CN102326503A - Method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage - Google Patents

Method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage Download PDF

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CN102326503A
CN102326503A CN201110231187A CN201110231187A CN102326503A CN 102326503 A CN102326503 A CN 102326503A CN 201110231187 A CN201110231187 A CN 201110231187A CN 201110231187 A CN201110231187 A CN 201110231187A CN 102326503 A CN102326503 A CN 102326503A
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cuttage
chinese tamarisk
saline
forest
fringe
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CN102326503B (en
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张秀梅
刘小京
崔鑫晶
孙秀芳
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Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
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Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage. The method comprises the following steps of: A, carrying out land preparation, building bench borders; B, irrigating with saline water in winter and freezing; C, mulching film; D, preparing cutting wood; E, carrying out cuttage and planting; F, fertilizing; and G, carrying out growth period management. In the invention, through taking a series of measures such as land preparation, freezing and irrigating with the saline water in winter, melting and showering with the saline water in spring, film mulching for reducing soil and retaining water and the like, Chinese tamarisk forest can be planted in the littoral saline-alkali land by a direct cuttage method, good effect is realized in the same year when afforestation is carried out in high saline-alkali land, vegetation coverage rate of the high saline-alkali land is improved, ecological environment is improved, and the method disclosed by the invention has a wide application prospect.

Description

The method that the strand direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest
Technical field
The present invention relates to water resource utilization and soil melioration technical field, the method for especially growing into forest in the direct cuttage of beach saline land Chinese tamarisk.
Background technology
The soil alkaline arid is the principal element of restriction agricultural development, and traditional alkaline land improving mainly is the filling row measure realization of drenching salt, extracting underground water, lowering of watertable through fresh water.Because freshwater resources are deficient, the application of this measure is restricted.Particularly littoral in the Bohai Sea, more than 2,000 ten thousand mu coastal saline-alkali soil is difficult to utilize owing to lacking fresh water, and crop is difficult to growth.Yet, though the coastal region freshwater resources are deficient, the salt water aboundresources.
Patent formerly " utilizing the method in bitter natural freezing improvement the saline land " (patent No.: 200510012450.3),, invented and utilized the icing method of irrigating the improvement saline land of salt water a kind of winter referring to the applicant according to the resources characteristic of coastal region; Promptly utilize the salt water freeze thawing degree of saltiness separated form water principle of freezing; Utilize natural cooling source in the winter time, utilize salt water to irrigate, irrigate the back and form ice sheet at upper soll layer; Because the melting point of different salinity salt water ice is different; Spring, the salt water of high concentration thawing earlier infiltrated earlier, brackish water the infiltrating until fresh water of melting afterwards along with temperature raises; Surface soil salinity there is a leaching, reaches the purpose of upper soll layer desalination.But above-mentioned research does not provide the concrete operation method of the specific crop of plantation, because different plant habit is different, still need on the basis of above-mentioned technology, explore the concrete plantation scheme that is suitable for Different Crop through a large amount of tests.
Chinese tamarisk is the important greening pioneer tree species in the saline and alkaline area of China, belongs to the perennial salt halophytes that secretes, and has extremely strong salt tolerant, drought resistance, has large tracts of land to distribute in saline and alkaline arid area.The breeding of Chinese tamarisk is generally the seed breeding of growing directly from seeds naturally, and reproduction speed is slower, in recent years, is fast breeding Chinese tamarisk nursery stock, has adopted kind bar cottage propagation.Though Chinese tamarisk is a halophytes, the cuttage and seedling culture phase is relatively more responsive to salinity, the geavy salt alkali district in the strand; Soil salt content in spring high (more than 2%); Subterranean water level is shallow, salinity is high, and the Chinese tamarisk cuttage is difficult to into alive, therefore; Spring, geavy salt alkali district created suitable soil moisture and low-salt environment in the strand, was the key that guarantees Chinese tamarisk cutting survival and growth.This patent has been invented the method for growing into forest in the direct cuttage of beach saline land Chinese tamarisk on the basis of a large amount of tests.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of method that the direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest in the strand; Through consolidation, the icing irrigation of salt water in winter; Spring salt water ice melt dash drench, plastic mulching presses down a series of measures such as salt soil moisture conservation; Reduce the salt content of Chinese tamarisk root layer soil, guarantee the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention taked is following.
The method that the strand direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest, its step comprises:
A, consolidation: before going into the winter, carry out, build the bar field on the ground, build around in the bar field and highly be the retaining ridge of 30cm, plowed soils at coastal saline-alkali;
B, irrigation with saline water in winter freeze: when winter daily mean temperature stable when being lower than-5 ℃ the extracting saline groundwater irrigate, the irrigation water salt content below 15g/L, irrigation quantity 180mm;
C, plastic mulching: treat that salt water ice melts fully to infiltrate behind the soil early spring, in time utilize mulch film to cover, suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in spring to reduce evaporation;
D, insert fringe and handle: before the Chinese tamarisk rudiment, clip 1-2 gives birth to the healthy and strong branch of rugosity 0.8-1.2cm, and kind of bar is cut the slotting fringe that is truncated into long 15cm, and the slotting fringe that shears is by 100 bundlings, and is embedded in the wet sand and stores;
E, cuttage plantation: will insert fringe with clear water earlier before the cuttage and soak 24 hours, and use concentration to soak fringe 4-6 hour as No. 1 ABT root-inducing powder soup of 1g/10kg again, soup soaks the fringe position for inserting fringe lower end 10cm; Adopt cuttage plantation on the film, the slotting fringe bottom of handling well is punctured mulch film directly insert in the soil, insert the fringe top 1-2cm that bassets after the cuttage;
F, fertilising: get into rainy season, impose effective content and be 46% urea 10kg/ mu, fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields before adopting rainfall;
G, growing season management: weeds are wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases in timely manual work in vegetative period, and in time anti-eliminating aphis guarantees the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, in the steps A, whenever excavate the dark drain ditch of 50cm, the bar field of making length 500m at a distance from 20 meters.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step B, irrigate earlier and freeze with little water, treat the face of land form stablize ice sheet after, once irritate the sufficient 180mm water yield, the salt water ice sheet is stablized in formation after pouring water.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step C, the overlay film width is 90-120cm.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, among the step D, to insert fringe upper end clip and flush, the lower end is cut and is the shape of a hoof.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of the present invention, in the step e, the seeding row spacing of cuttage plantation is: line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 25cm.
Adopt the beneficial effect that technique scheme produced to be:
Though Chinese tamarisk is a halophytes, the cuttage and seedling culture phase is relatively more responsive to salinity, the geavy salt alkali district in the strand; Soil salt content in spring high (more than 2%); Subterranean water level is shallow, salinity is high, and the Chinese tamarisk cuttage is difficult to into alive, therefore; Spring, geavy salt alkali district created suitable soil moisture and low-salt environment in the strand, was the key that guarantees Chinese tamarisk cutting survival and growth; Plastic mulching measure in spring of the present invention has suppressed water evaporates, has reduced upwards migration of soil salt; Has the effect that presses down the salt soil moisture conservation; Improved the saline land, guaranteed the cutting survival and the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk branch, realized growing into forest in the direct cuttage of beach saline land Chinese tamarisk;
The present invention is through consolidation, the icing irrigation of salt water in winter; Spring salt water ice melt dash drench, plastic mulching presses down a series of measures such as salt soil moisture conservation; Chinese tamarisk cuttage soil salt content planting season is reduced to below 0.4%; Soil moisture content reaches more than 26%, thereby the cuttage that has guaranteed Chinese tamarisk plants alive and normal growth, has realized that geavy salt alkali district, strand improves greening then then; The present invention is simple to operate, and cost is low, is adapted at geavy salt alkali district, strand and uses, and improves having important practical significance for coastal saline-alkali district vegetation Fast Reconstruction, ecotope;
Heavy saline land, the strand in 3 years production test shows, the well-grown that becomes to live after the Chinese tamarisk cuttage plantation, and biomass is high; Cuttage survival rate reaches 95.7%, and the plant strain growth height reaches 1.2m then; Through the present invention, successfully barren land has realized that greening takes effect then then in geavy salt alkali district, has improved the vegetation coverage in heavy saline land, has improved ecotope, and the present invention has a extensive future.
Embodiment
Following examples have specified the present invention.Various raw material used in the present invention and items of equipment are conventional commercially available prod, all can buy directly through market to obtain.
Embodiment 1
Be the application example that applicant's method that grow into forest through direct cuttage in heavy saline land in the strand is planted Chinese tamarisk below.This base is positioned at the Haixing County, Hebei province, belongs to the continental monsoon climate in warm temperate zone, 12.1 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, January mean temperature of air-4.6 ℃, the extreme minimum air temperature-19.9 ℃, 217 days frost-free seasons.Year, sunshine duration was 2718.8 hours, and average annual precipitation is 627.9mm, mainly concentrates on July~August, accounts for 74% of annual precipitation.This district belongs to littoral plain, and hypsography low-lying is smooth, and height above sea level 1.3-3.6m, soil are marine solonchak, and soil salt content is heavy saline land, strand more than 0.8%.Subterranean water level is shallow, and on average about 1 meter, the degree of mineralization of ground water is high, and salt content is at 7~20gL -1
The method that the strand direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest, its step comprises:
A, consolidation: before going into the winter, carry out, every excavate the dark drain ditchs of 50cm at a distance from 20 meters, the bar field of making length 500m is built all around in the bar field and highly to be the retaining ridge of 30cm, plowed soils;
B, irrigation with saline water in winter are frozen: 7-15 day in January; When winter daily mean temperature stable when being lower than-5 ℃ the extracting saline groundwater irrigate, irrigate with little water earlier icing, treat the face of land form stablize ice sheet after; Once irritate the sufficient 180mm water yield, the back of pouring water forms stablizes the salt water ice sheet; The irrigation water salt content is 9.6-11.2g/L;
C, plastic mulching: 1-5 day in March, treat that salt water ice melts fully to infiltrate behind the soil that in time utilize mulch film to cover, the overlay film width is 90-120cm, suppresses the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in spring to reduce evaporation;
D, slotting fringe are handled: 20-28 day in February, before the Chinese tamarisk rudiment, clip 1-2 gives birth to the healthy and strong branch of rugosity 0.8-1.2cm, and kind of bar is cut the slotting fringe that is truncated into long 15cm, inserts fringe upper end clip and flushes, and the lower end is cut and is the shape of a hoof; The slotting fringe that shears is by 100 bundlings, and is embedded in the wet sand and stores;
E, cuttage plantation: carry out the cuttage plantation 10-20 day in March, will insert fringe with clear water earlier before the cuttage and soak 24 hours, use concentration to soak fringe 4-6 hour as No. 1 ABT root-inducing powder soup of 1g/10kg again, soup soaks the fringe position for inserting fringe lower end 10cm; Adopt cuttage plantation on the film, the slotting fringe bottom of handling well is punctured mulch film directly insert in the soil, insert the fringe top 1-2cm that bassets after the cuttage; The seeding row spacing of cuttage plantation is: line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 25cm;
F, fertilising: 15-30 day in July, get into rainy season, impose effective content and be 46% urea 10kg/ mu, fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields before adopting rainfall;
G, growing season management: weeds are wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases in timely manual work in vegetative period, and in time anti-eliminating aphis guarantees the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
The present invention weighs the saline land experiment and demonstration through the strand in 3 years, finds that Chinese tamarisk cuttage plantation back becomes well-grown alive, and biomass is high; Cuttage survival rate reaches 95.7%, and the plant strain growth height reaches 1.2m then; Through the present invention, successfully barren land has realized that greening takes effect then then in geavy salt alkali district, has improved the vegetation coverage in heavy saline land, has improved ecotope, and the present invention has a extensive future.
Foregoing description only proposes as the enforceable technical scheme of the present invention, not as the single restrictive condition to its technical scheme itself.

Claims (6)

1. the strand weighs the method that the direct cuttage of saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest, and its characterization step comprises:
A, consolidation: before going into the winter, carry out, build the bar field on the ground, build around in the bar field and highly be the retaining ridge of 30cm, plowed soils at coastal saline-alkali;
B, irrigation with saline water in winter freeze: when winter daily mean temperature stable when being lower than-5 ℃ the extracting saline groundwater irrigate, the irrigation water salt content below 15g/L, irrigation quantity 180mm;
C, plastic mulching: treat that salt water ice melts fully to infiltrate behind the soil early spring, in time utilize mulch film to cover, suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in spring to reduce evaporation;
D, insert fringe and handle: before the Chinese tamarisk rudiment, clip 1-2 gives birth to the healthy and strong branch of rugosity 0.8-1.2cm, and kind of bar is cut the slotting fringe that is truncated into long 15cm, and the slotting fringe that shears is by 100 bundlings, and is embedded in the wet sand and stores;
E, cuttage plantation: will insert fringe with clear water earlier before the cuttage and soak 24 hours, and use concentration to soak fringe 4-6 hour as No. 1 ABT root-inducing powder soup of 1g/10kg again, soup soaks the fringe position for inserting fringe lower end 10cm; Adopt cuttage plantation on the film, the slotting fringe bottom of handling well is punctured mulch film directly insert in the soil, insert the fringe top 1-2cm that bassets after the cuttage;
F, fertilising: get into rainy season, impose effective content and be 46% urea 10kg/ mu, fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields before adopting rainfall;
G, growing season management: weeds are wiped out and treated insect pests and plant diseases in timely manual work in vegetative period, and in time anti-eliminating aphis guarantees the normal growth of Chinese tamarisk.
2. the method that the strand according to claim 1 direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest is characterized in that: in the steps A, whenever excavate the dark drain ditch of 50cm, the bar field of making length 500m at a distance from 20 meters.
3. the method that the strand according to claim 1 direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest is characterized in that: among the step B, irrigate with little water earlier and freeze, treat the face of land form stablize ice sheet after, once irritate the sufficient 180mm water yield, the salt water ice sheet is stablized in formation after pouring water.
4. the method that the strand according to claim 1 direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest, it is characterized in that: among the step C, the overlay film width is 90-120cm.
5. the method that the strand according to claim 1 direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest is characterized in that: among the step D, insert fringe upper end clip and flush, the lower end is cut and is the shape of a hoof.
6. the method that the strand according to claim 1 direct cuttage of heavy saline land Chinese tamarisk is grown into forest is characterized in that: in the step e, the seeding row spacing of cuttage plantation is: line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 25cm.
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CN104012268A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-09-03 新疆林业科学院 Hard-branch cutting seedling raising method for Chinese tamarisk of arid and semi-arid areas in outdoor containers in summer
CN104396494A (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-03-11 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 Method for greening original soil of heavy saline-alkali land
CN104718834A (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-24 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 Cutting planting technology for tamarix chinensis in dredger fill original soil area
CN104876720A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-09-02 潍坊友容实业有限公司 High-zinc saline-alkali soil slow release fertilizer and application of high-zinc saline-alkali soil slow release fertilizer in planting of tamarix leptostachys
CN105027951A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-11 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 Method for culturing cacti on saline-alkali soil
CN105103699A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-02 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 Method for improving severe saline-alkali land
CN105594445A (en) * 2016-02-25 2016-05-25 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 Low-cost greening method for coastal hydraulic reclamation high-saline-and-alkaline exposed field
CN107548941A (en) * 2017-09-15 2018-01-09 甘肃省治沙研究所 The raw Chinese tamarisk hardwood cutting and seedling raising method of one planting sand
CN107567842A (en) * 2017-09-15 2018-01-12 甘肃省治沙研究所 The raw quick root promoting method of Chinese tamarisk cuttings of one planting sand
CN107646229A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-02-02 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 A kind of technical method of strand hydraulic reclamation open ground soil quick desalination
CN107980268A (en) * 2018-01-08 2018-05-04 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 It is a kind of to utilize the method for making recovery degeneration saline-alkali wetland between Chinese tamarisk and Suaeda heteroptera
CN108076713A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-05-29 北京师范大学 Alkali method drops in a kind of salinized soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
CN108419551A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-08-21 江苏省林业科学研究院 A kind of arbor willow crop field simple cuttage method for culturing seedlings
CN108575499A (en) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-28 铜仁学院 A method of promoting heavy saline Chinese tamarisk fast-growth
CN108811581A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-16 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A method of improvement heavy saline-alkali area at seashore
CN108848733A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-23 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A method of improvement heavy saline-alkali area at seashore
CN109463268A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-03-15 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 A kind of turf Cranberry quick planting and establishing method
CN110447501A (en) * 2019-09-25 2019-11-15 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A kind of method that Chinese tamarisk seedlings after budding are transplanted using salt water in salt-soda soil

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CN104718834A (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-24 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 Cutting planting technology for tamarix chinensis in dredger fill original soil area
CN104012268B (en) * 2014-05-09 2016-06-22 新疆林业科学院 Arid, semiarid region Ramulus et Folium Tamaricis outdoor container hardwood cutting and seedling raising method in summer
CN104012268A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-09-03 新疆林业科学院 Hard-branch cutting seedling raising method for Chinese tamarisk of arid and semi-arid areas in outdoor containers in summer
CN104396494A (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-03-11 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 Method for greening original soil of heavy saline-alkali land
CN104876720A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-09-02 潍坊友容实业有限公司 High-zinc saline-alkali soil slow release fertilizer and application of high-zinc saline-alkali soil slow release fertilizer in planting of tamarix leptostachys
CN105027951A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-11 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 Method for culturing cacti on saline-alkali soil
CN105103699A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-02 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 Method for improving severe saline-alkali land
CN105594445B (en) * 2016-02-25 2018-07-31 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 A kind of greening method of strand hydraulic reclamation geavy salt alkali open ground low cost
CN105594445A (en) * 2016-02-25 2016-05-25 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 Low-cost greening method for coastal hydraulic reclamation high-saline-and-alkaline exposed field
CN107548941A (en) * 2017-09-15 2018-01-09 甘肃省治沙研究所 The raw Chinese tamarisk hardwood cutting and seedling raising method of one planting sand
CN107567842A (en) * 2017-09-15 2018-01-12 甘肃省治沙研究所 The raw quick root promoting method of Chinese tamarisk cuttings of one planting sand
CN107646229A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-02-02 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 A kind of technical method of strand hydraulic reclamation open ground soil quick desalination
CN108076713A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-05-29 北京师范大学 Alkali method drops in a kind of salinized soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
CN107980268A (en) * 2018-01-08 2018-05-04 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 It is a kind of to utilize the method for making recovery degeneration saline-alkali wetland between Chinese tamarisk and Suaeda heteroptera
CN108419551A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-08-21 江苏省林业科学研究院 A kind of arbor willow crop field simple cuttage method for culturing seedlings
CN108575499A (en) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-28 铜仁学院 A method of promoting heavy saline Chinese tamarisk fast-growth
CN108811581A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-16 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A method of improvement heavy saline-alkali area at seashore
CN108848733A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-23 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A method of improvement heavy saline-alkali area at seashore
CN109463268A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-03-15 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 A kind of turf Cranberry quick planting and establishing method
CN109463268B (en) * 2018-11-23 2021-04-23 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Quick planting method for cranberries in peat field
CN110447501A (en) * 2019-09-25 2019-11-15 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A kind of method that Chinese tamarisk seedlings after budding are transplanted using salt water in salt-soda soil
CN110447501B (en) * 2019-09-25 2021-11-30 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 Method for transplanting budded tamarix chinensis big seedlings in saline-alkali soil by using saline water

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