CN102326503B - Method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage - Google Patents

Method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage Download PDF

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CN102326503B
CN102326503B CN2011102311872A CN201110231187A CN102326503B CN 102326503 B CN102326503 B CN 102326503B CN 2011102311872 A CN2011102311872 A CN 2011102311872A CN 201110231187 A CN201110231187 A CN 201110231187A CN 102326503 B CN102326503 B CN 102326503B
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saline
cuttage
chinese tamarisk
water
forest
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CN102326503A (en
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张秀梅
刘小京
崔鑫晶
孙秀芳
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Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage. The method comprises the following steps of: A, carrying out land preparation, building bench borders; B, irrigating with saline water in winter and freezing; C, mulching film; D, preparing cutting wood; E, carrying out cuttage and planting; F, fertilizing; and G, carrying out growth period management. In the invention, through taking a series of measures such as land preparation, freezing and irrigating with the saline water in winter, melting and showering with the saline water in spring, film mulching for reducing soil and retaining water and the like, Chinese tamarisk forest can be planted in the littoral saline-alkali land by a direct cuttage method, good effect is realized in the same year when afforestation is carried out in high saline-alkali land, vegetation coverage rate of the high saline-alkali land is improved, ecological environment is improved, and the method disclosed by the invention has a wide application prospect.

Description

The method of planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage
Technical field
The present invention relates to water resource utilization and soil melioration technical field, the method for especially growing into forest at beach saline land Chinese tamarisk cuttage.
Background technology
The soil alkaline arid is the principal element of restriction agricultural development, and traditional alkaline land improving mainly is the filling row measure realization of drenching salt, extracting underground water, lowering of watertable by fresh water.Because freshwater resources are deficient, the application of this measure is restricted.Particularly at Sea And Bohai Sea Coast, more than 2,000 ten thousand mu coastal saline-alkali soil is difficult to utilize owing to lacking fresh water, and crop is difficult to growth.Yet although the coastal region freshwater resources are deficient, salt water resources is abundant.
Formerly patent " utilizing the method in bitter natural freezing improvement the saline land " (patent No.: 200510012450.3) referring to the applicant, resources characteristic according to coastal region, invented and utilized the icing method of irrigating the improvement saline land of salt water a kind of winter, namely utilize salt water to freeze freeze thawing degree of saltiness moisture from principle, utilize in the winter time natural cooling source, utilize salt water to irrigate, form ice sheet at upper soll layer after irrigating, because the melting point of different salinity salt water ice is different, spring is along with temperature raises, the salt water of high concentration melts first first and infiltrates, the brackish water that melts afterwards is until the infiltrating of fresh water, surface soil salinity there is a leaching, reaches the purpose of upper soll layer desalination.But above-mentioned research does not provide the concrete operation method of the specific crop of plantation, because different plant habit is different, still need to explore the concrete plantation scheme that is suitable for Different Crop by lot of experiments on the basis of above-mentioned technology.
Chinese tamarisk is the important greening pioneer tree species of China's varieties in saline-alkali areas, belongs to the perennial salt halophytes that secretes, and has extremely strong salt tolerant, drought resistance, has large tracts of land to distribute in saline and alkaline arid area.The breeding of Chinese tamarisk is generally the seed breeding of naturally growing directly from seeds, and reproduction speed is slower, in recent years, is fast breeding Chinese tamarisk nursery stock, has adopted kind bar cottage propagation.Though Chinese tamarisk is halophytes, but the cuttage and seedling culture phase is relatively more responsive to salinity, the heavy RS in Alkali Region in the strand, soil salt content in spring high (more than 2%), subterranean water level is shallow, salinity is high, and the Chinese tamarisk cuttage is difficult to survive, therefore, spring, heavy RS in Alkali Region was created suitable soil moisture and low-salt environment in the strand, was the key that guarantees Chinese tamarisk cutting survival and growth.This patent has been invented the method for growing into forest at beach saline land Chinese tamarisk cuttage on the basis of lot of experiments.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of method in planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage, by consolidation, the icing irrigation of salt water in winter, spring salt water ice melt shower, plastic mulching presses down the series of measures such as salt soil moisture conservation, reduce the salt content of Chinese tamarisk root layer soil, guarantee the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
The method of planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage, its step comprises:
A, consolidation: before entering the winter, carry out, build the bar field on the ground at coastal saline-alkali, build around in the bar field and highly be the retaining ridge of 30cm, plowed soils;
B, irrigation with saline water in winter freeze: when winter daily mean temperature stable when being lower than-5 ℃ the extracting saline groundwater irrigate, the irrigation water salt content below 15g/L, irrigation quantity 180mm;
C, plastic mulching: melt fully until salt water ice and to infiltrate behind the soil early spring, in time utilize mulch film to cover, suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in spring to reduce evaporation;
D, plugged ear process: before the Chinese tamarisk rudiment, clip 1-2 gives birth to the healthy and strong branch of rugosity 0.8-1.2cm, kind of bar is cut the plugged ear that is truncated into long 15cm, and the plugged ear that shears is by 100 bundlings, and is embedded in the wet sand and stores;
E, cuttage plantation: with clear water plugged ear being soaked 24 hours first before the cuttage, is that No. 1 ABT root-inducing powder liquid of 1g/10kg soaked fringe 4-6 hour with concentration again, and it is plugged ear lower end 10cm that liquid soaks the fringe position; Adopt cuttage plantation on the film, the plugged ear bottom of handling well is punctured mulch film directly insert in the soil, 1-2cm bassets on the plugged ear top after the cuttage;
F, fertilising: enter rainy season, impose effective content and be 46% urea 10kg/ mu, fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields before adopting rainfall;
G, growing season management: in time manually wipe out and treat insect pests and plant diseases weeds in vegetative period, in time anti-eliminating aphis guarantees the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, in the steps A, excavate the dark drain ditch of 50cm, the bar field of making length 500m every 20 meters.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step B, irrigate with little water first and freeze, until the earth's surface form stablize ice sheet after, once fill with the sufficient 180mm water yield, the salt water ice sheet is stablized in the rear formation of pouring water.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step C, the overlay film width is 90-120cm.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step D, plugged ear upper end clip flushes, and the lower end is cut and is the shape of a hoof.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, in the step e, the seeding row spacing of cuttage plantation is: line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 25cm.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is:
Though Chinese tamarisk is halophytes, but the cuttage and seedling culture phase is relatively more responsive to salinity, the heavy RS in Alkali Region in the strand, soil salt content in spring high (more than 2%), subterranean water level is shallow, salinity is high, and the Chinese tamarisk cuttage is difficult to survive, therefore, spring, heavy RS in Alkali Region was created suitable soil moisture and low-salt environment in the strand, was the key that guarantees Chinese tamarisk cutting survival and growth; Spring Plastic-film Tomato of the present invention covers measure, has suppressed the moisture evaporation, has reduced the soil salt Upward Migration, has the effect that presses down the salt soil moisture conservation, improved the saline land, guaranteed cutting survival and the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk branch, realized growing into forest at beach saline land Chinese tamarisk cuttage;
The present invention is by consolidation, the icing irrigation of salt water in winter, spring salt water ice melt shower, plastic mulching presses down the series of measures such as salt soil moisture conservation, Chinese tamarisk cuttage soil salt content planting season is reduced to below 0.4%, soil moisture content reaches more than 26%, thereby the cuttage plantation that has guaranteed Chinese tamarisk survives and normal growth, has realized that the strand weighs RS in Alkali Region and improves then then greening; The present invention is simple to operate, and cost is low, is adapted at the heavy RS in Alkali Region in strand and uses, and has important practical significance for coastal saline-alkali district vegetation Fast Reconstruction, Improvement of Ecological Environment;
The heavy saline- alkali area at seashore production test demonstration in 3 years, survival and growth is good after the Chinese tamarisk cuttage plantation, and biomass is high; Cuttage survival rate reaches 95.7%, and the plant strain growth height reaches 1.2m then; By the present invention, successfully realized that in heavy RS in Alkali Region barren land greening takes effect then then, improved the vegetation coverage of heavy saline, improved ecotope, the present invention has a extensive future.
Embodiment
Following examples describe the present invention in detail.Various raw material used in the present invention and items of equipment are conventional commercially available prod, all can buy directly by market to obtain.
Embodiment 1
The application example of the below method plantation Chinese tamarisk that to be the applicant grow into forest by cuttage at heavy saline- alkali area at seashore.This base is positioned at the Haixing County, Hebei province, belongs to the continental monsoon climate in warm temperate zone, 12.1 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, January mean temperature of air-4.6 ℃, the extreme minimum air temperature-19.9 ℃, 217 days frost-free seasons.Year, sunshine duration was 2718.8 hours, and average annual precipitation is 627.9mm, mainly concentrates on July~August, accounts for 74% of annual precipitation.This district belongs to littoral plain, and hypsography low-lying is smooth, and height above sea level 1.3-3.6m, soil are marine solonchak, and soil salt content is heavy saline- alkali area at seashore more than 0.8%.Subterranean water level is shallow, and on average about 1 meter, the degree of mineralization of ground water is high, and salt content is at 7~20gL -1
The method of planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage, its step comprises:
A, consolidation: carry out before entering the winter, excavate the dark drain ditchs of 50cm every 20 meters, the bar field of making length 500m is built around in the bar field and highly is the retaining ridge of 30cm, plowed soils;
B, irrigation with saline water in winter are frozen: 7-15 day in January, when winter daily mean temperature stable when being lower than-5 ℃ the extracting saline groundwater irrigate, irrigate with little water first icing, until the earth's surface form stablize ice sheet after, once fill with the sufficient 180mm water yield, the salt water ice sheet is stablized in the rear formation of pouring water; The irrigation water salt content is 9.6-11.2g/L;
C, plastic mulching: 1-5 day in March, melt fully until salt water ice and to infiltrate behind the soil, in time utilize mulch film to cover, the overlay film width is 90-120cm, suppresses the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in spring to reduce evaporation;
D, plugged ear are processed: 20-28 day in February, before the Chinese tamarisk rudiment, clip 1-2 gives birth to the healthy and strong branch of rugosity 0.8-1.2cm, kind of bar is cut the plugged ear that is truncated into long 15cm, and plugged ear upper end clip flushes, and the lower end is cut and is the shape of a hoof; The plugged ear that shears is by 100 bundlings, and is embedded in the wet sand and stores;
E, cuttage plantation: carrying out the cuttage plantation 10-20 day in March, with clear water plugged ear was soaked 24 hours first before the cuttage, is that No. 1 ABT root-inducing powder liquid of 1g/10kg soaked fringe 4-6 hour with concentration again, and it is plugged ear lower end 10cm that liquid soaks the fringe position; Adopt cuttage plantation on the film, the plugged ear bottom of handling well is punctured mulch film directly insert in the soil, 1-2cm bassets on the plugged ear top after the cuttage; The seeding row spacing of cuttage plantation is: line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 25cm;
F, fertilising: 15-30 day in July, enter rainy season, impose effective content and be 46% urea 10kg/ mu, fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields before adopting rainfall;
G, growing season management: in time manually wipe out and treat insect pests and plant diseases weeds in vegetative period, in time anti-eliminating aphis guarantees the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
The present invention is through the heavy saline- alkali area at seashore experiment and demonstration in 3 years, find Chinese tamarisk cuttage plantation after survival and growth good, biomass is high; Cuttage survival rate reaches 95.7%, and the plant strain growth height reaches 1.2m then; By the present invention, successfully realized that in heavy RS in Alkali Region barren land greening takes effect then then, improved the vegetation coverage of heavy saline, improved ecotope, the present invention has a extensive future.
Foregoing description only proposes as the enforceable technical scheme of the present invention, not as the Single restriction condition to its technical scheme itself.

Claims (5)

1. the method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage, its characterization step comprises:
A, consolidation: before entering the winter, carry out, build the bar field on the ground at coastal saline-alkali, build around in the bar field and highly be the retaining ridge of 30cm, plowed soils;
B, irrigation with saline water in winter freeze: when winter daily mean temperature stable when being lower than-5 ℃ the extracting saline groundwater irrigate, the irrigation water salt content below 15g/L, irrigation quantity 180mm; During concrete operations, irrigate with little water first and freeze, until the earth's surface form stablize ice sheet after, once fill with the sufficient 180mm water yield, the salt water ice sheet is stablized in the rear formation of pouring water;
C, plastic mulching: melt fully until salt water ice and to infiltrate behind the soil early spring, in time utilize mulch film to cover, suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in spring to reduce evaporation;
D, plugged ear process: before the Chinese tamarisk rudiment, clip 1-2 gives birth to the healthy and strong branch of rugosity 0.8-1.2cm, kind of bar is cut the plugged ear that is truncated into long 15cm, and the plugged ear that shears is by 100 bundlings, and is embedded in the wet sand and stores;
E, cuttage plantation: with clear water plugged ear being soaked 24 hours first before the cuttage, is that No. 1 ABT root-inducing powder liquid of 1g/10kg soaked fringe 4-6 hour with concentration again, and it is plugged ear lower end 10cm that liquid soaks the fringe position; Adopt cuttage plantation on the film, the plugged ear bottom of handling well is punctured mulch film directly insert in the soil, 1-2cm bassets on the plugged ear top after the cuttage;
F, fertilising: enter rainy season, impose effective content and be 46% urea 10kg/ mu, fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields before adopting rainfall;
G, growing season management: in time manually wipe out and treat insect pests and plant diseases weeds in vegetative period, in time anti-eliminating aphis guarantees the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
2. the method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the steps A, excavate the dark drain ditch of 50cm, the bar field of making length 500m every 20 meters.
3. the method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the step C, the overlay film width is 90-120cm.
4. the method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step D, plugged ear upper end clip flushes, and the lower end is cut and is the shape of a hoof.
5. the method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step e, the seeding row spacing of cuttage plantation is: line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 25cm.
CN2011102311872A 2011-08-12 2011-08-12 Method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage Active CN102326503B (en)

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