CN109041626A - Newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method - Google Patents
Newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109041626A CN109041626A CN201810880298.8A CN201810880298A CN109041626A CN 109041626 A CN109041626 A CN 109041626A CN 201810880298 A CN201810880298 A CN 201810880298A CN 109041626 A CN109041626 A CN 109041626A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, a kind of newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method are disclosed.For hilly region in South China deserted mountain barren hill, gentle slope, the soil in flakes such as hills hillock, trench digging is taken to raise moat Soil building method, overcome the problems, such as that the effect of the existing technology that prevents erosion is poor, preservation capacity of water and fertility difference, the present invention, which creates citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method and has, prevents erosion that effect is good, preservation capacity of water and fertility is good, improvement advantage of lower cost, improvement period relatively short beneficial effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method.
Background technique
Citrus result is more, yield is high, and fertilizer, water consumption are big, and the requirement to edaphic condition is higher than general crop.High yield mandarin orange
It is suitable for that optimum is the soil of pH5.5~6.5 that orangery, which requires 60 centimetres or more deeply of soil layer, fertile soil, loose ventilative, pH value,
Earth.General arable land is difficult to reach this requirement, and deserted mountain barren hill is worse.Improving the soil is to improve soil, deepen soil layer, increase fertility,
Soil acidity or alkalinity is adjusted, is laid a solid foundation for citrus good harvest.It was verified that all well-done citrus orchards of improving the soil, are easy for obtaining
Good quality and high output；All improve the soil is made the citrus orchard of difference, and yield and quality is difficult to improve.So being had to when construction citrus orchard
Soil improvement is good, jail is beaten on basis.
Orchard establishment is that the growth conditions such as good growing weather, soil, rich water are provided for citrus, is the high yield of citrus, stable yields and excellent
Matter provides good environmental condition, and provides convenient and fast traffic, reduces production cost, improves production efficiency.Newly-built citrus orchard is answered
With Transport Machinery, soil improvement plough deeply curing, irrigation and drainage system, plantation standardization, management science turn to target, combine
Orchard Construction and Orange Producing and natural environment it is mutually coordinated, adhere to adaptation to local conditions, as far as possible using existing mountain, water, garden,
The conditions such as woods, road, unified planning, concentration build new orchard in flakes.
Hilly region in South China deserted mountain barren hill, the gentle slope hillock Di Qiu the topsoil soils that are mainly characterized by be based on red soil or yellow earth
New soil, earth's surface cover the living soil thickness filled out generally only have 20-30 centimetres, and without pass through any improvement maturing process, because
This soil physical property is very poor, and without crumb structure, the soil content of organic matter is extremely low, Soil Available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content pole
Low, soil fertility is low, and soil pH value is low, forms acid soil, citrus is planted on this soil, and yield and quality is very low, warp
Help inefficiencies.
The present invention primarily directed to hilly region in South China deserted mountain barren hill, gentle slope, the soil in flakes such as mound hillock, such soil soil
Earth pH value is low, soil layer is shallow, severe water and soil erosion, preservation capacity of water and fertility are poor, carries out soil according to newly-built citrus orchard soil characteristic and changes
Good and fertilizing provides a kind of soil improvement advantage of lower cost, and the improvement period is shorter, and orange yield high-quality is good, economic benefit
High hilly region in South China creates citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome, soil fertility of the existing technology is low, preservation capacity of water and fertility is poor, prevents water and soil
Be lost the problems such as effect is poor, a kind of newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method be provided, the newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement with
Effect is good, preservation capacity of water and fertility is good, improvement advantage of lower cost with preventing erosion for fertilizer application method, and the improvement period is relatively short
The features such as.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method, including following
Step:
Choose the gradient 10-25 degree comprising Gentle hillside, low hillside, hills hillock, the gentle slope of intermountain gently
Field of the ground as newly-built citrus orchard；
To the gentle slope carry out moat Soil building of raising of ditching；
The moat Soil building method of raising of ditching are as follows:
For the gentle slope, according to topography and geomorphology, terrace land is built, terrace land will be built along contour, first be carried out
Reasonable planning, carries out from bottom to top when building, and first weeds are rooted out, and is deposited on one side, uses as backfill organic materials, convenient
When in heaps can store；Surface soil is removed again, about 0.2 meter of thickness of surface soil, is separately stored, is further continued for by gentle slope flattening, build up
Terraced fields afterwards, terraced bottom width are slightly tilted to terraced wall at 4.5-5.0 meters；In terrace land face, the partially outer unwrapping wire of middle line digs trench, from outer rim
1.5 meters of unwrapping wire mark the boundary line dikaged with lime, and the depth and width of trench are 1 meter, and the soil dug out will be layered
Pile up separately convenient for filling when soil backfill by native soil level Grids, and adds soil amelioration material.
Further, back ditch is excavated in 0.2-0.3 meters of distance ladder wall of position under terraced wall, and back ditch compares 0.5%- by ditch drop
0.75% excavates, and carries on the back and builds desilting water hole, reservoir by ditch, or back ditch is scraped out ring ditch；The reservoir size is 1 cubic metre,
The desilting water hole size is 0.5 cubic metre, the reservoir, desilting water hole, gutter, the surface soil dug out when carrying on the back ditch, dikaging,
The raw-soil, stone pile up separately.
Further, the ring ditch by gutter be every 5-10 meter with stone or grass base build it is one fluid-tight short
The height of wall, the parapet reaches the 1/2-2/3 of ditch depth.
Further, the soil amelioration material includes that crude fibre class soil amelioration material, muck class soil amelioration material and commercial fertilizer change
Soil material, the crude fibre class soil amelioration material include weeds, straw, rice husk, wood sawdust, the leaf branch of tree, mushroom slag, one in scarp
Kind or a variety of mixtures, the muck class soil amelioration material include one of Pig dung and urine, chicken manure, biogas residue, cow dung, farmyard manure or
A variety of mixtures, the commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material include calcium magnesium phosphate, lime, organic commercial fertilizer.
Further, soil backfill inversely divides 4 layers of layering landfill by native soil level, is mixed using soil and soil amelioration material
The mode of landfill；
The native soil level Grids landfill refers to successively fills topsoil, Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii, wind from bottom to top
Change weaker subsoil, first layer filler is filled using crude fibre class soil amelioration material and topsoil layering, first fills 0.05
The crude fibre class soil amelioration material of meter Hou Du, then the topsoil of 0.05 meter of thickness is backfilled, it repeats the above steps, until first layer is filled out
Material is with a thickness of 0.4 meter；Second layer filler applies the side of 2 kilograms of lime by uniformly mixing in the backfill topsoil of every 2 meters of trench length
Formula is backfilled；Third layer filler is mixed using muck class soil amelioration material with Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii weight ratio 7:3；4th layer of filler
Using commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material the subsoil mixing 10-15 kilogram calcium magnesium phosphate and 20-25 weaker by every cubic metre of weathering
The preparation of kilogram organic fertilizer；
40 centimetres of first layer thickness, 30-40 centimetres of second layer thickness, 10-20 centimetres of third layer thickness, the 4th layer by trench
It fills up and is higher by 30 centimetres of original ground.
Further, matrix is acid strong Quaternary Red Clays, plate shale waste, sandstone waste, granite
The soil of waste development, 2-3 kilograms of lime, which is added, in every cubic metre of backfill soil can pass through sieving according to the actual situation
Remove the relic or parent rock for thering is diameter to be greater than 2 centimetres in soil.
Further, it places 2 months after soil backfill, is reacted for soil improvement with fertilizing.
Further, the desilting water hole setting is in back ditch or gutter water outlet position.
Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention creates citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizing side
Method has thickened soil thickness, improves soil texture, increases soil nutrient content, improves soil organic matter content, loose
Soil, is conducive to the lower bundle of mandarin tree root system, is evenly distributed and develops in depth, can make full use of the nutrient and water of soil
Point, Growth status is healthy and strong, stable yield, and can improve drought resisting, cold tolerance；Improve the soil acidity or alkalinity ring of Ci trus growth
Border is conducive to edaphon breeding and growth of mycorrhiza, enhances root system absorbability, promote the normal growth of mandarin tree；It excavates
Gutter, back ditch, reservoir, desilting water hole, useful storage and draining, prevent terrace land ponding and avalanche, reservoir part rainwater delays
The appearance of Citrus Orchard damage caused by a drought reduces soil erosion, reaches the effect of retain water and nutrients；Soil amelioration material is to be easy to obtain according to locality
The suitable organic materials of improving the soil of organic waste selection, soil improvement advantage of lower cost；Citrus orchard is after backfill after 2 months
Citrus seedling can be planted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that trench digging is raised the structural schematic diagram that moat is improved the soil in newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method；
Fig. 2 is trench soil layering backfill schematic diagram in newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method.
Description of symbols
1 back 2 reservoir of ditch, 3 trench
4 ground, 5 first layer, 6 second layer
The 4th layer of 7 third layer 8
Specific embodiment
The present invention creates citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method, comprising the following steps:
Choose the gradient 15-25 degree comprising Gentle hillside, low hillside, hills hillock, intermountain level land gentle slope
Field as newly-built citrus orchard；
To the gentle slope carry out moat Soil building of raising of ditching；
Trench digging is raised moat Soil building method:
For the gentle slope, according to topography and geomorphology, terrace land is built, terrace land will be built along contour, first be carried out
Reasonable planning, carries out from bottom to top when building, and first weeds are rooted out, and is deposited on one side, uses as backfill organic materials, convenient
When in heaps can store；Surface soil is removed again, about 0.2 meter of thickness of surface soil, is separately stored, is further continued for by gentle slope flattening, build up
Terraced fields afterwards, terraced bottom width are slightly tilted to terraced wall at 4.5-5.0 meters；In terrace land face, the partially outer unwrapping wire of middle line digs trench 3, from outer
1.5 meters of unwrapping wire of edge, the boundary line excavated with lime label trench 3, the depth and width of trench 3 are 1 meter, and the soil dug out is wanted
It is layered pile up separately, convenient for filling when soil backfill by native soil level Grids, and adds soil amelioration material；
Back ditch 1 is excavated in 0.2-0.3 meters of distance ladder wall of position under terraced wall, and back ditch 1 is dropped by ditch to be opened than 0.5%-0.75%
It digs, carries on the back and build desilting water hole, reservoir 2 by ditch 1, or back ditch 1 is scraped out into ring ditch；2 size of reservoir is 1 cubic metre, described
Desilting water hole size be 0.5 cubic metre, the reservoir 2, desilting water hole, gutter, back ditch 1, trench 3 excavate when dig out surface soil,
The raw-soil, stone pile up separately.
The ring ditch is by building a fluid-tight parapet, the parapet with stone or careless base every 5-10 meters in gutter
Height reach the 1/2-2/3 of ditch depth.
The desilting water hole setting is in back ditch or gutter water outlet position.
The soil amelioration material includes crude fibre class soil amelioration material, muck class soil amelioration material and commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material, institute
Stating crude fibre class soil amelioration material includes one of weeds, straw, rice husk, wood sawdust, the branches and leaves of tree, mushroom slag, scarp or a variety of
Mixture, the muck class soil amelioration material includes one of Pig dung and urine, chicken manure, cow dung, farmyard manure or a variety of mixtures,
The commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material includes calcium magnesium phosphate, lime, organic fertilizer.
Soil backfill inversely divides 4 layers of layering landfill by native soil level, using the side of soil and soil amelioration material blended landfill
Formula；
The native soil level Grids landfill refers to successively fills topsoil, Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii, wind from bottom to top
Change weaker subsoil, first layer filler is filled using crude fibre class soil amelioration material and topsoil layering, first fills 0.05
The crude fibre class soil amelioration material of meter Hou Du, then the topsoil of 0.05 meter of thickness is backfilled, it repeats the above steps, until first layer is filled out
Material is with a thickness of 0.4 meter；Second layer filler applies the side of 2 kilograms of lime by uniformly mixing in the backfill topsoil of every 2 meters of trench length
Formula is backfilled；Third layer filler is mixed using decomposed organic matter soil amelioration material with Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii weight ratio 7:3；4th layer
Filler using commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material by the weaker 10-15 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate of subsoil mixing of every cubic metre of weathering and
20-25 kilograms of organic fertilizer preparation；
40 centimetres of first layer thickness, 30-40 centimetres of second layer thickness, 10-20 centimetres of third layer thickness, the 4th layer by trench
It fills up and is higher by 30 centimetres of original ground.
Matrix is acid strong Quaternary Red Clays, plate shale waste, sandstone waste, the development of Weathered Granite object
Soil, in every cubic metre of backfill soil be added 2-3 kilograms of lime, according to the actual situation, can by sieving remove soil in
There is diameter to be greater than 2 centimetres of relic or parent rock.
It places 2 months after soil backfill, is reacted for soil improvement with fertilizing.
As shown in Figure 1, excavating back ditch 1 under terraced wall, the excavation position of ditch 1 is carried on the back from terraced wall 0.2-0.3 meters of place.Back
Ditch 1 wants a head height a little, and other end is lower, facilitates draining.20 meters long of back ditch 1, one than 10-15 centimetres of (ditch of another head height
Drop is than 0.5%-0.75%).Desilting water hole and reservoir 2 are built by back ditch 1, or scrapes out ring ditch, this ring ditch is than common
Draining ditch depth it is a little, build a fluid-tight parapet with stone or careless base every 5-10 meters in ditch, the height of parapet reaches ditch
Deep 1/2-2/3, parapet when raining every time in ditch can intercept rainwater and silt, reduce soil erosion, while can drain again.
The terraced fields of ponding are easy, back ditch 1 will be deepened, and make level of ground water steadily in the long term at 1 meter hereinafter, raw convenient for soil aeration and root system
It is long, it prevents from that root system is caused to black, active radicals growth retardation, the absorption of obstacle nutrient, plant leaf blade jaundice.
Terrace land digs trench 3 in the partially outer unwrapping wire of tread middle line, and unwrapping wire is to mark the boundary line dikaged, two sides with lime
Width between boundary line is the width that trench 3 excavates.Newly repair the trench 3 of terrace land (tableland) preferably with build terrace land simultaneously into
Row, from bottom to top builds terrace land, the surface soil of upper level terrace land, weeds etc. is filled out in next stage trench, can save labour.Trench
3 1-1.2 meters of width, it is 0.8-1 meters deep.When 3 soil of trench backfills, inversely divide 4 layers of layering landfill by native soil level, using soil with
The mode of soil amelioration material blended landfill is successively filled by first layer 5, the second layer 6, third layer 7, the 4th layer of 8 sequence from bottom to top.
Usually in the middle part of the higher hillside of topography or more, topography is higher on hills hillock, generally will not ponding, but to prevent
Rain drop erosion and soil erosion need to excavate gutter, orchard of destroying by rush of water when preventing from raining heavily, and gutter position is usually in plot
The inside, that is, the side close to slope, 30-40 centimetres of depth of drainage ditch of common hills hillock, by every gutter
1-2 1 cubic metre or so of small reservoir 2 is dug on side, digs 1 0.5 cubic metre or so of desilting water hole, long gutter in water outlet
Increase one or more desilting water holes in centre.In order to increase the water storage on hills hillock, hills hillock gutter can also be scraped out into bamboo
Save ditch.
As shown in Fig. 2, inversely dividing 4 layers of layering landfill when 3 soil of trench backfills by native soil level, using soil and changing
The mode of soil material blended landfill is successively filled by first layer 5, the second layer 6, third layer 7, the 4th layer of 8 sequence from bottom to top, the
One layer of 5 filler is filled using crude fibre class soil amelioration material and topsoil layering, and the crude fibre class for first filling 0.05 meter of thickness changes
Soil material, then the topsoil of 0.05 meter of thickness is backfilled, it repeats the above steps, until first layer depth of packing is 0.4 meter；Second
6 filler of layer are backfilled in the way of uniformly mixing in the backfill topsoil of every 2 meters of trench length and applying 2 kilograms of lime；Third layer 7
Filler is mixed using muck class soil amelioration material with Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii weight ratio 7:3；4th layer of 8 filler are improved the soil using commercial fertilizer
Material is prepared by the weaker 10-15 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate of subsoil mixing of every cubic metre of weathering with 15-20 kilograms of organic fertilizer；
40 centimetres of 5 thickness of first layer, 30-40 centimetres of 6 thickness of the second layer, 10-20 centimetres of 7 thickness of third layer, the 4th layer 8 will
Trench fills up and is higher by 30 centimetres than ground 4.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement and fertilizer application method, which comprises the following steps:
Choose the gradient 10-25 degree comprising Gentle hillside, low hillside, hills hillock, make to the gentle slope of intermountain gently
For the field for creating citrus orchard；
To the gentle slope carry out moat Soil building of raising of ditching；
The moat Soil building method of raising of ditching are as follows:
For the gentle slope, terrace land is built, terrace land will be built along contour, be carried out from bottom to top when building, first miscellaneous
Sod lifter removes, and is deposited on one side, uses as backfill organic materials；Surface soil is removed again, is removed surface soil with a thickness of 0.2 meter, is separately stored,
It is further continued for by gentle slope flattening；Terraced fields after building up, terraced bottom width are tilted at 4.5-5.0 meters to terraced wall；In terrace land face middle line
Partially outer unwrapping wire digs trench, and 1.5 meters from outer rim unwrapping wire mark the boundary line dikaged with lime, and the depth and width of trench are equal
It is 1 meter, the soil dug out will be layered pile up separately, convenient for filling when soil backfill by native soil level Grids, and add
Soil amelioration material.
2. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 1 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that the distance under terraced wall
Back ditch is excavated in terraced wall 0.2-0.3 meters of position, and back ditch is dropped by ditch to be excavated than 0.5%-0.75%, carries on the back and builds desilting water hole, water storage by ditch
Pond, or back ditch is scraped out into ring ditch；The reservoir size is 1 cubic metre, and the desilting water hole size is 0.5 cubic metre, described
Reservoir, desilting water hole, gutter, the surface soil carrying on the back ditch and being dug out when dikaging, the raw-soil, stone pile up separately.
3. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 2 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that the ring ditch by
Gutter is built a fluid-tight parapet and is formed every 5-10 meters with stone or careless base, and the height of the parapet reaches the 1/ of ditch depth
2-2/3。
4. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 2 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that the desilting water hole is set
It sets in back ditch or gutter water outlet position.
5. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 1 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that the soil amelioration material
Including crude fibre class soil amelioration material, muck class soil amelioration material and commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material, the crude fibre class soil amelioration material packet
One of weeds, straw, rice husk, wood sawdust, the leaf branch of tree, mushroom slag, scarp or a variety of mixtures are included, the muck class changes
Soil material includes one of Pig dung and urine, chicken manure, biogas residue, cow dung, farmyard manure or a variety of mixtures, and the commercial fertilizer is improved the soil
Material includes calcium magnesium phosphate, lime, organic commercial fertilizer.
6. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 1 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that soil backfill is by original
Soil layer inversely divides 4 layers of layering landfill, by the way of soil and soil amelioration material blended landfill；
It is described to refer to from bottom to top successively landfill topsoil, Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii, weathering by native soil level Grids landfill
Weaker subsoil, first layer filler are filled using crude fibre class soil amelioration material and topsoil layering, first fill 0.05 meter
The crude fibre class soil amelioration material of thickness, then the topsoil of 0.05 meter of thickness is backfilled, it repeats the above steps, until first layer filler
With a thickness of 0.4 meter；Second layer filler in the backfill topsoil of every 2 meters of trench length in the way of uniformly mixing and applying 2 kilograms of lime
It is backfilled；Third layer filler is mixed using muck class soil amelioration material with Gossypium arboreum×G. bickii weight ratio 7:3；4th layer of filler is adopted
It is public by the weaker 10-15 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate of subsoil mixing of every cubic metre of weathering and 20-25 with commercial fertilizer soil amelioration material
Jin organic fertilizer preparation；
40 centimetres of first layer thickness, 30-40 centimetres of second layer thickness, 10-20 centimetres of third layer thickness, the 4th layer is filled up trench
And it is higher by 30 centimetres of original ground.
7. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 1 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that matrix is acid strong
Quaternary Red Clays, plate shale waste, sandstone waste, Weathered Granite object development soil, every cubic metre return
It bankets and 2-3 kilograms of lime is added in earth, and the relic or parent rock that diameter in soil is greater than 2 centimetres are removed by sieving.
8. newly-built citrus orchard soil improvement according to claim 1 and fertilizer application method, which is characterized in that after soil backfill
It places 2 months, is reacted for soil improvement with fertilizing.
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| CN109644608A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-19 | 广州华苑园林股份有限公司 | A kind of poor ridge hillside seedling growth soil improvement method |
| CN110447331A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-11-15 | 浙江农林大学 | A technique for for improving hill soil water-retaining property |
| CN110447331B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江农林大学 | Technology for improving water retention of soil in hilly land |
| CN113396662A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 武汉市新洲区果茶技术服务站 | Method for improving civil garden through pear tree cultivation |
| CN113396662B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-09-09 | 武汉市新洲区果茶技术服务站 | Method for improving civil garden through pear tree cultivation |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |