the surrounding plantation shrub plant Chinese tamarisk 2-5 in plantation plot; Furrow noodles in plantation plot are broadcast herbaceous plant Chinese small iris, garden columbine and twocolor sealavander herb, and the line-spacing of Chinese small iris is not less than 1m, and the line space of garden columbine and Chinese small iris is for example 25cm; The spacing of twocolor sealavander herb and garden columbine is for example 25cm; Last and plantation plot blank space sow grass seeds by duster Zoysia sinica and eryuelan; The planting process of described Chinese small iris comprises the following steps:
(1) wholely, according to the line-spacing that is not less than 1m, ditch, ditch depth is for example 25cm, and furrow width is 25cm for example; Bottom of trench is laid the thick damp sand of 10cm;
(2) sowing, mixes the seed of described Chinese small iris seed dressing with damp sand, and drilling is in ditch;
(3) cover, after planting in ditch, cover the neutral soil that one deck is mixed with water-loss reducer now, then the superiors cover with the soil in described plantation plot.
Second stage, prepares seed belt, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request on seed belt, hot-house culture, Second Year, after the beginning of spring, is directly planted in seed belt in the plantation ditch of offering on described plantation plot.The preparation method of described seed belt comprises:
A, utilize degradable regenerative cardboard to make to have the strip pedestal of a plurality of unit;
B, in each unit of described pedestal, fill seedling medium, described seedling medium comprises: soil 60%; Organic matter 30% and fertilizer 10%.
C, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request is in each unit of seed belt.
Phase III, Second Year is prepared pill by the seed mixed-matrix of summer cypress, Veronica, great Hua gumbo, dandelion, coreopsis and pinniform cockscomb after blooming spring, then directly broadcasts sowing; The seed of daylight chrysanthemum, perennial root adult chrysanthemum, daytime grass and French marigold is mixed, directly sow grass seeds by duster; [common adopts the mode of broadcasting sowing to sow; The described matrix of using while preparing pill comprises: neutral soil 45%; Chinese tamarisk plant dried powder 15%; Binding agent 2% and mosanom 5%.
Fourth stage, Second Year autumn, sows Chinese China pink, Lythrum salicaria and golden wave; Described Lythrum salicaria needs Furrow sowing, and the described Chinese small iris line-spacing of its distance is not more than 25cm.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in specification and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details.
Claims (6)
1. the combination of the wild flower for saline land greening, it is characterized in that, comprise following component: Chinese small iris, daylight chrysanthemum, summer cypress, great Hua gumbo, Veronica, gaillardia aristata, purple coneflower, garden columbine, Chinese China pink, borse balm, balloonflower root, Lythrum salicaria, golden wave, dandelion, eryuelan, coreopsis, youth-and-old-age, French marigold, [common, pinniform cockscomb, twocolor sealavander herb and Zoysia sinica.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for the wild flower combination of saline land greening, it is characterized in that, comprise following component: the Chinese small iris of 10 weight portions, the daylight chrysanthemum of 5 weight portions, the summer cypress of 3 weight portions, the great Hua gumbo of 5 weight portions, the Veronica of 3 weight portions, the gaillardia aristata of 5 weight portions, the purple coneflower of 5 weight portions, the garden columbine of 5 weight portions, the Chinese China pink of 5 weight portions, the borse balm of 5 weight portions, the balloonflower root of 5 weight portions, the Lythrum salicaria of 3 weight portions, the golden wave of 5 weight portions, the dandelion of 3 weight portions, the eryuelan of 3 weight portions, the coreopsis of 5 weight portions, the youth-and-old-age of 5 weight portions, the French marigold of 5 weight portions, the [common of 10 weight portions, the pinniform cockscomb of 5 weight portions, the Zoysia sinica of the twocolor sealavander herb of 10 weight portions and 3 weight portions.
As described in claim 1,2 for an implantation methods for the wild flower combination of saline land greening, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
First stage, First Year September, the raw nursery stock of the surrounding plantation shrub plant Chinese tamarisk 2-5 in plantation plot; Furrow noodles in plantation plot are broadcast herbaceous plant Chinese small iris, garden columbine and twocolor sealavander herb, and the line-spacing of Chinese small iris is not less than 1m, and the line space of garden columbine and Chinese small iris is not more than 25-30cm; The spacing of twocolor sealavander herb and garden columbine is not more than 25-30cm; Finally at described plantation plot blank space sow grass seeds by duster Zoysia sinica and eryuelan;
Second stage, prepares seed belt, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request on seed belt, hot-house culture, Second Year, after the beginning of spring, is directly planted in seed belt in the plantation ditch of offering on described plantation plot;
Phase III, Second Year is prepared pill by the seed mixed-matrix of summer cypress, Veronica, great Hua gumbo, dandelion, coreopsis and pinniform cockscomb after blooming spring, then directly broadcasts sowing; The seed of daylight chrysanthemum, gaillardia aristata, youth-and-old-age and French marigold is mixed, directly sow grass seeds by duster; [common adopts the mode of broadcasting sowing to sow;
Fourth stage, Second Year autumn, sows Chinese China pink, Lythrum salicaria and golden wave; Described Lythrum salicaria needs Furrow sowing, and the described Chinese small iris line-spacing of its distance is not more than 15-25cm.
4. as claimed in claim 3 for the implantation methods of the wild flower combination of saline land greening, it is characterized in that, the described matrix that the described phase III is used while preparing pill comprises: neutral soil 45-50%; Chinese tamarisk plant dried powder 10-15%; Binding agent 2-5% and mosanom 5-10%.
5. as claimed in claim 3 for the implantation methods of the wild flower combination of saline land greening, it is characterized in that, the planting process of described Chinese small iris comprises the following steps:
(1) wholely, according to the line-spacing that is not less than 1m, ditch, ditch depth 20-25cm, furrow width 20-25cm; Bottom of trench is laid the thick damp sand of 10cm;
(2) sowing, mixes the seed of described Chinese small iris seed dressing with damp sand, and drilling is in ditch;
(3) cover, after planting in ditch, cover the neutral soil that one deck is mixed with water-loss reducer now, then the superiors cover with the soil in described plantation plot.
6. as claimed in claim 3 for the implantation methods of the wild flower combination of saline land greening, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described seed belt comprises:
A, utilize degradable regenerative cardboard to make to have the strip pedestal of a plurality of unit;
B, in each unit of described pedestal, fill seedling medium, described seedling medium comprises: soil 60-70%; Organic 20-30% and fertilizer 5-10%;
C, the seed of purple coneflower, balloonflower root and borse balm is mixed, program request is in each unit of seed belt.
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| CN104892131A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-09 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A plant-regulator-containing fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of sword iris |
| CN104885759A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-09 | 南通安立可农产品科技有限公司 | Bicolor limonium planting method |
| CN105027914A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting blanket flower and sweet potatoes in saline and alkaline land |
| CN105103902A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating platycodon grandiflorum in saline-alkali land by means of greenhouse |
| CN105248108A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏东珠景观股份有限公司 | Green belt plant combination cultivation method |
| CN107371439A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-24 | 潍坊职业学院 | Introduction Flowers carry out heavy saline-alkali area at seashore original soil greening method |
| CN107787771A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-13 | 大千生态环境集团股份有限公司 | A kind of great Hua gumbos cultivation technique |
| CN112189515A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-08 | 盐城工学院 | Construction method of Kochia scoparia community on light saline soil |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104892131A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-09 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A plant-regulator-containing fertilizer for saline-alkali land and applications thereof in plantation of sword iris |
| CN104885759A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-09 | 南通安立可农产品科技有限公司 | Bicolor limonium planting method |
| CN105027914A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting blanket flower and sweet potatoes in saline and alkaline land |
| CN105103902A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating platycodon grandiflorum in saline-alkali land by means of greenhouse |
| CN105248108A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏东珠景观股份有限公司 | Green belt plant combination cultivation method |
| CN107371439A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-24 | 潍坊职业学院 | Introduction Flowers carry out heavy saline-alkali area at seashore original soil greening method |
| CN107787771A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-13 | 大千生态环境集团股份有限公司 | A kind of great Hua gumbos cultivation technique |
| CN112189515A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-08 | 盐城工学院 | Construction method of Kochia scoparia community on light saline soil |
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|---|---|
| CN104115650B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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