CN112931134B - Davidia involucrata relocation protection technology - Google Patents
Davidia involucrata relocation protection technology Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a Chinese dive tree relocation protection technology, which comprises the steps of surveying before Chinese dive tree relocation protection, adopting step-by-step introduction and step-by-step implementation and transplanting, planting a plurality of vegetation and accompanying tree species of an original growing area in an area after the Chinese dive tree relocation is finished, and creating an environment with similar habitat of plants; the problem of low survival rate of the wild Chinese dive tree in a high-altitude area transplanted to a low-altitude area is solved, the new high quality and quantity of the Chinese dive tree in the relocation protection are created, the protection level of rare or endangered plants is remarkably improved, and the method has great reference significance for relocation protection work of rare or endangered plants suffering from serious damage to ecological environments in other areas and increasingly reduced in distribution range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and particularly relates to a Chinese dive tree relocation protection technology.
Background
Davidia involucrata (Davidia involucrata Baill.) also known as Pigeon tree is a deciduous tree, up to 20 m, with gray yellow bark and white flower (similar to white pigeon), and the fruit tree grows egg-shaped stone fruit. The Chinese dive tree is a wiggery plant which is newly generated 1000 ten thousand years ago and remained in the third era, and in the fourth era glacier period, most of Chinese dive trees in the region are successively extinct. The Chinese dive tree is one of old plants which survive in a remote mountain area in the middle and the west of China, and is called as 'pearl in forest sea', 'plant activating stone' and 'green panda' by a phytologist. The tree species are produced in the west of Hubei, the west of Hunan, Sichuan and the north of Guizhou and Yunnan provinces.
The Davidia involucrata tree has beautiful appearance, the inflorescence of the Davidia involucrata tree is like the spreading of the wings of white pigeons, the Davidia involucrata tree is a famous ornamental plant all over the world and is known as pigeon flower and peace tree. Davidia involucrata is classified as a national primary key protection wild plant, is a treasure in 8 national primary key protection plants, is a unique single-family single-genus plant (Davidia involucrata, Davidia) in China, and has extremely high economic value. Because ecological environments such as engineering construction and the like are seriously damaged, the distribution range is gradually reduced, the natural updating capability is poor, the number of wild seedlings is less and less, and if protective measures are not taken, the population structure and the updating of the Chinese dive tree are seriously influenced. Specific protection management measures should be made, ex-situ protection and breeding tests should be actively developed, artificial forestation is carried out, and distribution areas of the forestation are enlarged.
Davidia involucrata is grown in a wet evergreen broad-leaved deciduous mixed forest with the altitude of 1500-. The Davidia involucrata has extremely strict requirements on the growth environment and is extremely difficult to transplant successfully. At present, aiming at management and protection of the Chinese dive tree, a natural protection area is established, the natural ecological environment of the Chinese dive tree is protected, man-made interference is limited and reduced, excessive chopping and excessive propagation are forbidden, the existing resources are protected on site, introduction and breeding of the Chinese dive tree are actively carried out, the distribution range of the Chinese dive tree is expanded, and a base for breeding the Chinese dive tree is specially established.
The mechanism for researching and protecting the precious endangered plant of the Chinese dive tree is more in China, but the technology for transplanting and protecting the precious endangered plant of the Chinese dive tree is less, and basic research on natural distribution, ecological habits and introduction conditions of the Chinese dive tree is carried out by Zhang Jia and the like (1995); related technologies of breeding and managing Davidia involucrata of 'Chinese hair seeds are buried in situ for overwintering and accelerating germination' and 'three-water watering' are established in research by the Thang army et al (2006); research on the seed group protection of the Chinese dive tree is summarized from the endangered condition and reason of the Chinese dive tree, a conservation technology and a protection strategy by the aspects of maintaining beauty and the like (2011); the distribution range and the introduction current situation of the Chinese dive tree are briefly analyzed in the 'distribution and introduction analysis of the Chinese dive tree' in 3 months in 2019 by Zhangyae; the journal of Guangdong science and technology of Longshu of Zengxiao plum 2008 at 11.11.A text of 'discussion on transplanting method and maintenance technology of big tree' is published, and the cautions of transplanting big trees in the processes of moisture preservation, fertilization, watering and the like are explained; the Zhao Guohua et al 2008 in 12 months in the journal of the research on Hebei Lin fruit published the discussion of the big tree transplanting technology, and put forward the principle of tree vigor balance; according to the Liu Meng Ting, functional characters of plant leaves, ecological stoichiometric characteristics and nutrient recovery efficiency are contrastively analyzed in 'adaptability evaluation of ex-situ protection of seven rare or endangered woody plants', the differences among different populations and the relation between the differences and environmental factors are analyzed, and the adaptability evaluation of the ex-situ protection of the seven rare or endangered woody plants is explored. The method has the advantages that the requirement on the relocation adaptability of the rare or endangered plant of the Chinese dive tree is particularly high, the survival is a key factor, the research and the technology do not substantially solve the core technology of the relocation transplantation of the Chinese dive tree, and certain reference meaning is provided for the theoretical research of the Chinese dive tree and the transplantation, management and protection of common native trees.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a Chinese dive tree relocation protection technology,
the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for protecting a migrating place of a Davidia involucrata Baill comprises the following steps:
s1: surveying before migrating of Chinese dive tree: surveying and detecting an original place of the Chinese dive tree;
s2: step-by-step introduction and step-by-step transplantation are adopted;
s2.1 acclimating the living body Davidia involucrata plant in advance;
s2.2, transplanting the Chinese dive tree to dig up;
s2.3, digging up and pruning the Chinese dive tree;
s2.4 planting Davidia involucrata step by step (I):
s2.4.1: the first stage is as follows: transplanting from a high mountain area (the altitude is within the range of 1100-;
s2.4.2: adopting a root controller to construct a transplanting tree pool, wherein the diameter and the depth of the tree pool are larger than the diameter of a soil ball of the tree to be transplanted by 0.4-0.6 m;
s2.4.3: the planting adopts the process: laying a drainage layer on a tree pool of the root control device → laying a primary soil layer → hoisting plants → returning soil balls of the plants → laying nutrient soil around the soil balls for compaction → building tree supports → irrigating root fixing water for preparing rooting liquid, wherein the root fixing water is 100 kg of water added by alcoholic solution containing 1 g of ABT 3;
s2.5: planting Davidia involucrata step by step (II):
s2.5.1: and a second stage: transplanting from a semi-high mountain area or a low hilly area to a low-altitude migratory area for domestication (the low-altitude area: the altitude is in the range of 130-185 meters) after 2 years of transplantation management and protection in the first stage, wherein the planting time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant (11-12 months);
s2.5.2: before planting the Davidia involucrata Baill, treating soil of an immigration field, detecting the pH value, EC value content, organic matter type or other physical and chemical properties of the soil of the immigration field, and improving the soil, wherein the improvement method comprises the following steps: deeply ploughing the land with the depth of 60-80cm, improving the structure and physical and chemical properties of surrounding soil, increasing the porosity of the soil and reducing the density of the soil; hilling, wherein the air permeability of the sticky soil is poor, and the soil structure and the air permeability are improved by adding a proper amount of sandy soil; improving foreign soil, uniformly mixing 1 part of humus, 0.1-0.3 part of biological bacterial fertilizer and 1 part of original soil (yellow brown soil), adjusting the pH value requirement of the Davidia involucrata growth, preparing soil for backfilling planting holes according to the requirement of the Davidia involucrata original land on the soil, and preparing the improved soil and the original soil according to the proportion 1 (0.1-0.3);
s2.5.3: planting process: excavating a planting hole in an emigration place (more than about 1m of a tree pool of a root control device), paving a drainage layer (with the thickness of 50-80cm weathering sand or primary gravel), paving a nutrient soil layer (with the thickness of 50-80cm soil preparation), hoisting a tree pool plant with the root control device, returning the plant (with the mark at the breast diameter in the direction towards the sun consistent with the direction of a transplanting point), removing the root control device (with the soil ball height required to be 10cm higher than the excavation ground), paving nutrient soil around the soil ball, compacting, building tree support, pruning dry branches, mechanically damaging branches, irrigating root fixing water for preparing a rooting liquid (adding 100 kg of water into 1 g of ABT3 root growth powder alcohol solution).
S2.5.4: planting a plurality of vegetation and associated tree species of an original growing land in the area after the migration of the Davidia involucrata, and creating an environment with a similar habitat of plants;
s3: and (4) managing and protecting Davidia involucrata after transplanting:
and completing the protection of the migrating place of the Chinese dive tree.
Preferably, the step S1 investigating the content includes: the affected distribution range, the number of plants, the population structure, the growth condition and the in-situ protection condition of the Davidia involucrata; the average value of the altitude, the air humidity, the frost-free period of the whole year, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in three years or other meteorological data of the original region of the migrated Davidia involucrata; identifying that the Davidia involucrata is suitable for growing in a shade slope or a sunny slope in the original place; selecting 3 soil samples from the original area of the Davidia involucrata Baill in the shade slope and the sunny slope respectively, and detecting the fertility and the pH value of the soil; physical character characteristics of the soil under the forest, chemical characteristics of the soil under the forest and activities of soil microorganisms under the forest are investigated so as to know physical, chemical and biological environmental conditions of the soil.
Preferably, said S2.1 comprises in particular the following steps:
s2.1.1: after leaves of Davidia involucrata in 11 months before the first 1 year of the relocation, marking the diameter of the breast in the direction towards the sun (south) by using lead oil, and trimming partial branches and leaves by adopting a retraction trimming method according to the growth condition, so that the nutrient consumption is reduced, and the trimming of broken ends can not be cut;
s2.1.2: drawing a pot-bottom-shaped annular ditch which is 40-60cm in circle and 50-100cm in depth around the distance which is 5-8 times the diameter of the trunk of the transplanted Davidia involucrata tree to cut roots and shrink lumps, adding 50 kg of water into 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder alcohol solution to spray the roots in the root cutting area of the annular ditch, and spraying the solution thoroughly;
s2.1.3: digging leaf rotting soil in the area around the Davidia involucrata distribution, filling 100 kg of water into the annular ditch, adding 100 kg of water into alcohol solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder, and culturing the massive growth of fibrous roots in the root cutting area at 15 days interval from the last treatment to promote the survival rate of the plants after the land is transplanted.
Preferably, the S2.2 transplanting Chinese dive hoisting specifically comprises the following steps:
s2.2.1: digging a Chinese dive tree with a root cut and a lump reduced for 1 year in advance, wherein the digging time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant according to the growth habit of the Chinese dive tree in an original place (11-12 months);
s2.2.2: the pot bottom-shaped digging earth ball is arranged at the periphery of the ring-shaped ditch with the root broken and the lump contracted, the root system cultivated in the root broken area is protected, the earth ball is wrapped by waste cotton cloth, and then the earth ball is bound by a special binding belt, so that the loss of the earth ball in transportation is reduced.
Preferably, the step S2.3 of digging up the Chinese dive tree for pruning comprises the following steps:
s2.3.1: the pruning technology comprises the following steps: keeping tree shape and top end advantages unchanged, and retracting the whole crown by 1/3 branches; pruning crossed branches, diseased dead branches and overlapped branches;
s2.3.2: wound treatment: treating and wrapping with special plant wound dressing agent;
s2.3.3: processing a tree body: the sun cream is painted white along the trunk to the top end of the tree body, the tree body is wrapped along the rhizome part → the trunk → the top part by a degradable preservative film after being dried, finally, the tree body is wrapped along the rhizome part → the trunk → the top part by a straw rope, and marks are marked on the chest diameter part facing the sun (south) during wrapping.
Further preferably, in the step S2.3.3: the sunscreen cream comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-0.6 part of quicklime, 0.3-0.6 part of copper sulfate, 0.05-0.15 part of salt, 8-12 parts of water, and a titanium dioxide and zinc oxide mixed solution which is also included in the sunscreen cream, wherein the concentration of the titanium dioxide and zinc oxide mixed solution is 50-300ppm, and the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide to the zinc oxide is 1 (0.5-1); the dissolving method comprises the following steps: dissolving titanium dioxide and zinc oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid, heating with water for 3 hr to dissolve completely (pH value is adjusted to not generate precipitate) to prepare a solvent with a certain concentration, and keeping the concentration at 50-300 ppm; secondly, separately dissolving the quicklime and the copper sulfate by using water in sequence, and finally adding a mixed solution of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide for subsequent use.
Preferably, in the step S2.4.2, the tree pool is layered, and is provided with a drainage layer, a raw soil layer and a nutrient soil layer, wherein the drainage layer is paved by raw ground gravel and has the thickness of 20-30cm and is used for timely drainage in heavy rain; the primary soil layer is formed by laying primary soil of a digging place, the thickness of the primary soil layer is 30-50cm, and the primary soil layer is used for connecting a Chinese dive tree soil ball with the primary soil; the nutrient soil layer is a prepared water-retaining, fertilizer-retaining and air-permeable composite nutrient matrix containing a nutrient, an organic biological bacterial fertilizer and the like, the weight ratio of the nutrient to the organic biological bacterial fertilizer to the original soil is 0.1:0.9:9, and the nutrient soil layer is used for filling and compacting the periphery of the planting soil ball.
Preferably, the step S3: the Chinese dive tree management and protection after emigration comprises the following steps:
s3.1, simulating an external growth environment of the Chinese dive tree, and building a sunshade net to prevent direct solar radiation in summer;
s3.2, installing miniature spray irrigation along the tree body, increasing air humidity, forming a microclimate environment of a germplasm resource garden, and enabling the Chinese dive tree to be suitable for the current growing environment;
s3.3, injecting and dripping nutrient solution into the trunk of the tree to rejuvenate the Chinese dive tree, wherein the dripped nutrient solution is bottled or bagged water solution which can be purchased in the market;
s3.4 treating the trunk to the top (not including lateral branches) in a high-temperature season (6-9 months): the sun-proof cream is applied to prepare the sun-proof cream (the same as above), and is applied once a month because of much rain in summer;
s3.5, branch tip and leaf treatment in high-temperature seasons: spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves;
and S3.6 under the conventional and transplanting maintenance conditions, regularly performing measures such as soil loosening, weed removing, watering and the like to perform maintenance management on other aspects.
Preferably, said step S3.5: the sunscreen nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of green tea 100g leachate, 1.5-2.5 parts of aloe 200g leachate, 0.5-1.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis 50g leachate, 0.5-1.5 parts of lithospermum 50g leachate, and the sunscreen nutrient solution also comprises vitamin B2, wherein the concentration of the vitamin B2 is 8-14 mg/L. 100g of green tea leachate (the specific method of the leachate is to take 100g of green tea in a container, add 9000ml of pure water at 80 ℃ for soaking, put the green tea in the container at 80 ℃ for leaching for 20 minutes, filter and hold the volume for standing, 200g of aloe leachate (the specific method of the leachate is to take 200g of fresh aloe, clean the aloe, divide the aloe into blocks, break the aloe into pieces by using a juicer and filter the aloe juice for standing), 50g of scutellaria baicalensis leachate (the specific method of the leachate is to take 50g of scutellaria baicalensis, crush the scutellaria baicalensis in the container, add 2000ml of water into the container, decoct the scutellaria baicalensis for 2 times, 30 minutes each time, filter and hold the volume for standing, the leachate is to 50g of lithospermum (the specific method of the leachate is to take 50g of fresh lithospermum, clean the lithospermum in the container, add 2000ml of water into the container, decoct the scutellaria baicalensis for 1 time of 30 minutes, filter and hold the volume for standing, and stand, and vitamin B2/10 mg/L.
Preferably, the step S2.4.1: the altitude of the high mountain area is 1100-1700 meters, the altitude of the middle-altitude low hilly area is 500-1000 meters, the traffic is convenient, and the points are placed in the west and south ring mountain back shading areas according to the row spacing of 5m × 5 m; s2.5.1, the low-altitude migration area has an altitude of 130-185 meters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method overcomes the defects of high difficulty, high mortality rate, and manpower, material resources and financial resources caused by transplanting in the transplanting technology of rare or endangered trees, especially the loss and waste of forest resources. A solid foundation is established for the breeding research and the popularization and application of the special rare endangered plant Davidia involucrata Baill, a sufficient domesticated breeding female parent is provided, the breeding research and the popularization and application time can be greatly shortened, and the human and material cost is saved.
2. The method mainly aims at the wild Davidia involucrata trees needing to be protected within 5-20cm, and adopts the means of gradual land transfer, step-by-step implementation, protoplasm habitat simulation and the like to grow the affected plants distributed in a high-altitude area in a low-altitude area, so that the problem of low survival rate from the high-altitude area to the low-altitude area is solved, the survival rate reaches more than 90 percent, and the environmental adaptability of the transplanted Davidia involucrata is greatly improved.
3. Compared with the existing transplanting method, the technical method for transplanting the wild Chinese dive tree can effectively solve the problems of water loss, withered top, damaged root system, unbalanced nutrients, easy death and the like during transplanting of the wild Chinese dive tree, remarkably improves the transplanting survival rate, and improves the survival rate by more than 20%.
4. A series of scientific management and protection measures are adopted, the problems of poor growth tendency, weak tree body and the like of the Chinese dive tree after the transplanting are solved, the rejuvenation process of the tree body is accelerated, the flowering and fruiting rate of the plants within 5 years after the transplanting is over 80 percent, and a basic guarantee is provided for subsequent research and application.
5. The self-made sunscreen cream and the self-made sunscreen nutrient solution have certain effects on the photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration and antioxidant system of trees when the Davidia involucrata is moved from a high altitude to a ground altitude area and face high-temperature stress. Because titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have high chemical stability and strong adhesive force and have strong shielding property on ultraviolet rays, the damage of partial ultraviolet rays to trees is shielded through the reflection, refraction and scattering effects of the protective layer on the ultraviolet rays. The plant leachate is prepared according to a certain concentration proportion, has better ultraviolet absorption performance, has a photoprotective effect on the peel and leaves of the Chinese dive tree, can provide nutrition for the tree body, is convenient to obtain materials, and is economical and applicable.
Drawings
FIG. 1: and (3) transplanting to protect the survival and growth conditions of the Davidia involucrata Baill:
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: and (3) the situation of flowering and fructification of Davidia involucrata in the transplanting protection: wherein, figure 2a is the flowering condition of the transplanted Chinese dive tree, and figure 2b is the fruit setting condition of the transplanted Chinese dive tree;
figure 3, the comparison of different seasons of the relocation protection Chinese dive tree: wherein, figure 3a is the flowering condition of a transplanted Chinese dive tree, and figure 3b is the condition after the leaves of the transplanted Chinese dive tree are fallen;
figure 4 shows different sun burn situations of Davidia involucrata Baill: wherein, fig. 4a shows the sun burn grade of the transplanted Chinese dive tree as C, and fig. 4B shows the sun burn grade of the transplanted Chinese dive tree as B; wherein, figure 4a shows that the sun burn grade of the transplanted Chinese dive tree is A.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for protecting the relocation of Davidia involucrata Baill comprises the following steps:
s1: surveying before migrating of Chinese dive tree: surveying and detecting an original site of the Davidia involucrata Baill;
s2: transplanting is implemented step by introduction and step by step;
s2.1 domesticating living Davidia involucrata plants in advance;
s2.2, transplanting into the Chinese dive tree to pick up;
s2.3, digging up and pruning the Chinese dive tree;
s2.4 planting Davidia involucrata step by step (I):
s2.4.1: the first stage is as follows: transplanting from a high mountain area to a half high mountain area and transplanting to a medium-altitude low mountain and hilly area for planting and domesticating, selecting a region with surrounding mountains and back shading in the west and south, which is convenient for traffic, and arranging points according to the row spacing of 5m × 5 m;
s2.4.2: adopting a root controller to construct a transplanting tree pool, wherein the diameter and the depth of the tree pool are larger than the diameter of a soil ball of the tree to be transplanted by 0.5 m;
s2.4.3: the planting adopts the process: laying a drainage layer in a tree pool of the root control device → laying a primary soil layer → hoisting a plant → returning a soil ball of the plant → laying nutrient soil around the soil ball for compaction → building tree support → irrigating root fixing water for preparing rooting liquid, wherein the root fixing water is 100 kg of water added by alcoholic solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder;
s2.5: gradually planting Davidia involucrata (II):
s2.5.1: and a second stage: transplanting the leaves from a semi-high mountain area or a low hilly area to a low-altitude migratory area for domestication 2 years after the first-stage transplanting management and protection, wherein the planting time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant (11-12 months);
s2.5.2: before planting the Davidia involucrata Baill, treating soil of an immigration field, detecting the pH value, EC value content, organic matter type or other physical and chemical properties of the soil of the immigration field, and improving the soil, wherein the improvement method comprises the following steps: deeply ploughing the land with the depth of 70cm, improving the structure and physical and chemical properties of surrounding soil, increasing the porosity of the soil and reducing the density of the soil; hilling, wherein the air permeability of the sticky soil is poor, and the soil structure and the air permeability are improved by adding a proper amount of sandy soil; improving the foreign soil, uniformly mixing 1 part of humus, 0.2 part of biological bacterial fertilizer and 1 part of original soil (yellow brown soil), adjusting the pH value requirement to be met by the growth of the Davidia involucrata, preparing soil for backfilling soil of planting holes according to the requirement of the original soil of the Davidia involucrata, and preparing the improved soil and the original soil according to the proportion of 1: 0.3;
s2.5.3: planting process: digging a planting hole in an emigration place (more than about 1m of a tree pool of a root control device), paving a drainage layer (with the thickness of 60cm weathering sand or primary gravel), paving a nutrient soil layer (with the thickness of 70cm prepared soil), hoisting a tree pool plant with the root control device, homing the plant (the position of a mark made at the breast diameter in the sunny direction is consistent with the position of a transplanting point), removing the root control device (the height of a soil ball is 10cm higher than the digging ground), paving nutrient soil around the soil ball, compacting, building a tree support, pruning dry branches, mechanically damaging branches, irrigating and preparing rooting water of rooting liquid (adding 100 kg of water by using an alcoholic solution containing 1 g of rooting powder of ABT 3).
S2.5.4: planting a plurality of vegetation and accompanying tree species in an original growing area in the area after the completion of the planting of the Davidia involucrata Baill, and creating an environment with similar habitat of plants;
s3: managing and protecting Davidia involucrata after emigration:
and completing the relocation protection of the Davidia involucrata Baill.
Preferably, the step S1 investigating the content includes: the affected distribution range, the number of plants, the population structure, the growth condition and the in-situ protection condition of the Davidia involucrata; the average value of the altitude, the air humidity, the frost-free period of the whole year, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in three years or other meteorological data of the original region of the migrated Davidia involucrata; marking that the Davidia involucrata is suitable for growing in a cloudy slope or a sunny slope in the original land; selecting 3 soil samples from the original area of the Davidia involucrata Baill in the shade slope and the sunny slope respectively, and detecting the fertility and the pH value of the soil; physical character characteristics of the soil under the forest, chemical characteristics of the soil under the forest and activities of soil microorganisms are investigated to know soil physical and chemical environmental conditions and biological environmental conditions.
Preferably, S2.1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s2.1.1: after leaves of Davidia involucrata in 11 middle ten days of the first 1 year before the relocation, marking the diameter at breast height in the direction of sunward (south) with lead oil, and pruning partial branches and leaves by adopting a retraction pruning method according to the growth condition, so that the nutrient consumption is reduced, and the pruning of broken ends can not be cut;
s2.1.2: drawing a pot-bottom-shaped annular trench which is 50cm in circle and 80cm in depth around the distance 6 times the diameter of a trunk of a transplanted Davidia involucrata tree to cut roots and shrink lumps, adding 50 kg of water into an alcohol solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder, spraying the alcohol solution to the roots, and spraying the solution to be wet and sprayed thoroughly;
s2.1.3: digging leaf rotting soil in the area around the Davidia involucrata distribution, filling 100 kg of water into the annular ditch, adding 100 kg of water into alcohol solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder, and culturing the massive growth of fibrous roots in the root cutting area at 15 days interval from the last treatment to promote the survival rate of the plants after the land is transplanted.
Preferably, the S2.2 transplanting Chinese dive hoisting specifically comprises the following steps:
s2.2.1: digging a Chinese dive tree with a root cut and a lump reduced for 1 year in advance, wherein the digging time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant according to the growth habit of the Chinese dive tree in an original place (11-12 months);
s2.2.2: the pot bottom-shaped digging ball with the periphery of 15cm of the ring-shaped ditch for the root-breaking and lump-shrinking protects root systems cultivated in the root-breaking area, the soil ball is wrapped by waste cotton cloth, and then the soil ball is bound by a special binding belt, so that the loss of the soil ball in transportation is reduced.
Preferably, the step S2.3 of digging up the Chinese dive tree for pruning comprises the following steps:
s2.3.1: the pruning technology comprises the following steps: keeping tree shape and top end advantages unchanged, and retracting the whole crown by 1/3 branches; pruning crossed branches, diseased dead branches and overlapped branches;
s2.3.2: wound treatment: treating and wrapping with special plant wound smearing agent;
s2.3.3: tree body treatment: the sun cream is painted white from the trunk to the top end of the tree body, the tree body is wrapped by a degradable preservative film along the root part → the trunk → the top part after being dried, finally, the tree body is wrapped by a straw rope along the root part → the trunk → the mark is marked on the chest diameter part facing the sun (south) during wrapping.
Further preferably, in the step S2.3.3: the sunscreen cream comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of quicklime, 0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0.1 part of salt and 10 parts of water, and a titanium dioxide and zinc oxide mixed solution with the concentration of 250ppm is also included in the sunscreen cream, and the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide to the zinc oxide is 1: 0.8; the dissolving method comprises the following steps: dissolving titanium dioxide and zinc oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid, heating with water for 3 hr to dissolve completely (adjusting pH value to avoid precipitation) to obtain a certain concentration of solvent with a concentration of 250 ppm; secondly, separately dissolving the quicklime and the copper sulfate by using water in sequence, and finally adding the mixed solution of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide for subsequent use. The preparation proportion of the sunscreen cream is as follows: because titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have high chemical stability and strong shielding property to ultraviolet rays, the damage of partial ultraviolet rays to trees is shielded through the reflection, refraction and scattering effects of the protective layer to the ultraviolet rays.
Preferably, in the step S2.4.2, the tree pool is layered, and is provided with a drainage layer, a primary soil layer and a nutrient soil layer, wherein the drainage layer is paved by primary gravel with the thickness of 25cm and is used for timely drainage in heavy rain; the original soil layer is laid by original soil of a digging place, the thickness is 40cm, and the original soil layer is used for connecting the Chinese dive tree soil ball with the original soil; the nutrient soil layer is a prepared water-retaining, fertilizer-retaining and air-permeable composite nutrient matrix containing a nutrient, an organic biological bacterial fertilizer and the like, the weight ratio of the nutrient to the organic biological bacterial fertilizer to the original soil is 0.1:0.9:9, and the nutrient soil layer is used for filling and compacting the periphery of the planting soil ball.
Preferably, the step S3: the Chinese dive tree management and protection after emigration comprises the following steps:
s3.1, simulating an external growth environment of the Chinese dive tree, and building a sunshade net to prevent direct solar radiation in summer;
s3.2, installing miniature spray irrigation along the tree body, increasing air humidity, forming a microclimate environment of a germplasm resource garden, and enabling the Chinese dive tree to be suitable for the current growing environment;
s3.3, the tree trunk is injected and dripped with nutrient solution to rejuvenate the transplanted Chinese dive tree, and the dripped nutrient solution is bottled or bagged water solution which can be purchased in the market;
s3.4 treating the trunk to the top (not including lateral branches) in a high-temperature season (6-9 months): the sun-proof cream is applied to prepare the sun-proof cream (the same as above), and is applied once a month because of much rain in summer;
s3.5, branch tip and leaf treatment in high-temperature seasons: spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves;
and S3.6 under the conventional and transplanting maintenance conditions, regularly performing measures such as soil loosening, weed removing, watering and the like to perform maintenance management on other aspects.
Preferably, said step S3.5: the sunscreen nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: the sunscreen nutrient solution comprises 100g of green tea extract 1 part, 200g of aloe extract 2 parts, 50g of scutellaria baicalensis extract 1 part, 50g of lithospermum erythrorhizon extract 1 part, and vitamin B2 with the concentration of 10 mg/L. 100g of green tea leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 100g of green tea in a container, adding 9000ml of pure water at 80 ℃ for soaking, putting in the container at 80 ℃ for leaching for 20 minutes, filtering, and carrying out constant volume standing for later use), 200g of aloe leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 200g of fresh aloe, cleaning, partitioning, crushing by using a juicer, filtering and carrying out juice standing for later use), 50g of scutellaria baicalensis leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 50g of scutellaria baicalensis, crushing in a container, adding 2000ml of water, decocting for 2 times, 30 minutes each time, filtering, carrying out constant volume standing for later use), 50g of lithospermum leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 50g of fresh lithospermum, cleaning, putting in a container, adding 2000ml of water, decocting for 1 time, 30 minutes, filtering, carrying out constant volume standing for later use), and 2/10mg/L of vitamin B. The riboflavin in the vitamin B2 can promote a plurality of physiological metabolic processes and induce plant resistance when being used outside plants; the plant leachate is prepared according to a certain concentration proportion, has better ultraviolet absorption performance, has photoprotective effect on the peel and leaves of the Chinese dive tree, can provide nutrition for trees, is convenient to obtain materials, and is economical and applicable.
Preferably, the step S2.4.1: the altitude of the high mountain area is 1500 m, the altitude of the middle altitude low mountain hilly area is 800 m, the area with surrounding mountains and back shading in the west and south is selected for convenient traffic, and points are arranged according to the row spacing of 5m x 5 m; s2.5.1, the low-altitude migration area has an altitude of 175 meters.
The results are shown in fig. 1-3, in this example 1, the survival rate of the Chinese dive tree is protected by relocation 90%, and the flowering and fruiting rate is 80%.
Example 2
A method for protecting a migrating place of a Davidia involucrata Baill comprises the following steps:
s1: surveying before migrating of Chinese dive tree: surveying and detecting an original site of the Davidia involucrata Baill;
s2: step-by-step introduction and step-by-step transplantation are adopted;
s2.1 acclimating the living body Davidia involucrata plant in advance;
s2.2, transplanting the Chinese dive tree to dig up;
s2.3, digging up and pruning the Chinese dive tree;
s2.4 planting Davidia involucrata step by step (I):
s2.4.1: the first stage is as follows: transplanting from a high mountain area to a half high mountain area and transplanting to a medium-altitude low mountain and hilly area for planting and domesticating, selecting a region with surrounding mountains and back shading in the west and south, which is convenient for traffic, and arranging points according to the row spacing of 5m × 5 m;
s2.4.2: a root controller is adopted to construct a transplanting tree pool, and the diameter and the depth of the tree pool are larger than the diameter of a soil ball of the tree to be transplanted by 0.55 m;
s2.4.3: the planting adopts the process: laying a drainage layer in a tree pool of the root control device → laying a primary soil layer → hoisting a plant → returning a soil ball of the plant → laying nutrient soil around the soil ball for compaction → building tree support → irrigating root fixing water for preparing rooting liquid, wherein the root fixing water is 100 kg of water added by alcoholic solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder;
s2.5: planting Davidia involucrata step by step (II):
s2.5.1: and a second stage: transplanting from a semi-high mountain area or a low hilly area to a low-altitude migratory area for domestication 2 years after transplanting, managing and protecting in the first stage, wherein the planting time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant (11 months-12 months);
s2.5.2: before planting the Davidia involucrata Baill, treating soil of an immigration field, detecting the pH value, EC value content, organic matter type or other physical and chemical properties of the soil of the immigration field, and improving the soil, wherein the improvement method comprises the following steps: deeply ploughing the land with the depth of 75cm, improving the structure and physical and chemical properties of surrounding soil, increasing the porosity of the soil and reducing the density of the soil; hilling, wherein the air permeability of the sticky soil is poor, and the soil structure and the air permeability are improved by adding a proper amount of sandy soil; improving the foreign soil, uniformly mixing 1 part of humus, 0.25 part of biological bacterial fertilizer and 1 part of original soil (yellow brown soil), adjusting the pH value requirement to be met by the growth of the Davidia involucrata, preparing soil for backfilling planting holes according to the requirement of the original soil of the Davidia involucrata, and preparing the improved soil and the original soil according to the proportion of 1: 0.2;
s2.5.3: planting process: digging a planting hole in an emigration place (more than about 1m of a root control device tree pool), paving a drainage layer (with the thickness of 65cm weathering sand or primary gravel), paving a nutrient soil layer (with the thickness of 75cm prepared soil), hoisting a tree pool plant with the root control device, homing the plant (the position of a mark made at the breast diameter in the sunny direction is consistent with the position of a transplanting point), removing the root control device (the height of a soil ball is 10cm higher than the digging ground), paving nutrient soil around the soil ball, compacting, building a tree support, pruning dry branches, mechanically damaging branches, irrigating root fixing water for preparing a rooting liquid (adding 100 kg of water by using an alcohol solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder and water).
S2.5.4: planting a plurality of vegetation and associated tree species of an original growing land in the area after the migration of the Davidia involucrata, and creating an environment with a similar habitat of plants;
s3: managing and protecting Davidia involucrata after emigration:
and completing the protection of the migrating place of the Chinese dive tree.
Preferably, the step S1 of investigating content includes: the affected distribution range, the number of plants, the population structure, the growth condition and the in-situ protection condition of the Davidia involucrata; the average value of the altitude, the air humidity, the frost-free period of the whole year, the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in three years or other meteorological data of the original region of the migrated Davidia involucrata; identifying that the Davidia involucrata is suitable for growing in a shade slope or a sunny slope in the original place; selecting 3 soil samples from the original area of the Davidia involucrata Baill in the shade slope and the sunny slope respectively, and detecting the fertility and the pH value of the soil; physical character characteristics of the soil under the forest, chemical characteristics of the soil under the forest and activities of soil microorganisms under the forest are investigated so as to know physical, chemical and biological environmental conditions of the soil.
Preferably, said S2.1 comprises in particular the following steps:
s2.1.1: after leaves of Davidia involucrata in 11 months before the first 1 year of the relocation, marking the diameter of the breast in the direction towards the sun (south) by using lead oil, and trimming partial branches and leaves by adopting a retraction trimming method according to the growth condition, so that the nutrient consumption is reduced, and the trimming of broken ends can not be cut;
s2.1.2: drawing a pot-bottom-shaped annular ditch which is 55cm in circle and 75cm in depth around the distance which is 5-8 times the diameter of a trunk of a Chinese dive tree in a transplanted land for root cutting and lump shrinkage, adding 50 kg of water into an alcohol solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder, spraying moisture and spraying thoroughly in a root cutting area of the annular ditch;
s2.1.3: digging leaf rotting soil in the area around the Davidia involucrata distribution, filling 100 kg of water into the annular ditch, adding 100 kg of water into alcohol solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder, and culturing the massive growth of fibrous roots in the root cutting area at 15 days interval from the last treatment to promote the survival rate of the plants after the land is transplanted.
Preferably, the S2.2 transplanting Chinese dive hoisting specifically comprises the following steps:
s2.2.1: digging a Chinese dive tree which is cut off roots and contracted into lumps in advance for 1 year, wherein according to the growth habit of the Chinese dive tree in an original land, the digging time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant (11 months-12 months);
s2.2.2: the pot bottom-shaped digging ball at the periphery of the ring-shaped groove of the broken root and shrinkage lump protects the root system cultivated in the broken root area, the soil ball is wrapped by waste cotton cloth, and then the soil ball is bound by a special binding belt, so that the loss of the soil ball in transportation is reduced.
Preferably, the step S2.3 of digging up the Chinese dive tree for pruning includes the following steps:
s2.3.1: the pruning technology comprises the following steps: keeping tree shape and top end advantages unchanged, and retracting the whole crown by 1/3 branches; pruning crossed branches, diseased dead branches and overlapped branches;
s2.3.2: wound treatment: treating and wrapping with special plant wound smearing agent;
s2.3.3: processing a tree body: the sun cream is painted white from the trunk to the top end of the tree body, the tree body is wrapped by a degradable preservative film along the root part → the trunk → the top part after being dried, finally, the tree body is wrapped by a straw rope along the root part → the trunk → the mark is marked on the chest diameter part facing the sun (south) during wrapping.
Further preferably, in the step S2.3.3: the sunscreen cream comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of quicklime, 0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0.1 part of salt and 10 parts of water, and a titanium dioxide and zinc oxide mixed solution with the concentration of 250ppm is also included in the sunscreen cream, and the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide to the zinc oxide is 1: 0.8; the dissolving method comprises the following steps: dissolving titanium dioxide and zinc oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid, heating with water for 3 hr for full dissolution (pH value is adjusted to not generate precipitate) to obtain a solvent with a certain concentration, wherein the use concentration is 50-300 ppm; secondly, separately dissolving the quicklime and the copper sulfate by using water in sequence, and finally adding the mixed solution of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide for subsequent use.
Preferably, in the step S2.4.2, the tree pool is layered, and is provided with a drainage layer, a primary soil layer and a nutrient soil layer, wherein the drainage layer is paved by primary gravel with the thickness of 20-30cm and is used for timely drainage in heavy rain; the original soil layer is laid by using original soil of a digging field, the thickness of the original soil layer is 30-50cm, and the original soil layer is used for connecting the Chinese dive tree soil ball with the original soil; the nutrient soil layer is a prepared water-retaining, fertilizer-retaining and air-permeable composite nutrient matrix containing a nutrient, an organic biological bacterial fertilizer and the like, the weight ratio of the nutrient to the organic biological bacterial fertilizer to the original soil is 0.1:0.9:9, and the nutrient soil layer is used for filling and compacting the periphery of the planting soil ball.
Preferably, the step S3: the Davidia involucrata management and protection method after transplanting comprises the following steps:
s3.1, simulating an external growth environment of the Chinese dive tree, and building a sunshade net to prevent direct solar radiation in summer;
s3.2, installing miniature spray irrigation along the tree body, increasing air humidity, forming a microclimate environment of a germplasm resource garden, and enabling the Chinese dive tree to be suitable for the current growing environment;
s3.3, injecting and dripping nutrient solution into the trunk of the tree to rejuvenate the Chinese dive tree, wherein the dripped nutrient solution is bottled or bagged water solution which can be purchased in the market;
s3.4 treating the trunk to the top (not including lateral branches) in a high-temperature season (6-9 months): the sun-proof cream is applied to prepare the sun-proof cream (the same as above), and is applied once a month because of much rain in summer;
s3.5, branch tip and leaf treatment in high-temperature seasons: spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves;
s3.6 in other aspects, under the conditions of routine and transplanting maintenance, measures such as loosening soil, removing weeds, watering and the like are carried out regularly for maintenance management.
Preferably, said step S3.5: the sunscreen nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: the sunscreen nutrient solution comprises 100g of green tea extract 1 part, 200g of aloe extract 2 parts, 50g of scutellaria baicalensis extract 1 part, 50g of lithospermum erythrorhizon extract 1 part, and vitamin B2 with the concentration of 10 mg/L. 100g of green tea leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 100g of green tea in a container, adding 9000ml of pure water at 80 ℃ for soaking, putting in the container at 80 ℃ for leaching for 20 minutes, filtering, and carrying out constant volume standing for later use), 200g of aloe leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 200g of fresh aloe, cleaning, partitioning, crushing by using a juicer, filtering and carrying out juice standing for later use), 50g of scutellaria baicalensis leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 50g of scutellaria baicalensis, crushing in a container, adding 2000ml of water, decocting for 2 times, 30 minutes each time, filtering, carrying out constant volume standing for later use), 50g of lithospermum leachate (specific method of leachate, taking 50g of fresh lithospermum, cleaning, putting in a container, adding 2000ml of water, decocting for 1 time, 30 minutes, filtering, carrying out constant volume standing for later use), and 2/10mg/L of vitamin B. The riboflavin in the vitamin B2 can promote a plurality of physiological metabolic processes and induce plant resistance when being used outside plants; the plant leachate is prepared according to a certain concentration proportion, has better ultraviolet absorption performance, has photoprotective effect on the peel and leaves of the Chinese dive tree, can provide nutrition for trees, is convenient to obtain materials, and is economical and applicable.
Preferably, the step S2.4.1: the altitude of the high mountain area is 1100-1700 meters, the altitude of the middle-altitude low hilly area is 500-1000 meters, the traffic is convenient, and the points are placed in the west and south ring mountain back shading areas according to the row spacing of 5m × 5 m; s2.5.1, the low-altitude migration area has an altitude of 130-185 meters.
In the embodiment 2, the survival rate of the Chinese dive tree is protected by transplanting 95%, and the flowering and fruiting rate is 85%.
Based on example 2, in step S2.3.3, step S3.4 and step S3.5, a sunscreen nutrient solution and a "sunscreen cream" were used in combination, and a control group was set: other treatments are adopted: the tree trunk is white, and the leaves are not sprayed with nutrient solution. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of treatment of "Sun-screening nutrient solution" and "Sun-screening cream" of Davidia involucrata Baill with other treatments
As can be seen from Table 1, the combination of the sun-screening nutrient solution and the "sun-screening cream" can prevent and reduce the damage caused by high temperature. The light can be reflected, the absorption to thermal radiation is reduced, the heat energy is reduced, and the blade is prevented from being burnt; the protective layer can protect living cells and shade the trunk; zero mortality, poor growth 2 strains.
Based on the example 2, the sunburn injury grade is analyzed by adopting the independent treatment and the matching use of the sunscreen nutrient solution and the sunscreen cream. The injury rating is shown in Table 2, and the results are shown in tables 3-5.
TABLE 2 injury rating
Table 3 effect of sun-shading nutrient solution on growth of davidia involucrata (20 plants treated per group)
TABLE 4 Effect of "sunscreen cream" on growth of Davidia involucrata (20 plants treated per group)
Table 5 effect of sun-screen nutrient solution and "sun-screen cream" on growth of davidia involucrata (20 plants treated per group)
As can be seen from tables 3-5, the use of the sun-screening nutrient solution and the sun-screening cream can reduce the damage level of sunburn. The titanium dioxide and the zinc oxide have high chemical stability and strong shielding property to ultraviolet rays, and the damage of partial ultraviolet rays to trees is shielded through the reflection, refraction and scattering effects of the protective layer to the ultraviolet rays, and in addition, the using amount of the salt can be reduced. The riboflavin in the vitamin B2 can promote a plurality of physiological metabolic processes and induce plant resistance when being used in vitro; the plant leachate is prepared according to a certain concentration ratio, has good ultraviolet absorption performance, has photoprotective effect on skin and leaves of Davidia involucrata Baill, can provide nutrition for trees, is convenient to obtain materials, is economical and applicable
Example 3
Example 3: based on example 2, dextran was added to the sunscreen lotion in an amount of 0.5%, and the procedure was otherwise the same as in example 2. Spraying on the leaf surface. The specific operation is as follows: spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves; the spraying is not supplemented after rain. The rest is the same as example 2.
Example 2: s3.5, treating branches and leaves in high-temperature seasons, and spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves; the spraying can be supplemented after rain.
Comparative example 1: the other points are different from example 2: s3.5, treating branches and leaves in high-temperature seasons, and spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves; and after rain, the spraying is not supplemented according to the actual condition.
The results are shown in Table 6. As can be seen from Table 6, dextran is added into the components of the sunscreen nutrient solution, which is very viscous and can form a film with other components on the surface of leaves, so that the sunscreen nutrient solution can be prevented from being washed away by rainstorm in summer, and the action time is prolonged, so that the sunscreen nutrient solution can be protected from sun for a long time.
TABLE 6 Effect of different sunscreen nutrients on Davidia involucrata growth (20 plants treated per group)
Example 4
Based on the example 2, the salt in the sunscreen cream is replaced by sweet potato powder, and the rest is the same as the example 2. The attachment time of the sunscreen was observed.
TABLE 7 attachment time of sunscreen
| Treatment of | Attachment time |
| Example 2 | 2 months and 10 days, the brush is needed to be replenished |
| Example 4 | 3 months and 15 days, the brush is needed to be replenished |
It can be known from table 7 that the replacement of sweet potato powder for the salt component in the sunscreen cream can increase the attachment time, and in addition, the salt can be prevented from flowing into the land after being leached by rainwater, so that the salinization of the soil is accelerated.
While the invention has been described with reference to examples, the formulations used are not intended to be limiting. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms of formulations without departing from the spirit of the invention, the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the formulations set forth above, and therefore all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (8)
1. A method for protecting the relocation of Davidia involucrata Baill is characterized in that: the method aims at the wild Chinese dive tree needing to be protected within 5-20cm, and comprises the following steps:
s1: surveying before migrating of Chinese dive tree: surveying and detecting an original place of the Chinese dive tree;
s2: step-by-step introduction and step-by-step transplantation are adopted;
s2.1 acclimating the living body Davidia involucrata plant in advance;
s2.2, transplanting the Chinese dive tree to dig up;
s2.3, digging up and pruning the Chinese dive tree;
s2.4, planting Davidia involucrata step by step (I):
s2.4.1: the first stage is as follows: transplanting from a high mountain area to a half high mountain area and transplanting to a medium-altitude low mountain hilly area for planting and domesticating, selecting a region with convenient traffic, surrounding mountains and back shading in the west and south, and arranging points according to the row spacing of 5m × 5 m;
s2.4.2: adopting a root controller to construct a transplanting tree pool, wherein the diameter and the depth of the tree pool are larger than the diameter of a soil ball of the tree to be transplanted by 0.4-0.6 m;
s2.4.3: the planting adopts the process: laying a drainage layer in a tree pool of the root control device → laying a primary soil layer → lifting a plant → homing a soil ball of the plant → laying nutrient soil around the soil ball for compaction → building a tree support → irrigating root fixing water for preparing rooting liquid, wherein the root fixing water is 100 kg of water added by alcoholic solution containing 1 g of ABT3 rooting powder;
s2.5: planting Davidia involucrata step by step (II):
s2.5.1: and a second stage: transplanting from a semi-high mountain area or a low hilly area to a low-altitude migratory area for domestication 2 years after transplanting, managing and protecting in the first stage, wherein the planting time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant;
s2.5.2: before planting the Davidia involucrata Baill, treating soil of an immigration field, detecting the pH value, EC value content, organic matter type or other physical and chemical properties of the soil of the immigration field, and improving the soil, wherein the improvement method comprises the following steps: deeply ploughing the land with the depth of 60-80cm, improving the structure and physical and chemical properties of surrounding soil, increasing the porosity of the soil and reducing the density of the soil; hilling, wherein the air permeability of the sticky soil is poor, and the soil structure and the air permeability are improved by adding a proper amount of sandy soil; improving the foreign soil, uniformly mixing 1 part of humus, 0.1-0.3 part of biological bacterial fertilizer and 1 part of original soil, and adjusting the pH value requirement to be met by the growth of the Chinese dive tree;
s2.5.3: planting process: excavating a planting hole in an emigration place → paving a water drainage layer → paving a nutrient soil layer → hoisting a tree pool plant with a root controller → homing the plant → removing the root controller → paving nutrient soil around a soil ball for compaction → constructing tree support → pruning dry branches and mechanically damaging branches → irrigating and preparing rooting water of rooting liquid;
s2.5.4: planting a plurality of vegetation and associated tree species of an original growing land in the area after the migration of the Davidia involucrata, and creating an environment with a similar habitat of plants;
s3: and (4) managing and protecting Davidia involucrata after transplanting:
and completing the protection of the migrating place of the Chinese dive tree.
2. The method for protecting Chinese dive tree relocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: s2.2 the hoisting and digging of the Chinese dive tree comprises the following steps:
s2.2.1: digging a Chinese dive tree with a root cut and a lump reduced for 1 year in advance, wherein the digging time is carried out when all fallen leaves are dormant according to the growth habit of the Chinese dive tree in an original place;
s2.2.2: the pot bottom-shaped digging earth ball is arranged at the periphery of the ring-shaped ditch with the root broken and the lump contracted, the root system cultivated in the root broken area is protected, the earth ball is wrapped by waste cotton cloth, and then the earth ball is bound by a special binding belt, so that the loss of the earth ball in transportation is reduced.
3. The method for protecting Chinese dive tree relocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S2.3 of digging up the Chinese dive tree for pruning comprises the following steps:
s2.3.1: the pruning technology comprises the following steps: keeping tree shape and top end advantages unchanged, retracting the whole crown by 1/3 branches; pruning cross branches, ill branches and overlapped branches;
s2.3.2: wound treatment: treating and wrapping with special plant wound smearing agent;
s2.3.3: processing a tree body: the sun cream is painted white along the trunk to the top end of the tree body, a degradable preservative film is used for wrapping the tree body after the tree body is dried along the rhizome part → the trunk → the top part, finally a straw rope is used for wrapping the tree body along the rhizome part → the trunk → the wrapping is carried out, and marks are marked on the breast diameter in the sun (south) direction during wrapping.
4. The method for protecting the relocation of a Chinese dive tree according to claim 3, wherein: in said step S2.3.3: the sunscreen cream comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-0.6 part of quicklime, 0.3-0.6 part of copper sulfate, 0.05-0.15 part of common salt, 8-12 parts of water, and a titanium dioxide and zinc oxide mixed solution which is also included in the sunscreen cream and has the concentration of 50-300ppm, wherein the mass ratio of the titanium dioxide to the zinc oxide is 1 (0.5-1); the dissolving method comprises the following steps: dissolving titanium dioxide and zinc oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid, heating with water for 3 hr to dissolve completely (adjusting pH value to avoid precipitation), and preparing for use with a concentration of 50-300 ppm; secondly, separately dissolving the quicklime and the copper sulfate by using water in sequence, and finally adding a mixed solution of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide for subsequent use.
5. The method for protecting the relocation of a Chinese dive tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2.4.2, the tree pool is arranged in layers, a drainage layer, a primary soil layer and a nutrient soil layer are arranged, the drainage layer is paved by primary ground gravel, the thickness is 20-30cm, and the tree pool is used for timely drainage in heavy rain; the primary soil layer is formed by laying primary soil of a digging place, the thickness of the primary soil layer is 30-50cm, and the primary soil layer is used for connecting a Chinese dive tree soil ball with the primary soil; the nutrient soil layer is a prepared water-retaining, fertilizer-retaining and air-permeable composite nutrient medium containing a nutrient agent and an organic biological bacterial fertilizer, the weight ratio of the nutrient agent to the organic biological bacterial fertilizer to the original soil is 0.1:0.9:9, and the nutrient soil layer is used for filling and compacting the periphery of the planting soil ball.
6. The method for protecting Chinese dive tree relocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S3: the Chinese dive tree management and protection after emigration comprises the following steps:
s3.1, simulating an external growth environment of the Chinese dive tree, and building a sunshade net to prevent direct solar radiation in summer;
s3.2, installing a miniature spray irrigation along the tree body, increasing the air humidity, forming a microclimate environment of a germplasm resource garden, and enabling the Chinese dive tree to be suitable for the current growing environment;
s3.3, the tree trunk is injected and dripped with nutrient solution to rejuvenate the transplanted Chinese dive tree, and the dripped nutrient solution is bottled or bagged water solution which can be purchased in the market;
s3.4 treatment from the trunk to the top (without lateral branches) in 6-9 months in high-temperature season: the sun cream is applied and prepared (the same as above), and is applied once a month because of much rain in summer;
s3.5, branch tip and leaf treatment in high-temperature seasons: spraying sun-proof nutrient solution on the branches and leaves;
and S3.6 under the conventional and transplanting maintenance conditions, regularly performing measures such as soil loosening, weed removing, watering and the like to perform maintenance management on other aspects.
7. The method for protecting Chinese dive tree relocation according to claim 6, wherein: step S3.5: the sunscreen nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of green tea extract 100g, 1.5-2.5 parts of aloe extract 200g, 0.5-1.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis extract 50g, 0.5-1.5 parts of lithospermum extract 50g, and the sunscreen nutrient solution also comprises vitamin B2, wherein the concentration of the vitamin B2 is 8-14 mg/L.
8. The method for protecting Chinese dive tree relocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S2.4.1: the altitude of the high mountain area is 1100-1700 meters, the altitude of the middle-altitude low hilly area is 500-1000 meters, the traffic is convenient, and the points are placed in the west and south ring hill shading areas according to the row spacing of 5m x 5 m; s2.5.1, the low-altitude migration area has an altitude of 130-185 meters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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