CN104012268B - Arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer - Google Patents

Arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer Download PDF

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CN104012268B
CN104012268B CN201410194667.XA CN201410194667A CN104012268B CN 104012268 B CN104012268 B CN 104012268B CN 201410194667 A CN201410194667 A CN 201410194667A CN 104012268 B CN104012268 B CN 104012268B
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centimetres
cutting
substrate
summer
ramulus
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CN104012268A (en
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李宏
李丕军
王明
郑朝晖
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XINJIANG ACADEMY OF FORESTRY SCIENCE
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Abstract

<b>the present invention relates to hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical field, be a kind of arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer;Carry out in the steps below: the first step, select site;Second step, buys nutrient cup;3rd step, configures substrate;4th step, dress cup is put;5th step, fringe processed;6th step, cutting soaks;7th step, irrigates before inserting;8th step, cuttage;9th step, management;Tenth step, goes out garden。Present invention arid, the cuttage survival rate of semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer and outplanting rate are high, and seedling cost is low;Achieve the purpose of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis summer afforestation district outdoor nursery on the spot, provide nursery stock, solve the summer, autumn anti-season afforestation nursery stock production and supply problem, for utilize summer flooding and slack season in autumn water carry out Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis afforestation and provide seedling guarantee, solve the production and supply of anti-season nursery stock and afforestation problem in reality production of forestry。</b>

Description

Arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer
Technical field
The present invention relates to hardwood cutting and seedling raising technical field, be a kind of arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer。
Background technology
Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis is distributed in NORTHWEST CHINA arid, semiarid region, there is drought resisting, the good characteristic such as sand cold-resistant, high temperature resistant, resistance to buries, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, strong adaptability, it is one of the chief species of arid, semiarid region afforestation, except checking winds and fixing drifting sand, the main host plants plant of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis or sand industry inoculating tube flower herba cistanches, as ornamental plants in garden, can being widely used in forestry and ecological construction, nursery stock demand is big。Under usual manner, the sapling multiplication of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis has cuttage and seminal propagation two ways, and main employing cuttage in spring mode, including field seedling raising and container nursery both of which。But summer (June to August) afforested area outdoor hardwood cutting and seedling raising on the spot is difficult to successfully, analyze reason mainly extremely severe in drought in summer, semiarid region ecological environment, surface layer (0 to 2cm) high temperature (mean temperature >=40 DEG C), arid, dust storm are big, Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis cutting easily inactivates, survival rate is extremely low, in addition plant bar memory technology not pass a test, when the kind bar of conventional storage is to summer, kind bar inactivation, therefore cannot carry out Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor hardwood cutting and seedling raising in summer。Arid, semiarid region real production of forestry in, usual spring (about 20 days time in the beginning of spring) autumn (entering the time in winter about 20 days) two season Afforestation Time only 40 days, the distinguishing feature that the time is short, hydropenia is afforestation;Although and summer, water source in autumn relatively abundant (exist in water deficient regions abundant summer flooding and slack season in autumn water), Afforestation Time length (Afforestation Time can be extended 80 days to 90 days by summer, Reforstation in Autumn), but conventional nursery stock cannot supply (because being trophophase, the meeting dehydration in lifting, allocation and transportation and plantation process of conventional nursery stock is dead), therefore cannot carry out summer, Reforstation in Autumn。
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer, overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, its can effectively solve arid, semiarid region production of forestry in, the summer, autumn routine nursery stock method cannot supply and problem that summer, Reforstation in Autumn cannot be carried out。
The technical scheme is that and realized by following measures: a kind of arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer, carry out in the steps below: the first step, select site, select plot in afforested area on the spot;Second step, buys nutrient cup;3rd step, configures substrate, obtains substrate after together with soil sand, garden mould being mixed with sheep stool;4th step, dress cup is put, and fills substrate, the nutrient cup filling substrate is close to and is placed on the seedbed being arranged on plot, every mu of plot is put 100,000 nutrient cup in each nutrient cup;5th step, fringe processed, the tool great-hearted storage hard branch of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis is cut fringe, spike length is 10 centimetres to 12 centimetres, and rugosity is 0.3 centimetre to 3.5 centimetres, obtains cutting after cutting fringe;6th step, cutting soaks, and is soaked in clear water by the base portion of cutting, soaks 4 hours to 48 hours;7th step, irrigates before inserting, and adopts conventional microspray irrigation that the substrate irrigation water in nutrient cup is watered and irrigates substrate;8th step, cuttage, by little for the cutting the soaked substrate being head-up inserted in nutrient cup, cutting microcephaly exposes 3 centimetres to 4 centimetres of substrate face;9th step, management, the substrate in nutrient cup is watered 1 time by every day, irrigates substrate every time, and dressing fertilizer 1 time weekly when seedling height reaches 5 centimetres, each 2,000 grams/acre to 3,000 grams/acre, dressing fertilizer carries out in conjunction with irrigation;Tenth step, goes out garden, and 50 days to 60 days nursery stocks grow to 20 centimetres and start garden to 25 centimetres。
Further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical scheme are presented herein below:
The specification of above-mentioned nutrient cup is that wide 10 centimetres, bottom width 5 centimetres high 10 centimetres, suitable for reading is to there being 1 to 3 apopore at the bottom of 6 centimetre, glasss。
In above-mentioned substrate, the mass ratio of soil sand, garden mould and sheep stool is 6.5 to 7.5:1.5 to 2.5:0.5 to 1.5。
Above-mentioned garden mould is loam, and sheep stool is the sheep stool of unqualified shape of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and in soil sand, husky weight/mass percentage composition is 80% to 100%。
Above-mentioned seedbed is wide 1.5 meters, and the spacing between adjacent two seedbeds is 0.4 meter to 0.5 meter。
The salinity of above-mentioned irrigation water is less than 3g/L。
The tip of a branch otch of above-mentioned cutting to smooth, nothing splitting;The lower cut-out of cutting to smooth, nothing splitting。
The fertilizer of above-mentioned dressing fertilizer is carbamide。
Above-mentioned plot is that physical features is smooth, the plot of wind sheltering。
Present invention arid, the cuttage survival rate of semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer and outplanting rate are high, and seedling cost is low;Achieve the purpose of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis summer afforestation district outdoor nursery on the spot, provide nursery stock, solve the summer, autumn anti-season afforestation nursery stock production and supply problem, for utilize summer flooding and slack season in autumn water carry out Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis afforestation and provide seedling guarantee, solve the production and supply of anti-season nursery stock and afforestation problem in reality production of forestry。
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention, not by the restriction of following embodiment, can determine specific embodiment according to technical scheme and practical situation。
Embodiment 1, this arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer, carry out in the steps below: the first step, select site, select plot in afforested area on the spot;Second step, buys nutrient cup;3rd step, configures substrate, obtains substrate after together with soil sand, garden mould being mixed with sheep stool;4th step, dress cup is put, and fills substrate, the nutrient cup filling substrate is close to and is placed on the seedbed being arranged on plot, every mu of plot is put 100,000 nutrient cup in each nutrient cup;5th step, fringe processed, the tool great-hearted storage hard branch of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis is cut fringe, spike length is 10 centimetres to 12 centimetres, and rugosity is 0.3 centimetre to 3.5 centimetres, obtains cutting after cutting fringe;6th step, cutting soaks, and is soaked in clear water by the base portion of cutting, soaks 4 hours to 48 hours;7th step, irrigates before inserting, and adopts conventional microspray irrigation that the substrate irrigation water in nutrient cup is watered and irrigates substrate;8th step, cuttage, by little for the cutting the soaked substrate being head-up inserted in nutrient cup, cutting microcephaly exposes 3 centimetres to 4 centimetres of substrate face;9th step, management, the substrate in nutrient cup is watered 1 time by every day, irrigates substrate every time, and dressing fertilizer 1 time weekly when seedling height reaches 5 centimetres, each 2,000 grams/acre to 3,000 grams/acre, dressing fertilizer carries out in conjunction with irrigation;Tenth step, goes out garden, and 50 days to 60 days nursery stocks grow to 20 centimetres and start garden to 25 centimetres。Growing-seedling period of the present invention is 45 days to 55 days。
Embodiment 2, this arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer, carry out in the steps below: the first step, select site, select plot in afforested area on the spot;Second step, buys nutrient cup;3rd step, configures substrate, obtains substrate after together with soil sand, garden mould being mixed with sheep stool;4th step, dress cup is put, and fills substrate, the nutrient cup filling substrate is close to and is placed on the seedbed being arranged on plot, every mu of plot is put 100,000 nutrient cup in each nutrient cup;5th step, fringe processed, the tool great-hearted storage hard branch of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis is cut fringe, spike length is 10 centimetres or 12 centimetres, and rugosity is 0.3 centimetre or 3.5 centimetres, obtains cutting after cutting fringe;6th step, cutting soaks, and is soaked in clear water by the base portion of cutting, soaks 4 hours or 48 hours;7th step, irrigates before inserting, and adopts conventional microspray irrigation that the substrate irrigation water in nutrient cup is watered and irrigates substrate;8th step, cuttage, by little for the cutting the soaked substrate being head-up inserted in nutrient cup, cutting microcephaly exposes 3 centimetres or 4 centimetres of substrate face;9th step, management, the substrate in nutrient cup is watered 1 time by every day, irrigates substrate every time, and dressing fertilizer 1 time weekly when seedling height reaches 5 centimetres, each 2,000 grams/acre or 3,000 grams/acre, dressing fertilizer carries out in conjunction with irrigation;Tenth step, goes out garden, and 50 days or 60 days nursery stocks grow to 20 centimetres or 25 centimetres and start garden。
Embodiment 3, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, the specification of embodiment 3 Middle nutrition cup is that wide 10 centimetres, bottom width 5 centimetres high 10 centimetres, suitable for reading is to there being 1 to 3 apopore at the bottom of 6 centimetre, glasss。
Embodiment 4, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the substrate of embodiment 4, the mass ratio of soil sand, garden mould and sheep stool is 6.5 to 7.5:1.5 to 2.5:0.5 to 1.5。
Embodiment 5, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in embodiment 5, garden mould is loam, and sheep stool is the sheep stool of unqualified shape of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and in soil sand, husky weight/mass percentage composition is 80% to 100%。
Embodiment 6, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in embodiment 6, seedbed is wide 1.5 meters, and the spacing between adjacent two seedbeds is 0.4 meter to 0.5 meter。
Embodiment 7, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in embodiment 7, the salinity of irrigation water is less than 3g/L。
Embodiment 8, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in embodiment 8, the tip of a branch otch of cutting to smooth, nothing cleaves;The lower cut-out of cutting to smooth, nothing splitting。
Embodiment 9, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in embodiment 9, the fertilizer of dressing fertilizer is carbamide。
Embodiment 10, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, the plot of embodiment 10 is that physical features is smooth, the plot of wind sheltering。
The above embodiment of the present invention is arid, the checking of semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container in summer hardwood cutting and seedling raising method test is as follows:
Checking test 1
Place: Kelamayi City agricultural development
Environmental quality: this district belongs to continental arid desert, typical temperate zone weather。Winter severe cold, year, extreme minimum temperature was up to-35.9 DEG C, and maximum depth of frozen ground reaches 1.5 meters to 2.0 meters;Summer high temperature is hot, and year, Extreme Maximum Temperature was up to 42.9 DEG C;Annual precipitation is average out to 105.3 millimeters for many years, are distributed within year, and June to August is slightly many, and winter, without stable accumulated snow, causes soil to freeze erosion serious。Annual potential evaporation amount reaches 3545 millimeters, 180 days to 220 days frost-free period。Spring is windy, the whole year >=number of days of strong breeze is 119.7 days, the number of days of >=strong gale is 45.6 days, is one of the wind district of the Junggar Basin, and hazards of sand storms is serious。
Time: in July, 2012
Sanitary landifll, at western Xinjiang oasis ecology Development Co., Ltd physical features selected around wind sheltering ground smooth, well-drained, area 1 mu;
Buy nutrient cup 100,000, high 10 centimetres, suitable for reading wide 10 centimetres, bottom width 5 centimetres to 6 centimetres, there are 3 apopores at the bottom of cup;
Configuration substrate, husky by soil: garden mould: sheep stool is 7:2:1 configuration, totally 60 side, and in soil sand, husky weight/mass percentage composition is 80% to 100%, and garden mould is loam, and sheep stool is the unqualified shape that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and fully mixes;
Dress cup is put, and nutrient cup is filled substrate, is placed on seedbed jam-packed, 100,000 glasss every mu, and seedbed is wide 1.5 meters, long 40 meters, seedbed spacing 0.4 meter;
Fringe processed, stores great-hearted hard branch and cuts fringe, spike length 10 centimetres to 12 centimetres, rugosity 0.3 centimetre to 3.5 centimetres freezer, and on cutting, lower cut smooths, nothing cleaves;
Cutting soaks, and is soaked in clear water by the cutting cut 4 hours to 24 hours;
Irrigating before inserting, adopt conventional microspray irrigation to water, water uniformly, irrigation water is from river, and salinity, less than 1g/L, irrigates substrate before cuttage;
Cuttage, cuttage immediately after irrigation, cutting is little head-up, 1, every cave, and cutting exposes 3 centimetres to 4 centimetres of substrate face;
Management, fill after cuttage permeable 1 time, water every day afterwards 1 time, within after 15 days 1 day to 2 days, water 1 time (see dry see wet), water permeable every time;Impose weekly carbamide when seedling height reaches 5 centimetres 1 time, each 3,000 grams/acre, topdress and carry out in conjunction with irrigation;
Go out garden, 50 days seedling growths to 20 centimetres, start garden, output of seedling 8.2 ten thousand strain。
Checking test 2
Place: Hami Ya Kesi copper nickel district
Environmental quality: mining area is low mountain zone, absolute elevation about about 1000 meters, long-term weathering stripping is lit up, relative relief 10 meters to 50 meters。Belong to typical continental climate, dry and rainless, without perennially current, annual precipitation 33.9 millimeters, year evaporation capacity 3222.3 millimeters。Long-term many northwester, general 5 grades to 6 grades of wind-force。Annual October first arrival is ice period at the beginning of 4 months next year。January, temperature-2 DEG C to-25 DEG C, in general 30 DEG C to 40 DEG C of July, was up to 50 DEG C by minimum-31.9 DEG C, and day and night temperature is up to 30 DEG C。
Time: in June, 2013
Sanitary landifll, in Ya Kesi copper nickel production operation district, selects physical features depression smooth, leeward, and area is 0.5 mu;
Buy nutrient cup 50,000, high 10 centimetres, suitable for reading wide 10 centimetres, bottom width 5 centimetres to 6 centimetres, there are 3 apopores at the bottom of cup;
Configuration substrate, husky by soil: garden mould: sheep stool is 7:2:1 configuration, totally 30 side, and in soil sand, husky weight/mass percentage composition is 80% to 100%, and garden mould is loam, and sheep stool is the unqualified shape that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and fully mixes;
Dress cup is put, and nutrient cup is filled substrate, is placed on seedbed jam-packed, and seedbed is wide 1.5 meters, long 20 meters, seedbed spacing 0.4 meter;
Fringe processed, stores great-hearted hard branch and cuts fringe, spike length 10 centimetres to 12 centimetres, rugosity 0.3 centimetre to 3.5 centimetres freezer, and on cutting, lower cut smooths, nothing cleaves;
Cutting soaks, and is soaked in clear water by the cutting cut 4 hours to 24 hours;
Irrigating before inserting, adopt conventional microspray irrigation to water, water uniformly, irrigation water is tap water, and salinity, less than 0.5g/L, irrigates substrate before cuttage;
Cuttage, cuttage immediately after irrigation, cutting is little head-up, 1, every cave, and cutting exposes 3 centimetres to 4 centimetres of substrate face;
Management, fill after cuttage permeable 1 time, water every day afterwards 1 time, within after 15 days 1 day to 2 days, water 1 time (see dry see wet), water permeable every time;Impose weekly carbamide when seedling height reaches 5 centimetres 1 time, each 3,000 grams/acre, topdress and carry out in conjunction with irrigation;
Go out garden, 50 days seedling growths to 20 centimetres, start garden, output of seedling 40,000 strain。
By verifying test 1 and checking test 2, carry out Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis container hardwood cutting and seedling raising afforested area, two typical arid deserts, Xinjiang in summer is outdoor on the spot, cuttage survival rate and outplanting rate all reach 80%, illustrate that present invention arid, the cuttage survival rate of semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer and outplanting rate are high, seedling cost is only the 1/3 to 2/3 of existing seedling cost simultaneously, greatly reduces seedling cost。
In sum, present invention arid, the cuttage survival rate of semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer and outplanting rate are high, and seedling cost is low;Achieve the purpose of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis summer afforestation district outdoor nursery on the spot, provide nursery stock, solve the summer, autumn anti-season afforestation nursery stock production and supply problem, for utilize summer flooding and slack season in autumn water carry out Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis afforestation and provide seedling guarantee, solve the production and supply of anti-season nursery stock and afforestation problem in reality production of forestry。
Above technical characteristic constitutes embodiments of the invention, and it has stronger adaptability and implementation result, can increase and decrease non-essential technical characteristic according to actual needs, meet the demand of different situations。

Claims (1)

1. an arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below: the first step, selects site, selects plot in afforested area on the spot;Second step, buys nutrient cup;3rd step, configures substrate, obtains substrate after together with soil sand, garden mould being mixed with sheep stool;4th step, dress cup is put, and fills substrate, the nutrient cup filling substrate is close to and is placed on the seedbed being arranged on plot, every mu of plot is put 100,000 nutrient cup in each nutrient cup;5th step, fringe processed, the tool great-hearted storage hard branch of Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis is cut fringe, spike length is 10 centimetres to 12 centimetres, and rugosity is 0.3 centimetre to 3.5 centimetres, obtains cutting after cutting fringe;6th step, cutting soaks, and is soaked in clear water by the base portion of cutting, soaks 4 hours to 48 hours;7th step, irrigates before inserting, and adopts conventional microspray irrigation that the substrate irrigation water in nutrient cup is watered and irrigates substrate;8th step, cuttage, by little for the cutting the soaked substrate being head-up inserted in nutrient cup, cutting microcephaly exposes 3 centimetres to 4 centimetres of substrate face;9th step, management, the substrate in nutrient cup is watered 1 time by every day, irrigates substrate every time, and dressing fertilizer 1 time weekly when seedling height reaches 5 centimetres, each 2,000 grams/acre to 3,000 grams/acre, dressing fertilizer carries out in conjunction with irrigation;Tenth step, goes out garden, and 50 days to 60 days nursery stocks grow to 20 centimetres and start garden to 25 centimetres;Wherein: the specification of nutrient cup is that wide 10 centimetres, bottom width 5 centimetres high 10 centimetres, suitable for reading is to there being 1 to 3 apopore at the bottom of 6 centimetre, glasss;In substrate, the mass ratio of soil sand, garden mould and sheep stool is 6.5 to 7.5:1.5 to 2.5:0.5 to 1.5;Garden mould is loam, and sheep stool is the sheep stool of unqualified shape of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and in soil sand, husky weight/mass percentage composition is 80% to 100%;Seedbed is wide 1.5 meters, and the spacing between adjacent two seedbeds is 0.4 meter to 0.5 meter;The salinity of irrigation water is less than 3g/L;The tip of a branch otch of cutting to smooth, nothing splitting;The lower cut-out of cutting to smooth, nothing splitting;The fertilizer of dressing fertilizer is carbamide;Plot is that physical features is smooth, the plot of wind sheltering。
CN201410194667.XA 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 Arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer Expired - Fee Related CN104012268B (en)

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CN111788948A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-10-20 新疆林业科学院 Method for raising seedlings of Xinjiang big-fruit narrow-leaved oleaster in saline-alkali soil by cutting in nutrient cup

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