CN108834727A - Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater - Google Patents
Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN108834727A CN108834727A CN201810860236.0A CN201810860236A CN108834727A CN 108834727 A CN108834727 A CN 108834727A CN 201810860236 A CN201810860236 A CN 201810860236A CN 108834727 A CN108834727 A CN 108834727A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
Replanting citrus the present invention relates to a kind of rice field prevents the cultivation method for matching field of soil top backwater, it discloses and utilizes the poly- native ridging method of wide compartment zanjon, paddy field plough sole is broken in ridging, the characteristic of the hard water conservation of plough sole has been abolished, has realized that rice field replants citrus and prevents the purpose of soil top backwater；Divide three layers to carry out trench (2) backfill by backfill topsoil, soil amelioration material layer, back fill course from bottom to top again, achievees the purpose that soil enrichment；The surface soil of removing reclaim with making with topsoil stripping technology, guarantees that effective protection earth's surface mellow soil resource is not lost, does not waste, preservation of fertility；It excavates gutter (1), forms smooth drainage network, quickly exclude ponding；It is determined by 2 meters × 5 meters of seeding row spacing and is colonized point (7)；The present invention has site preparation structure arrangement simple, easy for construction, and the feature that early fruiting and high yield effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plantation citrus technical fields, and in particular to a kind of rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the backwater of soil top
Cultivation method for matching.
Background technique
Rice soil is to plough the Anthrosol formed by long-term water, since periodic oxidation restores alternating and eluviation and illuviation,
Several new generation layers can be formed on the basis of original parent-soil, there is topsoil (arable layer) plough sole, (bleaching of redox layer
Layer, waterloggogenic horizon, de- latent layer, gley horizon etc.), chorizon etc..Due to needing certain water layer during paddy growth, thus,
Equal plough sole in soil profile, consolidation glue weight, fine and close, are ploughed and are irrigated by long-term water.
Rice field is changed to citrus orchard, and due to paddy field water logging farming year after year, the hard water conservation of plough sole, when orchard establishment must break
Plough sole.Plough sole water retention property is good, has served to paddy growth and water management good.But just to the citrus of deep-rootedness
It is very unfavorable, first is that root system is difficult to break through plough sole and prick down again；Second is that being easy ponding generates damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging.Especially rainy season a large amount of rainwater
Collect in planting pit to be discharged in time, and root system ponding is caused to rot, and tree vigo(u)r declines therewith, show as the small yellow of leaf and tree crown
Lower part old leaf, which starts to creep up, to fall off, and forms deadwood, is flooded mandarin tree leaf rolling and fallen off, branch is withered, blade when serious
It is dead that upper complete stool is set in withered suspension.
Existing paddy field replants citrus and mostly uses the mode for excavating planting pit, directly plantation citrus greatly, needs to be arranged more complex
Drainage structure system, and need outside planting pit setting expand cave ditch be limited in Citrus Root will not in original plant hole, site preparation
Structure arrangement is complicated, and the method arrangement of the poly- native ridging of the wide compartment zanjon that the present invention uses is simple, easy for construction, and early fruiting and high yield is imitated
Fruit is good, realizes the first year and plants trees, second year examination flower, the target of third year high yield (per mu yield reaches 1200kg or more).
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome paddy field of the existing technology to replant citrus site preparation structure arrangement challenge,
There is provided a kind of rice field and replanting citrus prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, which, which replants citrus, prevents soil top
The cultivation method for matching of backwater has site preparation structure arrangement simple, easy for construction, and early fruiting and high yield effect is good, and soil enrichment is protected
Fertilizer.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention, which provides a kind of rice field and replants citrus, prevents the corresponding cultivation of soil top backwater
Method includes the following steps:
S1：Carry out rice field topsoil stripping, from ridging remove, 15-20 centimetres of depth, until the upper table of plough sole
Layer, 1.5 meters of width, removing surface soil is deposited in the one side for excavating furrow or compartment ditch；
S2：Trench is excavated, 30-40 centimetres of depth, plough sole is passed through, to go deep into 10-15 centimetres of redox layer, is excavated wide
1.5 meters of degree；
S3：Divide three layers to carry out trench backfill by backfill topsoil, soil amelioration material layer, back fill course from bottom to top, first backfills
15-20 centimetres of topsoil, then soil amelioration material is filled, point 3 layers of backfill, are then filled out with remaining topsoil soil again by 5 centimetres every layer
5 centimetres of pressure finally carries out the backfill of back fill course soil, carries out wide compartment zanjon, gathers soil ridging, opens 5 meters of row spacing degree, ridge face width 1.5
Rice, 2 meters of ridge bottom width, ridge is 0.4 meter high, and ridge is trapezoidal to be tilted down, and excavates gutter between the ridge 2-3, plants mandarin orange on the face of ridge
Tangerine seedling.
Preferably, the gutter between every ridge 2-3 is compartment ditch, 0.4 meter of compartment furrow width, 0.6 meter deep, the gutter between two ridges
For furrow, furrow is 0.2 meter wide, 0.4 meter deep；
If ponding difficulty is arranged, a shallow furrow can be opened between two ridges, specification be it is 0.2 meter wide, it is 0.4 meter deep, and compartment ditch and furrow with
The gutter of surrounding is connected, and forms smooth drainage network, convenient for quickly excluding ponding.
Preferably, the soil amelioration material presses 4 by crude fibre substance, muck, acid Auto-regulator:3:3 ratio mixing and
At；
The crude fibre substance includes but is not limited to crop material, weeds, mushroom slag, corncob, wood sawdust and rice husk；
The muck includes but is not limited to feces of livestock and poultry, biogas residue and farmyard manure；
The acidity Auto-regulator includes but is not limited to calcium magnesium phosphate, lime and soda acid conditioner；
Ensure chesson, improve soil texture, improve soil organic matter content, improve soil acidity or alkalinity, promotes soil
Nutrient content improves.
Preferably, the back fill course includes plough sole soil, remaining redox layer soil, the surface soil outside ridge, ridge
Ditch and compartment ditch excavate soil, and the soil of different soil will be mixed mutually, the block in soil is pulverized.
Preferably, for the plantation of citrus seedling on the face of ridge, ridge face top is 1.5 meters wide, and 1 row citrus is transplanted on every ridge, is planted in the middle part of ridge
It plants, for spacing in the rows by 2 meters of field planting, the seeding row spacing for completing the plant garden Hou Quan is 2 meters × 5 meters.
Preferably, the rice field replant citrus prevent the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater need in advance half a year into
Row site preparation.
Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Ridging trench will pass through rice field plough sole, the bottom of compartment ditch
Face will be in plough sole hereinafter, the soil dug out is backfilling on trench and ridge face, and adds soil amelioration material, the backfill of plough sole soil
When, it to be mixed with part surface soil or redox layer soil, smash leveling, increase the gas permeability of soil layer, the ridge 2-3 will excavate compartment
Ditch, and communicated with the gutter of surrounding, if ponding difficulty is arranged, a shallow furrow can be opened between two ridges, it is ensured that ponding can be drained in time；
In this way, site preparation structure arrangement is simple, easy for construction, the poly- native ridging technology of wide compartment zanjon can make rice field replant citrus early fruiting and high yield
Effect is good, and can promote soil enrichment fertilizer conservation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that rice field replants citrus and prevents the stereoscopic schematic diagram of soil top backwater Root growth；
Fig. 2 is that rice field replants citrus and prevents the diagrammatic cross-section of soil top backwater Root growth；
Fig. 3 is that rice field replants citrus and prevents the structural schematic diagram of soil top backwater Root growth.
Description of symbols
1 gutter, 2 trench, 3 ridge, 4 compartment ditch
5 furrow, 6 farmland on a plateau face 7 is colonized point
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, first carry out rice field topsoil stripping, from ridging remove, until the upper epidermis of plough sole,
15-20 centimetres of depth, 1.5 meters of width, removing surface soil is deposited in the side for excavating furrow 5 or compartment ditch 4.
Excavate trench 2 again, 30-40 centimetres of depth, excavation width at 1.5 meters, general plough sole thickness at 20 centimetres or so,
Depth will pass through plough sole, go deep into 10-15 centimetres of redox layer, the plough sole of the viscous weight consolidation of densification, and mainly arable layer is drenched
The molten thin particulate matter to get off, additional long-term farming compacting cause, it is ensured that moisture is non-leakage during paddy growth, water holding capacity
By force, poor air permeability, plough sole are one continuous whole, and excavation cannot be too narrow, and otherwise influence moisture enters to blend mandarin tree root
The lower bundle of system.
Divide three layers to carry out trench 2 by backfill topsoil, soil amelioration material layer, back fill course from bottom to top again to backfill, first backfill
15-20 centimetres of topsoil；Soil amelioration material is filled again, and soil amelioration material is by crude fibre substance (crop material, weeds, mushroom slag, corn
Core, wood sawdust, rice husk etc.), muck (feces of livestock and poultry, biogas residue, farmyard manure etc.), acid Auto-regulator (calcium magnesium phosphate, lime, acid
Alkali conditioner etc.) press 4:3:3 weight ratio mixes, it is ensured that chesson improves soil texture, improves the soil organism
Content improves soil acidity or alkalinity, and soil nutrient content is promoted to improve, and point 3 layers of backfill, tamp 5 centimetres again later by 5 centimetres every layer
Soil, first with remaining topsoil soil, again use redox layer soil；Back fill course includes plough sole soil, remaining
Redox layer soil, the surface soil outside ridge, furrow 5 and compartment ditch 4 excavate soil, and the soil of different soil will be mixed mutually, especially
It is that block in soil will pulverize；Wide compartment zanjon is carried out, soil ridging is gathered, opens 5 meters of row spacing degree, 1.5 meters of ridge face width, ridge bottom width 2
Rice, ridge is 0.4 meter high, and ridge 3 is trapezoidal to be tilted down, and furrow 5 is the gutter 1 between two ridges, 5 wide 0.2 meters of furrow, 0.4 meter deep,
Compartment ditch 4 is the gutter between the ridge 2-3,4 wide 0.4 meters of compartment ditch, 0.6 meter deep, and the depth dimensions of furrow 5 and compartment ditch 4 are from farmland on a plateau face 6
It calculates, to be deep into 0.3 meter of plough sole or less, the gutter 1 of surrounding is mating with furrow 5 and compartment ditch 4, it is ensured that furrow 5 and compartment
Ponding in ditch 4 can be discharged by the gutter 1 of surrounding, can rapidly be arranged ponding especially during southern torrential rain
Out.
Citrus seedling is planted on the face of ridge, and ridge face top is 1.5 meters wide, and 1 row citrus is transplanted on every ridge, is transplanted in the middle part of ridge, spacing in the rows
Field planting point 7 is determined by 2 meters, and the seeding row spacing for completing the plant garden Hou Quan is 2 meters × 5 meters.
Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater from needing the site preparation of half a year progress in advance.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1：Carry out rice field topsoil stripping, from ridging remove, it is 15-20 centimetres of depth, wide until the upper epidermis of plough sole
1.5 meters of degree, removing surface soil are deposited in the side for excavating furrow (5) or compartment ditch (4)；
S2：It excavates trench (2), 30-40 centimetres of depth, passes through plough sole, to go deep into 10-15 centimetres of redox layer, excavate wide
1.5 meters of degree；
S3：Divide three layers to carry out trench (2) backfill by backfill topsoil, soil amelioration material layer, back fill course from bottom to top, first backfills table
15-20 centimetres of soil layer, then soil amelioration material is filled, point 3 layers of backfill, 5 centimetres every layer, then, by remaining topsoil soil, oxidation
The sequence of reduction zone soil successively tamps 5 centimetres again, finally carries out the backfill of back fill course soil, carries out wide compartment zanjon, gathers soil and rises
Ridge opens 5 meters of row spacing degree, and 1.5 meters of ridge face width, 2 meters of ridge bottom width, ridge is 0.4 meter high, and ridge (3) are trapezoidal to be tilted down, in the ridge 2-3 (3)
Between excavate gutter (1), on the face of ridge plant citrus sapling.
2. rice field according to claim 1, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, feature exists
In the gutter (1) between the ridge 2-3 (3) is compartment ditch (4), and compartment ditch (4) is 0.4 meter wide, 0.6 meter deep, the draining between two ridges (3)
Ditch (1) is furrow (5), and furrow (5) is 0.2 meter wide, 0.4 meter deep；
As ponding difficulty row, open a shallow furrow (5) between Liang Long (3), specification be it is 0.2 meter wide, it is 0.4 meter deep, and compartment ditch (4) and
Furrow (5) is connected with the gutter (1) of surrounding, forms smooth drainage network, quickly excludes ponding.
3. rice field according to claim 1, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, feature exists
In the soil amelioration material presses 4 by crude fibre substance, muck, acid Auto-regulator:3:3 weight ratio mixes；
The crude fibre substance includes but is not limited to crop material, weeds, mushroom slag, corncob, wood sawdust and rice husk；
The muck includes but is not limited to feces of livestock and poultry, biogas residue and farmyard manure；
The acidity Auto-regulator includes but is not limited to calcium magnesium phosphate, lime and soda acid conditioner.
4. rice field according to claim 1, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, feature exists
In the back fill course includes surface soil, furrow (5) and the compartment of plough sole soil, remaining redox layer soil, ridge (3) outside
Ditch (4) excavates soil, and the soil of different soil will be mixed mutually, the block in soil is pulverized.
5. rice field according to claim 1, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, feature exists
In citrus seedling is planted on the face of ridge, and ridge face top is 1.5 meters wide, and every ridge (3) transplants 1 row citrus, is transplanted at the middle part of ridge (3), strain
Point (7) are colonized away from determining by 2 meters, the seeding row spacing for completing the plant garden Hou Quan is 2 meters × 5 meters.
6. rice field according to claim 1, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater, feature exists
In the rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater from needing the site preparation of half a year progress in advance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810860236.0A CN108834727A (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810860236.0A CN108834727A (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater |
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| CN108834727A true CN108834727A (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110073752A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-02 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of fertile topsoil construction method in saline and alkaline obstacle arable land |
| CN110169227A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-27 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of rice field is changed to the planting site preprocess method of citrus orchard |
| CN110192487A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of management method of fertile mandarin orange earsh |
| CN111602552A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-01 | 苏州悦湖园农业有限公司 | Seedling cultivation method for promoting inter-furrow drainage |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110192487A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of management method of fertile mandarin orange earsh |
| CN110192487B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-07-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Management method of young citrus reiculata trees |
| CN110073752A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-02 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of fertile topsoil construction method in saline and alkaline obstacle arable land |
| CN110169227A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-27 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of rice field is changed to the planting site preprocess method of citrus orchard |
| CN110169227B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2022-07-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Planting field pretreatment method for changing rice field into citrus orchard |
| CN111602552A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-01 | 苏州悦湖园农业有限公司 | Seedling cultivation method for promoting inter-furrow drainage |
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