CN209949971U

CN209949971U - Kiwi fruit cultivation is with root zone plant-specific cave structure

Info

Publication number: CN209949971U
Application number: CN201920651195.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李建开; 江华琼; 刘秀英; 刘双泽
Original assignee: Luoping County Economic Crop Technology Extension Station
Current assignee: Luoping County Economic Crop Technology Extension Station
Priority date: 2019-05-08
Filing date: 2019-05-08
Publication date: 2020-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kiwi fruit cultivation is with root area plant-specific cave structure, including planting ground and the hole cave of digging on planting ground, the water filtration layer has been laid to the bottom in hole cave, and the water filtration layer includes that the metalling, the gravel layer and the straw layer of laying in proper order from the bottom up mix layer and straw layer, and humus soil layer, organic matter layer and topsoil layer I have been laid in proper order to the upper surface on straw layer, the top parallel and level of last performance and hole cave of topsoil layer I, topsoil layer II has been piled to the top of topsoil layer I, and topsoil layer II stacks into conical shape. The utility model firstly breaks the limitation of the kiwi fruit planting field and enhances the adaptability of the kiwi fruit planting; secondly, the uniformity and the stable distribution of water among all layers in the pit can be ensured, thirdly, sufficient nutrient substances can be provided for the growth of the kiwi fruits, the soil in the pit can be kept loose, the air permeability of the soil is ensured, and the drought resistance and the moisture retention capacity of the soil are enhanced.

Description

Kiwi fruit cultivation is with root zone plant-specific cave structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, concretely relates to kiwi fruit cultivation is with root area plant-specific cave structure.

Background

The kiwi fruits are called as Chinese kiwi fruit cultivars, are also called as fox peaches, Chinese gooseberries, wild peaches, wild fruits, hemp fruits and the like, and are mainly and widely distributed in hills, mountains and mountain forests in low mountain areas in southern China. The kiwi fruit is generally oval, soft in texture, and the kiwi fruit is known as the king of fruit because of its vitamin C content in the fruit, and a kiwi fruit can provide twice as much as the vitamin C demand of one person per day, and according to the research report of the department of agriculture in the United states, the comprehensive oxidation resistance index of the kiwi fruit is in the front of the fruit name list, and is only inferior to numerous fruits such as roxburgh rose, blueberry, and the like, and is far stronger than daily fruits such as apple, pear, watermelon, orange, and the like. According to modern medical research and analysis, kiwi fruits contain saccharides, rich amino acids in proteins, twelve proteases, vitamin B1, C, carotene, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine, pigments and other components, the content of vitamin C is five to six times of that of equivalent citrus, moreover, reports that kiwi fruits can block the active component synthesized by nitrosamine, a carcinogen, have the blocking rate of 98 percent and have the effect of inhibiting cancer cells are reported, and the kiwi fruits are fresh and tender in quality, rich in nutrition, delicious in flavor, and popular to people, have the effects of maintaining beauty and keeping young and delaying skin aging, are deeply favored by people of all ages, and in recent years, the kiwi fruit planting becomes a way for increasing income of farmers. The kiwi fruits like loose, breathable, moist and high-organic-matter-content soil, the main roots of the kiwi fruits are underdeveloped, the lateral roots of the kiwi fruits are shallow and wide in distribution, the fibrous roots are especially developed, the roots of the kiwi fruits are fleshy roots, the kiwi fruits cannot resist water accumulation, the leaves are large, the water evaporation amount is large, and the drought resistance is poor. At present, the kiwi fruit cultivation mainly adopts the mode of slotting by 1 meter and 1 meter in width along the planting row direction or digging 1 meter square holes, then spreading base fertilizer on surface soil, mixing and backfilling to plant kiwi fruit seedlings, and also has a slotting and ridging mode after the whole garden is deeply turned over, but the deep turning depth is within 60 centimeters. Because the kiwi fruit root is fleshy root, the growth distribution range of the common root is very small in the hardened place of the soil, the hardened place can not be pricked, and the kiwi fruit root is mainly distributed in the surface soil layer by about 30 centimeters in the wild state. Under the mode of constructing the garden with the 1 m width and the depth of the drawing groove, the distribution range of the roots is also in the range of the groove. Cannot reach farther, so that the cultivation structure has the following defects: firstly, the roots can not be distributed in the whole garden, so that the range of nutrition and moisture absorbed by the roots is small, the tree vigor is poor in growth, and the drought resistance in high-temperature seasons is poor; secondly, when the soil is hardened, irrigation or rain cannot well penetrate, so that the water absorption of the soil is poor, water in the groove of the drawing groove is accumulated too much, roots are rotted, the drought resistance and water retention performance of the drawing groove are poor, sufficient influence cannot be provided for the growth of the kiwi fruit, and the high and stable yield of the kiwi fruit cannot be realized. Thus. The root region planting pit structure for kiwi fruit cultivation is objectively needed by research and development, is reasonable in arrangement, easy to implement and low in cost, can greatly improve nutrient substances of soil layers, and can ensure uniformity and stability distribution of moisture among the soil layers.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a just enough arrange rationally, implement easily, with low costs, can enough improve the nutrient substance on soil layer by a wide margin, can guarantee again between soil layer homogeneity and the kiwi fruit cultivation of stability distribution and use root region planting cave structure.

The utility model aims at realizing like this, including planting ground and the hole cave of digging on planting ground, the water filtration layer has been laid to the bottom of hole cave, and the water filtration layer includes that from the bottom up lays in proper order metalling, gravel and sand mix layer and straw layer, and humus soil layer, organic matter layer and topsoil layer I have been laid in proper order to the upper surface on straw layer, topsoil layer I's the top parallel and level of last performance and hole cave, topsoil layer II has been piled to the top of topsoil layer I, and topsoil layer II stacks into conical shape.

Further, the thickness of the gravel layer is 20-25 cm, the thickness of the gravel mixing layer is 12-18 cm, the thickness of the straw layer is 15-20 cm, the thickness of the humus layer is 12-18 cm, the thickness of the organic layer is 20-25 cm, the thickness of the topsoil layer I is 12-18 cm, and the stacking height of the topsoil layer II is 25-30 cm.

Further, the irrigation pipe network has been laid in the humus soil in situ, the irrigation pipe network includes many parallel arrangement's and the irrigation pipe of intercommunication each other, be provided with a plurality of irrigation holes on the irrigation pipe, intercommunication one has the moisturizing pipe that stretches out outside the hole cave on the irrigation pipe, movable end cover, preferably, the parcel has the harmless gauze that is used for preventing to block up irrigation hole on the outer wall of irrigation pipe.

Furthermore, the pit is dug to be square, rectangular or trapezoid with a large upper end and a small lower end.

Further, lay the water conservation layer of one deck on the lateral wall of hole.

The utility model has the advantages that: firstly, the selection range of the kiwi fruit planting field is enhanced, the kiwi fruit can be planted in a low-lying area which is sticky and heavy and is easy to accumulate water, the limitation of the kiwi fruit planting field is broken, and the adaptability of the kiwi fruit planting is enhanced; secondly, the residual amount of watering or rainwater precipitation can permeate into the soil below the pit through the arranged water filtering layer, waterlogging caused by overlarge water amount is prevented, the uniformity and the stability distribution of water among all layers in the pit are ensured, and root rot is avoided; and thirdly, the humus layer, the organic substance layer and the surface soil layer I and II can provide sufficient nutrient substances for the growth of the kiwi fruits, promote the rapid growth of plants, keep the soil in the pit holes loose, ensure the air permeability of the soil and enhance the drought resistance and moisture retention capacity of the soil, are particularly suitable for large-scale planting of the kiwi fruits, have good economic benefits and are easy to popularize and use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

in the figure, 1-planting land, 2-pit, 3-water-retaining layer, 4-humus soil layer, 5-topsoil layer I, 6-topsoil layer II, 7-movable end cover, 8-water-supplementing pipe, 9-organic layer, 10-irrigation pipe, 11-straw layer, 12-sand-stone mixed layer and 13-crushed stone layer.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited in any way, and any changes or improvements based on the teaching of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the utility model comprises a planting field 1 and a pit 2 dug on the planting field 1, wherein the planting field 1 preferably selects black humus soil or sandy loam with good drainage and moderate moisture, when the pit 2 is dug, magazines such as stones, weeds and the like on the planting field 1 need to be removed completely, the pit 2 can be dug into a square shape, a rectangular shape or a trapezoid shape with large upper end and small lower end, a water filtering layer is laid at the bottom of the pit 2, the residual quantity of the water filtering layer convenient for watering or rainwater precipitation permeates into the soil below the pit 2, waterlogging caused by excessive water is prevented, the uniformity and the stability distribution of water among all layers in the pit 2 are ensured, the root rot phenomenon is avoided, the water filtering layer comprises a gravel layer 13, a gravel layer 12 and a straw layer 11 which are laid in turn from bottom to top, the gravel layer 13 is laid by a metric stone, the gravel layer 12 is laid by a mixture of metric stone and half of metric stone and river sand, the straw layer 11 is made of straw straws, wheat straws or corn straws with the length of 5cn, a humus layer 4, an organic layer 9 and a surface soil layer I5 are sequentially paved on the upper surface of the straw layer 11, the humus layer 4, the organic layer 9 and the surface soil layer I5 can provide sufficient nutrient substances for the growth of kiwi fruits, can promote the rapid growth of plants, can keep the soil in the pit 2 loose, ensure the air permeability of the soil and enhance the drought resistance and moisture retention capacity of the soil, the upper performance of the surface soil layer I5 is flush with the top of the pit 2, the surface soil layer II 6 is stacked above the surface soil layer I5, the surface soil layer II 6 is stacked into a conical shape, and the surface soil layer II 6 is stacked on the top of the pit. The straw layer 11, the humus layer 4 and the organic substance layer 9 in the pit can be fully fermented and thoroughly decomposed.

Preferably, according to actual planting experience, the thickness of the gravel layer 13 is 20-25 cm, the thickness of the gravel mixing layer 12 is 12-18 cm, the thickness of the straw layer 11 is 15-20 cm, the thickness of the humus layer 4 is 12-18 cm, the thickness of the organic layer 9 is 20-25 cm, the thickness of the topsoil layer I5 is 12-18 cm, the stacking height of the topsoil layer II 6 is 25-30 cm, and the structure arrangement can not only keep the water permeability and the air permeability of soil, but also provide covering protection and nutrition supply for the root hairs of the kiwi fruits.

Further, in order to facilitate irrigation, an irrigation pipe network is laid in the humus soil layer 4, the irrigation pipe network comprises a plurality of irrigation pipes 10 which are arranged in parallel and are communicated with each other, a plurality of irrigation holes are formed in the irrigation pipes 10, one water replenishing pipe 8 extending out of the pit hole is communicated with the irrigation pipes 10, a movable end cover 7 is installed at the end part of the water replenishing pipe 8, the irrigation pipes 10 are arranged on the humus soil layer 4, oxygen can be conveyed to the humus soil layer 4 through the irrigation pipes 10, sufficient oxygen can be provided for growth of a kiwi fruit root system, meanwhile, the irrigation pipes 10 can be utilized for irrigation through the water replenishing pipes 8, necessary nutrients and nutrient solutions can be conveyed to the kiwi fruit root system through the water replenishing pipes 8 and the irrigation pipes 10, during irrigation operation, the movable end cover 7 is taken down firstly for use, the nutrient solutions or clean water is sent into the water replenishing pipes 8, treat that nutrient solution or clear water flows into humus soil layer 4 after completely, cover movable end cover 7 again, prevent that moisturizing pipe 8 from blockking up, preferably, the parcel has the harmless gauze that is used for preventing to block up the irrigation hole on the outer wall of irrigation pipe 10.

Further, lay the water layer 3 of protecting of one deck on the lateral wall of hole cave 2, protect water layer 3 can be absorbent materials such as sponge, cotton, in arid season, irrigate the back, protect water layer 3 can store certain moisture, can not appear the kiwi fruit in certain time and cause the dead condition because of the root lacks water, in rainy season, protect water layer 3's water yield saturation back, again can be timely with in the hole cave 2 unnecessary rainwater permeate the soil on every side.

Claims

1. The root area planting pit structure for kiwi fruit cultivation is characterized by comprising a planting field (1) and pits (2) dug on the planting field (1), wherein a water filtering layer is laid at the bottom of each pit (2), the water filtering layer comprises a crushed stone layer (13), a sand-stone mixing layer (12) and a straw layer (11) which are laid in sequence from bottom to top, a humus layer (4), an organic layer (9) and a surface soil layer I (5) are laid on the upper surface of the straw layer (11) in sequence, the upper performance of the surface soil layer I (5) is flush with the top of each pit (2), a surface soil layer II (6) is stacked above the surface soil layer I (5), and the surface soil layer II (6) is stacked into a conical shape.

2. The root zone planting hole structure for kiwi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of gravel layer (13) is 20 ~ 25cm, the thickness that gravel mixes layer (12) is 12 ~ 18cm, the thickness of straw layer (11) is 15 ~ 20cm, the thickness of humus soil layer (4) is 12 ~ 18cm, the thickness of organic layer (9) is 20 ~ 25cm, the thickness of topsoil layer I (5) is 12 ~ 18cm, the pile height of topsoil layer II (6) is 25 ~ 30 cm.

3. The root zone planting hole structure for kiwi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the irrigation pipe network has been laid in humus soil layer (4), irrigation pipe network includes irrigation pipe (10) that many parallel arrangement and communicate each other, be provided with a plurality of irrigation holes on irrigation pipe (10), irrigation pipe (10) are gone up one and are had moisturizing pipe (8) that stretch out to the outer hole of hole, movable end cover (7) are installed to the tip of moisturizing pipe (8).

4. The root zone planting hole structure for kiwi cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the parcel has the harmless gauze that is used for preventing to block up the irrigation hole on the outer wall of irrigation pipe (10).

5. The root zone planting hole structure for kiwi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pit (2) is dug to be square or rectangular or trapezoid with large upper end and small lower end.

6. The root zone planting hole structure for kiwi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: lay one deck water conservation layer (3) on the lateral wall of hole (2).