CN106922242A - A soil improvement method for citrus orchards - Google Patents

A soil improvement method for citrus orchards Download PDF

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CN106922242A
CN106922242A CN201710140719.9A CN201710140719A CN106922242A CN 106922242 A CN106922242 A CN 106922242A CN 201710140719 A CN201710140719 A CN 201710140719A CN 106922242 A CN106922242 A CN 106922242A
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soil
citrus
meters
depth
soil improvement
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罗弟福
吴彦*
吴彦
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Chongqing Paisenbai Orange Juice Co ltd
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Chongqing Paisenbai Orange Juice Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种柑橘园园地的改土方法,包括以下步骤:S1:选取海拔高度500米以下、地形相对整齐、丘陵山地坡度不大于250的包含丘陵山地、旱地和水田的1000平米的整地作为种植柑橘的柑橘园,S2:对所述丘陵山地和旱地进行壕沟改土和挖穴改土,对所述水田进行壕沟改土、开沟作畦和挖穴改土;本发明的有益效果为通过针对柑橘园园地中不同的地形特点分别进行土壤改良,使得山峡库区柑橘园的土壤酸碱度更加适宜柑橘树的生长,加厚了活土层的深度,土壤更加肥沃疏松,提高了园地中土壤的保水保肥能力,水肥平衡,满足和保障了柑橘树对水、肥的需求量,柑橘挂果率高、果实风味佳,产量和质量均大大提高,促进了当地的经济效益。

The invention provides a soil improvement method for citrus orchards, comprising the following steps: S1: Select 1,000 square meters of hilly land, dry land and paddy fields with an altitude of less than 500 meters, relatively neat terrain, and a slope of hilly land not greater than 25 ° . Land preparation as a citrus orchard for planting citrus, S2: carry out ditches to improve the soil and dig holes to improve the soil on the hills and dry lands, and carry out trenches to improve the soil, ditching and furrowing and dig holes to improve the soil on the paddy fields; the present invention is beneficial The effect is that the soil pH of the citrus orchard in the mountain gorge reservoir area is more suitable for the growth of citrus trees by improving the soil according to the different topographical characteristics of the citrus orchard. The water and fertilizer retention capacity of the middle soil, and the balance of water and fertilizer, meet and guarantee the demand for water and fertilizer of citrus trees. The citrus fruit setting rate is high, the fruit flavor is good, the yield and quality are greatly improved, and the local economic benefits are promoted.

Description

一种柑橘园园地的改土方法A soil improvement method for citrus orchards

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及农业技术领域,具体涉及到一种柑橘园园地的改土方法。The invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to a soil improvement method for citrus orchards.

背景技术Background technique

柑橘结果多、产量高,肥、水消耗量大,对土壤条件的要求比一般的作物高。丰产柑橘园要求土层深、土壤肥沃、疏松、酸碱度适宜。一般的耕地难以达到这个要求,荒山荒坡更差。改土是改良土壤、加深土层、增加肥力,调整土壤酸碱度,为柑橘丰产打好基础。通过很多实践证明,凡是改土做得好的柑橘园,就容易获得优质高产;凡是改土做得差的柑橘园,产量和质量就很难提高。所以,建设柑橘园一定要把土壤改良好,把基础打好。Citrus has many fruits and high yields, consumes a lot of fertilizer and water, and has higher requirements on soil conditions than ordinary crops. High-yield citrus orchards require deep, fertile, loose, and appropriate pH. It is difficult for ordinary cultivated land to meet this requirement, and barren hills and slopes are even worse. Soil improvement is to improve the soil, deepen the soil layer, increase fertility, adjust the pH of the soil, and lay a good foundation for the high yield of citrus. Many practices have proved that any citrus orchard that improves the soil well can easily obtain high-quality and high yields; any citrus orchard that does not improve the soil can hardly improve the yield and quality. Therefore, the construction of citrus orchards must improve the soil and lay a good foundation.

三峡库区温湿适宜,是我国种植柑橘最适宜的地区,发展甜橙生产的优越条件在我国乃至亚洲都少有,但是,目前这一优越条件还没有充分利用起来,然而,由于三峡库区的柑橘栽培园地类型主要以丘陵山地、旱地和水田为主,土壤类型均以紫色土为主,土壤pH高,土层浅,保水保肥能力差,长期以来当地对柑橘的建园等重视不够,未针对库区的自然生态条件形成规范化的柑橘园开挖与建设规程,柑橘生产的规模还不大,栽培前土壤的管理水平不高,致使果园水肥得不到保障,严重制约了柑橘产量和质量的提高。The Three Gorges Reservoir area is suitable for temperature and humidity, and it is the most suitable area for growing citrus in my country. The favorable conditions for the development of sweet orange production are rare in my country and even in Asia. However, this favorable condition has not been fully utilized at present. However, due to the The types of citrus cultivation gardens in China are mainly hilly land, dry land and paddy fields. The soil type is mainly purple soil. The soil pH is high, the soil layer is shallow, and the ability to retain water and fertilizer is poor. For a long time, the local area has not paid enough attention to the construction of citrus gardens. However, no standardized citrus orchard excavation and construction regulations have been formed according to the natural ecological conditions in the reservoir area. The scale of citrus production is not large, and the level of soil management before cultivation is not high, resulting in the lack of guarantee of water and fertilizer in the orchard, which seriously restricts the production of citrus and quality improvement.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了解决当前山峡库区柑橘园的土壤pH高、土层浅、保水保肥能力差、土壤管理水平不高等问题,本发明提供了一种柑橘园园地的改土方法。In order to solve the current problems of high soil pH, shallow soil layer, poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, and low soil management level in citrus orchards in mountain gorge reservoir areas, the invention provides a soil improvement method for citrus orchards.

本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:A method for improving soil in a citrus orchard, comprising the following steps:

S1:选取海拔高度500米以下、地形相对整齐、丘陵山地坡度不大于250的包含丘陵山地、旱地和水田的1000平米的整地作为种植柑橘的柑橘园,所述柑橘园周围10公里直线范围内无柑橘检疫性病虫害;S1: Select a 1,000-square-meter land preparation including hilly land, dry land and paddy fields with an altitude of less than 500 meters, relatively neat terrain, and a slope of hilly land not greater than 25° as an citrus orchard for planting citrus, within a linear range of 10 kilometers around the citrus orchard. No citrus quarantine pests and diseases;

S2:对所述丘陵山地和旱地进行壕沟改土和挖穴改土,对所述水田进行壕沟改土、开沟作畦和挖穴改土;S2: Carry out ditches and dig holes to improve the soil on the hilly land and dry land, and carry out ditches to improve the soil, open ditches and make furrows, and dig holes to improve the soil on the paddy fields;

对所述柑橘园园地中丘陵山地的改土方法为:The method for improving the soil in the hills and mountains in the citrus orchard is:

1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation:

对于坡度小于10%的丘陵山地的缓坡地,在所述丘陵山地的坡面上按南北方向开挖壕沟改土;当壕沟走向与等高线不平行时,每隔一段距离保留0.5米~1米的土壤宽度作为挡墙,用于拦截雨水和泥沙;For gentle slopes in hilly and mountainous areas with slopes less than 10%, excavate ditches in the north-south direction on the slopes of the hilly and mountainous areas to improve the soil; Meters of soil width as a retaining wall for intercepting rainwater and sediment;

对于坡度大于10%的丘陵山地的坡地,基于修建大部分梯面宽度为种植行距的整倍数,按等高原则沿等高线按0.3%~0.5%的比降开挖梯地,在所述梯地上挖壕沟改土,梯面宽度大于2.5米,梯壁高度小于1.2米;壕沟宽1米~1.5米,深0.8米~1米;所述壕沟回填时分层压埋改土材料,如无改土材料则全部回填耕作层土壤;For the hilly and mountainous slopes with a slope greater than 10%, based on the construction of most of the terraces, the width of the terraces is an integral multiple of the planting row spacing, and the terraces are excavated along the contour line at a gradient of 0.3% to 0.5% according to the principle of contour. Digging ditches on the terraced land to improve the soil, the width of the terrace surface is greater than 2.5 meters, and the height of the ladder wall is less than 1.2 meters; the width of the trench is 1 to 1.5 meters, and the depth is 0.8 to 1 meter; If there is no soil improvement material, all backfill the plow layer soil;

2)挖穴改土:2) Digging holes to improve soil:

在所述丘陵山地的坡面上按南北行向、东西株向,根据柑橘树行距大小,采用定植方格网,在所述丘陵山地的坡面确定改土穴的位置;所述改土穴回填时分层压埋改土材料,如无改土材料则全部回填耕作层土壤;According to the north-south direction and the east-west direction on the slope of the hills and mountains, according to the size of the citrus tree row spacing, the field planting grid is adopted to determine the position of the soil improvement hole on the slope of the hills and mountains; when the soil improvement hole is backfilled Bury soil improvement materials layer by layer, if there is no soil improvement material, all backfill the plow layer soil;

对所述柑橘园园地中旱地的改土方法为:The soil improvement method to the dry land in the citrus orchard garden is:

保留现有梯地或阶地,调整少量极不规则地块和影响柑橘定植的特殊位置;Retain the existing terraces or terraces, adjust a small number of extremely irregular plots and special locations that affect citrus planting;

1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation:

对坡度不超过10%的缓坡地上的块状旱地,所述壕沟采用南北走向,按柑橘树行距大小确定壕沟间距;For blocky dry land on gentle slopes with a slope not exceeding 10%, the trenches are north-south, and the trench spacing is determined according to the row spacing of citrus trees;

对坡度超过10%的坡地上的块状旱地,若相邻两地块之间的高度差不大于70厘米,则在整个坡面上按平行等高线方向开挖所述壕沟,且同一壕沟设置于不同地块上;若相邻两地块之间的高度差大于70厘米,则在每个地块上分别按行距开挖若干条所述壕沟,所述地块宽度大于2.5米;For block dry land on a slope with a slope exceeding 10%, if the height difference between two adjacent plots is not greater than 70 cm, the trenches shall be excavated on the entire slope in the direction of parallel contour lines, and the same trench shall be Installed on different plots; if the height difference between two adjacent plots is greater than 70 centimeters, several trenches are dug on each plot according to row spacing, and the width of the plots is greater than 2.5 meters;

2)挖穴改土:2) Digging holes to improve soil:

所述旱地按南北行向、东西株向,根据柑橘树行距大小,按定植方格网在所述地块上确定改土穴位置;Described dry land is according to north-south direction, east-west plant direction, according to the size of citrus tree row spacing, determines the location of soil hole on the plot according to the field planting grid;

对所述柑橘园园地中水田的改土方法为:The method for improving the soil of the paddy field in the described citrus orchard is:

1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation:

对于平地和坡度不超过10%的缓坡地上的水田,所述壕沟采用南北走向,按柑橘树行距大小确定所述壕沟间距;所述壕沟与排水沟相通,沟底设置0.3%的比降;For flat land and paddy fields on gentle slopes where the slope is no more than 10%, the ditch adopts a north-south direction, and the distance between the ditch is determined according to the row spacing of citrus trees;

对于坡度超过10%的坡地上的梯地型水田,若相邻两水田之间的高度差不大于70厘米,则在整个坡面上按平行等高线方向开挖所述壕沟,且同一壕沟设置于不同水田上;若相邻两水田之间的高度差大于70厘米,则在每个水田上分别按行距开挖若干条所述壕沟,所述地块宽度大于2.5米;For terraced paddy fields on slopes with a slope of more than 10%, if the height difference between two adjacent paddy fields is not greater than 70 cm, the trenches shall be excavated in the direction of parallel contour lines on the entire slope, and the same trench Installed on different paddy fields; if the height difference between two adjacent paddy fields is greater than 70 centimeters, excavate several trenches according to row spacing on each paddy field, and the width of the plot is greater than 2.5 meters;

2)开沟作畦:2) Ditching and furrowing:

对于活土层深度大于50厘米的水田,进行开沟作畦,在畦面上种植柑橘;对于排水性能差的所述水田田块,所述畦面宽度设置为4米~5米,种植一行柑橘树;对于排水性能好的所述水田田块,所述畦面宽度设置为10米~20米,种植2~4行柑橘树;平地和低洼水田的畦沟深度大于1米,水田畦沟深度小于1米;For paddy fields with a depth of active soil layer greater than 50 cm, ditching and furrowing are carried out, and citrus is planted on the furrow surface; Citrus trees; for the paddy fields with good drainage performance, the width of the border surface is set to 10 meters to 20 meters, and 2 to 4 rows of citrus trees are planted; The depth is less than 1 meter;

3)挖穴改土:3) Digging holes to improve soil:

对于活土层深度大于80厘米且犁底层下土壤透水性好的水田,按南北行向、东西株向,根据柑橘树行距大小,按定植方格网在所述水田上确定挖穴位置。For paddy fields with a depth of active soil layer greater than 80 cm and good soil water permeability under the plow bed, according to the north-south direction, east-west plant direction, and according to the row spacing of citrus trees, determine the digging position on the paddy field according to the planting grid.

进一步的,所述壕沟宽1~1.5米,深0.8~1米,所述改土穴为直径为1.5米、深0.8米~1米的圆形窝,或为长1.3米~1.5米、深0.8米~1米的方型窝;所述壕沟和改土穴开挖时挖出的表土、生土、石块分开堆放。Further, the trench is 1-1.5 meters wide and 0.8-1 meter deep, and the soil-improving hole is a circular pit with a diameter of 1.5 meters and a depth of 0.8-1 meter, or a circular nest with a length of 1.3-1.5 meters and a depth of 0.8 meters. A square nest of 1m to 1m; the topsoil, raw soil, and stones excavated during the excavation of the trench and the soil improvement hole are stacked separately.

进一步的,所述改土材料包括细改土材料和粗改土材料,所述细改土材料包括农家肥料和经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆与树枝,或为所述农家肥料和经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆、树枝中一种或多种材料的混合物;所述粗改土材料为未经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆、树枝。Further, the soil improvement materials include fine soil improvement materials and rough soil improvement materials, and the fine soil improvement materials include farm manure and weeds, straw and branches that have been crushed or biogas fermented, or are the Fertilizer and a mixture of one or more materials in crushed or methane-fermented weeds, stalks, and branches; the rough soil improvement materials are weeds, straws, and branches that have not been crushed or methane-fermented .

进一步的,所述壕沟回填和改土穴回填均采用土壤和改土材料混填方式:每立方米用干重重量为30~60公斤的改土材料分3~5层填入所述壕沟内,所述粗改土材料放底层,所述细改土材料放中上层,每层填0.15~0.20米深度的土壤;回填时,将0.6~0.8米深的土壤与所述粗改土材料混填并达到0.6~0.8米的深度,将原0.2~0.4米深的土壤回填并达到0.4~0.6米的深度;将0.6~0.8米深的土壤与所述细改土材料混填并达到0.6~0.8米的深度,将原0.2~0.4米深的土壤回填并达到0.4~0.6米的深度,将原0~0.2米的表土回填并达到0.2~0.4米的深度,直到将壕沟填满并高出原地面0.3~0.4米,使表土和所述改土材料的填埋深度在柑橘根系的分布区。Further, both the backfilling of the ditch and the backfilling of the soil improvement holes adopt the mixed filling method of soil and soil improvement materials: the soil improvement materials with a dry weight of 30-60 kg per cubic meter are filled into the trenches in 3 to 5 layers, The rough soil improvement material is placed in the bottom layer, the fine soil improvement material is placed in the middle and upper layers, and each layer is filled with soil at a depth of 0.15 to 0.20 meters; when backfilling, the soil at a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters is mixed with the rough soil improvement material and reach a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters, backfill the original 0.2 to 0.4 meters deep soil and reach a depth of 0.4 to 0.6 meters; mix the 0.6 to 0.8 meters deep soil with the finely modified soil material to reach a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters Backfill the original 0.2-0.4-meter-deep soil to a depth of 0.4-0.6 meters, backfill the original 0-0.2-meter topsoil to a depth of 0.2-0.4 meters until the trench is filled and higher than the original The ground is 0.3 to 0.4 meters, so that the filling depth of the topsoil and the soil improvement materials is in the distribution area of the citrus root system.

进一步的,若所述柑橘园园地的土壤pH值高于7,根据碱性的强弱,在每立方米回填土壤中加入3~10公斤硫磺粉,降低土壤pH值;pH值低于5的土壤,在每立方米回填土壤中加入1~3公斤石灰,提高土壤pH值。Further, if the soil pH value of the citrus orchard is higher than 7, according to the strength of alkalinity, add 3 to 10 kg of sulfur powder per cubic meter of backfill soil to reduce the soil pH value; Soil, add 1 to 3 kg of lime to each cubic meter of backfill soil to increase the pH of the soil.

进一步的,所述柑橘树行距大小为4~5.5米。Further, the row spacing of the citrus trees is 4-5.5 meters.

进一步的,所述柑橘园地下水位在1米以下,成土母质难于风化的,活土层的高度大于60厘米;成土母质易风化的,活土层的高度大于20厘米,伏秋干旱期可用水源不小于75吨/亩。Further, if the groundwater level of the citrus orchard is below 1 meter, if the soil-forming parent material is difficult to weather, the height of the active soil layer is greater than 60 cm; if the soil-forming parent material is easy to weather, the height of the active soil layer is greater than 20 cm, and the height of the active soil layer is greater than 20 cm during the autumn drought period. The available water source is not less than 75 tons/mu.

本发明提供的一种柑橘园园地的改土方法的有益效果为:The beneficial effect of the soil improvement method of a kind of citrus orchard field provided by the invention is:

通过针对柑橘园园地中不同的地形特点分别进行土壤改良,使得山峡库区柑橘园的土壤酸碱度更加适宜柑橘树的生长,加厚了活土层的深度,土壤更加肥沃疏松,提高了园地中土壤的保水保肥能力,水肥平衡,满足和保障了柑橘树对水、肥的需求量,柑橘挂果率高、果实风味佳,产量和质量均大大提高,促进了当地的经济效益。By improving the soil according to the different terrain characteristics of the citrus orchard, the pH of the soil in the citrus orchard in the mountain gorge reservoir area is more suitable for the growth of citrus trees, the depth of the active soil layer is thickened, the soil is more fertile and loose, and the soil in the garden is improved. Excellent water and fertilizer retention capacity, water and fertilizer balance, meet and guarantee the demand for water and fertilizer of citrus trees, high fruit bearing rate of citrus, good fruit flavor, greatly improved yield and quality, and promoted local economic benefits.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明提供的柑橘园园地的改土方法一具体实施例中壕沟或改土穴的开挖和回填示意图;Fig. 1 is the excavation and backfill schematic diagram of ditch or soil improvement hole in a specific embodiment of the soil improvement method of citrus orchard field provided by the invention;

图2为本发明提供的柑橘园园地的改土方法中水田开沟做畦种植柑橘树的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of ditching paddy fields and making borders for planting citrus trees in the soil improvement method for citrus orchards provided by the present invention.

图中:1-表土,2-生土,30-粗改土材料,32-细改土材料,4-水田,42-畦面Ⅰ ,44-畦面Ⅱ,46-畦沟,5柑橘树。In the picture: 1-top soil, 2-raw soil, 30-coarse soil improvement material, 32-fine soil improvement material, 4-paddy field, 42-border surface Ⅰ, 44-border surface Ⅱ, 46-furrow ditch, 5 citrus trees .

下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

具体实施方式detailed description

本发明提供的柑橘园园地的改土方法,包括以下步骤:The soil improvement method of the citrus orchard field provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:

S1:选取海拔高度500米以下、地形相对整齐、丘陵山地坡度不大于250的包含丘陵山地、旱地和水田的1000平米的整地作为种植柑橘的柑橘园,所述柑橘园周围10公里直线范围内无柑橘检疫性病虫害。其次,要求柑橘园地下水位在1米以下,成土母质难于风化的,活土层的高度大于60厘米,成土母质易风化的,活土层的高度大于20厘米,伏秋干旱期可用水源不小于75吨/亩。S1: Select a 1,000-square-meter plot of hilly land, dry land, and paddy fields at an altitude of less than 500 meters, relatively neat terrain, and a slope of hills and mountains not greater than 250 as an citrus orchard for planting citrus. Quarantine pests and diseases of citrus. Secondly, the groundwater level of citrus orchards is required to be below 1 meter. If the parent material of the soil is difficult to weather, the height of the active soil layer should be greater than 60 cm. If the parent material of the soil is easy to be weathered, the height of the active soil layer should be greater than 20 cm. Water sources can be used during the drought period in autumn Not less than 75 tons/mu.

S2:对所述丘陵山地和旱地进行壕沟改土和挖穴改土,对所述水田进行壕沟改土、开沟作畦和挖穴改土。S2: Improve the soil with ditches and dig holes for the hilly and dry lands, and improve the soil with trenches, open ditches and dig holes for the paddy fields.

对所述柑橘园园地中丘陵山地的改土方法为:The method for improving the soil in the hills and mountains in the citrus orchard is:

1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation:

对于坡度小于10%的丘陵山地的缓坡地,在所述丘陵山地的坡面上按南北方向开挖壕沟改土。当壕沟走向与等高线不平行时,每隔一段距离保留0.8米的土壤宽度作为挡墙,以使壕沟形成竹节沟,用于拦截雨水和泥沙,保持柑橘园园地的水土平衡。For gentle slopes in hilly and mountainous areas with a slope of less than 10%, excavate ditches along the north-south direction on the slopes of the hilly and mountainous areas to improve soil. When the direction of the trench is not parallel to the contour line, reserve 0.8 meters of soil width as a retaining wall at intervals to make the trench form a bamboo ditch to intercept rainwater and sediment and maintain the water and soil balance of the citrus orchard.

对于坡度大于10%的丘陵山地的坡地,应基于修建大部分梯面宽度为种植行距的整倍数,按等高原则沿等高线按0.3%~0.5%的比降开挖梯地,在所述梯地上挖壕沟改土,梯面宽度不小于2.5米,梯壁高度不超过1.2米;壕沟宽1米~1.5米,深0.8米~1米。壕沟回填时分层压埋改土材料如农家肥3,如无改土材料则全部回填耕作层土壤。For hilly and mountainous slopes with a slope greater than 10%, the width of most of the terraces should be an integral multiple of the planting row spacing, and the terraces should be excavated along the contour line at a gradient of 0.3% to 0.5% according to the principle of contour. Dig ditches on the terraced land to improve the soil. The width of the terrace is not less than 2.5 meters, and the height of the ladder wall is not more than 1.2 meters; the width of the trench is 1 to 1.5 meters, and the depth is 0.8 to 1 meter. When backfilling the trench, soil improvement materials such as farmyard manure 3 shall be pressed and buried in layers. If there is no soil improvement material, all the plowing layer soil shall be backfilled.

2)挖穴改土:2) Digging holes to improve soil:

在丘陵山地的坡面上按南北行向、东西株向,按4.5米的柑橘树行距大小,采用定植方格网,在丘陵山地的坡面确定改土穴的位置,改土穴为直径1.5米、深0.8米~1米圆形窝。改土穴回填时分层压埋改土材料,如无改土材料则全部回填耕作层土壤。According to the north-south direction and the east-west direction on the slope of the hilly land, according to the row spacing of citrus trees of 4.5 meters, the planting grid is used to determine the position of the soil improvement hole on the slope of the hilly area. The diameter of the soil hole is 1.5 meters. 0.8-1 meter deep circular nest. When backfilling the soil improvement hole, the soil improvement materials are pressed and buried in layers, and if there is no soil improvement material, all the plowing layer soil is backfilled.

对所述柑橘园园地中旱地的改土方法为:The soil improvement method to the dry land in the citrus orchard garden is:

保留现有梯地或阶地,调整少量极不规则地块和影响柑橘定植的特殊位置。Retain the existing terraces or terraces, and adjust a small number of extremely irregular plots and special locations that affect citrus planting.

1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation:

对旱地进行壕沟改土时,对坡度不超过10%的缓坡地上的块状旱地,壕沟采用南北走向,按柑橘树行距大小为4.5米来确定壕沟间距。When moats are used to improve soil on dry land, for blocky dry land on gentle slopes with a slope of no more than 10%, the moats should run in a north-south direction, and the distance between citrus trees should be 4.5 meters to determine the distance between the moats.

对坡度超过10%的坡地上的块状旱地,若相邻两地块之间的高度差不大于70厘米,则在整个坡面上按平行等高线方向开挖壕沟,且同一壕沟设置于不同地块上。若相邻两地块之间的高度差大于70厘米,则在每个地块上分别按4.5米大小的行距开挖若干条所述壕沟,每个地块宽度大于2.5米。For block dry land on a slope with a slope exceeding 10%, if the height difference between two adjacent plots is not greater than 70 cm, ditches shall be excavated along the entire slope in the direction of parallel contour lines, and the same ditches shall be set at on different plots. If the height difference between two adjacent plots is greater than 70 centimeters, several trenches are excavated on each plot with a row spacing of 4.5 meters, and the width of each plot is greater than 2.5 meters.

2)挖穴改土:2) Digging holes to improve soil:

挖穴改土时,旱地按南北行向、东西株向,根据4.5米的柑橘树行距大小,按定植方格网在地块上确定改土穴位置。When digging holes to improve the soil, the dry land follows the north-south direction and the east-west plant direction, and according to the citrus tree row spacing of 4.5 meters, the location of the soil improvement holes is determined on the plot according to the planting grid.

对所述柑橘园园地中水田的改土方法为:The method for improving the soil of the paddy field in the described citrus orchard is:

1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation:

在对水田进行壕沟改土时,对于平地和坡度不超过10%的缓坡地上的水田,所述壕沟采用南北走向,按4.5米的行距大小确定壕沟间距,即壕沟间距为4.5米。壕沟与排水沟相通,沟底设置0.3%的比降,以便于沟底的积水及时排出。When moats are used to improve soil in paddy fields, for paddy fields on flat land and gentle slopes with a slope of no more than 10%, the moats are directed north-south, and the distance between the moats is determined according to the row spacing of 4.5 meters, that is, the distance between the moats is 4.5 meters. The trench is connected with the drainage ditch, and the bottom of the ditch is set with a gradient of 0.3% to facilitate the timely discharge of accumulated water at the bottom of the ditch.

对于坡度超过10%的坡地上的梯地型水田,若相邻两水田之间的高度差不大于70厘米,则在整个坡面上按平行等高线方向开挖所述壕沟,且同一壕沟设置于不同水田上。若相邻两水田之间的高度差大于70厘米,则在每个水田上分别按4.5米大小的行距开挖若干条所述壕沟,所述地块宽度大于2.5米。For terraced paddy fields on slopes with a slope of more than 10%, if the height difference between two adjacent paddy fields is not greater than 70 cm, the trenches shall be excavated in the direction of parallel contour lines on the entire slope, and the same trench Set up on different paddy fields. If the height difference between two adjacent paddy fields is greater than 70 centimeters, several ditches are excavated on each paddy field with a row spacing of 4.5 meters, and the width of the plot is greater than 2.5 meters.

2)开沟作畦:2) Ditching and furrowing:

对于活土层深度大于50厘米的水田,进行开沟作畦,在畦面上种植柑橘。对于排水性能差的水田田块,所述畦面Ⅰ42宽度设置为5米,种植一行柑橘树5。对于排水性能好的水田田块,所述畦面Ⅱ44宽度设置为18米,种植4行柑橘树5。平地和低洼水田的畦沟46深度大于1米,水田畦沟46深度小于1米。For paddy fields with a depth of active soil layer greater than 50 cm, ditching and furrowing are carried out, and citrus is planted on the furrow surface. For paddy fields with poor drainage performance, the width of the border I42 is set to 5 meters, and a row of citrus trees 5 is planted. For paddy fields with good drainage performance, the width of the border II 44 is set to 18 meters, and 4 rows of citrus trees 5 are planted. The depth of furrow 46 in flat land and low-lying paddy field is greater than 1 meter, and the depth of furrow 46 in paddy field is less than 1 meter.

3)挖穴改土:3) Digging holes to improve soil:

对水田进行挖穴改土时,对于活土层深度大于80厘米且犁底层下土壤透水性好的水田,按南北行向,东西株向,根据4.5米的行距大小,按定植方格网在所述水田上确定挖穴位置。When digging holes to improve the soil in paddy fields, for paddy fields with a depth of active soil layer greater than 80 cm and good water permeability under the plow layer, follow the north-south direction, east-west direction, and according to the row spacing of 4.5 meters, according to the planting grid. The location of digging holes is determined on the paddy field.

具体地,在本实施例中,挖宽1~1.5米、深0.8~1米的壕沟,挖直径为1.5米、深0.8米~1米的圆形改土穴,壕沟和改土穴挖出的表土1、生土2、石块分开堆放。本实施例中的改土材料包括细改土材料32和粗改土材料30,细改土材料32包括农家肥料和经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆与树枝,以及农家肥料和经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆、树枝中一种或多种材料的混合物,粗改土材料30为未经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆、树枝。Specifically, in this embodiment, dig a trench with a width of 1 to 1.5 meters and a depth of 0.8 to 1 meter, and dig a circular soil improvement hole with a diameter of 1.5 meters and a depth of 0.8 to 1 meter. 1. Raw soil 2. Stones are stacked separately. The soil improvement materials in the present embodiment include fine soil improvement materials 32 and rough soil improvement materials 30, and the fine soil improvement materials 32 include farm manure and weeds, straw and branches through crushing or biogas fermentation, and farm manure and A mixture of one or more materials in crushed or biogas-fermented weeds, straw, and branches, and the rough improvement soil material 30 is weeds, straw, and branches that have not been crushed or biogas-fermented.

在本实施例中,壕沟回填和改土穴回填均采用土壤和改土材料混填方式:每立方米用干重重量为30~60公斤的改土材料分3~5层填入壕沟内,粗改土材料30放底层,细改土材料32放中上层,每层填0.15~0.20米深度的土壤。回填时,将0.6~0.8米深的土壤与粗改土材料混填并达到0.6~0.8米的深度,将原0.2~0.4米深的土壤回填并达到0.4~0.6米的深度;将0.6~0.8米深的土壤与细改土材料混填并达到0.6~0.8米的深度,将原0.2~0.4米深的土壤回填并达到0.4~0.6米的深度,将原0~0.2米的表土1回填并达到0.2~0.4米的深度,直到将壕沟填满并高出原地面0.3米~0.4米,使表土1和改土材料的填埋深度在柑橘根系的分布区,使改土材料均匀分布在中上层土壤中,使土壤更加肥沃疏松,充分为柑橘树5提供所需的营养物质。In this embodiment, both the backfilling of the ditch and the backfilling of soil improvement holes adopt the mixed filling method of soil and soil improvement materials: the soil improvement materials with a dry weight of 30 to 60 kg per cubic meter are filled in the trench in 3 to 5 layers, roughly The soil improvement material 30 is placed in the bottom layer, and the soil improvement material 32 is placed in the middle and upper layers, and each layer is filled with soil at a depth of 0.15 to 0.20 meters. When backfilling, mix the soil at a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters with rough soil improvement materials to a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters, and backfill the soil at a depth of 0.2 to 0.4 meters to a depth of 0.4 to 0.6 meters; The soil at a depth of one meter is mixed with the modified soil material to a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters, the original soil at a depth of 0.2 to 0.4 meters is backfilled to a depth of 0.4 to 0.6 meters, and the original topsoil 1 at a depth of 0 to 0.2 meters is backfilled and Reach a depth of 0.2 to 0.4 meters until the trench is filled and 0.3 to 0.4 meters above the original ground, so that the filling depth of topsoil 1 and soil improvement materials is in the distribution area of the citrus root system, so that the soil improvement materials are evenly distributed in the middle In the upper soil, make the soil more fertile and loose, and fully provide the required nutrients for the citrus trees.

若柑橘园园地的土壤pH值高于7,根据碱性的强弱,在每立方米回填土壤中加入3~10公斤硫磺粉,降低土壤pH值。pH值低于5的土壤,在每立方米回填土壤中加入1~3公斤石灰,提高土壤pH值。从而使得柑橘园园地内的土壤达到最佳的最适宜柑橘树生长的酸碱度。If the soil pH value of the citrus garden is higher than 7, according to the strength of alkalinity, add 3-10 kg of sulfur powder per cubic meter of backfill soil to reduce the soil pH value. For soil with a pH value lower than 5, add 1 to 3 kg of lime to each cubic meter of backfill soil to increase the soil pH value. So that the soil in the citrus orchard reaches the best pH value suitable for the growth of citrus trees.

显然,本发明提供的柑橘园园地的改土方法通过针对柑橘园园地中不同的地形特点分别进行土壤改良,使得山峡库区柑橘园的土壤酸碱度更加适宜柑橘树的生长,加厚了活土层的深度,土壤更加肥沃疏松,提高了园地中土壤的保水保肥能力,水肥平衡,满足和保障了柑橘树对水、肥的需求量,柑橘挂果率高,果实风味佳,产量和质量均大大提高,促进了当地的经济效益。Apparently, the soil improvement method for citrus orchards provided by the present invention makes the soil pH of the citrus orchards in the mountain gorge reservoir area more suitable for the growth of citrus trees, and thickens the active soil layer by aiming at different topographical characteristics in the citrus orchards. The depth of the soil is more fertile and loose, which improves the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil in the garden. The balance of water and fertilizer meets and guarantees the water and fertilizer demand of citrus trees. The fruit setting rate of citrus is high, the fruit flavor is good, and the yield and quality are greatly improved. Improve and promote local economic benefits.

以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention , should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. a method for improving soil in a citrus orchard field, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1:选取海拔高度500米以下、地形相对整齐、丘陵山地坡度不大于250的包含丘陵山地、旱地和水田的1000平米的整地作为种植柑橘的柑橘园,所述柑橘园周围10公里直线范围内无柑橘检疫性病虫害;S1: Select a 1,000-square-meter land preparation including hilly land, dry land and paddy fields with an altitude of less than 500 meters, relatively neat terrain, and a slope of hilly land not greater than 25° as an citrus orchard for planting citrus, within a linear range of 10 kilometers around the citrus orchard. No citrus quarantine pests and diseases; S2:对所述丘陵山地和旱地进行壕沟改土和挖穴改土,对所述水田进行壕沟改土、开沟作畦和挖穴改土;S2: Carry out ditches and dig holes to improve the soil on the hilly land and dry land, and carry out ditches to improve the soil, open ditches and make furrows, and dig holes to improve the soil on the paddy fields; 对所述柑橘园园地中丘陵山地的改土方法为:The method for improving the soil in the hills and mountains in the citrus orchard is: 1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation: 对于坡度小于10%的丘陵山地的缓坡地,在所述丘陵山地的坡面上按南北方向开挖壕沟改土;当壕沟走向与等高线不平行时,每隔一段距离保留0.5米~1米的土壤宽度作为挡墙,用于拦截雨水和泥沙;For gentle slopes in hilly and mountainous areas with slopes less than 10%, excavate ditches in the north-south direction on the slopes of the hilly and mountainous areas to improve the soil; Meters of soil width as a retaining wall for intercepting rainwater and sediment; 对于坡度大于10%的丘陵山地的坡地,基于修建大部分梯面宽度为种植行距的整倍数,按等高原则沿等高线按0.3%~0.5%的比降开挖梯地,在所述梯地上挖壕沟改土,梯面宽度大于2.5米,梯壁高度小于1.2米;壕沟宽1米~1.5米,深0.8米~1米;所述壕沟回填时分层压埋改土材料,如无改土材料则全部回填耕作层土壤;For the hilly and mountainous slopes with a slope greater than 10%, based on the construction of most of the terraces, the width of the terraces is an integral multiple of the planting row spacing, and the terraces are excavated along the contour line at a gradient of 0.3% to 0.5% according to the principle of contour. Digging ditches on the terraced land to improve the soil, the width of the terrace surface is greater than 2.5 meters, and the height of the ladder wall is less than 1.2 meters; the width of the trench is 1 to 1.5 meters, and the depth is 0.8 to 1 meter; If there is no soil improvement material, all backfill the plow layer soil; 2)挖穴改土:2) Digging holes to improve soil: 在所述丘陵山地的坡面上按南北行向、东西株向,根据柑橘树行距大小,采用定植方格网,在所述丘陵山地的坡面确定改土穴的位置;所述改土穴回填时分层压埋改土材料,如无改土材料则全部回填耕作层土壤;According to the north-south direction and the east-west direction on the slope of the hills and mountains, according to the size of the citrus tree row spacing, the field planting grid is adopted to determine the position of the soil improvement hole on the slope of the hills and mountains; when the soil improvement hole is backfilled Bury soil improvement materials layer by layer, if there is no soil improvement material, all backfill the plow layer soil; 对所述柑橘园园地中旱地的改土方法为:The soil improvement method to the dry land in the citrus orchard garden is: 保留现有梯地或阶地,调整少量极不规则地块和影响柑橘定植的特殊位置;Retain the existing terraces or terraces, adjust a small number of extremely irregular plots and special locations that affect citrus planting; 1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation: 对坡度不超过10%的缓坡地上的块状旱地,所述壕沟采用南北走向,按柑橘树行距大小确定壕沟间距;For blocky dry land on gentle slopes with a slope not exceeding 10%, the trenches are north-south, and the trench spacing is determined according to the row spacing of citrus trees; 对坡度超过10%的坡地上的块状旱地,若相邻两地块之间的高度差不大于70厘米,则在整个坡面上按平行等高线方向开挖所述壕沟,且同一壕沟设置于不同地块上;若相邻两地块之间的高度差大于70厘米,则在每个地块上分别按行距开挖若干条所述壕沟,所述地块宽度大于2.5米;For block dry land on a slope with a slope exceeding 10%, if the height difference between two adjacent plots is not greater than 70 cm, the trenches shall be excavated on the entire slope in the direction of parallel contour lines, and the same trench shall be Installed on different plots; if the height difference between two adjacent plots is greater than 70 centimeters, several trenches are dug on each plot according to row spacing, and the width of the plots is greater than 2.5 meters; 2)挖穴改土:2) Digging holes to improve soil: 所述旱地按南北行向、东西株向,根据柑橘树行距大小,按定植方格网在所述地块上确定改土穴位置;Described dry land is according to north-south direction, east-west plant direction, according to the size of citrus tree row spacing, determines the location of soil hole on the plot according to the field planting grid; 对所述柑橘园园地中水田的改土方法为:The method for improving the soil of the paddy field in the described citrus orchard is: 1)壕沟改土:1) Trench reformation: 对于平地和坡度不超过10%的缓坡地上的水田,所述壕沟采用南北走向,按柑橘树行距大小确定所述壕沟间距;所述壕沟与排水沟相通,沟底设置0.3%的比降;For flat land and paddy fields on gentle slopes where the slope is no more than 10%, the ditch adopts a north-south direction, and the distance between the ditch is determined according to the row spacing of citrus trees; 对于坡度超过10%的坡地上的梯地型水田,若相邻两水田之间的高度差不大于70厘米,则在整个坡面上按平行等高线方向开挖所述壕沟,且同一壕沟设置于不同水田上;若相邻两水田之间的高度差大于70厘米,则在每个水田上分别按行距开挖若干条所述壕沟,所述地块宽度大于2.5米;For terraced paddy fields on slopes with a slope of more than 10%, if the height difference between two adjacent paddy fields is not greater than 70 cm, the trenches shall be excavated in the direction of parallel contour lines on the entire slope, and the same trench Installed on different paddy fields; if the height difference between two adjacent paddy fields is greater than 70 centimeters, excavate several trenches according to row spacing on each paddy field, and the width of the plot is greater than 2.5 meters; 2)开沟作畦:2) Ditching and furrowing: 对于活土层深度大于50厘米的水田,进行开沟作畦,在畦面上种植柑橘;对于排水性能差的所述水田田块,所述畦面宽度设置为4米~5米,种植一行柑橘树;对于排水性能好的所述水田田块,所述畦面宽度设置为10米~20米,种植2~4行柑橘树;平地和低洼水田的畦沟深度大于1米,水田畦沟深度小于1米;For paddy fields with a depth of active soil layer greater than 50 cm, ditching and furrowing are carried out, and citrus is planted on the furrow surface; Citrus trees; for the paddy fields with good drainage performance, the width of the border surface is set to 10 meters to 20 meters, and 2 to 4 rows of citrus trees are planted; The depth is less than 1 meter; 3)挖穴改土:3) Digging holes to improve soil: 对于活土层深度大于80厘米且犁底层下土壤透水性好的水田,按南北行向、东西株向,根据柑橘树行距大小,按定植方格网在所述水田上确定挖穴位置。For paddy fields with a depth of active soil layer greater than 80 cm and good soil water permeability under the plow bed, according to the north-south direction, east-west plant direction, and according to the row spacing of citrus trees, determine the digging position on the paddy field according to the planting grid. 2.根据权利要求1所述的柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,所述壕沟宽1~1.5米,深0.8~1米,所述改土穴为直径为1.5米、深0.8米~1米的圆形窝,或为长1.3米~1.5米、深0.8米~1米的方型窝;所述壕沟和改土穴开挖时挖出的表土、生土、石块分开堆放。2. The soil improvement method for citrus orchards according to claim 1, wherein the trench is 1 to 1.5 meters wide and 0.8 to 1 meter deep, and the soil improvement hole is 1.5 meters in diameter and 0.8 to 1 meter deep. A circular nest of 1 meter, or a square nest with a length of 1.3 to 1.5 meters and a depth of 0.8 to 1 meter; the topsoil, raw soil, and stones dug out during the excavation of the trenches and soil improvement holes are stacked separately. 3.根据权利要求1所述的柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,所述改土材料包括细改土材料和粗改土材料,所述细改土材料包括农家肥料和经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆与树枝,或为所述农家肥料和经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆、树枝中一种或多种材料的混合物;所述粗改土材料为未经过破碎处理或沼气发酵过的杂草、秸杆、树枝。3. the soil improvement method of citrus orchard garden according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described soil improvement material comprises fine improvement soil material and rough improvement soil material, and described fine improvement soil material comprises farmyard manure and after crushing treatment or biogas-fermented weeds, stalks and branches, or a mixture of one or more materials in the farm manure and crushed or biogas-fermented weeds, stalks and branches; The materials are weeds, straw, and branches that have not been crushed or biogas-fermented. 4.根据权利要求1所述的柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,所述壕沟回填和改土穴回填均采用土壤和改土材料混填方式:每立方米用干重重量为30~60公斤的改土材料分3~5层填入所述壕沟内,所述粗改土材料放底层,所述细改土材料放中上层,每层填0.15~0.20米深度的土壤;回填时,将0.6~0.8米深的土壤与所述粗改土材料混填并达到0.6~0.8米的深度,将原0.2~0.4米深的土壤回填并达到0.4~0.6米的深度;将0.6~0.8米深的土壤与所述细改土材料混填并达到0.6~0.8米的深度,将原0.2~0.4米深的土壤回填并达到0.4~0.6米的深度,将原0~0.2米的表土回填并达到0.2~0.4米的深度,直到将壕沟填满并高出原地面0.3~0.4米,使表土和所述改土材料的填埋深度在柑橘根系的分布区。4. The soil improvement method of the citrus orchard according to claim 1, characterized in that, the backfilling of the ditch and the soil improvement holes all adopt the mixed filling mode of soil and soil improvement materials: the dry weight per cubic meter is 30~ 60 kg of soil improvement materials are filled into the trench in 3 to 5 layers, the coarse soil improvement materials are placed on the bottom layer, the fine soil improvement materials are placed on the middle and upper layers, and each layer is filled with soil at a depth of 0.15 to 0.20 meters; when backfilling , mix the 0.6-0.8 m deep soil with the rough soil improvement material to reach a depth of 0.6-0.8 m, backfill the original 0.2-0.4 m deep soil to reach a 0.4-0.6 m depth; mix 0.6-0.8 The soil at a depth of one meter is mixed with the modified soil material to reach a depth of 0.6 to 0.8 meters, the original soil at a depth of 0.2 to 0.4 meters is backfilled to a depth of 0.4 to 0.6 meters, and the original surface soil at a depth of 0 to 0.2 meters is backfilled And reach a depth of 0.2 to 0.4 meters, until the trench is filled and 0.3 to 0.4 meters above the original ground, so that the filling depth of the topsoil and the soil improvement materials is in the distribution area of the citrus root system. 5.根据权利要求1所述的柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,若所述柑橘园园地的土壤pH值高于7,根据碱性的强弱,在每立方米回填土壤中加入3~10公斤硫磺粉,降低土壤pH值;pH值低于5的土壤,在每立方米回填土壤中加入1~3公斤石灰,提高土壤pH值。5. The soil improvement method of the citrus orchard according to claim 1, wherein if the soil pH value of the citrus orchard is higher than 7, according to the strength of alkalinity, add 3-10 kg of sulfur powder to reduce the soil pH value; for soil with a pH value lower than 5, add 1-3 kg of lime to each cubic meter of backfill soil to increase the soil pH value. 6.根据权利要求1所述的柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,所述柑橘树行距大小为4~5.5米。6 . The soil improvement method for citrus orchards according to claim 1 , characterized in that the row spacing of the citrus trees is 4 to 5.5 meters. 7.根据权利要求1所述的柑橘园园地的改土方法,其特征在于,所述柑橘园地下水位在1米以下,成土母质难于风化的,活土层的高度大于60厘米;成土母质易风化的,活土层的高度大于20厘米,伏秋干旱期可用水源不小于75吨/亩。7. The soil improvement method of the citrus orchard according to claim 1, characterized in that, the underground water level of the citrus orchard is below 1 meter, and the soil-forming parent material is difficult to be weathered, and the height of the living soil layer is greater than 60 centimeters; If the parent material is easy to weather, the height of the active soil layer is greater than 20 cm, and the available water source is not less than 75 tons/mu during the autumn drought period.
CN201710140719.9A 2017-03-10 2017-03-10 A soil improvement method for citrus orchards Pending CN106922242A (en)

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CN111149599A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-15 重庆市万州区果树技术推广站 A method of planting tarocco blood oranges

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108076941A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-29 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 A kind of implantation methods for improving citrus survival rate
CN108496447A (en) * 2018-03-12 2018-09-07 贵州博锐生态技术有限公司 A kind of method of engineering Paddy Field Development
CN108834727A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-20 湖南农业大学 Rice field, which replants citrus, prevents the cultivation method for matching of soil top backwater
CN109041626A (en) * 2018-08-03 2018-12-21 湖南农业大学 Newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method
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