CN102656987A - Method for supplementing water and fertilizer by using biogas slurry - Google Patents
Method for supplementing water and fertilizer by using biogas slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN102656987A CN102656987A CN2012101404766A CN201210140476A CN102656987A CN 102656987 A CN102656987 A CN 102656987A CN 2012101404766 A CN2012101404766 A CN 2012101404766A CN 201210140476 A CN201210140476 A CN 201210140476A CN 102656987 A CN102656987 A CN 102656987A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for supplementing water and fertilizer by using biogas slurry. The method comprises the following steps: soaking water-retaining fertilizer-preserving materials in biogas slurry generated by biogas engineering; burying the water-retaining fertilizer-preserving materials in fruit tree root enriched areas; irrigating with biogas slurry at proper time to achieving the effects of fertilizer and water pit storage and slow water and fertilizer supply; when leaves of fruit trees fall, during orchard preparation or soil turning up in spring, turning out the water-retaining fertilizer-preserving materials buried last year, mixing the water-retaining fertilizer-preserving materials with covering soil and other fertilizers, and applying the mixture as orchard basic fertilizer; ditching places surrounding the positions where the water-retaining fertilizer-preserving materials are buried last year, and burying newly soaked water-retaining fertilizer-preserving materials in the ditches. The method is carried out round and round, thereby effectively solving the shortage of water and fertilizer, effectively improving soil quantity of an orchard, promoting the digestion of biogas slurry, and achieving the cyclic utilization of biomass resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of practical technique of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure, belong to agricultural resources protection and agricultural wastes resource circulation utilization technical field.
Background technology
Most of orchard of China is located in the mountain area, hills, and considerable orchard non-irrigated condition is arranged, even irrigation conditions is arranged, it is also very low that fruit is distinguished WUEL, so water is one of principal element of restriction output of the fruit tree; In addition, the soil layer in hills and mountain region is more shallow, the fruit tree fertilizer requirement is big, causes the nutrient dificiency problem in orchard also rather serious.It is that fruit tree growth is healthy and strong that the liquid manure of doing the orchard well replenishes, and obtains the key of good quality and high output.
About the technology of orchard liquid manure integrated management, some patent document is open in recent years: CN1287108A (00124895) discloses preparation method of a kind of water-retaining amino acid fertilizer and products thereof, and this method uses water-retaining amino acid fertilizer to improve the preserve moisture and fertility effect of soil.CN101268729A (CN200810073568) discloses a kind of method that improves orchard soil quality; Proposition covers one deck animal residue on the tree in orchard dish or cave; Drop into the earthworm kind, cover one deck stalk or weeds again, the method that is used in the orchard cultivating earthworm improves orchard soil quality.CN200810139677 discloses underground hole irrigation method for orchard; Be to establish the liquid manure cave at fruit tree Root Distribution layer; The liquid manure cave is held fertile material, weep pipe etc. and is formed by rebasing film, suction, through the liquid manure cave with root system " stable breeding " in " liquid manure cave " and on every side to improve nutrient and efficiency of water application.CN201010523911 discloses fruit tree, and to impose agricultural solution method be that Nei Shu excavates 6-8 cubic meter puddle in the ranks in the orchard, spreads the Polypropylence Sheet agricultural solution of fermentation that discharges water in the bottom, hole, with the agricultural solution that ferments with barrel or slush pump water and be filled within the hole (cave).The big or complex operation of above technology investment, and more be difficult to play the effect of getting instant result.
At present; In China's new countryside construction process, built up the biogas engineering of certain scale; Characteristics concentrated, that amount is big, continuous that the biogas residue and biogas liquid that produces has; Be difficult in and it digested in the minor radius scope, this problem has restricted the biogas engineering owner to biogas development and the confidence utilized, how with natural pond liquid effectively recycle become one of difficult problem of the normal operation of large-sized biogas engineering.Contain the required nutritive element of plant growing in the liquid of natural pond and be rich in the organic substance that is beneficial to soil melioration and be easy to the little molecule humus of plant absorbing.Utilize natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure with suiting measures to local conditions and have the advantage that promotes the biomass resource recycle.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, for solve biogas engineering natural pond liquid effectively recycle problem and solve the problem of existing orchard liquid manure integrated management, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure.
The method of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure of the present invention: be meant that the natural pond liquid that utilizes biogas engineering to produce soaks the strong materials of storing water and preserving fertility effect such as stalk; And it is embedded in fruit tree root system enrichment region; And water natural pond liquid in good time, play cave storage rich water, slowly supply the effect of liquid manure.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of method of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure comprises that step is following:
(1) storing water and preserving fertility material preliminary treatment
The storing water and preserving fertility material is selected from one or more in the dregs of a decoction after crops straw, fallen leaves, weeds, dish leaf, edible fungus culturing bacterium slag, the traditional Chinese medicine extraction, and processing is pulverized or rubbed to airing to moisture content 10wt%;
(2) natural pond liquid soaks
The good storing water and preserving fertility material of step (1) preliminary treatment is put into fermentation vat; Add natural pond liquid, the storing water and preserving fertility material is pressed in the liquid of natural pond, left standstill 4～6 days with filter plate; Make the storing water and preserving fertility material hold sufficient natural pond liquid;
(3) orchard landfill storing water and preserving fertility material
In spring, at the peripheral excavation of top fruit sprayer landfill ditch, the interior edge of landfill ditch is peripheral neat with top fruit sprayer; Ditch depth 30cm～the 40cm of landfill ditch; Furrow width 30～40cm soaks step (2) the storing water and preserving fertility material of sufficient natural pond liquid and inserts in the landfill ditch, and packed height is from bank 4～8cm; The earthing on filler top is smashed concordant with bank then; The Yu Tufen that digs out builds bank place on the landfill ditch, and the soil of building of both sides bank forms a ring-shaped groove, is convenient to water natural pond liquid or collects moisture.
(4) natural pond liquid pouring
When arid appears in soil, natural pond liquid is poured onto in the described ring-shaped groove of step (3), natural pond liquid consumption is advisable to fill with ring-shaped groove;
Natural pond liquid pouring interval is 20～45 days, confirms according to rainfall and soil drought situation, and rainwater need not to water natural pond liquid season;
(5) storing water and preserving fertility Reuse of materials
Carry out the orchard arrangement winter behind the defoliation of fruit trees, the weeds of collection and fallen leaves are as the storing water and preserving fertility materials for later use; When digging whole ground, the storing water and preserving fertility material in the landfill ditch has been macerated and has been processed organic manure, excavates the landfill ditch organic manure is taken out, and makees base manure behind the earthing mixing and uses, and evenly spreading is in fruit tree surrounding soil top layer and dig, flatten, preserve soil moisture;
(6) cycling
Continue next spring to dig a landfill ditch again in the top fruit sprayer periphery, the edge is peripheral neat with tree crown in the landfill ditch, and the operation that replenishes liquid manure is accomplished in (1)～(5) set by step.
Preferred according to the present invention, when step (1) storing water and preserving fertility material is prepared, abundant airing, the moisture content of himself should be lower than 10%, has the potentiality of certain absorption liquid manure to guarantee it.For guaranteeing that its suction nutrient preserving capability can also should be noted that: the storing water and preserving fertility material can not rot, to keep its water imbibition preferably; The storing water and preserving fertility material will pass through pulverizing or rub processing, and its specific surface area is increased, and strengthens the ability that it absorbs liquid manure; The storing water and preserving fertility material category is selected according to reality abundant and be convenient to choose the material of storing water and preserving fertility and get final product preferred multiple storing water and preserving fertility material mixing use from local resources.Wherein most preferred being combined as: corn stalk, wheat straw and defoliation of fruit trees, corn stalk, mushroom cultivation bacterium slag and natural pond slag, perhaps corn stalk, the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction and natural pond slag.
Preferred according to the present invention, near the other fermentation vat of building of biogas engineering, make the natural pond liquid that biogas engineering flows out flow directly into fermentation vat in the step (2); When the storing water and preserving fertility material that soaks sufficient natural pond liquid is started shipment the field, but be to guarantee convenient transportation elimination free moisture.The purpose that natural pond liquid soaks the storing water and preserving fertility material is to make the storing water and preserving fertility material that crushes hold sufficient natural pond liquid.
Preferred according to the present invention, the time of the orchard landfill storing water and preserving fertility material in the step (3) generally is before and after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) of the lunar calendar 24 solar term.
Preferred according to the present invention, the landfill ditch is the annular groove around fruit tree in the step (3).
Preferred according to the present invention, the earthing in the step (3) on the filler, thickness of earth covering is advisable with 8-10cm.
During landfill, landfill ditch position is chosen in the tree crown periphery to the storing water and preserving fertility material that will soak sufficient natural pond liquid in the step according to the present invention (3), utilizes become the fertilizer property and the hydrotaxis of fruit tree root system, impels fruit tree root elongation and growth in the orchard.Landfill ditch trench digging notes not injuring the root system of fruit tree.
Preferred according to the present invention, the storing water and preserving fertility material that the soaks sufficient natural pond liquid back moisture of placing into the soil can move in the soil gradually towards periphery, and like comparatively arid soil environment, its moisture loss is very fast.In order to replenish liquid manure for fruit tree better, need utilize natural pond liquid pouring in good time.The liquid pouring of step (4) natural pond generally finished the storing water and preserving fertility material 25-35 days at landfill, needed beginning natural pond liquid pouring for the first time.Regulate watering time according to the rainwater condition, watered 1 time in 25-30 days at interval when comparatively arid; Rainwater need not water natural pond liquid season.Need to clap broken earthing if be full of cracks appears in earthing in the groove of natural pond liquid pouring back, reduce the direct volatilization of moisture.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the step (5), the organic manure that the landfill ditch takes out can combine other fertilizer to use behind the earthing mixing, to reduce fertilizer application frequency, saves the labour.Other fertilizer generally are become thoroughly decomposed good cow dung and commercial composite fertilizer.This fertilizer use preferably landfill ditch ring with interior fruit tree around.
In several years, according to the growing state of fruit tree, all can be undertaken, with the peripheral interior edge of tree crown as new landfill ditch by the above-mentioned steps circulation.The useless landfill ditch of last one year can flatten when whole ground together.
Method of the present invention is to used natural pond liquid and the not special qualification of storing water and preserving fertility material, and the natural pond liquid that any biogas engineering produced all can use.
The method of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure of the present invention is the complete practical technique of a cover, suits especially on the orchard in mountain area, hills, to use.
Characteristics of the present invention:
The present invention utilizes the suction of storing water and preserving fertility material such as stalk to hold fertile performance, and combines that natural pond liquid comprehensive nutrition, nutrient are complete, liquid manure is arranged in pairs or groups rational characteristics, buries the mode of filling out through soil and has laid a liquid manure storehouse for the fruit tree root system.Liquid manure storehouse and surrounding soil by the storing water and preserving fertility material construction of soaking sufficient natural pond liquid have significant difference aspect the water absorbing properties, thereby moisture can keep comparatively permanent, thereby help alleviating the drought stress of fruit tree.Natural pond liquid presents alkalescence and contains nutrient components such as more rich nutritive element, humic acid, protein, and bias, the enhancing soil fertility of the selectivity absorption and the monocrop of soil nutrient composition being planted the soil physical and chemical property that causes for adjusting soil balance, alleviation monocrop also have significant effect.
The natural pond liquid that the present invention selects biogas engineering to produce is used to soak and pulverizes the storing water and preserving fertility material of rubbing, and imbeds around the root system of fruit tree after making it steep sufficient liquid manure, and uses natural pond liquid pouring in good time.Treat the whole garden of defoliation of fruit trees or when digging the beginning of spring, can the storing water and preserving fertility materials such as stalk that the prior year is imbedded be made compost and rout up, mixes the back with other fertilizer and be used as orchard base fertilizer and use.Trench digging is imbedded again soaked stalk storing water and preserving fertility material in the periphery of prior year buried channel; So go round and begin again, can effectively alleviate the liquid manure supply shortage problem in orchard, and can effectively improve the soil quality in orchard; Promote dissolving of natural pond liquid, accomplished the recycle of biomass resource.
This method material is easy to get, and is cheap, easy and simple to handle, and saving water, resisting drought had both reduced evaporation from land surface and runoff, avoided in the liquid of natural pond moisture to the seepage of deep subsoil again; The present invention simultaneously utilizes " hydrotaxis " and " fertilizer property becomes " of root system, can promote root elongation and growth, improves the availability of nutrient and moisture.
The method of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure of the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. the main fertilizer water resource of this method consumption is a natural pond liquid, and the natural pond liquid that produces for biogas engineering provides the approach of dissolving preferably.
2. the storing water and preserving fertility material used of this method is agricultural production waste materials such as stalk, weeds, fallen leaves, and the recycle that can be agricultural resources provides support.
3. this method is easy and simple to handle, and operability is stronger.After the material that only needs to have soaked natural pond liquid is embedded in around the fruit tree, waters natural pond liquid in good time and get final product, do not open complex labour such as cave, film laying, laying pipeline, stack retting fertilizer with not needing standard.
4. the required material of this method all do not need to buy like natural pond liquid, stalk, fallen leaves, weeds etc., and the source of material is comparatively extensive, thereby invests minimumly, has remarkable economical property.
5. natural pond liquid and other storing water and preserving fertility materials are organic materials in this method, can be the production of fruit trees organic products and provide safeguard.
Embodiment
Below through embodiment the present invention is further specified, but be not limited only to this.Used cracker is the Xiuzhou City, Anhui Province JGC-30-40 type straw feed cracker that powder device fabrication Co., Ltd produces of following the mandate of heaven among the embodiment.
Embodiment 1: ground, the mountain ridge, Feicheng, Shandong Province peach plantation embodiment
(1) the storing water and preserving fertility material is selected corn stalk, wheat straw and peach fallen leaves.The storing water and preserving fertility material is pulverized back airing to moisture content below 10% through cracker, and the weight ratio of falling leaves according to corn stalk, wheat straw and peach is that the ratio blending of 7:2:1 is even.
(2) in spring (in March, 2010), the stalk storing water and preserving fertility placing of material that preliminary treatment is good is gone in the cement pit, and natural pond liquid pours into cement pit, and the double-edged fine-toothed comb that the storing water and preserving fertility material is processed with waddy is pressed in the liquid of natural pond, soaks 5.Then pull draining out, be transported to the peach garden.Natural pond liquid is that certain the large-sized biogas engineering under the eight ring meat product Co., Ltds of Feicheng is the natural pond liquid (the mensuration situation of main nutrient composition is as shown in table 1 in the liquid of natural pond) that fermenting raw materials produces with the pig manure.
(3) select a slice totally 13 6 years living Feicheng-peach peach in the peach orchard.Standardized circle every peach tree crown outer around peach, and as interior ring-type landfill ditch along the dark 40cm of excavation, wide 40cm, the storing water and preserving fertility material of step (2) is directly inserted in the landfill ditch, insert highly from bank 8cm; Top earthing then, thickness of earth covering is 10cm, tramples gently it is flushed with bank; All the other soil that dig out during ditching divide builds both sides on the landfill bank, makes it be channel form.
(4) precipitation and the soil moisture content according to the locality is chosen in May 11,2 natural pond liquid of pouring on June 29.Identical in used natural pond liquid and the step (1).Natural pond liquid is poured in the groove, and natural pond liquid is filled with the groove on stalk storing water and preserving fertility material top.With creeper the soil block that chaps in the groove is clapped broken wiping out in the time of 3-7 days.
(5) (2011) March next spring; When digging whole ground, will macerate the storing water and preserving fertility material that makes and in the landfill ditch, dig out, with the good cow dung 10kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Evenly be sprinkling upon landfill ditch ring with around the interior peach behind the composite fertilizer 1kg mixing of 15-15-15, the whole ground of digging.
(6) last year the landfill ditch the periphery dig 1 landfill ditch again, with the peripheral interior edge as new landfill ditch of tree crown, continuation is buried again according to above-mentioned steps (1)-(5) and is filled out new storing water and preserving fertility material.
Indexs such as the output of mensuration enforcement district and check plot, soil quality when autumn in 2011, peach was gathered in the crops, sign liquid manure is supplied the index of situation and is measured in good time.
The nutrient composition content (mass percent) of table 1 natural pond liquid
Annotate: the solid content of natural pond liquid is 3.59wt%.
Effect is following:
Be contrast effect, the orchard is divided into two, one is control group, and by conventional orchard administrative skill, one is used the method for the embodiment of the invention 1 to handle as set of applications.Two groups fruit variety is identical, and other fertilisings in the growing and cultivation, control measures strict conformance such as water are measured needed index according to standard method.The effect of juicy fruit garden, the described natural pond of present embodiment liquid manure is shown in table 2-4.
The soil moisture and the soil temperature of table 2 topsoil soil (18cm) from landfill ditch different distance place change
Can find out that from table 2 soil temperature from landfill ditch different distance topsoil soil descends to some extent; And its soil moisture content raises to some extent; After this showed the application present technique, the water supply of root system compact district soil had been compared obvious improvement with control group, thereby has improved the capacity of water supply of soil.
Table 3 the inventive method is to the influence of peach branch, leaf growth
Find out that from table 3 the long shoot rate of peach descends 24.18% behind application the present invention, brachyplast rate and middle branch rate have then improved 29.87% and 4.57% respectively; And middle brachyplast is the main branch type that forms bud, can establish basis preferably for the result of peach.Compare with control group; Use peach behind the present invention width of blade broadening 6.03%; Therefore the peach leaf water content has improved 5.76%, and the chlorophyll content of blade has improved 5.56%, can find out to use that the physiology growth present situation of peach has had certain improvement behind the present invention.
Table 4 the inventive method is to the influence of peach output and peach quality
Compare with control group; The mean fruit weight of peach has improved 17.3% behind application the present invention; Although the average individual plant fruit of peach number has descended 1.2%, its single plant yield has improved 16.0%, and the sugar content of peach has raise 12.3%; Soluble solid content has improved 18.2%, and the yield and quality of peach all is significantly improved.
Embodiment 2: the practical example in pear tree plantation, mountain region, Culai Mountain, Shandong Province
Time: spring in 2010 (March)
The storing water and preserving fertility material is selected three kinds of corn stalk, mushroom cultivation bacterium slag and natural pond slags.Storing water and preserving fertility material airing to moisture content below 10% after cracker is pulverized is that the ratio blending of 3:5:2 is even according to the weight ratio of corn stalk, mushroom cultivation bacterium slag (main component is cotton seed hulls and corncob) and natural pond slag.Then it is deposited in the cement pit, pours into natural pond liquid (taking from local domestic methane tank) and soaked 6 days, be transported to the theatre after pulling out.Select a slice totally 15 the 3 years green pears of living Xizi, a famous beauty in the late Spring and Autumn Period (kind) pear trees in the theatre; Standardized circle every pear tree tree crown outer around pear tree; And as interior ring-type landfill ditch along the dark 40cm of excavation, wide 40cm, soaked storing water and preserving fertility material is directly inserted in the ditch, insert highly from bank 8cm; Top earthing then, thickness of earth covering is 10cm, tramples gently it is flushed with bank; All the other soil that dig out during ditching divide builds both sides on the landfill bank, makes it be channel form.Precipitation and soil moisture content according to the locality water natural pond liquid in good time.With tank car natural pond liquid is transported to the below, orchard when natural pond liquid waters, packing goes into to choose into theatre in the bucket, and natural pond liquid is poured in the groove on the landfill ditch, and natural pond liquid is filled with the groove on stalk storing water and preserving fertility material top.With creeper the soil block that chaps in the groove is clapped broken wiping out in the time of 3-7 days.In March, the 2nd, stalk storing water and preserving fertility material is dug out in ditch, with the good cow dung 10kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, evenly be sprinkling upon the landfill ditch with around the interior pear tree behind the composite fertilizer 1.5kg mixing of 15-15-15, the whole ground of digging.Weeds that the whole reason of fruit in season of will falling leaves winter obtains and fallen leaves have been imbedded the effect that can play storage rich water in cave in the empty landfill ditch in fertile back simultaneously.
Continue to bury again according to the method described above to fill out new stalk storing water and preserving fertility material.All the other operations are with embodiment 1.
Control group: select to manage conventional treatment (not replenishing liquid manure separately) as control group by existing orchard with 15 the 3 years green pears of living Xizi, a famous beauty in the late Spring and Autumn Period (kind) pear trees in 2 same theatre of the embodiment of the invention.Use that the method for the embodiment of the invention 1 handles as set of applications.Other fertilisings in the growing and cultivation, control measures strict conformance such as water are measured needed index according to standard method.The effect of juicy fruit garden, the described natural pond of present embodiment liquid manure is shown in table 5-6.
The soil moisture of table 5 topsoil soil (18cm) from landfill ditch different distance place changes
Can find out that from table 5 soil moisture content from landfill ditch different distance topsoil soil all raises to some extent: the stalk storing water and preserving fertility material landfill that soaks sufficient natural pond liquid after 10 days to 30 days time; Improved more than 12 percentage points from landfill ditch 20cm place soil moisture content; The raising ratio is up to about 50%; After showing application the present invention, the water supply of root system compact district soil has been compared obvious improvement with control group, thereby can effectively improve the capacity of water supply of soil.
Table 6 technology of the present invention is to the influence of pear tree output and growth
Compare with control group, the mean fruit weight of pear tree has improved 11.2% behind application the present invention, although several of the average individual plant fruits of pear tree have improved 3.5%, its single plant yield has improved 15.3%, and the sugar content of pears has raise 6.2%.From leaf growth, the width of blade that embodiment 2 methods are handled the back pear tree has increased by 5.4%, and leaf water content has improved 8.5%, and chlorophyll content improved 7.4%, shows that the liquid manure supply present situation of pear tree is better than control group.
Embodiment 3: apple orchard, Yiyuan County, Shandong Province liquid manure replenishes application examples
Time: spring in 2010 (March)
The storing water and preserving fertility material is selected three kinds of corn stalk, the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction (" XINTONGKOU PIAN " produced the dregs of a decoction, and main component is the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the red sage root and marine alga) and natural pond slags.Storing water and preserving fertility material airing to moisture content below 10% after cracker is pulverized is that the ratio blending of 4:4:2 is even according to the weight ratio of corn stalk, the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction and natural pond slag.Then it is deposited in the cement pit, pours into natural pond liquid (taking from the Legalists village, Zichuan District, Zibo City methane station) and soaked 6 days, pull out and be transported to the apple orchard.Select a slice totally 12 3 years living red Fuji apple trees in the apple orchard; Standardized circle in apple tree tree crown outer around fruit tree; And as interior ring-type landfill ditch along the dark 40cm of excavation, wide 40cm, soaked storing water and preserving fertility material is inserted in the ditch, insert highly from bank 8cm; Top earthing is then trampled gently it is flushed with bank; All the other soil that dig out during ditching divide to be built on the landfill bank, and the soil of building of both sides bank forms a ring-shaped groove.Precipitation and soil moisture content according to the locality water natural pond liquid in good time.With tank car natural pond liquid is transported to the orchard when natural pond liquid waters, natural pond liquid is poured in the ring-shaped groove of building soil formation on the landfill ditch, natural pond liquid is filled with the groove on stalk storing water and preserving fertility material top.With creeper the soil block that chaps in the groove is clapped broken wiping out in the time of 3-7 days.In March, the 2nd, will macerate the storing water and preserving fertility material that makes and in ditch, dig out, with the good cow dung 10kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, evenly be sprinkling upon the landfill ditch with around the interior fruit tree behind the composite fertilizer 0.5kg mixing of 15-15-15, the whole ground of digging.Weeds that the whole reason of fruit in season of will falling leaves winter obtains and fallen leaves are as the part closed matereial cycle of new storing water and preserving fertility material in the coming year.
Continue to bury again according to the method described above to fill out new storing water and preserving fertility material.Measure the soil physico-chemical index of control group and enforcement group during the 2nd year harvest home respectively.Other mensuration that characterize the apple tree growth indexes are carried out in good time.
Select 12 3 years livings Fuji apple (kind) apple trees with adjacent plot, 3 same apple orchards of above embodiment as control group, use the embodiment of the invention 1 the method processing as set of applications.Other fertilisings in the growing and cultivation, control measures strict conformance such as water are measured needed index according to standard method.As show shown in the 6-7.
Table 6 enforcement group and control group soil leading indicator change
Compare with control group; Soil organic matter content improves 17.1% after using the present invention; Soil pH value has raise 5.0%, and the content of soil available phosphorus, available potassium and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen has also improved 6.4%, 17.9% and 29.3% respectively, and the soil conductivity value has also improved 7.4%.It is thus clear that the embodiment of the present invention technology helps the maintenance of orchard soil fertility.
Table 7 the inventive method is to the influence of apple production and quality
Compare with control group; The mean fruit weight of apple has improved 18.5% behind application the present invention; Although several of the average individual plant of apple tree fruits have improved 0.2%, its single plant yield has improved 18.6%, and apple Vc content raise 18.2%; Soluble solid content has improved 22.1%, and the yield and quality of apple all is significantly improved.
Claims (7)
1. method of utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure comprises that step is following:
(1) storing water and preserving fertility material preliminary treatment
The storing water and preserving fertility material is selected from one or more in the dregs of a decoction after crops straw, fallen leaves, weeds, dish leaf, edible fungus culturing bacterium slag, the traditional Chinese medicine extraction, and processing is pulverized or rubbed to airing to moisture content 10wt%;
(2) natural pond liquid soaks
The good storing water and preserving fertility material of step (1) preliminary treatment is put into fermentation vat; Add natural pond liquid, the storing water and preserving fertility material is pressed in the liquid of natural pond, left standstill 4～6 days with filter plate; Make the storing water and preserving fertility material hold sufficient natural pond liquid;
(3) orchard landfill storing water and preserving fertility material
In spring, at the peripheral excavation of top fruit sprayer landfill ditch, the interior edge of landfill ditch is peripheral neat with top fruit sprayer; Ditch depth 30cm～the 40cm of landfill ditch; Furrow width 30～40cm soaks step (2) the storing water and preserving fertility material of sufficient natural pond liquid and inserts in the landfill ditch, and packed height is from bank 4～8cm; The earthing on filler top is smashed concordant with bank then; The Yu Tufen that digs out builds bank place on the landfill ditch, and the soil of building of both sides bank forms a ring-shaped groove, is convenient to water natural pond liquid or collects moisture;
(4) natural pond liquid pouring
When arid appears in soil, natural pond liquid is poured onto in the described ring-shaped groove of step (3), natural pond liquid consumption is advisable to fill with ring-shaped groove; It is 20～45 days that natural pond liquid waters interval;
(5) storing water and preserving fertility Reuse of materials
Carry out the orchard arrangement winter behind the defoliation of fruit trees, the weeds of collection and fallen leaves are as the storing water and preserving fertility materials for later use; When digging whole ground, the storing water and preserving fertility material in the landfill ditch has been macerated and has been processed organic manure, excavates the landfill ditch organic manure is taken out, and makees base manure behind the earthing mixing and uses, and evenly spreading is in upper soll layer and dig, flatten, preserve soil moisture;
(6) cycling
Again dig a new landfill ditch next spring, the edge is peripheral neat with tree crown in the landfill ditch, and carry out (1) set by step～(5).
2. the method for utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that step (1) storing water and preserving fertility material is one or more in the dregs of a decoction after crops straw, fallen leaves, weeds, dish leaf, edible fungus culturing bacterium slag, the traditional Chinese medicine extraction; Airing is to moisture content 10wt%, through pulverizing or rub processing.
3. the method for utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being selected in the step (2) near the other fermentation vat of building of biogas engineering, makes the natural pond liquid that biogas engineering flows out flow directly into fermentation vat.
4. the method for utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the landfill ditch is the annular groove around fruit tree in the step (3).
5. the method for utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the thickness of earth covering 8～10cm on the landfill ditch filler in the step (3).
6. the method for utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the liquid pouring of step (4) natural pond: began natural pond liquid pouring for the first time in 25-35 days at the intact storing water and preserving fertility material of landfill; After this 25-30 days natural pond liquid waters 1 time at interval; Rainwater need not water natural pond liquid season.
7. the method for utilizing natural pond liquid to replenish orchard liquid manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the step (5) that the organic manure that the landfill ditch takes out combines other fertilizer to use as base manure behind the earthing mixing; These other fertilizer are preferably become thoroughly decomposed cow dung and commercial composite fertilizer.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN103583204A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 张小友 | Fruit tree and Chinese medicinal herb interplanting method |
| CN103749064A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Method for storing water and retaining fertilizer of orchard by use of biomass charcoal |
| CN105622275A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 朱青春 | Pure-natural multi-effect biogas slurry compound fertilizer and production method |
| CN106386347A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 李宏强 | Apple planting based circular agriculture system construction method |
| CN107771625A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that biogas slurry is efficiently dissolved using eggplant whole production process |
| CN107836312A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-03-27 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of mulberry field, the synergisting method of orchard winter consumption biogas slurry |
| CN107950318A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that efficiently consumption pig farm biogas slurry is planted using Tomato in Greenhouse |
| CN107996317A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry |
| CN108094023A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of plantation of mulberry tree consumption biogas slurry and management method |
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| CN103583204A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 张小友 | Fruit tree and Chinese medicinal herb interplanting method |
| CN103749064A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Method for storing water and retaining fertilizer of orchard by use of biomass charcoal |
| CN105622275A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 朱青春 | Pure-natural multi-effect biogas slurry compound fertilizer and production method |
| CN106386347A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 李宏强 | Apple planting based circular agriculture system construction method |
| CN107950318A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that efficiently consumption pig farm biogas slurry is planted using Tomato in Greenhouse |
| CN107771625A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that biogas slurry is efficiently dissolved using eggplant whole production process |
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| CN108094023A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of plantation of mulberry tree consumption biogas slurry and management method |
| CN108781683A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-13 | 昭通绿健果蔬商贸有限公司 | A kind of intensive laborsaving cultural method of apple rich water |
| CN109257991A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-25 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | The soil improvement method of dragon fruit garden |
| CN109257991B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2022-01-18 | 林勋勇 | Soil improvement method for dragon fruit garden |
| CZ308487B6 (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2020-09-16 | Heesters s.r.o. | Reversible hydrosorbent based on a separate from a biogas plant and a method of its production |
| CN110463530A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-19 | 贵州省金源泰达食品开发有限责任公司 | A kind of continuous cropping midwifery method of passion fruit |
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