CN106922242A - A kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field - Google Patents
A kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106922242A CN106922242A CN201710140719.9A CN201710140719A CN106922242A CN 106922242 A CN106922242 A CN 106922242A CN 201710140719 A CN201710140719 A CN 201710140719A CN 106922242 A CN106922242 A CN 106922242A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 248
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002319 Citrus sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005976 Citrus sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009371 citriculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field, comprise the following steps：S1:Choose that 500 meters of height above sea level is following, landform relatively neatly, hilly and mountainous land it is in easy flights in 2501000 square meters comprising hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland and paddy field site preparation as plantation oranges and tangerines citrus orchard, S2:Trench cave of improving the soil and dig is carried out to the hilly and mountainous land and nonirrigated farmland to improve the soil, and trench is carried out to the paddy field and improved the soil, ditched and bedding and dig cave and improve the soil；Beneficial effects of the present invention are to carry out soil improvement respectively by for lineament different in citrus orchard field, so that the growth of the more suitable mandarin tree of soil acidity or alkalinity of waterway between mountains reservoir area citrus orchard, the depth of active soil stratum is thickeied, soil is more fertile loose, improves the retain water and nutrients ability of soil in field, liquid manure balance, meet and ensured mandarin tree to water, the demand of fertilizer, oranges and tangerines fruit bearing rate is high, taste of fruit is good, and yield and quality are greatly improved, and promotes the economic benefit of locality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, and in particular to a kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field.
Background technology
Oranges and tangerines result is more, yield is high, and fertilizer, water consumption are big, and the requirement to edaphic condition is higher than general crop.High yield mandarin orange
Orangery requirement soil layer depth, fertile soil, loose, acid-base value are suitable.General arable land is difficult to reach this requirement, and deserted mountain barren hill is more
Difference.It is improved soil, intensification soil layer, increase fertility to improve the soil, and adjusts soil acidity or alkalinity, is that oranges and tangerines high yield is laid a solid foundation.By very
More it was verified that every well-done citrus orchard of improving the soil, is easy for obtaining good quality and high output；Every improving the soil is made poor citrus orchard,
Yield and quality are difficult to improve.So, building citrus orchard must be good soil improvement, and basis is accomplished fluently.
Reservoir area of Three Gorges is warm and humid suitable, is the optimum area of China's plantation oranges and tangerines, and the supremacy clause of development sweet orange production exists
China or even Asia are all rare, but, current this supremacy clause is not fully utilized also, however, due to reservoir area of Three Gorges
Citriculture field type it is main based on hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland and paddy field, soil types based on purple soil, soil pH
Height, soil layer is shallow, retain water and nutrients ability, and local building well to oranges and tangerines etc. payes attention to inadequate for a long time, not for the nature of reservoir area
The citrus orchard that ecological condition forms standardization is excavated and builds code, and the scale of Orange Producing is also little, the pipe of soil before cultivation
Reason level is not high, causes orchard liquid manure to ensure, seriously constrains the raising of orange yield and quality.
The content of the invention
In order to the soil pH for solving current waterway between mountains reservoir area citrus orchard is high, soil layer is shallow, retain water and nutrients ability, soil management water
Flat not high the problems such as, the invention provides a kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1:Choose that 500 meters of height above sea level is following, landform relatively neatly, hilly and mountainous land it is in easy flights in 250Comprising hills mountain
The site preparation of 1000 square meters in ground, nonirrigated farmland and paddy field is used as the citrus orchard for planting oranges and tangerines, 10 kilometers of straight line models around the citrus orchard
Enclose interior without oranges and tangerines quarantine pest and disease damage；
S2:Trench cave of improving the soil and dig is carried out to the hilly and mountainous land and nonirrigated farmland to improve the soil, and trench is carried out to the paddy field and improved the soil, ditched
Bedding and digging cave are improved the soil；
Method of improving the soil to hilly and mountainous land in the citrus orchard field is：
1）Trench is improved the soil：
For the gradient less than 10% hilly and mountainous land gentle slope ground, the hilly and mountainous land it is domatic on by North and South direction excavate moat
Ditch is improved the soil；When trench trend is not parallel with contour, 0.5 meter~1 meter of soil width is retained as gear every a segment distance
Wall, for intercepting rainwater and silt；
The hillside fields of the hilly and mountainous land for the gradient more than 10%, is the integral multiple of Planting Row Distance based on most of tread width is built,
Terrace land is excavated by 0.3%~0.5% ratio drop along contour by contour principle, trench is dug on the terrace land and is improved the soil, tread width
More than 2.5 meters, terraced wall is highly less than 1.2 meters；Trench is wide 1 meter~and 1.5 meters, it is deep 0.8 meter~1 meter；The trench backfills layered
Pressure buries material of improving the soil, and topsoil is all backfilled if without material of improving the soil；
2）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
The hilly and mountainous land it is domatic on by north and south row to the strain of, thing to according to mandarin tree line-spacing size, using field planting grid
Net, the position in cave of improving the soil in the domatic determination of the hilly and mountainous land；It is described improve the soil cave backfill the time-division lamination buries material of improving the soil, such as without
Material of improving the soil then all backfills topsoil；
Method of improving the soil to nonirrigated farmland in the citrus orchard field is：
Retain existing terrace land or terrace, adjust the specific position of a small amount of irregular plot and influence oranges and tangerines field planting；
1）Trench is improved the soil：
The block nonirrigated farmland of the gentle slope ground to the gradient no more than 10%, the trench uses south-north direction, by mandarin tree line-spacing size
Determine trench spacing；
The block nonirrigated farmland of the slope to the gradient more than 10%, if the difference in height between adjacent two plot is not more than 70 centimetres,
It is entirely domatic above to excavate the trench by parallel contour direction, and same trench is arranged on different plot；If adjacent two places
Difference in height between block is more than 70 centimetres, then excavate some trenches, the plot by line-spacing respectively on each plot
Width is more than 2.5 meters；
2）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
The nonirrigated farmland by north and south row to the strain of, thing to, according to mandarin tree line-spacing size, by field planting grid on the plot really
Surely acupuncture point of improving the soil is put；
Method of improving the soil to paddy field in the citrus orchard field is：
1）Trench is improved the soil：
The paddy field of the gentle slope ground for level land and the gradient no more than 10%, the trench uses south-north direction, by mandarin tree line-spacing
Size determines the trench spacing；The trench is communicated with gutter, and bottom of trench sets 0.3% ratio drop；
The terrace land type paddy field of the slope for the gradient more than 10%, if the difference in height between adjacent two paddy field is not more than 70 centimetres,
Then it is whole it is domatic on excavate the trench by parallel contour direction, and same trench is arranged on different paddy fields；If adjacent
Difference in height between two paddy fields is more than 70 centimetres, then excavate some trenches by line-spacing respectively on each paddy field, described
Plot width is more than 2.5 meters；
2）Trench digging bedding：
Paddy field for active soil stratum depth more than 50 centimetres, carries out trench digging bedding, and oranges and tangerines are planted in furrow face；For drainage performance
The poor paddy field field, the furrow face width is set to 4 meters~5 meters, plants a line mandarin tree；The institute good for drainage performance
Paddy field field is stated, the furrow face width is set to 10 meters~20 meters, plants 2~4 row mandarin trees；Level land and the furrow ditch in low-lying paddy field
Depth is more than 1 meter, and paddy field furrow ditch depth is less than 1 meter；
3）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
The paddy field good more than soil water permeability under 80 centimetres and plough sole for active soil stratum depth, by north and south row to, thing strain to,
According to mandarin tree line-spacing size, determine that digging acupuncture point puts on the paddy field by field planting grid.
Further, the trench is wide 1~1.5 meter, 0.8~1 meter of depth, and the cave of improving the soil is a diameter of 1.5 meters, depth 0.8
Rice~1 meter of circular nest, or be square nest long 1.3 meters~1.5 meters, deep 0.8 meter~1 meter；The trench and cave excavation of improving the soil
When the table soil, the raw-soil, the stone pile up separately that dig out.
Further, the material of improving the soil includes thin improve the soil material and thick material of improving the soil, and the thin material of improving the soil includes agriculture
Family's fertilizer and weeds, straw and the branch crossed by break process or biogas fermentation, or for the farm manure and by broken
One or more mixture of material in weeds, straw, branch that treatment or biogas fermentation are crossed；The thick material of improving the soil be without
Cross weeds, straw, branch that break process or biogas fermentation are crossed.
Further, the trench backfill and cave backfill of improving the soil are using soil and the mixed embankment formula of material of improving the soil：Every cube
Rice dry weight weight is that 30~60 kilograms of 3~5 layers of material point of improving the soil is inserted in the trench, and the thick material of improving the soil puts bottom
Layer, the thin material of improving the soil is put at the middle and upper levels, and every layer is filled out 0.15~0.20 meter of soil of depth；It is deep by 0.6~0.8 meter during backfill
Soil the depth for filling out and reaching 0.6~0.8 meter is mixed with the thick material of improving the soil, by former 0.2~0.4 meter deep soil backfill simultaneously
Reach 0.4~0.6 meter of depth；0.6~0.8 meter of deep soil is mixed with the thin material of improving the soil and fills out and reach 0.6~0.8 meter
Depth, former 0.2~0.4 meter of deep soil is backfilled and reaches 0.4~0.6 meter of depth, former 0~0.2 meter table soil is returned
0.2~0.4 meter of depth is filled out and reached, until trench is filled up and 0.3~0.4 meter of original ground is higher by, is made table native and described is changed
The landfill depth of soil material is in the distributed area of Citrus Root.
Further, if the soil pH value in the citrus orchard field is higher than 7, according to the power of alkalescence, returned at every cubic metre
Banket and 3~10 kilograms of Cosans are added in earth, reduce soil pH value；Soil of the pH value less than 5, in backfilling soil at every cubic metre
1~3 kilogram of lime is added, soil pH value is improved.
Further, the mandarin tree line-spacing size is 4~5.5 meters.
Further, below 1 meter, soil parent material is difficult to weathering, the height of active soil stratum to the citrus orchard level of ground water
More than 60 centimetres；Soil parent material easy-weathering, the height of active soil stratum is more than 20 centimetres, and the volt dry spell in autumn can be not less than 75 with water source
Ton/mu.
A kind of method of improving the soil in the citrus orchard field that the present invention is provided has the beneficial effect that：
Soil improvement is carried out respectively by for lineament different in citrus orchard field so that the soil of waterway between mountains reservoir area citrus orchard
The growth of the more suitable mandarin tree of earth acid-base value, has thickeied the depth of active soil stratum, and soil is more fertile loose, in improve field
The retain water and nutrients ability of soil, liquid manure balance meets and has ensured mandarin tree to water, the demand of fertilizer, and oranges and tangerines fruit bearing rate is high, fruit
Real local flavor is good, and yield and quality are greatly improved, and promotes the economic benefit of locality.
Brief description of the drawings
The excavation in trench or cave of improving the soil in the specific embodiment of method one of improving the soil in the citrus orchard field that Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention
With backfill schematic diagram；
Paddy field trench digging makees the schematic diagram that furrow plant mandarin tree in the method for improving the soil in the citrus orchard field that Fig. 2 is provided for the present invention.
In figure：1- tables soil, the 2- raw-soil, 30- slightly improves the soil material, and 32- carefully improves the soil material, 4- paddy fields, 42- furrow faces I, 44- furrow
Face II, 46- furrow ditch, 5 mandarin trees.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Specific embodiment
The method of improving the soil in the citrus orchard field that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
S1:Choose that 500 meters of height above sea level is following, landform relatively neatly, hilly and mountainous land is in easy flights includes hills mountain in 250
The site preparation of 1000 square meters in ground, nonirrigated farmland and paddy field is used as the citrus orchard for planting oranges and tangerines, 10 kilometers of straight line models around the citrus orchard
Enclose interior without oranges and tangerines quarantine pest and disease damage.Secondly, it is desirable to which below 1 meter, soil parent material is difficult to weathering to citrus orchard level of ground water, it is living
The height of soil layer is more than 60 centimetres, soil parent material easy-weathering, and the height of active soil stratum is more than 20 centimetres, and the volt dry spell in autumn can use water
Source is not less than 75 tons/mu.
S2:Trench cave of improving the soil and dig is carried out to the hilly and mountainous land and nonirrigated farmland to improve the soil, the paddy field is carried out trench improve the soil,
Trench digging bedding and digging cave are improved the soil.
Method of improving the soil to hilly and mountainous land in the citrus orchard field is：
1）Trench is improved the soil：
For the gradient less than 10% hilly and mountainous land gentle slope ground, the hilly and mountainous land it is domatic on by North and South direction excavate moat
Ditch is improved the soil.When trench trend is not parallel with contour, the soil width for retaining 0.8 meter every a segment distance as barricade, with
Trench is formed ring ditch, for intercepting rainwater and silt, keep the water and soil balance in citrus orchard field.
The hillside fields of the hilly and mountainous land for the gradient more than 10%, it is Planting Row Distance that should be based on building most of tread width
Integral multiple, terrace land is excavated by contour principle along contour by 0.3%~0.5% ratio drop, trench is dug on the terrace land and is improved the soil, ladder
Face width is not less than 2.5 meters, and terraced wall is highly no more than 1.2 meters；Trench is wide 1 meter~and 1.5 meters, it is deep 0.8 meter~1 meter.Trench is backfilled
Time-division lamination buries material such as farm manure 3 of improving the soil, and topsoil is all backfilled if without material of improving the soil.
2）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
Hilly and mountainous land it is domatic on by north and south row to the strain of, thing to by 4.5 meters of mandarin tree line-spacing size, using field planting side
Grid, the position in cave of improving the soil in the domatic determination of hilly and mountainous land, cave of improving the soil is 1.5 meters of diameter, deep 0.8 meter~1 meter circular nest.Change
Soil pit backfill time-division lamination buries material of improving the soil, and topsoil is all backfilled if without material of improving the soil.
Method of improving the soil to nonirrigated farmland in the citrus orchard field is：
Retain existing terrace land or terrace, adjust the specific position of a small amount of irregular plot and influence oranges and tangerines field planting.
1）Trench is improved the soil：
When carrying out trench to nonirrigated farmland and improving the soil, the block nonirrigated farmland of the gentle slope ground to the gradient no more than 10%, trench is walked using north and south
To being 4.5 meters by mandarin tree line-spacing size and determine trench spacing.
The block nonirrigated farmland of the slope to the gradient more than 10%, if the difference in height between adjacent two plot is not more than 70 centimetres,
Then it is whole it is domatic on excavate trench by parallel contour direction, and same trench is arranged on different plot.If adjacent two places
Difference in height between block is more than 70 centimetres, then excavate some moats by the line-spacing of 4.5 meters of sizes respectively on each plot
Ditch, each plot width is more than 2.5 meters.
2）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
Cave is dug when improving the soil, nonirrigated farmland is by north and south row to, thing strain to according to 4.5 meters of mandarin tree line-spacing size, by field planting grid
Determine that acupuncture point of improving the soil is put on plot.
Method of improving the soil to paddy field in the citrus orchard field is：
1）Trench is improved the soil：
When carrying out trench to paddy field and improving the soil, the paddy field of the gentle slope ground for level land and the gradient no more than 10%, the trench is adopted
With south-north direction, determine that trench spacing, i.e. trench spacing are 4.5 meters by 4.5 meters of line-spacing size.Trench is communicated with gutter,
Bottom of trench sets 0.3% ratio drop, and the ponding in order to bottom of trench is discharged in time.
The terrace land type paddy field of the slope for the gradient more than 10%, if the difference in height between adjacent two paddy field is not more than 70
Centimetre, then it is whole it is domatic on excavate the trench by parallel contour direction, and same trench is arranged on different paddy fields.If
Difference in height between adjacent two paddy field is more than 70 centimetres, then the line-spacings excavation respectively by 4.5 meters of sizes on each paddy field is some
Trench described in bar, the plot width is more than 2.5 meters.
2）Trench digging bedding：
Paddy field for active soil stratum depth more than 50 centimetres, carries out trench digging bedding, and oranges and tangerines are planted in furrow face.For drainage performance
Poor paddy field field, the width of the furrow face I 42 is set to 5 meters, plantation a line mandarin tree 5.The paddy field field good for drainage performance
Block, the width of the furrow face II 44 is set to 18 meters, plants 4 row mandarin trees 5.The depth of furrow ditch 46 in level land and low-lying paddy field is more than 1
Rice, the depth of paddy field furrow ditch 46 is less than 1 meter.
3）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
Paddy field is carried out digging cave when improving the soil, the water good more than soil water permeability under 80 centimetres and plough sole for active soil stratum depth
Field, by north and south row to the strain of, thing to according to 4.5 meters of line-spacing size, digging acupuncture point being determined on the paddy field by field planting grid
Put.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the trench of 0.8~1 meter of depth wide 1~1.5 meter is dug, a diameter of 1.5 meters, depth 0.8 is dug
Rice~1 meter of circle is improved the soil cave, table soil 1, the raw-soil 2, stone pile up separately that trench and cave of improving the soil are dug out.Changing in the present embodiment
Soil material includes thin improve the soil material 32 and thick material 30 of improving the soil, material 32 of carefully improving the soil include farm manure and by break process or
Weeds, straw and branch that biogas fermentation is crossed, and farm manure and weeds, the straw crossed by break process or biogas fermentation
One or more mixture of material in bar, branch, material 30 of slightly improving the soil be without break process or biogas fermentation cross it is miscellaneous
Grass, straw, branch.
In the present embodiment, trench backfills and improves the soil cave backfill using soil and the mixed embankment formula of material of improving the soil：Every cube
Rice dry weight weight is that 30~60 kilograms of 3~5 layers of material point of improving the soil is inserted in trench, and material 30 of slightly improving the soil puts bottom, carefully changes
Soil material 32 is put at the middle and upper levels, and every layer is filled out 0.15~0.20 meter of soil of depth.During backfill, by 0.6~0.8 meter of deep soil with it is thick
Material of improving the soil mixes the depth for filling out and reaching 0.6~0.8 meter, and former 0.2~0.4 meter of deep soil is backfilled and 0.4~0.6 meter is reached
Depth；0.6~0.8 meter of deep soil and material of carefully improving the soil are mixed the depth for filling out and reaching 0.6~0.8 meter, by former 0.2~
0.4 meter of deep soil is backfilled and reaches 0.4~0.6 meter of depth, and former 0~0.2 meter of table soil 1 is backfilled and 0.2~0.4 is reached
The depth of rice, until trench is filled up and is higher by 0.3 meter~0.4 meter of original ground, table soil 1 and the landfill depth of material of improving the soil is existed
The distributed area of Citrus Root, the material that makes to improve the soil is evenly distributed in soil at the middle and upper levels, makes soil more fertile loose, is fully mandarin orange
Tangerine 5 provides required nutriment.
If the soil pH value in citrus orchard field is higher than 7, according to the power of alkalescence, 3 are added in backfilling soil at every cubic metre
~10 kilograms of Cosans, reduce soil pH value.Soil of the pH value less than 5,1~3 kilogram is added in backfilling soil at every cubic metre
Lime, improves soil pH value.So that the soil in citrus orchard field reaches the soda acid of optimal optimum mandarin tree growth
Degree.
Obviously, the method for improving the soil in the citrus orchard field that the present invention is provided is by special for landform different in citrus orchard field
Point carries out soil improvement respectively so that the growth of the more suitable mandarin tree of soil acidity or alkalinity of waterway between mountains reservoir area citrus orchard, thickeies
The depth of active soil stratum, soil is more fertile loose, improves the retain water and nutrients ability of soil in field, liquid manure balance, meet and
Mandarin tree is ensured to water, the demand of fertilizer, oranges and tangerines fruit bearing rate is high, and taste of fruit is good, and yield and quality are greatly improved, and promotes
Local economic benefit.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made etc. all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of improving the soil in citrus orchard field, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1:Choose that 500 meters of height above sea level is following, landform relatively neatly, hilly and mountainous land it is in easy flights in 250Comprising hilly and mountainous land,
The site preparation of 1000 square meters in nonirrigated farmland and paddy field as plantation oranges and tangerines citrus orchard, around the citrus orchard in 10 kilometers of linear extents
Without oranges and tangerines quarantine pest and disease damage；
S2:Trench cave of improving the soil and dig is carried out to the hilly and mountainous land and nonirrigated farmland to improve the soil, and trench is carried out to the paddy field and improved the soil, ditched
Bedding and digging cave are improved the soil；
Method of improving the soil to hilly and mountainous land in the citrus orchard field is：
1）Trench is improved the soil：
For the gradient less than 10% hilly and mountainous land gentle slope ground, the hilly and mountainous land it is domatic on by North and South direction excavate moat
Ditch is improved the soil；When trench trend is not parallel with contour, 0.5 meter~1 meter of soil width is retained as gear every a segment distance
Wall, for intercepting rainwater and silt；
The hillside fields of the hilly and mountainous land for the gradient more than 10%, is the integral multiple of Planting Row Distance based on most of tread width is built,
Terrace land is excavated by 0.3%~0.5% ratio drop along contour by contour principle, trench is dug on the terrace land and is improved the soil, tread width
More than 2.5 meters, terraced wall is highly less than 1.2 meters；Trench is wide 1 meter~and 1.5 meters, it is deep 0.8 meter~1 meter；The trench backfills layered
Pressure buries material of improving the soil, and topsoil is all backfilled if without material of improving the soil；
2）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
The hilly and mountainous land it is domatic on by north and south row to the strain of, thing to according to mandarin tree line-spacing size, using field planting grid
Net, the position in cave of improving the soil in the domatic determination of the hilly and mountainous land；It is described improve the soil cave backfill the time-division lamination buries material of improving the soil, such as without
Material of improving the soil then all backfills topsoil；
Method of improving the soil to nonirrigated farmland in the citrus orchard field is：
Retain existing terrace land or terrace, adjust the specific position of a small amount of irregular plot and influence oranges and tangerines field planting；
1）Trench is improved the soil：
The block nonirrigated farmland of the gentle slope ground to the gradient no more than 10%, the trench uses south-north direction, by mandarin tree line-spacing size
Determine trench spacing；
The block nonirrigated farmland of the slope to the gradient more than 10%, if the difference in height between adjacent two plot is not more than 70 centimetres,
It is entirely domatic above to excavate the trench by parallel contour direction, and same trench is arranged on different plot；If adjacent two places
Difference in height between block is more than 70 centimetres, then excavate some trenches, the plot by line-spacing respectively on each plot
Width is more than 2.5 meters；
2）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
The nonirrigated farmland by north and south row to the strain of, thing to, according to mandarin tree line-spacing size, by field planting grid on the plot really
Surely acupuncture point of improving the soil is put；
Method of improving the soil to paddy field in the citrus orchard field is：
1）Trench is improved the soil：
The paddy field of the gentle slope ground for level land and the gradient no more than 10%, the trench uses south-north direction, by mandarin tree line-spacing
Size determines the trench spacing；The trench is communicated with gutter, and bottom of trench sets 0.3% ratio drop；
The terrace land type paddy field of the slope for the gradient more than 10%, if the difference in height between adjacent two paddy field is not more than 70 centimetres,
Then it is whole it is domatic on excavate the trench by parallel contour direction, and same trench is arranged on different paddy fields；If adjacent
Difference in height between two paddy fields is more than 70 centimetres, then excavate some trenches by line-spacing respectively on each paddy field, described
Plot width is more than 2.5 meters；
2）Trench digging bedding：
Paddy field for active soil stratum depth more than 50 centimetres, carries out trench digging bedding, and oranges and tangerines are planted in furrow face；For drainage performance
The poor paddy field field, the furrow face width is set to 4 meters~5 meters, plants a line mandarin tree；The institute good for drainage performance
Paddy field field is stated, the furrow face width is set to 10 meters~20 meters, plants 2~4 row mandarin trees；Level land and the furrow ditch in low-lying paddy field
Depth is more than 1 meter, and paddy field furrow ditch depth is less than 1 meter；
3）Cave is dug to improve the soil：
The paddy field good more than soil water permeability under 80 centimetres and plough sole for active soil stratum depth, by north and south row to, thing strain to,
According to mandarin tree line-spacing size, determine that digging acupuncture point puts on the paddy field by field planting grid.
2. the method for improving the soil in citrus orchard field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the trench is wide 1~1.5 meter,
0.8~1 meter of depth, the cave of improving the soil is a diameter of 1.5 meters, deep 0.8 meter~1 meter circular nest, or is long 1.3 meters~1.5 meters, depth
0.8 meter~1 meter of square nest；Table soil, the raw-soil, stone pile up separately that the trench and cave of improving the soil are dug out when excavating.
3. the method for improving the soil in citrus orchard field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of improving the soil includes carefully changing
Soil material and thick material of improving the soil, it is described it is thin improve the soil material including farm manure and by break process or biogas fermentation cross it is miscellaneous
One in grass, straw and branch, or weeds, straw, the branch crossed for the farm manure and by break process or biogas fermentation
The mixture of kind or multiple material；The thick material of improving the soil is weeds, straw, the tree crossed without break process or biogas fermentation
Branch.
4. the method for improving the soil in citrus orchard field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the trench backfill and cave of improving the soil
Backfill is using soil and the mixed embankment formula of material of improving the soil：Every cubic metre is divided 3 with the material of improving the soil that dry weight weight is 30~60 kilograms
~5 layers are inserted in the trench, and the thick material of improving the soil puts bottom, and the thin material of improving the soil is put at the middle and upper levels, every layer fill out 0.15~
0.20 meter of soil of depth；During backfill, by 0.6~0.8 meter of deep soil and the thick material of improving the soil it is mixed fill out and reach 0.6~
0.8 meter of depth, former 0.2~0.4 meter of deep soil is backfilled and reaches 0.4~0.6 meter of depth；It is deep by 0.6~0.8 meter
Soil mixes the depth for filling out and reaching 0.6~0.8 meter with the thin material of improving the soil, and former 0.2~0.4 meter of deep soil is backfilled and reached
To 0.4~0.6 meter of depth, by former 0~0.2 meter table earthen backfill and 0.2~0.4 meter of depth is reached, filled out until by trench
Expire and be higher by 0.3~0.4 meter of original ground, make table native and the material of improving the soil landfill depth in the distributed area of Citrus Root.
5. the method for improving the soil in citrus orchard field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that if the soil in the citrus orchard field
Earth pH value is higher than 7, according to the power of alkalescence, 3~10 kilograms of Cosans is added in backfilling soil at every cubic metre, reduces soil pH
Value；Soil of the pH value less than 5,1~3 kilogram of lime is added in backfilling soil at every cubic metre, improves soil pH value.
6. the method for improving the soil in citrus orchard field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mandarin tree line-spacing size is
4~5.5 meters.
7. the method for improving the soil in citrus orchard field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the citrus orchard level of ground water exists
Less than 1 meter, soil parent material is difficult to weathering, and the height of active soil stratum is more than 60 centimetres；Soil parent material easy-weathering, the height of active soil stratum
Degree is more than 20 centimetres, and the volt dry spell in autumn can be not less than 75 tons/mu with water source.
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| CN108076941A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving citrus survival rate |
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| CN108834727A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-20 | 湖南农业大学 | Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater |
| CN109041626A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method |
| CN111149599A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-15 | 重庆市万州区果树技术推广站 | Planting method of blood oranges in taluoke |
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2017
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108076941A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods for improving citrus survival rate |
| CN108496447A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州博锐生态技术有限公司 | A kind of method of engineering Paddy Field Development |
| CN108834727A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-20 | 湖南农业大学 | Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater |
| CN109041626A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method |
| CN111149599A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-15 | 重庆市万州区果树技术推广站 | Planting method of blood oranges in taluoke |
| CN111149599B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-09-03 | 重庆市万州区果树技术推广站 | Planting method of blood oranges in taluoke |
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