CN107372019A - A kind of big tree transplanting method - Google Patents
A kind of big tree transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107372019A CN107372019A CN201710785569.7A CN201710785569A CN107372019A CN 107372019 A CN107372019 A CN 107372019A CN 201710785569 A CN201710785569 A CN 201710785569A CN 107372019 A CN107372019 A CN 107372019A
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- soil
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- soil ball
- frozen
- big tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of big tree transplanting method; belong to municipal works field; after the transplanting soil ball outer surface injection water of the big tree; using refrigerant one layer of frozen coating is formed in soil ball outer surface; protected successively using plank from top to bottom in soil ball frozen coating periphery in mining process, eventually form guard box, transplanted after lifting, carrying; removing guard box and frozen coating, backfill.During big tree, it can prevent that original the scattered of tree root soil collapses during excavating soil ball, destroys the integrality of soil ball in the soil containing a large amount of sandy loams, gravel or cobble by using this method establiss, can prevent from damaging feeding root, the survival rate set greatly can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation method, more particularly to a kind of big tree transplanting method, belong to municipal public engineering field.
Background technology
In highway, railway road construction, house property exploitation, the development ＆ construction of industrial zone, it is often necessary to the shifting set greatly
Plant, be building site " giving way ", or improve urban afforestation grade, improve human settlement, play the ecological functions of ornamental trees and shrubs with
Landscape effect, therefore, just have fragmentary scattered transplanting big tree to city from rural area, countryside, mountain forest and other places.These are scattered big
To set because tree body is high, the age of tree is long, Root Distribution scope is deep and broad, has in being managed after excavating, transplant, plant, plant and acquires a certain degree of difficulty,
It is easy to phenomena such as root system is injured, and tree body dehydration, seedling-slowing stage is grown, and manages and protects difficulty easily occur, causes to set survival rate greatly generally not
Height, some grown decades or even upper century-old big tree dies during transplanting.
In the big tree of transplanting, those are grown in containing the big tree in a large amount of sandy loams or gravel, cobble soil, there is individual protrusion
The characteristics of be that horizontal root, perpendicular root are clearly demarcated, horizontal root is huge and is distributed in topsoil, and it is deeper that perpendicular root is slightly implanted into soil layer, in " fourth " font
Shape.In tree root, a large amount of feeding roots are generated by horizontal root, and are moved in the soil around horizontal root, are absorbed nutrient and are grown for big tree,
These feeding roots are but very fragile, the changing of the relative positions of surrounding soil block, peel off the damage that can cause these feeding roots.
The big tree being grown in sandy loam or gravel, cobble, because soil texture is loose, more hold when excavating, taking out soil ball
The incident changing of the relative positions, peeling, in addition whole soil ball it is scattered collapse, collapse it is broken.Feeding root large area is caused to damage, the survival rate set greatly is not
It is high.How to ensure the survival rate of such big tree transplanting is an existing big problem during big tree transplanting.
The content of the invention
For big tree, existing soil ball easily dissipates the integrality for soil ball of collapsing, destroy during excavating, taking out soil ball, greatly
The big tree feeding root of amount damage, reduce set greatly the problems such as surviving, the present invention provides a kind of big tree transplanting method, and this method is to pass through
The big tree tree ball surrounding soil of freezing is excavated after forming frozen soil shell, and soil ball is carried out after excavation and is fixed.The purpose is to ensure to excavate
During tree root soil ball integrality, prevent from too damaging feeding root and tree root, improve the survival rate of big tree transplanting.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of big tree transplanting method, including the excavation, transplanting, carrying, transplanting, big set greatly
Tree is fixed, backfill, final-period management, it is as follows to be grown in the implantation method set greatly in sandy loam or gravel, cobble：
1）Before big tree is excavated, first have to draw soil ball line, freezing layer line and excavation portion line on the ground, shape can be circular
It can also be polygon；
2）Excavation portion line outer peripheral lines determine according to 8-10 times of great Shu bottoms trunk diameter（It is generally 6-8 times）, big
The circle drawn on tree surrounding ground starts to excavate downwards in polygon excavation portion, waits thick root（Root containing xylem）Substantially
When reducing or disappearing, terminate first layer and excavate；
3）After first layer excavation terminates, the rapid soil ball periphery excavated with plank or the protection of other hard material support columns, and
Fixation is solid, formation upper strata guard box, and loose position or clearance portion are tamped with hay in the guard box case of upper strata；
4）Water injection pipe is started with centered on trunk greatly from the second layer, and according to identical angle, first rear-inclined inserts trunk
In frozen coating soil in the range of 6-8 times of periphery 8-15cm of diameter, water at low temperature is injected, forms mud, aqueous mixtures；
5）By the tubular structure of reaction vessel bottom centered on trunk greatly, according to identical angle, in first rear-inclined insertion
State annular mud, multiple points in aqueous mixtures, refrigerant is added in reaction vessel, refrigerant is reacted in reactor, across
Reaction vessel lower tubular structure absorbs mud, the heat of aqueous mixtures, frozen coating is become the frozen soil shell for having some strength；
6）Soil ball then is excavated along the outer rim of frozen soil shell, excavating depth is less than or equal to frozen soil shell depth；
7）Two layers of periphery of soil ball are excavated with plank or the protection of other hard material support columns again, and fixation is solid, is formed
Second layer guard box, loose position or clearance portion are tamped with hay in second layer guard box case；
8）One or more water fillings, freezing, excavation, banding fixed, the cyclic process of plank protection are carried out again, from top to bottom soil ball
The gradually extension linear shrinkage to trunk center vertically downward, until the completion of whole soil ball, then the guard box of each layer is longitudinally tied
Prick, be fixed, forming a complete guard box；
9）Implement conventional balling-up, transport, plant, big tree fixation；
10）In the new tree well of plant, guard box is opened successively from bottom to top, clear up soil ball appearance frozen soil successively, and clean out
Tree well；
11）After back-filling in layers, being irrigated with warm water makes big usage tree root recover normal temperature；
Further, the refrigerant is ammonium nitrate and any one in water, barium hydroxide and ammonium chloride or liquid nitrogen；
Further, the soil ball line periphery is frozen coating, and frozen coating periphery is excavation portion；
Further, the reaction vessel is canister, and reaction vessel bottom is the sealed tubular structure isolated with soil, top
For the refrigerant system receiver of opening, connected between tubular structure and refrigerant system receiver；
Further, the water injection pipe is metal tube, and metal tube inserts end part seal, and metal tube periphery or side are provided with multiple
Water injection hole.
The good effect that the present invention has is：By setting frozen coating in tree root soil ball periphery, tree root soil ball can be prevented
Be scattered, be advantageous to keep to set greatly original soil texture stabilization and root system it is complete, be advantageous to excavate, be more beneficial for transplanting
Survival rate；By setting tree root soil ball protection case in tree root soil ball periphery, be advantageous to the lifting, carrying, transplanting set greatly, can prevent
Tree root soil ball is destroyed in lifting, transport, migration process, it can be ensured that original soil texture, soil constituent, it is possible to increase transplanting
The fitness to soil of big tree afterwards, it is advantageously ensured that the success rate of transplanting；Reaction vessel bottom is the sealing isolated with soil
Tubular structure, refrigerant Polluted Soil ball clay earth can be prevented；Contain a large amount of sandy loams, gravel or ovum to being grown on by using this method
The transplanting set greatly in the soil of stone, it can prevent that original the scattered of tree root soil collapses during excavating soil ball, destroys the complete of soil ball
Property, it can prevent from damaging feeding root, destroy root system, the survival rate set greatly can be improved.
Brief description of the drawings
The big tree tree root surface soil balls of Fig. 1, excavation portion, the structure chart of frozen part.
Section structure diagram in the big tree mining processes of Fig. 2.
The structural representation of Fig. 3 reaction vessels.
The structural representation of Fig. 4 water injection pipes.
Embodiment
Referring to the drawings, just the embodiment of the present invention illustrates.
Label declaration：10- trunks, 11- soil balls upper surface, 12- frozen coatings, 13- excavations portion, 14- injection points or tubulose knot
Structure insertion point, 20- soil balls, 21- guard boxs, 30- tubular structures, 31- refrigerant system receivers, 40- water injection pipes, 41- water injection holes.
A kind of the technical scheme is that method of transplant big tree.It is big for being grown in sandy loam or gravel, cobble
The method that tree carries out big tree transplanting using soil ball extexine is freezed.
Transplant big tree is suitably in spring progress, big tree transplanting, and the first implantation method according to routine is on ground with trunk 10
8-10 times of 10 diameter of a diameter of big tree trunk including frozen coating 12 is drawn centered on center（General excavated diameter is trunk
6-8 times of 10）The excavation portion outer peripheral lines of the periphery of soil ball 20, shape can be that circle can also be polygon.
The circle or polygon of big tree surrounding ground include the line of frozen coating 12, and frozen coating periphery is the line of excavation portion 13.
Construction is general be scheduled on evening temperature close to the same day it is most cold when, northern temperature is at 0 DEG C or so during Treeplanting Day.First with normal
Rule method is excavated in excavation portion, until thick root is less or region without thick root, with plank or the protection digging of other hard materials
The tree ball periphery excavated, and plank fixed solid, forms the upper strata of guard box 21, loose in case or have clearance portion to be filled out with hay
It is real.
Then the thickness of frozen coating 12 is selected according to refrigerant situation and soil regime.Along the periphery of frozen coating 12, note is utilized
Water pipe 40 is uniformly slowly injected into cold water to soil layer 12 is freezed, and ensures that water can uniformly penetrate into freezing zone without being seeped into soil ball 20, makes
Freeze the upper strata of soil layer 12 and form mud, aqueous mixtures.
The water injection pipe 40 is metal tube, and metal tube insertion end part seal, metal tube periphery or side are provided with multiple notes
Water hole 41.
Then by the priority of tubular structure 30 of reaction vessel bottom according to certain angle equably to the center line of trunk 10
The direction of extended line vertically downward tilt insertion, reaction dissolvent add reaction vessel in is reacted, cooled down by isolation method
Frozen coating, refrigerant is allowed mud mixture to be frozen into the frozen soil shell of some strength, 14 be that injection point or tubular structure insert
Point.
The reaction vessel is canister, and reaction vessel bottom is the sealed tubular structure 30 isolated with soil, top
For the refrigerant system receiver 31 of opening, connected between tubular structure 30 and refrigerant system receiver 31.
Deng frozen soil shell intensity reach requirement after, outside the soil layer freezed in 12 excavation portions 13 start downwards excavate, excavate
Depth is less than or equal to frozen soil shell depth frozen soil shell, and after having dug, topsoil is protected with plank or other hard material support columns
The periphery of ball 20, and plank is fixed to solid, formation upper strata guard box, place that is loose or having gap is used dry in the guard box case of upper strata
Grass tamps.
The banding fixed of water filling, freezing, excavation and plank through repeatedly circulating, until whole soil ball 20 is completed.
Then the guard box of each layer is longitudinally tied up and is fixed into a complete guard box 21.Balling-up, fortune according to a conventional method
It is defeated, fixed in planting point, from bottom to top successively open guard box 21, frozen soil is cleaned out tree well.After layering is tamped, poured with warm water
Big usage tree root is set to recover normal temperature thoroughly.Because the ventilative deficiency of tree root in whole process, temperature are relatively low, it is necessary to quickly complete.
Embodiment
Below by examples of implementation, the present invention will be described in detail, is grown in sandy loam or gravel, cobble and sets greatly
Implantation method.
Certain influence is brought to construction sometimes in an ancient tree of construction area, it is difficult to carry out large-area construction, must
It must be transplanted to outside construction area, and need to ensure that it is survived.
Husky territory is grown in, the soil is porous, there are a large amount of soil blocks to sweep along by usual way excavation great Shu Tushu clubs and seeks
Foster root comes off, and causes feeding root mass lesions, big tree transplanting survival rate is affected.
To ensure that sets greatly survives, suitable new planting-site is selected, it is ensured that the soil regime of new planting-site, illumination bar
The factors such as part, miniclimate are similar with removing, and the direction set greatly is rear identical before transplantation.The Season select of transplanting is in the early spring, plant
Before and after burl.
Fig. 1 is big tree tree root surface soil ball 20, frozen coating 12, the structure chart for excavating hole position.Fig. 2 is that big tree was excavated
Section structure diagram in journey.In figure, 10 be trunk, and 11 be soil ball upper surface, for convenience of the transport that ball is fixed and set greatly is set,
The shape of soil ball 20 including frozen coating is set as that horizontal root region is cuboid, 8-10 times of long and wide respectively root footpath,
Highly depending on the distribution of root system, depth direction is with to loseing main root and thick root（Root containing xylem）It is defined, generally 80-
120 centimetres.In the present embodiment, lower part is multiaspect cone, the frozen coating 12 of 10 centimetres of 20 periphery of soil ball, and the height of soil ball 20 is
Long or wide 2/3 or so is generally plus the height of upper zone.
To establishing pillar greatly before excavating, steady trees are propped up, ensure the firm of mining process.First routinely chi before excavation soil ball 20
The very little contour line for marking soil ball 20, the length of side of soil ball 20 respectively increase 10cm as frozen coating 12 again outside.Finished Deng first layer excavation, it is right
Form the periphery of soil ball 20 to be protected with plank, stitch fixation is solid, formation guard box 21, and loose portion or clearance portion are used dry in case
Grass tamps.
For area below, because main root and big root are on the low side, sandy soil, which easily come off, causes feeding root to damage, and can not freeze
On the basis of tree root, using the good container of heat conductivility as reaction vessel, frozen coating 12, which is frozen into one, with refrigerant has
The frozen soil shell of some strength, increase intensity are beneficial to excavate.
When excavating big tree, selection of time is when temperature is relatively low at night, due to the lowest temperature northern before and after Treeplanting Day
At 0 DEG C or so, be advantageous to freezing for soil.To be shut first with bottom, periphery or side offer the water injection pipe 40 of water injection hole 41,
0 DEG C of water is uniformly injected into frozen coating 12, forms mud, aqueous mixtures, ensures that cold water does not enter 20 in soil ball 20 as far as possible.This reality
Apply in example, the length of water injection pipe is in 35cm.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of water injection pipe, in the present embodiment, the water injection pipe 40
For metal tube, water injection pipe 40 inserts end part seal, and the periphery of water injection pipe 40 or side are provided with multiple water injection holes 41.
Then the freezing of frozen coating is carried out, according to the minimum principle of cost, the method for water reaction is dissolved in using ammonium nitrate, anti-
Answer and ammonium nitrate and water are added in container, by the way that the part of tubular metal structure 30 is inserted in mud, aqueous mixtures, tubular metal structure
30 parts under isolation, absorb with mud, aqueous mixtures, aqueous mixtures heat carrys out freezing soil, and can mix mud, water
Thing is frozen into the frozen soil shell of some strength.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reaction vessel.The reaction vessel for good heat conductivity metal material make and
Into reaction vessel bottom is the tubular structure 30 of end part seal, and top is refrigerant system receiver 31, tubular structure and refrigerant system receiver
Connected between 31, there is no lid on reaction vessel, be easy to the operation such as stirring.In the present embodiment, reactant employs ammonium nitrate
And water, reaction vessel are the good brass material of heat conduction, ammonium nitrate is added in reaction vessel makes it be dissolved in water, tubular structure 31
It is mutually isolated between periphery and soil, it can prevent reactant from penetrating into soil ball periphery, the pollution of environment can be avoided.When implementing freezing,
First, ammonium nitrate is first added in reaction vessel, adds water, see soil freezing situation after stirring, if insufficient strength, extracted
Continue to dissolve ammonium nitrate in container after falling ammonium nitrate solution, reach requirement until freezing intensity, it is molten to extract the ammonium nitrate returned
Liquid is continuing with after can reclaiming.
When water injection pipe 40 and the tubular structure of reaction vessel lower end 30 insert frozen coating 12, bottom is vertical to great Shu centers
Downward extended line direction tilts, and carries out multiple spot water filling among ring-type frozen coating 12 according to identical angle and cooling muddy water mixes
Compound, 14 be injection point or the insertion point of tubular structure 30.
After reaching intensity, down excavated along frozen coating 12, excavating depth is less than or equal to the enclosure depth of freezing, with plank or
The soil ball periphery that the protection of other hard material support columns has been excavated, and banding fixed, formation guard box 21, in case loosely or between having
Tamped with hay in the place of gap.
Water filling, freezing, excavation and the banding fixed of next round are carried out again, until whole soil ball 20 is completed.Then each layer
The longitudinal direction of guard box 21 tie up and be fixed into a complete guard box 21.
Lifted, transported and fixed to new plant place in a conventional manner later, then remove soil ball protection case 21, returned
Before banketing, the frozen soil on the surface of soil ball 20 removes planting pit, and successively backfill, which finishes, will irrigate a warm water, soil near root system
Temperature recovers normal.
Barium hydroxide and chlorine also can be used in addition to the above-mentioned ammonium nitrate used is dissolved in water method in described refrigerant
Change the outer endothermic reaction such as ammonium, liquid nitrogen cooling or but the methods of freezed.
The present invention can prevent being scattered for soil ball 20, be advantageous to keep original by setting frozen coating 12 in the periphery of soil ball 20
Soil or structure, be advantageous to transplant, be more beneficial for transplanting survival rate；By setting soil ball protection case in the periphery of soil ball 20
21, be advantageous to the lifting, carrying, transplanting set greatly, can prevent from destroying tree root soil ball 20 in lifting, transport, migration process, can be true
Protect original soil texture, soil constituent, it is possible to increase after transplanting big tree to the fitness of soil, it is advantageously ensured that transplanting into
Power；Reaction vessel bottom is the sealed tubular structure isolated with soil, can prevent refrigerant Polluted Soil ball clay earth；By using
This method is carried out to being grown on the transplanting set greatly in the soil containing a large amount of sandy loams, gravel or cobble, can prevent from excavating soil ball
Original the scattered of tree root soil collapses during 20, destroys the integrality of soil ball 20, can prevent from damaging feeding root, destroy root system, can
Improve the survival rate set greatly.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of big tree transplanting method, including excavation, transplanting, carrying, transplanting, big tree fixation, the backfill set greatly, final-period management,
It is characterized in that：It is as follows to be grown in the implantation method set greatly in sandy loam or gravel, cobble：
1）Before big tree is excavated, first have to draw soil ball line, freezing layer line and excavation portion line on the ground, shape can be circular
It can also be polygon；
2）Excavation portion line outer peripheral lines determine according to 8-10 times of great Shu bottoms trunk diameter（It is generally 6-8 times）, big
The circle drawn on tree surrounding ground starts to excavate downwards in polygon excavation portion, waits thick root（Root containing xylem）Substantially
When reducing or disappearing, terminate first layer and excavate；
3）After first layer excavation terminates, the rapid soil ball periphery excavated with plank or the protection of other hard material support columns, and
Fixation is solid, formation upper strata guard box, and loose position or clearance portion are tamped with hay in the guard box case of upper strata；
4）Water injection pipe is started with centered on trunk greatly from the second layer, and according to identical angle, first rear-inclined inserts trunk
In frozen coating soil in the range of 6-8 times of periphery 8-15cm of diameter, water at low temperature is injected, forms mud, aqueous mixtures；
5）By the tubular structure of reaction vessel bottom centered on trunk greatly, according to identical angle, in first rear-inclined insertion
State annular mud, multiple points in aqueous mixtures, refrigerant is added in reaction vessel, refrigerant is reacted in reactor, across
Reaction vessel lower tubular structure absorbs mud, the heat of aqueous mixtures, frozen coating is become the frozen soil shell for having some strength；
6）Soil ball then is excavated along the outer rim of frozen soil shell, excavating depth is less than or equal to frozen soil shell depth；
7）Two layers of periphery of soil ball are excavated with plank or the protection of other hard material support columns again, and fixation is solid, is formed
Second layer guard box, loose position or clearance portion are tamped with hay in second layer guard box case；
8）One or more water fillings, freezing, excavation, banding fixed, the cyclic process of plank protection are carried out again, from top to bottom soil ball
The gradually extension linear shrinkage to trunk center vertically downward, until the completion of whole soil ball, then the guard box of each layer is longitudinally tied
Prick, be fixed, forming a complete guard box；
9）Implement conventional balling-up, transport, plant, big tree fixation；
10）In the new tree well of plant, guard box is opened successively from bottom to top, clear up soil ball appearance frozen soil successively, and clean out
Tree well；
11）After back-filling in layers, being irrigated with warm water makes big usage tree root recover normal temperature.
A kind of 2. big tree transplanting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The refrigerant be ammonium nitrate and water,
Any one in barium hydroxide and ammonium chloride or liquid nitrogen.
A kind of 3. big tree transplanting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soil ball line periphery is frozen coating,
Frozen coating periphery is excavation portion.
A kind of 4. big tree transplanting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The reaction vessel is canister,
Reaction vessel bottom is the sealed tubular structure isolated with soil, and top is the refrigerant system receiver of opening, tubular structure and freezing
Connected between agent container.
A kind of 5. big tree transplanting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water injection pipe is metal tube, metal
Pipe inserts end part seal, and metal tube periphery or side are provided with multiple water injection holes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710785569.7A CN107372019A (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | A kind of big tree transplanting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710785569.7A CN107372019A (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | A kind of big tree transplanting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107372019A true CN107372019A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
Family
ID=60348967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710785569.7A Pending CN107372019A (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | A kind of big tree transplanting method |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN107372019A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111357600A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-03 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Root removal container and use method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101715709A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-06-02 | 大庆石油管理局 | Method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to north of Shenyang |
| CN102511357A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Tree transplanting method in freezing season |
-
2017
- 2017-09-04 CN CN201710785569.7A patent/CN107372019A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101715709A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-06-02 | 大庆石油管理局 | Method for introducing maidenhair trees to areas to north of Shenyang |
| CN102511357A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Tree transplanting method in freezing season |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111357600A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-03 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Root removal container and use method thereof |
| CN111357600B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-05 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Root removal container and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171124 |