CN116114546A - Water and soil conservation and re-greening method for alpine region - Google Patents
Water and soil conservation and re-greening method for alpine region Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/10—Pre-cultivated sod or turf; Apparatus therefor
- A01G20/18—Apparatus for laying sods or turfs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water and soil conservation and greening method in alpine regions, which relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and comprises the steps of collecting and processing turf and surface soil before site construction, re-paving the processed surface soil in the site after the site construction is finished, and re-paving the turf on the surface soil after maintenance treatment; adopting ecological concrete to integrate the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field to form a water and soil conservation layer; selecting seedlings of a plurality of specific plant varieties, and planting the seedlings on the water and soil conservation layer. By collecting turf and surface soil on the original field and re-paving the turf and surface soil when the field is repaired after maintenance, the problems of insufficient turf paving quantity and low survival rate are solved, and the risk of species invasion is reduced; the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field are connected into a whole by adopting ecological concrete to form a water and soil conservation layer, so that the field has strong anti-scouring performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to a water and soil conservation and greening method in alpine regions.
Background
The engineering water and soil loss refers to engineering construction disturbance of the earth surface and destruction of vegetation, erosion substances such as soil, gravel and the like are stripped and carried under the drive of rainfall or catchment above, and finally the erosion substances flow out of the range of a project construction area.
Compared with the traditional water and soil loss, the engineering water and soil loss has the following characteristics; (1) the cross-regional range is large (especially linear engineering), the water and soil loss types are various, such as surface erosion, trench erosion, gravity erosion and the like, and an erosion chain of 'surface erosion, trench erosion and gravity erosion' is easy to form; (2) the erosion modulus is large, and the construction period is even as high as tens of thousands of t/(km) 2 A) far exceeds the very strong erosion strength standard, and the differences between different construction areas are significant; (3) the waste soil and slag amount is large, and geological disasters frequently occur; (4) the influence of human activities is great.
Especially in the alpine region, ecological environment is fragile and is easily damaged, and due to the economic development requirement, when engineering construction is carried out in the alpine region, soil and vegetation are directly damaged, and the originally fragile ecological environment is difficult to recover once being damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a water and soil conservation and greening method in the alpine region, so as to solve the problems of high water and soil conservation construction difficulty and difficult survival of plants after engineering construction in the alpine region.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the application provides a water and soil conservation and greening method in alpine regions, which comprises the following steps:
collecting and treating turf and surface soil before site construction, re-paving the treated surface soil in the site after the site construction is finished, and re-paving the turf on the surface soil after maintenance treatment;
adopting ecological concrete to integrate the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field to form a water and soil conservation layer;
selecting seedlings of a plurality of specific plant varieties, and planting the seedlings on the water and soil conservation layer.
In some alternative embodiments, the turf and topsoil is collected and treated prior to site construction, including:
stripping the original turf of the field;
setting up a plateau turf storage area to store the peeled turf, covering the turf with a dense mesh net, pressing the turf, and sprinkling water to maintain the turf regularly;
and cleaning the surface of the field in different areas, stripping and collecting the surface soil, and storing the surface soil and the turf separately.
In some alternative embodiments, a plurality of seedlings of specific plant varieties are selected, and after the seedlings are planted in the field, moisture and heat preservation measures are required for the seedlings.
In some alternative embodiments, the moisture-preserving and heat-preserving measures are taken for the seedlings, including:
selecting stone blocks with the diameter of-cm on site after seedling planting, and covering the stone blocks on the whole hole surface of the pot bottom shape by taking the seedling as the center;
covering the hole surface with colorless transparent film, and punching holes in the film to facilitate rainwater penetration into the hole;
covering the periphery of the above-mentioned seedling with weed, wheat straw and leaf, etc.
In some alternative embodiments, after the seedlings of a plurality of specific plant varieties are planted in the field, the field is identified in situ and a three-dimensional model is built, and the displacement condition of the soil and water conservation layer is monitored in real time.
In some optional embodiments, monitoring the displacement of the soil and water conservation layer in real time includes arranging surface deformation measuring points in a set area of the field, and observing the displacement of the surface measuring points of the soil and water conservation layer by a corner intersection method.
In some alternative embodiments, the site is identified in situ and a three-dimensional model is built, and the deep deformation condition of the site, the osmotic water pressure condition of the site and the seepage flow condition of the site are monitored in real time.
In some alternative embodiments, monitoring in real time the deep deformation condition of the site, the osmotic water pressure condition of the site, and the seepage flow condition of the site includes:
drilling holes in the key section of the field vertically to embed inclinometer pipes so as to monitor the deep deformation conditions of the field and flood control drainage engineering;
arranging a water-permeable flower pipe at the bottom of the field so as to monitor the change condition of the water pressure of the inside of the field;
and utilizing a water measuring weir at the bottom of the field to monitor the leakage quantity of the field.
In some alternative embodiments, when the slope of the field is less than 60 °, a plant bag is laid on the surface soil.
In some alternative embodiments, the treated topsoil is re-laid in the field, including, for example, erosion-resistant soil-retaining and soil-fattening the topsoil to enhance erosion resistance of the topsoil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: by collecting turf and surface soil on the original field and re-paving the turf and surface soil when the field is repaired after maintenance, the problems of insufficient turf paving quantity and low survival rate are solved, and the risk of species invasion is reduced; multiple specific plant varieties are selected for configuration planting so as to adapt to planting environments in alpine regions, and the early-stage greening effect and the later-stage vegetation slope protection function are taken into consideration, so that three-dimensional restoration is realized; the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field are connected into a whole by adopting ecological concrete to form the water and soil conservation layer, so that the field has strong anti-scouring performance and combines the dual functions of slope stability and ecological landscape.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for water and soil conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the application provides a water and soil conservation and greening method in alpine regions, which comprises the following steps:
s1: and collecting and treating the turf and the surface soil before site construction, re-paving the treated surface soil in the site after the site construction is finished, and re-paving the turf on the surface soil after maintenance treatment.
In some alternative embodiments, step S1 comprises:
s11: and stripping the original turf of the field.
Before the site is subjected to engineering construction, the original turf on the site is peeled, and the root system of the turf is ensured to be complete as much as possible during peeling.
S12: the peeled sod is stored in a storage area for storing the sod, and the sod is pressed and maintained by sprinkling water periodically after being covered by a dense mesh net.
It can be understood that the storage of the turf should consider the environmental influence of high and cold in the plateau, and to improve the survival rate of the turf, the turf should be regularly maintained by sprinkling water, and the death of the turf caused by overlong stacking time, improper storage ecological area, improper subgradicular soil, improper root soil protection and the like is avoided.
S13: and cleaning the surface of the field in different areas, stripping and collecting the surface soil, and storing the surface soil and the turf separately.
The surface soil is a storage carrier of a plant seed warehouse, and has high nutrient content, especially for severe cold areas and fragile plant population, so that in the construction surface cleaning process, areas are divided, and surface cleaning construction is performed step by step, so that the problem of larger damage range caused by surface cleaning at one time is solved. And after the surface cleaning is finished, stripping and collecting surface soil in the field, and screening impurities in the surface soil to improve the survival rate of the follow-up grass re-planted on the surface soil and the planting of the seedlings. Soft soil layers, silt, humus soil, cobble, boulder, garbage, tree roots, wet soil of paddy fields, frozen soil and the like which are not suitable for growing turf and seedlings are removed by screening.
In some alternative embodiments, after the site construction is finished, the surface soil collected by the original site is paved in the site again, and the turf on the original site is paved on the surface soil again, when the quantity of the turf is insufficient and the paving effect is poor, a method of combining paving and sowing can be adopted, so that the turf covering effect of the site can be improved.
Especially for the side slope zone, the mode of lattice planting and fiber blanket can be adopted when the turf is planted. The slope anchoring mode of the concrete frame lattice beam is adopted, the soil engineering lattice chamber is embedded in the concrete frame lattice beam, the surface soil is paved in the soil engineering lattice chamber, then the turf, seeds and nutrient substances are mixed to form a plant fiber blanket, and the plant fiber blanket is paved in the soil engineering lattice chamber, so that the water and soil loss can be reduced, and the survival rate of the turf and the planting quality of the turf can be improved.
In some alternative embodiments, when the slope of the field is less than 60 °, a plant bag is laid on the surface soil.
Specifically, the planting soil after manual screening is bagged to form a planting bag, and the planting bag is piled on the surface soil, so that the bottom of the planting bag is tightly contacted with the basal plane of the surface soil, the exposed area of the surface of the planting bag is reduced, and the root rooting depth of grass roots in a side slope zone is increased.
It can be understood that the planting soil has good physical and chemical properties, loose structure, ventilation, strong water and fertilizer retention capability and is suitable for the soil for plant growth. If the planting soil is not used, the raw soil and the organic fertilizer or the compound fertilizer can be used for replacing, and fine sand can be added when the viscosity is too high. The plant-growing bags are mutually overlapped and stacked on the surface soil, and the paving thickness of the surface soil is between 4cm and 6cm at the moment, so that the depth of a root system when the plant-growing bags are pricked into the surface soil is increased, and the water and soil conservation capacity of a site slope is improved. Meanwhile, the function of soil conservation and water seepage of the plant growth bags reduces the hydrostatic pressure of the side slope, ensures the normal communication of water in the soil, provides a medium for vegetation to survive, and ensures that the side slope greening effect of the field is more obvious and more effective.
In some alternative embodiments, the surface soil needs to be treated, including specifically, soil protection and fattening, to enhance the corrosion resistance of the surface soil.
By way of example, the polymer compound fertilizer can be sprayed on the surface soil, and a consolidation protection layer is formed on the surface layer and pores of the surface soil to wrap the surface soil through the self-polymerization of the polymer material, so that the strength of the surface soil is enhanced, and the corrosion resistance of the surface soil is improved. The high molecular compound fertilizer is environment-friendly, nontoxic and biodegradable, uses water as a solvent, has no secondary pollution, is simple to construct, has rapid reaction, does not need additional maintenance, soil fixation and fertilizer enhancement, and has obvious growth promoting effect.
In some alternative embodiments, the treated surface soil can also be mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically added with continuous fiber filaments or short fiber filaments to a certain extent to form reinforced soil. Due to the effect of the fiber, the reinforced soil body forms a three-dimensional structure, the integrity of the reinforced soil body is enhanced, the strength is increased, the shock resistance is also enhanced, and therefore the water and soil conservation effect can be further optimized.
S2: and connecting the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field into a whole by adopting ecological concrete so as to form a water and soil conservation layer.
It can be understood that the ecological concrete has higher compressive strength, can meet a certain slope load, has a certain porosity, has good drainage and water permeability, and enables grass planting root systems to penetrate through the ecological concrete and penetrate into the bottom soil so as to improve the integrity and ecology of the slope. The grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer are connected into a whole by using ecological concrete, so that the field has strong anti-scouring performance.
S3: selecting seedlings of a plurality of specific plant varieties, and planting the seedlings on the water and soil conservation layer.
Because of relatively poor species diversity in high-cold and high-altitude areas, artificial cultivation and planting resources are limited, and pasture and economic plant planting are common. The vegetation coverage is improved according to the upper-propagation type herbaceous plants, the root systems of the lower-propagation type herbaceous plants are relatively developed, the slope protection effect is good, the leguminous plants can improve soil matrixes, the root systems of shrubs are developed, and the plants are main slope protection plants in the later period of ecological restoration. Therefore, the plant varieties are selected for configuration planting, and the native species are optimized to adapt to the natural environment of the place, so that the invasion risk of the species is reduced. Such as Tongde short-burst grass, hai Poa pratensis, qinghai Cold-land Poa pratensis, qinghai Chinese fescue, etc. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the damage of the species diversity principle caused by the use of a single species, plant varieties with different growth heights are considered in a vertical structure to be configured, so that the ecological restoration early-stage landscape greening effect can be considered, and meanwhile, the vegetation slope protection function in the later growth stage is ensured. Promote the formation of a forest stand community which takes arbor as a main body, combines arbor and shrub, has reasonable and stable structure and high-efficiency and coordinated functions.
In some alternative embodiments, a plurality of seedlings of specific plant varieties are selected, and after the seedlings are planted in the field, moisture and heat preservation measures are required for the seedlings. The method comprises the following specific steps:
s31: and (5) selecting stone blocks with the diameter of 5-15 cm on site after seedling planting, and covering the stone blocks on the whole hole surface of the pot bottom shape by taking the seedlings as the center.
The stone is covered on the hole surface with the nursery stock as the center, so that rainwater can be carried, and the evaporation of water in soil can be effectively inhibited.
S32: covering the hole surface with colorless transparent film, and punching holes in the film to facilitate rainwater penetration into the hole.
The plastic film is covered by a colorless transparent film, which is covered on a hole surface which takes sapling as the center and is arranged into a pot bottom shape, the periphery is compacted by soil to prevent wind and blow away, and then 5 to 8 holes are drilled on the film in a punctiform manner, so that rainwater can conveniently permeate into the holes, and the plastic film can be covered to improve the ground temperature and maintain the soil moisture content.
S33: covering the periphery of the above-mentioned seedling with weed, wheat straw and leaf, etc.
The grass covering means that weeds, wheat stalks, leaves and the like are covered around the nursery stock, the covering thickness is generally 2-3 cm, and then a layer of soil with the thickness of 2 cm is pressed on the nursery stock to prevent the soil from being blown away by wind, so that the grass covering can increase the organic matters of the soil and improve the soil fertility.
In some alternative embodiments, after step S3, further comprising:
s4: and carrying out in-situ identification on the field, establishing a three-dimensional model, and monitoring the displacement condition of the water and soil conservation layer in real time.
It can be understood that the displacement condition of the soil and water conservation layer is monitored, so that the soil and water conservation condition of the field can be monitored, and measures can be taken in time. For example, a slope anchoring mode of a concrete frame grid beam is added, or the laying area of a plant growth bag is increased, or the thickness of ecological concrete is increased, or vertical piles are arranged in a site, so that the displacement of a water and soil conservation layer is controlled.
In some optional embodiments, monitoring the displacement of the soil and water conservation layer in real time includes arranging surface deformation measuring points in a set area of the field, and observing the displacement of the surface measuring points of the soil and water conservation layer by a corner intersection method.
The corner intersection method is a method of respectively erecting instruments on two or more known points to observe the horizontal angle and the distance of the point to be fixed, and calculating the coordinate of the point to be fixed according to the coordinate of the known points, the observed angle value and the distance. Aiming at sites with large areas or complex terrain structures, surface deformation measuring points are distributed at the tops of the sites, the slope tops of the slopes and the excavation slope tops of flood control and drainage engineering, the streets, the slag blocking dams, the top surfaces of the slag blocking walls and the like.
In some alternative embodiments, the site is identified in situ and a three-dimensional model is built, and the deep deformation condition of the site, the osmotic water pressure condition of the site and the seepage flow condition of the site are monitored in real time.
It will be appreciated that after the construction of the site engineering is completed, a drainage ditch needs to be built, and earth dams are built around the site. The form of the flood control drainage works can be determined according to the specific situation of the site, the upstream catchment area and the surrounding terrain geological conditions, including but not limited to the combination of open row and arrangement.
Optionally, the intelligent network management platform for site ecological restoration is integrated with four places through in-situ identification, a muck allocation information platform, unmanned aerial vehicle dynamic supervision and video real-time transmission.
In-situ identification is carried out by respectively acquiring contour morphological parameters, material composition characteristics and distribution of seepage fields in the field by using an unmanned plane, a ground penetrating radar and a high-density electrical method, so as to construct a three-dimensional dynamic model of the field; the optimal stacking design is based on the three-dimensional model of the field, the optimal stacking structure and the drainage path of the field are optimally designed, the overall stability of a soil and water conservation layer is ensured, and a foundation is laid for the ecological restoration of the subsequent field; the ecological restoration key technology in the field is constructed according to the thinking of 'toe reinforcement-internal reinforcement-surface erosion reduction-vegetation optimization'; the cases show that the soil can improve the corrosion resistance of the field surface soil by 86% -97%, the impact resistance by 70% -80%, the porosity by 45% -50%, the water permeability by 350% -420% and the vegetation coverage rate by 90% -97%.
Specifically, in some optional embodiments, monitoring, in real time, the deep deformation condition of the site, the osmotic water pressure condition of the site, and the seepage flow condition of the site includes:
and drilling and burying the inclinometer pipe vertically at the key section of the field so as to monitor the deep deformation condition of the field and the flood control drainage engineering.
And arranging a water-permeable flower pipe at the bottom of the field so as to monitor the change condition of the water pressure of the inside of the field.
And utilizing a water measuring weir at the bottom of the field to monitor the leakage quantity of the field.
For the flood control drainage engineering with high and steep excavation slope, the monitoring items such as surface deformation, deep deformation and the like are arranged on the slope excavated in the flood control drainage engineering, and the surface deformation monitoring items are arranged on the top surfaces of partial slag blocking dams and slag blocking walls, wherein the monitoring equipment comprises total station instruments, movable inclinometers, reading instruments, electric measuring fluviographs, forced centering bases, osmometers, GPS receivers, video monitors and the like.
According to the water and soil conservation and greening method in the alpine region, the turf and the surface soil in the original field are stripped and collected before field construction, and the turf and the surface soil are paved in the field to be repaired after construction is finished again after maintenance treatment is carried out on the turf and the surface soil, so that the survival rate of the turf in the alpine region can be improved, the storage carrier of the plant seed warehouse in the alpine region is maintained, and plant population in the alpine region is prevented from being damaged; by utilizing the patterns of lattice paving and fiber blanket in the side slope zone of the field, not only can the water and soil loss be reduced, but also the survival rate of the turf and the planting quality of the turf can be improved; when the slope of the site side slope is smaller than 60 degrees, a plant growth bag is paved on the surface soil, so that the water and soil holding capacity of the site side slope is improved; the corrosion resistance of the surface soil is enhanced by carrying out corrosion resistance soil conservation and fertilizer increase on the surface soil; the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field are connected into a whole through ecological concrete to form a water and soil conservation layer, so that the field has strong anti-scouring performance; and carrying out in-situ recognition on the field, establishing a three-dimensional model, monitoring the displacement condition of the water and soil conservation layer in real time, and timely taking relevant measures to improve the re-greening speed and the re-greening effect.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present application and simplification of the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the application to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The water and soil conservation and greening method in the alpine region is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting and treating turf and surface soil before site construction, re-paving the treated surface soil in the site after the site construction is finished, and re-paving the turf on the surface soil after maintenance treatment;
adopting ecological concrete to integrate the grass layer, the surface soil layer and the basal layer of the field to form a water and soil conservation layer;
selecting a plurality of seedlings of specific plant varieties, and planting the seedlings on the water and soil conservation layer in a configuration mode.
2. The method for soil and water conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the collecting and treating of turf and topsoil prior to site construction comprises:
stripping the original turf of the field;
setting a plateau turf storage area to store the peeled turf, covering the turf with a dense mesh net, pressing the turf, and sprinkling water to maintain the turf regularly;
and cleaning the surface of the field in different areas, stripping and collecting the surface soil, and then storing the surface soil and the turf separately.
3. The method for soil and water conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein after seedlings of a plurality of specific plant varieties are selected and planted in the field, moisture and heat preservation measures are taken for the seedlings.
4. The method for soil and water conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 3, wherein the step of taking moisture and heat preservation measures for the seedlings comprises:
selecting stone blocks with the diameter of 5-15 cm on site after seedling planting, and covering the stone blocks on the whole hole surface of the pot bottom shape by taking the seedling as the center;
covering the hole surface with colorless transparent film, and punching holes in the film to facilitate rainwater penetration into the hole;
covering the periphery of the seedling with weeds, wheat straw, leaves and the like.
5. The method for water and soil conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein after a plurality of seedlings of specific plant varieties are planted in the field in a configuration mode, the field is subjected to in-situ recognition and a three-dimensional model is built, and displacement conditions of the water and soil conservation layer are monitored in real time.
6. The method for water and soil conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 5, wherein the monitoring of the displacement condition of the water and soil conservation layer in real time comprises the steps of arranging surface deformation measuring points in a set area of the field and observing the displacement condition of the surface measuring points of the water and soil conservation layer by a corner intersection method.
7. The method for water and soil conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 5, wherein the site is subjected to in-situ recognition and a three-dimensional model is built, and further the deep deformation condition of the site, the osmotic water pressure condition of the site and the seepage flow condition of the site are monitored in real time.
8. The method for soil and water conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 7, wherein monitoring in real time the deep deformation condition of the field, the osmotic water pressure condition of the field and the seepage flow condition of the field comprises:
drilling and burying an inclinometer pipe vertically at a key section of the field so as to monitor deep deformation conditions of the field and flood control drainage engineering;
arranging a water-permeable flower pipe at the bottom of the field so as to monitor the change condition of the water-permeable pressure in the field;
and utilizing a water measuring weir at the bottom of the field to monitor the leakage amount of the field.
9. The method for soil and water conservation and re-greening in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein when the slope gradient of the field is less than 60 degrees, a plant growth bag is laid on the surface soil.
10. The method of water and soil conservation and re-greening in alpine regions of claim 1, wherein re-laying the treated topsoil in the field comprises, erosion-resistant soil conservation and fattening the topsoil to enhance the erosion resistance of the topsoil.
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