CN110447501A - A kind of method that Chinese tamarisk seedlings after budding are transplanted using salt water in salt-soda soil - Google Patents
A kind of method that Chinese tamarisk seedlings after budding are transplanted using salt water in salt-soda soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110447501A CN110447501A CN201910908725.3A CN201910908725A CN110447501A CN 110447501 A CN110447501 A CN 110447501A CN 201910908725 A CN201910908725 A CN 201910908725A CN 110447501 A CN110447501 A CN 110447501A
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- chinese tamarisk
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that salt-soda soil utilizes Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, this method is to excavate Chinese tamarisk seedlings, retains thick root, and the whole branches and leaves sprouted on trimming seedlings top and trunk obtain trunk, seedlings root system direction is consistent, binding；The seedlings bundled are soaked in the salt water of planting point, 24 ~ 72 h are impregnated；Tree well is dug, phosphoric acid diamines is spread fertilizer over the fields in each tree well bottom, and each tree well transplants the sapling after one plant of immersion；The salt water of planting point is poured after plant；Entire tree well surface is covered into mulch, the mulch at tree well edge is compacted with soil, final grouting is carried out according to soil moisture content.Method provided by the invention can not only break the season limitation of Chinese tamarisk tree transplanted, also the usage amount of fresh water can be significantly reduced, the cost of saline land greening is reduced, and the transplanting survival rate of Chinese tamarisk seedlings can be significantly improved, this has important meaning to beach saline land original soil Vegetation Construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to salt-soda soil plant transplantations to build woods technical field, and in particular to a kind of salt-soda soil is transplanted out using salt water
The method of Chinese tamarisk seedlings after bud.
Background technique
Chinese Chinese tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis) it is the common indigenous plant of beach saline land, it is salt tolerant, drought-enduring, resistance to
Water logging can adapt to natural environment harsh in heavy saline-alkali area at seashore, therefore be largely used to beach saline land Vegetation Construction and garden
Woods afforestation project.In recent years, it is excellent using the wild variation individual plant selection of Chinese Chinese tamarisk to go out multiple landscape effects by scientific research personnel
The Chinese Chinese tamarisk new varieties of afforestation, such as " extra large Gui 1 ", " salt pine " etc., and (salt content is higher than 8 g in heavy saline
kg-1) large-scale promotion in greening.
Currently, to improve planting survival rate, row those skilled in the art mostly use greatly the method for Chinese tamarisk tree transplanted in geavy salt
Alkali is afforested on the ground and greening.Under normal circumstances, the sprout time of Chinese tamarisk is by the end of March at the beginning of 4 months, and the transplanting time of Chinese tamarisk is usual
Yu Sanyue is selected, this is because Chinese tamarisk has germinateed since April, the root system of Chinese tamarisk seedlings cannot be provided enough after transplanting
Moisture will lead to the reduction of its survival rate.So the transplanting time of Chinese tamarisk seedlings is confined to March more.In addition, at present under technology
It needs to pour survival rate of a large amount of fresh water to guarantee Chinese tamarisk after Chinese tamarisk transplanting, but beach saline land freshwater resources lack, and the spring
Season and rainfall in early summer amount are few, and the cost for pouring fresh water becomes one of the prime cost of saline-alkali soil forestation.As it can be seen that current Chinese tamarisk seedlings
The technical problem of following three aspects is primarily present in transplanting: 1, transplanting season is short, limits Chinese tamarisk transplanting quantity and builds woods face
Product；2, transplanting survival rate is low；3, freshwater resources needed for pouring after transplanting lack, and transplant at high cost.These are to restrict heavy saline
The principal element of Chinese tamarisk tree transplanted afforestation.Therefore, if the method for transplanting of new Chinese tamarisk seedlings can be developed in industry, and
It can reduce the usage amount of fresh water, reduce saline land greening cost, improve transplanting survival rate, break transplanting season limit, this is right
Beach saline land original soil Vegetation Construction has very important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of salt-soda soils using the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, existing to solve
There is the problem that technology tree transplanted existing transplanting season is limited, survival rate is low, transplanting is at high cost.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of salt-soda soil utilizes Chinese tamarisk after salt water transplanting budding
The method of seedlings, comprising the following steps:
(a) Chinese tamarisk seedlings are excavated, the thick root of 30 cm or more of at least two, the branch sprouted on trimming seedlings top and trunk are retained
Leaf obtains the seedlings trunk of 1m long；
(b) seedlings are transported in 24 hours to salt-soda soil planting point, take the salt water of planting point, seedlings is soaked in salt water,
Impregnate 24 ~ 72 h；The salt content of the salt water is 10 ~ 15 g L-1, the temperature of the salt water is 14 ~ 18 DEG C；
(c) tree well is dug, 45 ~ 55 g of phosphoric acid diamines is spread fertilizer over the fields in each tree well bottom, and each tree well transplants the seedlings after one plant of immersion；
(d) salt water for extracting planting point waters to the seedlings after plant, and 20 ~ 30 L/ plants of irrigation amount；The salt water salt content is less than
15 g L-1；
(e) entire tree well surface is covered into mulch, mulch middle opening, Chinese tamarisk seedlings stretch out mulch, with soil by tree well edge
Mulch compacting.
Step (a) is consistent by the seedlings trunk root system direction of 1m long, alignment, and every 10 plants are bundled for a bundle.
Seedlings, which are soaked in, in step (b) refers to side by side to stack bundled seedlings in salt water and is soaked in salt water, and sapling is complete
Portion is not in the salt water.
The diameter of each tree well of step (c) is 50-60cm, depth 60-80cm.
When step (c) transplants seedlings landfill tree well, it is more than original soil covering before Chinese tamarisk seedlings trunk is transplanted that soil, which covers surface layer,
4-6cm is printed, soil is buried and treads above rear tree well that there are pour water storage space.
The salt water of step (d) planting point refers to the salt water extracted from the irrigation canals and ditches, swag or underground of planting point.
After step (e) overlay film, tree well Surfaces soil water content is detected when transplanting 2 weeks, if water content is lower than 25%, again
Pour 15 ~ 20 L/ plants of the salt water.
The present invention provides salt-soda soils using the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, and this method passes through lifting, repairs
It cuts, impregnate salt water, plant, salt water pouring, overlay film and the pouring of secondary salt water, be especially soaked in the seedlings trimmed specific
At a temperature of salt water certain time, improve the transplanting survival rate of Chinese tamarisk seedlings after germination, and can be directly using local abundant
Salt water poured, this can not only break the season limit of Chinese tamarisk tree transplanted, can also significantly reduce the use of fresh water
Amount, reduces the cost of saline land greening, and significantly improves the survival rate of Chinese tamarisk seedlings after transplanting, this is to beach saline land original
Native Vegetation Construction has important meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the state diagram of the seedlings immersion salt water after binding.
Fig. 2 is the position view of tree well and seedlings after plant.
Fig. 3 is state diagram of the Chinese tamarisk tree transplanted after cell.
Fig. 4 is the long statistical result of bud of the Chinese tamarisk seedlings under different disposal.
Fig. 5 is bud quantity statistics result of the Chinese tamarisk seedlings under different disposal.
Fig. 6 is survival rate statistical result of the Chinese tamarisk seedlings under different disposal when transplanting 20 days and 50 days.
Fig. 7 is terminal bud height statistical result of the Chinese tamarisk seedlings under different disposal when transplanting 20 days and 50 days.
Fig. 8 is extra large Gui 1 germination characteristics state diagram after transplanting under different disposal when transplanting 50 days.
Fig. 9 is extra large Gui 1 upgrowth situation figure after transplanting under different disposal when transplanting 50 days.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment below facilitates a better understanding of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experiment in following embodiments
Method, unless otherwise specified, experimental material used in embodiment, apparatus etc. are unless otherwise specified this field routine device
Part commercially obtains.
Embodiment 1
Test site: being located at Hebei province, small mountain area, Haixing County, and soil is strand salination moisture soil, and soil salt content is 8.6 g
kg-1, soil water content 22%.
Test variety: Chinese tamarisk seedlings are cutting propagation in 2015, and kind is heavy foliage Chinese tamarisk " extra large Gui 1 ", 4 ~ 5 cm of ground diameter.
Test method:
(1) lifting and repair seedling: on April 20th, 2019 hand digging Chinese tamarisk sapling, young leaves 8 ~ 15cm of length leaves and takes 2 when taking
The thick root of 30 cm long, the longer thick root of reservation can increase the moisture storage capacity of Chinese tamarisk seedlings itself, conducive to surviving；Cut off 1 m or more
Part, and cut off the whole branches and leaves sprouted on trunk, seedlings root direction be aligned, every 10 plants are bundled for a bundle,
In order to impregnate；
(2) salt water impregnates: the seedlings bundled being transported to planting point within one day, excavates heatable adobe sleeping platform on the spot and plastics film water is arranged
The saline groundwater of extraction is placed in pond (if local have ready-made irrigation canals and ditches, swag directly to utilize), by what is bundled by pond
Seedlings are immersed in salt water pond, and the saliferous for detecting salt water in pond is 12.45 g L-1, temperature is 16.5 DEG C.Ordinary circumstance
Under, the salt content of salt water is 10 ~ 15 g L-1, salt content it is excessively high and it is too low be all unfavorable for surviving for Chinese tamarisk, salt content is too low
It is easy after budding so that blade is drained, and the excessively high sprouting that will limit Chinese tamarisk sprouting of salt content；The temperature of salt water is not generally high
It is spent in 18 DEG C, temperature excessively high will cause grows algae, be unfavorable for surviving on trunk；Chinese tamarisk seedlings are all soaked in when immersion salty
It is optimum state in water；
Test is divided into 3 processing groups, and each three cells of processing point are transplanted, and 36 plants of each cell, each processing transplants 108 plants
Chinese tamarisk seedlings, 3 processing transplant 324 plants；
Three processing are respectively as follows:
Control group: immersion treatment is not done after seedlings trimming, the same day directly transplants, and the condition of plant is identical as other test groups；
Test group 1: the seedlings tied are transplanted after impregnating 24 h of salt water；
Test group 2: the seedlings tied are transplanted after impregnating 72 h of salt water；
The state diagram that the seedlings tied impregnate salt water is as shown in Figure 1.
(3) transplant: tree well is hand digging, 50 cm of diameter, 60 cm of depth of tree well, since coastal saline-alkali soil is glutinous
Weight, root growth is difficult, when digging a pit, hole, etc. according to machinery, makes have more loose soil in hole as far as possible, before transplanting Chinese tamarisk, each
50 g of phosphoric acid diamines is spread fertilizer over the fields in tree well bottom, and Yu Siyue 20 same day, 21 days and 23 days respectively buries the sapling root of three processing groups
It is placed in tree well, each tree well transplants one plant of seedlings, and when plant seedlings fill tree well, it is super that upper soll layer covers Chinese tamarisk seedlings trunk
Chinese tamarisk trunk original soil print 5cm is crossed, soil is buried and treads there are pouring water storage space above rear tree well, the position of tree well and seedlings after plant
Schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 2；It is as shown in Figure 3 in the state diagram in cell after transplanting.
(4) salt water pours: the seedlings after plant are poured using the earth's surface salt water in irrigation canals and ditches, detect its salt water saliferous
Measure 12.83 g L-1, salt water 20-30 L is poured after plant immediately；
(5) it set tree overlay film: is cheated after pouring 1 day with mulch overlay tree, with the mulch middle opening of the cm of 80cm × 80, covered seedlings
It will cover tightly above entire tree well, pushed down tree well edge with the thick soil of no less than 3 cm.
Hereafter, due to being just arid season after plant, soil evaporation is vigorous, requires supplementation with soil moisture, transplants 2 Zhou Hougen
Whether it is lower than 25% according to soil moisture content, is poured again, pouring salt water amount is 15 ~ 20 L/ plants.
(6) experimental investigation result: the survival rate for investigating plant Chinese tamarisk under different disposal on May 9th, 2019 (sprouts sprouting
It is considered as and survives plant), measure the height of terminal bud on germinated plantlet, the length (bud is long) most to sprout and the new quantity for sprouting bud
(bud quantity)；The long statistical result of bud under its different disposal is as shown in figure 4, bud quantity statistics result is as shown in Figure 5 under different disposal.
It investigates survival rate again on June 10th, 2019, measures the height of terminal bud on trunk.May 9 and June 10 count not
With the result for handling the lower big shoot survival percent of Chinese tamarisk as shown in fig. 6, May 9 counted the top of Chinese tamarisk seedlings under different disposal with June 10
Bud height results are as shown in Figure 7.
From the investigation statistics of control time different with June 10 May 9 the results show that the Chinese tamarisk survival rate impregnated and
The highly significant of trunk terminal bud is higher than unsoaked, and influence of the soaking time to the survival rate of Chinese tamarisk is unobvious；20 after plant
Day, the processing for impregnating 72 h has the rudiment quantity added and biggish bud long, but impregnates 24 h and impregnate being processed into for 72 h
Motility rate and terminal bud height are without significant difference.
When June 10 under different disposal transplant after extra large Gui 1 germination characteristics as shown in Figure 8, such as 9 institute of upgrowth situation
Show.It is shown from growth and investigation result, salt water impregnates the germination that can promote Chinese tamarisk, improves the survival rate of Chinese tamarisk and reduces trunk
Drain length (distance of the terminal bud at the top of trunk), it can be seen that 24 h of soaking time, which has reached, promotes the effect that survives
Fruit, the effect that 72 h of immersion promote Chinese tamarisk to survive is suitable with 24 h, although promoting Chinese tamarisk to a certain extent in early days
Embryonic speed, but survival rate is not considerably better than for 24 hours, does not occur inhibiting within soaking time 72 hours Chinese tamarisk growth yet
Problem.
Result of study proves, even if being transplanted using method provided by the invention in non-March, and directlys adopt salt water and pours
It fills, the survival rate of Chinese tamarisk seedlings can also be significantly improved, while also reducing the withered length at the top of the trunk after cutting strunk.
Method for planting provided by the invention is highly suitable for the plant of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore original soil, in 10 g kg of salinity-1With
On heavy saline plant can reach ideal survival rate；Work is transplanted suitable for the Chinese tamarisk after germinateing, it is secondary after plant to sprout
Bud is early, and rudiment point is high (trunk is withered shorter) on trunk, high survival rate；Due to all using underground or irrigation canals and ditches swag salt water,
Water resource is saved, greening cost is reduced.
In fact, generation of the invention is inventor since transplanting time is delayed, in coastal saline-alkali at the beginning of 5 months 2018
Chinese tamarisk is transplanted in ground, Chinese tamarisk seedlings have germinateed at this time, so cause survival rate lower (less than 50%), and accidentally will partially not
The Chinese tamarisk seedlings that can be planted in time and be soaked in salt water ditch are transplanted, however are impregnated after being hereafter surprised to find plant
These Chinese tamarisk seedlings not only high survival rate, and it is fast to germinate, it is thus found that impregnating Chinese tamarisk seedlings can be improved the survival rate of transplanting,
And the season limitation of transplanting can be broken, irrigation with saline water can also be used always, reduced the cost.Then above-mentioned implementation is devised
The control experiment of example has obtained the present invention.
The above is only several specific embodiments of the invention.Present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, can also there are many
Deformation.All deformations that those skilled in the art directly can export or associate from present disclosure, should all
It is considered protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil utilizes the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Chinese tamarisk seedlings are excavated, the thick root of 30 cm or more of at least two, the branch sprouted on trimming seedlings top and trunk are retained
Leaf obtains the seedlings trunk of 1m long；
(b) seedlings are transported in 24 hours to salt-soda soil planting point, take the salt water of planting point, seedlings is soaked in salt water,
Impregnate 24 ~ 72 h；The salt content of the salt water is 10 ~ 15 g L-1, the temperature of the salt water is 14 ~ 18 DEG C；
(c) tree well is dug, 45 ~ 55 g of phosphoric acid diamines is spread fertilizer over the fields in each tree well bottom, and each tree well transplants the seedlings after one plant of immersion；
(d) salt water for extracting planting point waters to the seedlings after plant, and 20 ~ 30 L/ plants of irrigation amount；The salt water salt content is less than
15 g L-1；
(e) entire tree well surface is covered into mulch, mulch middle opening, Chinese tamarisk seedlings stretch out mulch, with soil by tree well edge
Mulch compacting.
2. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 utilizes the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly (a) consistent by the seedlings trunk root system direction of 1m long, alignment, and every 10 plants are bundled for a bundle.
3. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 or 2 is existed using the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, feature
In, seedlings, which are soaked in, in step (b) refers to side by side to stack bundled seedlings in salt water and is soaked in salt water, sapling all not in
In the salt water.
4. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 utilizes the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the diameter of (c) each tree well be 50-60cm, depth 60-80cm.
5. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 utilizes the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly when (c) transplants seedlings landfill tree well, it is more than original soil covering print 4-6cm before Chinese tamarisk seedlings trunk is transplanted that soil, which covers surface layer, is buried
Soil treads rear tree well top, and there are pour water storage space.
6. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 utilizes the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the salt water of (d) planting point refers to the salt water extracted from the irrigation canals and ditches, swag or underground of planting point.
7. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 utilizes the method for Chinese tamarisk seedlings after salt water transplanting budding, which is characterized in that In
After step (e) overlay film, tree well Surfaces soil water content is detected when transplanting 2 weeks, if water content is lower than 25%, is poured again described salty
15 ~ 20 L/ plants of water.
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