CN101715709A - Method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to north of Shenyang - Google Patents
Method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to north of Shenyang Download PDFInfo
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- CN101715709A CN101715709A CN200910250690A CN200910250690A CN101715709A CN 101715709 A CN101715709 A CN 101715709A CN 200910250690 A CN200910250690 A CN 200910250690A CN 200910250690 A CN200910250690 A CN 200910250690A CN 101715709 A CN101715709 A CN 101715709A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to the north of Shenyang and provides a detailed description in the aspects of tree species selection, planting land selection, transplanting time selection, tree-obtaining method, heat-preservation measures, plants acclimatization and regularly maintaining and the like. The method guides us to introduce the southern tree species sucessfully, fills a historical gap in the transplantation of maidenhair trees in the areas to the north of Shenyang and adds first-class greening tree species to the northeast China region.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the introduction of exotic species field, be specifically related to a kind of method of ginkgo being introduced a fine variety area to the north of the Shenyang.
Background technology
Ginkgo is one of the most ancient in the world seeds, once is distributed widely in Europe, Asia, America, before 500,000 years, the quaternary glacier motion has taken place, most ginkgopsida are on the brink of extinction, have only Chinese natural conditions superior, and just miraculous preservation is got off.Ginkgo does not have damage by disease and insect, flue dust free from environmental pollution, anti-, anti-fire, anti-toxic gas, is famous nuisanceless seeds; The ginkgo height is big, and trunk is perfectly straight, the attitude grace, and spring and summer is emerald green, and late autumn is golden yellow, is the cultivation seeds of desirable afforestation, trade, highway, field forest network, shelterbelt.
The positive tree of ginkgo, be suitable for being grown in the more superior monsoon region, subtropics of hydrothermal condition, and there is not the ginkgo of planting in the temperate zone to the north of Shenyang as yet as the precedent of green tree species to the area, Heilungkiang of cool temperate zone area, particularly puna, does not have the technology record of successfully transplanting yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for area to the north of the Shenyang provides a kind of method of introducing a fine variety ginkgo, thereby gainly ginkgo is planted on the northerly soil.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of method that ginkgo is introduced a fine variety in the area to the north of Shenyang, and concrete step is:
(1) screening seeds:
Choosing area, Dandong diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is the ginkgo of 8-10em;
(2) planting-site point selection:
Select sunnyly, physical features is high and dry, and draining is easy to the location;
(3) preparation of kind plant hole:
The size of planting plant hole is about diameter 150cm, dark 120cm, fill out about 20cm thick dried leaf of having sterilized or hay in the cave, specifically the method for filling out is to fill out earlier about 10cm hay or dried leaf in the cave, fill out the soil moved in to improve the original of mixing then and tread, fill out remaining hay or dried leaf and soil moved in to improve the original by preceding method again, the composition of described soil moved in to improve the original and volume ratio are planting soil: thick river sand: the cow dung=3-4 that has become thoroughly decomposed 3 years: 1-2: 0.5-1;
(4) selection of transplant time:
Between being chosen at the beginning of annual 2 months mid-December to next years;
(5) get tree:
Soil ball size is about diameter 100cm, high 80cm, guarantees that native ball is intact when getting tree, and not loose, pruning is completely cured and is smeared paint at section part, soaks to the surface to native ball water-sprinkling, is incubated back entrucking, transportation with native ball binding and to trunk then;
(6) plantation and insulation are handled:
Planting depth is printed high 3-5cm than the original soil of the wood of planting trees in advance, native ball can not be tramped when trampling the backfill soil moved in to improve the original when planting; Smear trunk with the animal tallow that dissolves, adopt conventional outer cover heat-insulation layer method to carry out the trunk insulation; Carrying out support fixation, water, earths up trees in the plantation back that finishes, wants the limit to water the waterside when watering and banket and tamping, and the about 35cm of thickness that earths up is incubated at ground covering and heat insulating layer at last;
(7) plant domestication:
All remove heat-insulation layer first mid-May after the plantation, and late October is incubated processing according to aforesaid heat preserving method, smears the animal tallow step but save; Annual afterwards than removing Zao 5 days of last year insulation, than being incubated late 5 days of last year; The time of removing insulation after the plantation back reaches for the 5th time and being incubated carried out according to the time of last year;
(8) later stage maintenance:
The annual time in the beginning of spring begins to water, and institute adds the auxiliary agent of taking root in watering; After the plantation 1 year beginning application of organic fertilizers, annual afterwards circulating application fertilizer, the circulating application scope is the annulus at 20-25cm place of radially extending on the basis in last year, until plantation back 4-5, begins the circulating application fertilizer from root again again.
When getting tree shoveling ball, if the frozen soil layer degree of depth is not enough, preferably put in place digging around the ginkgo earlier, the water-sprinkling while digging treats that native ball bottom freezes reality, the ball bottom of cutting the earth again.
The heat-insulation layer that will twine trunk during the method that planting finishes is incubated preferably will be transported is earlier taken off, smear trunk with the lard that melts, again straw rope is wrapped with, the back wraps trunk with Polypropylence Sheet outside straw rope, ground covers with sawdust, coverage covers the sawdust surface with Polypropylence Sheet at last for being the border circular areas of center, the about 200cm of diameter with the trunk, and with the good compacting of earth culture.
The invention effect: this method instructs us successfully to introduce a fine variety southern seeds, has filled up the history that the no ginkgo in area is planted to the north of the Shenyang, for the Northeast has increased an outstanding green tree species.
Embodiment
Heilongjiang Province's Daqing Area belongs to high and cold, high latitude area, the precedent and the mature technique that do not have ginkgo to plant, the applicant is in introducing a fine variety the ginkgo process, explored and experience accumulation through 4 years, summed up from seed selection, transplanted, cultivate, arrive domestication again, until method that survives and technology, the concrete steps of introducing a fine variety are:
1, screening seeds:
The ginkgo product type in area, Dandong is good, growing way is good, plant health, and the minimum temperature in this area winter generally is subzero about 15 degrees centigrade, relative with the Daqing Area temperature difference littler, as long as the trees insulation puts in place, should survive, the applicant has chosen diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 8cm, 9cm, each 1 strain ginkgo of 10cm.
2, planting-site point selection:
The quality of trees planting-site point selection is determining surviving of trees, at ginkgo happiness light, and not anti-shade, drought-enduring, the characteristics of intolerant to waterlogging need selection sunny, and physical features is high and dry, and draining is easy to the location.Excessive rainfall, subterranean water level is too high, and often the place of ponding can cause retarded growth, even dead.
3, plant the plant hole standard:
Dig kind of a plant hole, dig subsoil, in the hole stone and rubbish must not be arranged, be of a size of diameter 150cm * dark 120cm.
4, solve the ground temperature problem:
Daqing Area is slower than the regional ground temperature rise in Dandong, spring, ground temperature was low, influence sprouting of ginkgo root, root is sprouted late, leaf germinates just evening, thereby the sunshine amount that influence is annual, annual sunshine amount does not reach certain requirement, the trees growing way just a little less than, go down for a long time to cause plant death, in order to improve ground temperature, the applicant has filled out the thick dried leaf of 20cm in the hole, and the reason of choosing dried leaf is that dried leaf is drawn materials more convenient in the winter time, certainly also can fill out hay, but because of moisture in the hay is few with respect to dried leaf, the effect of becoming thoroughly decomposed is good not as dried leaf, so condition is preferably filled out dried leaf when permitting; The method of filling out dried leaf is earlier leaf to be carried out disinfection with tpn, and half of getting wherein fills in the cave, and the about 10cm of thickness fills out the soil moved in to improve the original that one deck mixes again and treads on leaf, then in addition half dried leaf fill in the cave and with the soil moved in to improve the original covering, tread; Help the raising of ground temperature in the next year cave after leaf rots like this, favourable to plant strain growth.
Soil moved in to improve the original is that the husky planting soil of black glaze is mixed thick river sand and the cow dung in 3 years of having become thoroughly decomposed, and ratio is 3: 1: 0.5.The husky planting soil of black glaze meets the standard of ginkgo salt content, and thick river sand can improve the gas permeability and the drainage of soil.The cow dung fertility of becoming thoroughly decomposed 3 years is little, is difficult for like this burning root, also has certain permeability.
5, the selection of transplant time:
The applicant carries out big tree transplanting in mid-December, 2005, this moment, ginkgo leaf fell substantially, and tree body transpiration rate reduces, and be difficult for dehydration, and at this moment temperature is lower, and native ball can be frozen in, and the root system injury is little.Certainly can transplant between at the beginning of 2 months of mid-December to next year, because soil layer is in and freezes real state during this, plant does not also sprout yet, and can not cause big injury to trees so transplant.
6, get tree:
Through the experience of summing up in the northern transplanting big tree process for many years, the quality that native ball keeps in the digging process has very big influence to the survival rates of trees; During digging, put signs on earlier in the southern side of tree body, if the soil moisture abundance, when frozen soil layer is enough dark, from around dig to the bottom of native ball, until trees being dug down come, during notice that the native ball of maintenance is intact; If soil moisture is few or frozen soil layer is dark inadequately, the soil ball is easy to loose, in order to keep native ball complete, put water-sprinkling in place with digging around the native ball earlier while digging, treat to freeze gradually around the native ball, note the bottom of native ball not being excavated this moment, need treat that native ball bottom freezes reality, the ball bottom of cutting the earth again, when guaranteeing that trees dig down, native ball can not be loose.
The soil ball is of a size of diameter 100cm, high 80cm; What the native ball that digs out exposed outside is completely cured, and needs with shrub and hedge trimmer and prunes sawed-offly to fall, and spread paint at section part; In order to keep the intact of native ball when the transportation loading and unloading, avoid loose because of colliding with, continue water-sprinkling on native ball, guarantee that native ball freezes reality, Yong Cao Lian and straw rope bundle native ball then, tie up trunk with straw rope, prevent frostbite in the transportation, entrucking at last, transportation.
7, plantation:
Earlier the branch that fractures in the trees transportation and damage has been carried out appropriate pruning during plantation, and smear paint at section, and then careless Lian, straw rope on the native ball are taken off, will do marked tree body and be put in the hole towards the southern side and ajust, fill out soil moved in to improve the original, layering is treaded while filling out; To note 2 points during plantation, the one, native ball can not be tramped when trampling the backfill soil moved in to improve the original, in order to avoid hurt root system, the 2nd, planting depth is printed high 3-5cm than the original soil of the wood of planting trees in advance, because an infall process is arranged after watering, the plant after the sedimentation, the degree of depth is just in time very few with original soil print difference.Planted deeply, vexed bud easily takes place in trees in spring, just found that this tree looked very weak in 1 year, and it is simple and easy at frostbite root system in winter to plant.
With rod trees are carried out gusseted after the backfill soil moved in to improve the original finishes, but note not damaging bark, as the saying goes that " "Face" is as important to man as the bark is to the tree " damage bark can cause plant death.It is in order to prevent the back soil settlement plant inclination of watering that trees are supported, because after watering winter, soil will freeze at once real can't mobile trees, if trees tilt, can damage tree root when move spring, also have a reason in addition, prevent when scraping spring breeze that setting body rocks, the tree root activity, influence survives.Watering in the support back that finishes at once, must the limit when watering waters the waterside and banket and use the waddy tamping, earths up then, earths up thickness about 35cm.Be in order to prevent the slit to be arranged between the soil like this, the frostbite root system influenced plant and survived winter.
8, insulation is handled:
The straw rope that will twine trunk in will transporting is earlier taken off, and smears trunk with the lard that dissolves, and is wrapped with straw rope then, wraps trunk at straw rope external application Polypropylence Sheet at last;
Cover with sawdust above the soil ball, coverage is to be the border circular areas of center, the about 200cm of diameter with the trunk, and plastic covering cloth on sawdust then is at last with the good compacting of earth culture.
9, plant domestication
To be incubated all in mid-May, 2006 removes, and three ginkgo began to germinate June, and had been incubated by the end of October, and heat preserving method is the same, and in order to reach the purpose of progressively tempering trees, this year is not smeared lard; In the period of the 2007-2009, the way that domestication is adopted is to compare with last year will be incubated all in 5 days in advance to remove, and compares with last year by winter to postpone 5 days again and be incubated; Through this domestication in several years, soak has shortened one month.
10, later stage maintenance:
Surviving of trees, later stage maintenance are also very important, and in order to inspire new root, the applicant begins to water in the annual time in the beginning of spring, and institute adds the auxiliary agent of taking root in watering, and as adding methyl or ABT root-inducing powder, promotes the growth of its root; 1 year beginning application of organic fertilizers after the plantation, annual afterwards circulating application fertilizer, institute's organic fertilizer is the cow dung of fermentation, the circulating application scope is the annulus at 20-25cm place of radially extending on the basis in last year, until plantation back 4-5, begin the circulating application fertilizer from root again again, so move in circles.The scope of ring strengthens year by year, does the fertility that can improve on the one hand soil like this, the most important thing is that it can improve the soil, and eliminates the salt content in the soil.
Through 4 years constantly study intensively and unremitting effort, 3 ginkgo of strain more than 8 centimeters took root plant area of the grand steam power plant of grand celebration finally, for grand celebration and even area, Heilungkiang have increased rare seeds, had filled up a historical blank of grand celebration greening.
Owing to successfully introduced a fine variety ginkgo, make we in the digging of big tree, plant, the aspects such as domestication of insulation and plant have accumulated rich experience, introduce a fine variety the oriental plane tree in area, Dandong for regional northeastward from now on, outstanding seeds such as mountain cherry provide favourable, reliable foundation.
Claims (3)
- One kind to the north of Shenyang the area introduce a fine variety ginkgo method, concrete step is:(1) screening seeds:Choosing area, Dandong diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is the ginkgo of 8-10cm;(2) planting-site point selection:Select sunnyly, physical features is high and dry, and draining is easy to the location;(3) preparation of kind plant hole:The size of planting plant hole is about diameter 150cm, dark 120cm, fill out about 20cm thick dried leaf of having sterilized or hay in the cave, specifically the method for filling out is to fill out earlier about 10cm hay or dried leaf in the cave, fill out the soil moved in to improve the original of mixing then and tread, fill out remaining hay or dried leaf and soil moved in to improve the original by preceding method again, the composition of described soil moved in to improve the original and volume ratio are planting soil: thick river sand: the cow dung=3-4 that has become thoroughly decomposed 3 years: 1-2: 0.5-1;(4) selection of transplant time:Between being chosen at the beginning of annual 2 months mid-December to next years;(5) get tree:Soil ball size is about diameter 100cm, high 80cm, guarantees that native ball is intact when getting tree, and not loose, pruning is completely cured and is smeared paint at section part, soaks to the surface to native ball water-sprinkling, is incubated back entrucking, transportation with native ball binding and to trunk then;(6) plantation and insulation are handled:Planting depth is printed high 3-5cm than the original soil of the wood of planting trees in advance, native ball can not be tramped when trampling the backfill soil moved in to improve the original when planting; Smear trunk with the animal tallow that dissolves, adopt conventional outer cover heat-insulation layer method to carry out the trunk insulation; Carrying out support fixation, water, earths up trees in the plantation back that finishes, wants the limit to water the waterside when watering and banket and tamping, and the about 35cm of thickness that earths up is incubated at ground covering and heat insulating layer at last;(7) plant domestication:All remove heat-insulation layer first mid-May after the plantation, and late October is incubated processing according to aforesaid heat preserving method, smears the animal tallow step but save; Annual afterwards than removing Zao 5 days of last year insulation, than being incubated late 5 days of last year; The time of removing insulation after the plantation back reaches for the 5th time and being incubated carried out according to the time of last year;(8) later stage maintenance:The annual time in the beginning of spring begins to water, and institute adds the auxiliary agent of taking root in watering; After the plantation 1 year beginning application of organic fertilizers, annual afterwards circulating application fertilizer, the circulating application scope is the annulus at 20-25cm place of radially extending on the basis in last year, until plantation back 4-5, begins the circulating application fertilizer from root again again.
- 2. according to the described method that ginkgo is introduced a fine variety in the area to the north of Shenyang of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when getting tree shoveling ball, if the frozen soil layer degree of depth is not enough, put in place digging around the ginkgo earlier, the water-sprinkling while digging treats that native ball bottom freezes reality, the ball bottom of cutting the earth again.
- 3. according to the described method that ginkgo is introduced a fine variety in the area to the north of Shenyang of claim 1, it is characterized in that: heat preserving method is that the heat-insulation layer that will twine trunk in will transporting is earlier taken off, smear trunk with the lard that melts, again straw rope is wrapped with, the back wraps trunk with Polypropylence Sheet outside straw rope, ground covers with sawdust, and it is the border circular areas of center, the about 200cm of diameter that coverage is with the trunk, cover the sawdust surface with Polypropylence Sheet at last, and with the good compacting of earth culture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910250690A CN101715709A (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2009-12-14 | Method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to north of Shenyang |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910250690A CN101715709A (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2009-12-14 | Method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to north of Shenyang |
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| CN101715709A true CN101715709A (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107372019A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-11-24 | 武岩锴 | A kind of big tree transplanting method |
| CN108207475A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-29 | 新疆新城园林生态开发有限公司 | A kind of breeding method for improving trees winter resistance |
| CN109819833A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-31 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of method of seedling percent under raising Phoebe bournei Forest |
| CN112703955A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-27 | 北京丹青园林绿化有限责任公司 | Planting method of landscaping nursery stocks |
-
2009
- 2009-12-14 CN CN200910250690A patent/CN101715709A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107372019A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-11-24 | 武岩锴 | A kind of big tree transplanting method |
| CN108207475A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-29 | 新疆新城园林生态开发有限公司 | A kind of breeding method for improving trees winter resistance |
| CN108207475B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2020-03-20 | 新疆新城园林生态开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for improving cold resistance of trees |
| CN109819833A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-31 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of method of seedling percent under raising Phoebe bournei Forest |
| CN112703955A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-27 | 北京丹青园林绿化有限责任公司 | Planting method of landscaping nursery stocks |
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Open date: 20100602 |