CN107231918A - A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine - Google Patents
A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107231918A CN107231918A CN201710487496.3A CN201710487496A CN107231918A CN 107231918 A CN107231918 A CN 107231918A CN 201710487496 A CN201710487496 A CN 201710487496A CN 107231918 A CN107231918 A CN 107231918A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chinese medicine
- plateau
- saline
- soil
- yellow river
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine.This method makes the low furrow of plateau first on Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta, degradable waterproof unregistered land film is covered in plateau, gardening unregistered land cloth is covered on low furrow, then Chinese medicine sowing (transplanting) is carried out, the soil in addition to Chinese medicine is set all to cover, by lucifuge, soil moisture conservation, water conservation under unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth), suppression weed growth, the purpose of salt resistance alkali are played.The present invention plants different Chinese medicines progress ecological communities and built respectively always according to medicinal part complementation, Requirement Characteristics complementation, the characteristic that plant height spatial complementary, liquid manure characteristic are complementary, salt-tolerant trait is complementary in plateau and low furrow.The base manure of the present invention uses high-quality organic fertilizer, not to fertilize, need not typically be sprayed insecticide in whole planting process, be not required to topdress, be not required to irrigate, be not required to weeding.The purpose of increase Chinese medicine yield and improvement Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta can be played using aforementioned production method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
The Huanghe delta is that the Yellow River a large amount of silts of carrying deposit the alluvial plain to be formed in Bohai Sea recess, and its underground water is buried
Tibetan is shallow and salinity is high, and natural evaporation effect is strong, so that underground salinity easily rises to earth's surface, causes the soil salinization, leans in addition
Coastal waters side, seawater is soaked and evaporated after filling repeatedly, and salt and alkali component is just gradually deposited, and then causes the Huanghe delta salinization of soil
Seriously.The wherein hm of Delta Region of The Yellow River saline soil ground area 44.29 ten thousand2, more than half of whole district's gross area is accounted for, wherein,
Severe salinization soil and the hm of saline and alkaline bare land 23.63 ten thousand2, the 28.4% of land region area is accounted for, upper soll layer salinity exists
Change in the range of 0.4-3.0%, soil salination problem is serious.
Exploitation of the China to salt-soda soil are by reclaiming wasteland, then to have carried out ditching salt discharge (alkali), diversion first
Irrigate, and plant the measure improvement such as rice, tree planting and raising salt-soda soil, promote the exploitation in salt-soda soil.But to salt-soda soil
A large amount of serious consumption not only caused to freshwater resources of pouring water, while unreasonable irrigation can also cause Secondary Saline.I
State there are about 5% agricultural land because the accumulation of salt in the surface soil becomes heavy saline or saline-alkali wasteland every year, therefore a kind of rational salinization of soil of exploitation changes
The problem of good recipe method is Delta Region of The Yellow River urgent need to resolve.
There is Chinese medicine plantation history for many years Delta Region of The Yellow River, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment planted at present mainly has：The red sage root,
Radix Isatidis, peppermint, honeysuckle, the Radix Astragali, balloonflower root etc., above-mentioned medicinal material has certain salt resistance ability, and (salt resistance ability is left 0.3%
It is right).But existed always for many years in the plantation of this area's Chinese medicine yield poorly, quality time, cost are high and of poor benefits etc. asks
Topic, causes Producing medicinal herbs Business survival difficult, or even be forced to change one's profession.The present invention has found this area's Chinese medicine by on-site inspection
The reason for plantation development is difficult, the mainly flood of spring drought summer, barren soil, saline and alkaline row and weedy；Spring drought causes saline-alkali soil
The hardened medicinal material of earth takes seedling difficult, and rainy season waterlogging is weedy to fight for fertilizer, sunlight with medicinal material, causes high yield difficult, salinization of soil and soil
It is barren that also to further result in root yield low.
The content of the invention
Salinity and water in development course of the invention from the Yellow River tessellated region, soil, weather and plant characteristics, and soil
The interactive relationship divided is started with, and there is provided a kind of Huang for the reason for searching the Delta Region of The Yellow River salinization of soil and difficult medicinal material high yield
The ecological production method of river delta salt-soda soil Chinese medicine.This method is built using the low bedding cultivation pattern of plateau, ecological crop group
Mode, black mulch film (cloth) cover-seeding and the method for applying fertilizer special for organic, can significantly improve the yield of medicinal material, reduce
Soil salt and alkali content simultaneously improves soil organic matter content.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine, it is characterized in that, bag
Include following steps：
1) the low furrow of plateau make
Bucking ladder as shown in Figure 1 is made on Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta first, the plane (ladder wherein at the top of bucking ladder
Bottom in shape) abbreviation plateau, plateau width is 1.2-1.5 meters；Bottom furrow face between adjacent trapezoidal platform is referred to as low furrow, and low furrow are wide
Spend for 2.0-2.3 meters；Plateau and the difference in height of low furrow are 25-40cm；
2) ecological crop group builds
Two kinds of Chinese medicine collocation are planted, and the Chinese medicine species planted in plateau is：Medicine position is root, plant is short, resistance to
The good Chinese medicine of salt；The Chinese medicine species planted on low furrow is：Medicine position is non-root (stem, leaf, seed), plant is tall and big,
The good Chinese medicine of resistance to overhead flooding injury；
It is preferred that, the Chinese medicine species planted in plateau is the banksia rose, the Radix Astragali, blackberry lily etc., the Chinese medicine assortment planted on low furrow
Class is honey locust, peppermint tree or narrow-leaved oleaster etc.；
3) covering unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth) before sowing
First, covered in plateau and gardening unregistered land cloth is covered on degradable waterproof unregistered land film, low furrow, then carry out Chinese medicine
Material sows (transplanting), the soil in addition to Chinese medicine is all covered under unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth), passes through unregistered land film (unregistered land
Cloth) under lucifuge, soil moisture conservation, water conservation, play weed growth, the purpose of salt resistance alkali under suppression unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth)；Treat wet season of summer
When, unregistered land film starts degraded and rotted, and air-and water-permeable progressively can be fallen by rain drop erosion, and now Chinese medicine plant, which has grown up, seals ridge,
Weed growth can be suppressed, unregistered land film overlay film again in the 2nd year；Unregistered land cloth is used and changed after 3-5, persistently suppresses weeds life
It is long；
4) high-quality organic fertilizer is increased as base manure
Base manure uses high-quality organic fertilizer, not to fertilize；By increasing high-quality organic fertilizer, soil fertility is lifted, improves soil
Barren situation；
5) field management
Need not typically be sprayed insecticide in whole planting process, be not required to topdress, being not required to irrigate, be not required to weeding can be achieved it is rich
Production；It can be harvested when Chinese medicine meets harvesting standard.
The production method of the present invention uses entire mechanization operation technique, such as builds platform/flat furrow all-in-one using subsoiling fertilising
Carry out integrated site preparation and fertilization；Integrated sowing (transplanting) overlay film is carried out using sowing (transplanting) film mulching integrated machine, soil moisture conservation is kept a full stand of seedings,
The anti-anti- grass of salt；The harvest of medicinal material is carried out using net system packaging integrated machine.
At present according to salt content how much, salt-soda soil is divided into slight alkaline land (soil salt content 0.1%-0.2%), moderate
Salt-soda soil (soil salt content 0.2%-0.4%) and heavy salinized (soil salt content 0.4%-0.6%).According to different plot
Initial salt content number, the suitable Chinese medicine plantation of selection.In general, slight alkaline land can plant all the Yellow River
Delta Chinese medicine；Moderate saline-alkali soil can plant most Huanghe delta Chinese medicine, and heavy salinized ground can be with plantation portion
Divide Huanghe delta Chinese medicine.As plantation 2-3, the big good fortune degree of salt tolerance in plot declines, when being down to less than 0.1%, can planted
Plant the poor Chinese medicine of other salt tolerances.
The salt content requirement≤0.6% in above-mentioned plot, if the salt content in plot is higher than 0.6%, needs during plantation in the 1st year
Pressure of first pouring water salt, year is due to salt content decline later, it is not necessary to pour water again.
Salt resistance ability strong traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment in the current Huanghe delta has：Chrysanthemum, motherwort, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, safflower,
Cassia, coix seed, rhizoma arisaematis, the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, gleditsia sinensis, arrow-leaved oleaster, the banksia rose, radix scutellariae etc..It is preferred that in moderate saline-alkali soil, in plateau plant
The medicinal material of plant is that the medicinal material planted on the banksia rose, the Radix Astragali, low furrow is gleditsia sinensis, peppermint, arrow-leaved oleaster etc..It is preferred that in moderate, heavy salinized
The medicinal material planted in the plateau of ground is that the medicinal material planted on the Radix Astragali, low furrow is gleditsia sinensis, peppermint, arrow-leaved oleaster etc..
The above-mentioned preferred application number 2017102498034 of high-quality organic fertilizer is (entitled：A kind of edible fungi residue active soil
Earth fertility regulation compound and preparation method thereof) edible fungi residue living soil fertility regulation compound (pH value is 7.0-
7.5), its preparation method is as follows：
1st, pretreatment of raw material：Fresh free of contamination edible fungi cinder ladle (that is, live body edible fungi residue) is selected, broken bag is gone
Film, is crushed, standby；Particle diameter is not more than 4 centimetres, and particle water content is 25~30%；By insect disinfestation component (cloves and/or hickory nut
Exocarp and/or tree-of-heaven leaf) crush, it is standby；Particle diameter is not more than 0.3 centimetre, and water content is not more than 12%；
2nd, raw material is mixed：Live body edible fungi residue, wheat bran, attapulgite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, lime are poured into and stirred
Machine is mixed to be well mixed；
3rd, solidification granulation：Physical solidification molding, granulating machine, granulation, the cm of particle diameter 1.5, prilling temperature are imported after mixing
50 DEG C must not be higher than, density is not less than 1.0g/m3。
4th, metering pack.
The parts by weight of wherein each component are：Edible fungi residue 85~90, wheat bran 3~5, insect disinfestation component 3~5, attapulgite 3
~5, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5~1, urea 0.5~1, lime 1~2.
It is preferred that, 500~2000 kilograms of edible fungi residues living soil fertility regulation compounds of every mu of administration.
The fertilizer directly using live body edible fungi residue exempt from fermentation, on the basis of various nutritional ingredients are ensured, keep and
Mycelia active in bacteria residue is improved, organic fertilizer quality is improved, strengthens organic fertilizer bioactive functions, improves soil microbial community
And soil environment, increase soil fertility.
The present invention preferred Plant plane be：
Preferred scheme 1：Plant the banksia rose and honey locust simultaneously in moderate saline-alkali soil, its concrete scheme is as follows：Plateau height
For 30cm, furrow face width is 2.0 meters, and plateau width is 1.2 meters；The row of the banksia rose 4, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm are planted in plateau；It is low
The row of honey locust 2,1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows are planted on furrow.Remaining is ibid.
Preferred scheme 2：Plant the Radix Astragali and honey locust simultaneously in moderate saline-alkali soil, its concrete scheme is as follows：Plateau height
For 30cm, low furrow width is 2.0 meters, and plateau width is 1.2 meters；The row of the Radix Astragali 4, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 10- are planted in plateau
15cm；The row of honey locust 2,1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows are planted on low furrow.Remaining is ibid.
The present invention principle be：
(1) unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth) clayed aluminium alloy keep a full stand of seedings, anti-careless anti-salt
The present invention can play preserving soil moisture, water conservation, reduce salinization of soil by way of covering unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth)
Effect, so as to improve the emergence rate of Chinese medicine.By the way of unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth) covering, the weed seed under film is black
Secretly, lack and be not easy eruption under conditions of sunlight, play a part of administering weeds；When wet season of summer, unregistered land film starts degraded
Rot, air-and water-permeable progressively can be fallen by rain drop erosion, now Chinese medicine plant, which has grown up, seals ridge, can suppress what waterlogging was caused
Weed growth；Unregistered land cloth is used and changed after 3-5, persistently suppresses weed growth.Simultaneously as Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta spring
Precipitation is much smaller than evaporation capacity, causes soil drought and salinization of soil serious.Plateau polysalt, salinization of soil is more serious.Plateau of the present invention
Spring uses waterproof unregistered land film, and suppression moisture evaporation salt reduction alkali effect is good, and unregistered land film rots to wash away when wet season of summer, leads to
The further salt reduction of rain drop erosion plateau is crossed, salt reduction alkali effect is good.
(2) the low furrow of plateau and ecological community build
Using the anti-waterlogging of plateau, prevent saline and alkaline by mulch film water conservation when salt discharge alkali, i.e. plateau spring, rushed during rainy season by rainwater
Brush salt reduction alkali.The present invention is complementary, resistance to according to medicinal part complementation, Requirement Characteristics complementation, plant height spatial complementary, liquid manure characteristic simultaneously
The complementary characteristic of salt characteristic, plants different Chinese medicines and carries out ecological communities and build respectively in plateau and low furrow, not only can be with
Rationally using luminous energy, liquid manure, the yield of root drug material is improved, mutual disease-resistant, insect-prevention can also be played a part of and avoid agriculture
The use of medicine.
(3) using high-quality organic fertilizer is increased, soil fertility is increased.
Exempt from the high-quality organic fertilizer of fermenting and producing, the content of organic matter more than 65%, nitrogen phosphorus by raw material of live body edible fungi residue
Potassium content more than 4.5%, also containing abundant Medium-microelements and the beneficial organic compound of various small molecules.Every mu increases
1000 kilograms or so, soil organic matter content is remarkably improved, strengthens geobiont vigor, the soil caused by chemical fertilizer is applied in reduction
The loss of the quick-acting nutritious element of earth, and the required all kinds of nutrition compositions that continually and steadily can be grown for medicinal material.
(4) pin plateau of the present invention and saline and alkaline degree and the difference of the Chinese medicine of plantation on low furrow, are respectively adopted different cover
Cover material
The characteristics of plateau is that saline and alkaline degree is high, and medicinal material plant is short, Planting Years are relatively short.The characteristics of unregistered land film is impermeable
It is water, degradable, unregistered land film is covered in plateau, using its waterproof property, moisture evaporation salt reduction alkali is substantially reduced；And during rainy season
Film rots, by the further salt reduction alkali of rain drop erosion plateau, the problem of having taken into full account plateau salt reduction alkali.
The characteristics of low furrow is that saline and alkaline degree is low, and medicinal material plant is high, and Planting Years are relatively long.The characteristics of unregistered land cloth is part
Permeable, service life is long, and it reduces the frequency of replacing mainly for plantation woody Chinese medicine, saves artificial.On low furrow
Saline and alkaline degree is weaker, and requirement is reached using covering unregistered land cloth salt reduction base instinct.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) yield of Chinese medicine is improved
For four big factors of restriction Chinese medicine high yield：The flood of spring drought summer, barren soil, saline and alkaline row and weedy.This
Invention makes edaphic condition good (not hardened), while (black by unregistered land film using unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth) clayed aluminium alloy, water conservation
Ground cloth) mode of blinding prevents early stage weeds from sprouting, therefore ensure that the relatively higher survival rate of medicinal material；Even if in summer waterlogging
Weeds start to sprout, grown, and seal ridge because medicinal material plant has grown up, also do not interfere with plant strain growth (without weeding), prevent
The problem of weedy.The present invention also improves the situation of soil depletion by organic fertilizer, therefore the present invention substantially increases medicine
The yield and quality of material.
(2) salt reduction alkali
Using the low furrow mode of plateau, plateau spring unregistered land film water conservation salt reduction, rainy season rain drop erosion salt reduction.1 year can through experiment
1g/kg or so can be dropped to after reduction arable layer salt content 50% or so, 3 years.
(3) ecological, environmental protection
By the above-mentioned means, improving soil microbial community and soil environment using organic fertilizer, increase soil fertility, do not apply
Chemical fertilizer, do not spray insecticide, reduce it is artificial, reduce and irrigate.The present invention reduces pest and disease damage, and deduction and exemption chemical pesticide uses, is conducive to holding
Continuous production.The present invention replaces chemical fertilizer using organic fertilizer, not only ensure that more stable fertilizer efficiency (chemical fertilizer is easily washed), also favourable
In the increase soil organism, improve the situation of soil depletion.
The present invention using black mulch film, cloth controlling weeds.Unregistered land film input cost 80-120 members/mu year, saves people
More than 300 yuan of work weeding, and without pollution of herbicide.
(4) Chinese medicine is reasonably combined, improves planting benefit
The present invention is special according to medicinal part complementation, Requirement Characteristics complementation, the complementation of plant height spatial complementary, liquid manure characteristic, salt tolerant
Property complementary characteristic, plant different Chinese medicines respectively in plateau and low furrow, improve the overall income of Chinese medicine.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the low furrow schematic diagram of plateau that the embodiment of the present invention is used；As shown in figure 1, it is isosceles trapezoid, height
30cm, 1.2 meters of plateau width, low furrow width is 2.0 meters；
Fig. 2 is the monthly variation (1966-2001) of Dongying City precipitation；
Fig. 3 is the monthly variation (1966-2001) of Dongying City temperature.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：Delta Region of The Yellow River weather, soil, plant characteristics analysis
1st, climatic analysis
As Figure 2-3, Delta Region of The Yellow River spring drought-summer flood-autumn it is refreshing-winter is dry；While annual precipitation 547mm, year
Evaporation capacity 1887mm, year evaporation capacity be 3.5 times of annual precipitation, this is also a major reason for causing the salinization of soil serious.
2nd, Huanghe delta soil characteristic (moisture soil)
The Huanghe delta characteristics of soil fertility of table 1
Remarks：Rank is, according to national 2nd overall survey of soil grade scale, to be divided into 6 grades.
As can be seen from Table 1：In addition to greenhouse vegetable plot and orchard, the content of organic matter and nitrogen content in other plot are all very
It is low, soil depletion.
3rd, salinity is analyzed
The soil layer salinity of table 2 and moisture change (Kenli Yongan)
Table 3 irrigates the influence (Kenli Yongan) to soil layer salt content
It can be seen that from table 2-3：In soil, salt and water relation closely, topsoil due to being influenceed by moisture evaporation,
Salt content is higher, is washed when carrying out interim salinity by irrigation or summer rainwater, salt content is effectively controlled.Therefore,
Delta Region of The Yellow River spring salt content is higher, and summer is declined by rain drop erosion salt content.
4th, Delta Region of The Yellow River weeds feature
Delta Region of The Yellow River weeds have 287 kinds of 63 section.Dominant weed have lady's-grass, reed, purslane, eleusine indica, Eclipta prostrata,
10 kinds of ivy glorybind, lamb's-quarters, barnyard grass, acalypha copperleaf and cogongrass etc..The vitality of Delta Region of The Yellow River weeds is strong, and especially summer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging is miscellaneous
Grass grows wild, and leverages the growth of Chinese medicine.
To sum up, it is from weather, soil, plant characteristics analysis Delta Region of The Yellow River feature：Soil depletion, the content of organic matter
It is low；Soil is moisture soil, and spring drought dehydration, salt is walked with water, and water loses salt and stayed；Summer rain comes, and salt is walked with water, and current salt is gone；Rainwater helps grass
Raw, fertilizer urges careless length.Totally cause that spring drought salt affected soil is hardened to take seedling difficult, rainy season waterlogging grass take medicine high yield it is difficult the problem of.
Embodiment 2：The banksia rose-gleditsia sinensis ecology production community hight
1) the low furrow of plateau are built
Salt-soda soil：Moderate saline-alkali soil, initial salt content is 0.23% or so；
The low furrow of plateau as shown in Figure 1 are made in Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta first；Its height is 30cm, low furrow width
For 2.0 meters, plateau width is 1.2 meters；
2) ecological community builds
The banksia rose (kind is planted in plateau：Elecampane) 4 rows, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm；The row of honey locust 2 is planted on low furrow,
1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.
Elecampane：Medicinal part is dry root, biennial herbaceous plant, light, 1-2 meters of plant height.Elecampane intolerant to
Drought, growth conditions is not harsh, less demanding to soil, is adapted to cultivate in Chinese most places.
Honey locust：Medicinal part is gleditsia sinensis and spina gleditsiae.Deciduous tree, the height of tree is up to 15~20 meters.Property light and slightly resistance to shade,
Warm and moist weather and deep fertile appropriate moistening soil are liked, but not tight is required to soil, in calcium carbonate and saline and alkaline or even clay
Or sand can normal growth.
The banksia rose and gleditsia sinensis collocation, medicinal part are complementary, and plateau is adapted to the root development of banksia rose Chinese medicine；Low furrow are adapted to gleditsia sinensis
Harvesting.The plant height gap of the two is utilized simultaneously, the two is obtained preferable lighting conditions.
3) unregistered land film is covered when sowing (transplanting)
First, covered in plateau and gardening unregistered land cloth is covered on degradable waterproof unregistered land film, low furrow, then carry out Chinese medicine
Material sows (transplanting), the soil in addition to Chinese medicine is all covered under unregistered land film (or unregistered land cloth), (or black by unregistered land film
Ground cloth) under lucifuge, soil moisture conservation, water conservation, play weed growth, the purpose of salt resistance alkali under suppression unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth)；Treat summer rain
Ji Shi, unregistered land film starts degraded and rotted, and air-and water-permeable progressively can be fallen by rain drop erosion, and Chinese medicine plant, which has grown up, seals ridge, can
To suppress weed growth；Unregistered land cloth is used and changed after 3-5.
4) base manure is used as using organic fertilizer
Base manure uses organic fertilizer, not to fertilize；Improve the situation of soil depletion by organic fertilizer；Organic fertilizer uses application number
2017102498034 is (entitled：A kind of edible fungi residue living soil fertility regulation compound and preparation method thereof)
Edible fungi residue living soil fertility adjusts compound, every mu of 800~1200 kilograms of administration.
5) field management
It need not be sprayed insecticide in whole planting process, be not required to topdress, be not required to irrigate, be not required to the i.e. achievable high yield of weeding；Treat
Chinese medicine can be harvested when meeting harvesting standard.
Illustrate its effect below in conjunction with test example
Experimental design：2014-2016 is tested in Wudi County, and experiment chooses initial salt content in 0.23-0.24%
Saline and alkaline plot, totally three groups of experiment separating tests group, control group 1 and control group 2, every group of 3 repetitions are often repeated using 1 mu of ground.
On April 1st, 2014 is sowed, and elecampane, the emergence rate of honey locust, survival rate are counted then in plantation, and plantation harvests building then
Fragrant root tuber, calculates the yield (fresh kind) of elecampane root tuber；And the system on April 1 in the April 1, May 1 and 2-3 in the 1st year
Count the salt content at soil 20cm.
Test example：The low furrow of plateau as shown in Figure 1 are made, its height is 30cm, and low furrow width is 2.0 meters, plateau width
For 1.2 meters.The banksia rose (kind is planted in plateau：Elecampane) 4 rows, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm；The row of honey locust 2 is planted on low furrow,
1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.The plateau of elecampane 2 totally 8 row is planted on every mu of ground altogether, the low furrow of honey locust 2 totally 4 row.Other be the same as Examples
2。
Control group 1：According to usual manner before, every mu of plantation elecampane (kind on the salt-soda soil in same plot：Soil
The banksia rose) 16 rows, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm.Using local conventional plantation and management method.
Control group 2：According to usual manner before, planting soil honey locust (one year seedling) on the salt-soda soil in same plot
8 rows, 1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.Using local conventional plantation and management method.
The present invention and documents 1-2 planting percent, yield result are as shown in table 4.In different annual soil salt contents
Situation is as shown in table 5.
The planting percent of the test example of the present invention of table 4 and comparative example, yield result contrast
As can be seen from Table 4：Survival rate after the emergence rate of elecampane and rain is greatly improved using the method for the present invention,
And compared to comparative example 1, even if the elecampane of the present invention only plantation 50%, still can improve its yield 46.5%.Meanwhile, this hair
Survival rate after the bright emergence rate and rain for also improving honey locust.Prove that " spring drought causes salt affected soil to the present invention in solution in method
Hardened medicinal material takes seedling difficult, and rainy season waterlogging is weedy to fight for fertilizer, sunlight with medicinal material, causes high yield difficult, salinization of soil and soil are lean
It is thin that also to further result in root yield low " the problem of on, with good effect.
The soil of table 5 (20cm) salt content is determined
As can be seen from Table 5：The method of the present invention plays very important in terms of the salinization and alkalization in reduction salt-soda soil
Effect.Salt content reduces half within 2nd year, and salt content can be reduced to 1g/kg substantially within the 3rd year.
Embodiment 3：The Radix Astragali-gleditsia sinensis ecology production community hight
1) the low furrow of plateau are built
Salt-soda soil：Moderate saline-alkali soil, initial salt content is 0.23%；
The low furrow of plateau as shown in Figure 1 are made in Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta first；Its height is 30cm, furrow face width
For 2.0 meters, plateau width is 1.2 meters.
2) ecological community builds
The row of the Radix Astragali 4, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm are planted in plateau；The row of honey locust 2,1 meter of line-spacing, spacing in the rows are planted on low furrow
0.5 meter.
The Radix Astragali：Medicinal part is dry root, herbaceos perennial, 0.6-1.2 meters of plant height.Light happiness is cool, resists cold
It is drought-enduring, To Be Protected from Heat be afraid of flood, suitably soil layer it is deep, rich in humus, permeable power it is strong sandy loam plantation, compared with Salt And Alkali Tolerance, root is vertical
Growth has cultivation all over China up to more than 1 meter.
Honey locust：Gleditsia sinensis, spina gleditsiae can all be used as medicine.Deciduous tree, the height of tree is up to 15~20 meters.Property light and slightly resistance to shade, happiness
Warm and moist weather and deep fertile appropriate moistening soil, but not tight is required to soil, in calcium carbonate and saline and alkaline or even clay or
Sand can normal growth.
The Radix Astragali and gleditsia sinensis collocation, medicinal part are complementary, and growing space is complementary, and plateau is adapted to the root of the root drug materials such as the Radix Astragali
Develop in portion；Low furrow are adapted to the harvesting of gleditsia sinensis.The plant height gap of the two is utilized simultaneously, the two is obtained preferable daylighting bar
Part.
3) covering unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth) when sowing (transplanting)
First, covered in plateau and gardening unregistered land cloth is covered on degradable waterproof unregistered land film, low furrow, then carry out Chinese medicine
Material sows (transplanting), the soil in addition to Chinese medicine is all covered under unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth), passes through unregistered land film (unregistered land
Cloth) under lucifuge, soil moisture conservation, water conservation, play weed growth, the purpose of salt resistance alkali under suppression unregistered land film (unregistered land cloth)；Treat wet season of summer
When, unregistered land film starts degraded and rotted, and air-and water-permeable progressively can be fallen by rain drop erosion, and Chinese medicine plant has grown up envelope ridge, can be with
Suppress weed growth；Unregistered land cloth is used and changed after 3-5.
4) base manure is used as using organic fertilizer
Base manure uses organic fertilizer, not to fertilize；By disposably increasing high-quality organic fertilizer, dramatically increase the soil organism and contain
Amount, increases soil fertility；Organic fertilizer is (entitled using application number 2017102498034：A kind of edible fungi residue active soil
Earth fertility regulation compound and preparation method thereof) edible fungi residue living soil fertility regulation compound, every mu of administration 800~
1200 kilograms.
5) field management
It need not typically be sprayed insecticide in whole planting process, be not required to topdress, be not required to man-made irrigation, you can realize high yield；Treat
Chinese medicine can be harvested when meeting harvesting standard.
Illustrate its effect below in conjunction with test example
Experimental design：2014-2016 is tested in Kenli, experiment choose initial salt content 0.23 or so it is saline and alkaline
Plot, totally three groups of experiment separating tests group, control group 1 and control group 2, every group of 3 repetitions are often repeated using 1 mu of ground.2014 4
The moon 8 was sowed, and counts the Radix Astragali, the emergence rate of honey locust, survival rate then in plantation, Radix Astragali block is harvested in October, 2015
Root, calculates the yield of Radix Astragali root tuber (fresh kind), and count soil in the April 8 in the April 8, May 8 and 2-3 of the 1st year
Salt content at 20cm.
Test example：The low furrow of plateau as shown in Figure 1 are made, its height is 30cm, and furrow face width is 2.0 meters, plateau width
For 1.2 meters.The row of the Radix Astragali 4, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm are planted in plateau；The row of honey locust 2,1 meter of line-spacing, spacing in the rows are planted on low furrow
0.5 meter.The plateau of the Radix Astragali 2 totally 8 row is planted on every mu of ground altogether, the low furrow of honey locust 2 totally 4 row.Other be the same as Examples 2.
Control group 1：According to usual manner before, every mu of plantation row of the Radix Astragali 16, line-spacing on the salt-soda soil in same plot
30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm.Using local conventional plantation and management method.
Control group 2：According to usual manner before, planting soil honey locust (one year seedling) on the salt-soda soil in same plot
8 rows, 1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows.Using local conventional plantation and management method.
The present invention and documents 1-2 planting percent, yield result are as shown in table 6.In different annual soil salt contents
Situation is as shown in table 7.
The planting percent of the test example of the present invention of table 6 and comparative example, yield result contrast
As can be seen from Table 4：Survival rate after the emergence rate of the Radix Astragali and rain is greatly improved using the method for the present invention, and
Compared to comparative example 1, even if the Radix Astragali of the present invention only plantation 50%, still can improve its yield 38.6%.Meanwhile, the present invention is also
Improve survival rate after the emergence rate and rain of honey locust.Prove that " spring drought causes salt affected soil hardened to the present invention in solution in method
Medicinal material takes seedling difficult, and rainy season waterlogging is weedy to fight for fertilizer, sunlight with medicinal material, causes high yield difficult, salinization of soil and barren soil
Further result in root yield low " the problem of on, with good effect.
The soil of table 7 (20cm) salt content is determined
As can be seen from Table 7：The method of the present invention plays very important in terms of the salinization and alkalization in reduction salt-soda soil
Effect.Salt content reduces half within 2nd year, and salt content can be reduced to below 1g/kg substantially within the 3rd year.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
1) the low furrow of plateau make
Bucking ladder is made on Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta first, the plane abbreviation plateau wherein at the top of bucking ladder, plateau width
For 1.2-1.5 meters；Bottom furrow face between adjacent trapezoidal platform is referred to as low furrow, and low furrow width is 2.0-2.3 meters；Plateau and low furrow
Difference in height be 25-40cm；
2) ecological crop group builds
Two kinds of Chinese medicine collocation are planted, and the Chinese medicine species planted in plateau is：Medicine position is root, plant is short, salt tolerance
Good Chinese medicine；The Chinese medicine species planted on low furrow is：Medicine position is non-root, the Chinese medicine that plant is tall and big, resistance to overhead flooding injury is good
Material；
3) covering unregistered land film or unregistered land cloth before sowing
First, covering unregistered land cloth is covered on degradable waterproof unregistered land film, low furrow in plateau, then carry out Chinese medicine sowing or
Transplant, make that the soil in addition to Chinese medicine is all covered in unregistered land film or unregistered land is planted；When wet season of summer, unregistered land film starts drop
Solution is rotted, and air-and water-permeable is progressively fallen by rain drop erosion, and now Chinese medicine plant, which has grown up, seals ridge, suppresses weed growth；Unregistered land
Cloth is used and changed after 3-5；
4) organic fertilizer is used as base manure
Base manure uses organic fertilizer, not to fertilize；
It can be harvested when Chinese medicine meets harvesting standard.
2. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described to have
Machine fertilizer adjusts compound, every mu of 500~2000 kilograms of amount of application for edible fungi residue living soil fertility.
3. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, medicinal material kind
Do not spray insecticide, do not topdress during plant, not irrigating, not weeding.
4. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the height
The Chinese medicine species planted on platform is the banksia rose, the Radix Astragali or blackberry lily.
5. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described low
The Chinese medicine species planted on furrow is honey locust, peppermint tree or narrow-leaved oleaster.
6. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, institute
State to plant in plateau and plant honey locust on the banksia rose or the Radix Astragali, low furrow.
7. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, using depth
Pine fertilising builds the flat furrow all-in-one of platform and carries out integrated site preparation and fertilization；Using sowing film mulching integrated machine carry out integration sowing overlay film or
Person carries out integration transplanting overlay film using film mulching integrated machine is transplanted；The harvest of Chinese medicine is carried out using net system packaging integrated machine.
8. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as described in any one in claim 1-5, its
Be characterized in, the step 1) plateau highly be 30cm, low furrow width be 2.0 meters, plateau width be 1.2 meters.
9. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, in moderate
The banksia rose and honey locust are planted on salt-soda soil simultaneously, its scheme is as follows：The row of the banksia rose 4, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm are planted in plateau；
The row of honey locust 2,1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows are planted on low furrow.
10. the ecological production method of a kind of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, in
Spend and plant the Radix Astragali and honey locust on salt-soda soil simultaneously, its concrete scheme is as follows：The row of the Radix Astragali 4, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows are planted in plateau
10-15cm；The row of honey locust 2,1 meter of line-spacing, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows are planted on low furrow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710487496.3A CN107231918A (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710487496.3A CN107231918A (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107231918A true CN107231918A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
Family
ID=59987170
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710487496.3A Pending CN107231918A (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2017-06-23 | A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107231918A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109757246A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | A method of improving salt-soda soil honey locust survival rate |
| CN111386785A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Biological method for saline-alkali soil improvement |
| CN114190239A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-03-18 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Planting method of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1433671A (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2003-08-06 | 山东师范大学 | Wheat high yield cultivation technology in saline-alkali soil |
| CN102870565A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-16 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Method for increasing greening survival rate of seashore solonchak |
| CN103798038A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-05-21 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Full-seedling method of okra in moderate saline-alkali land of coastal mud flat |
| CN104160810A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-26 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Sowing method for traditional Chinese medicines in saline and alkaline land |
| CN105027917A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting grain amaranth and coptis chinensis in saline and alkaline land |
| CN106613221A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省花生研究所 | Cottonseed intercrop-planting method for achieving dual high peanut/cotton yields in saline and alkaline land |
| CN106613233A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Cultivation method for high-yield of oil sunflower and peanut interplantation on saline-alkali land |
-
2017
- 2017-06-23 CN CN201710487496.3A patent/CN107231918A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1433671A (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2003-08-06 | 山东师范大学 | Wheat high yield cultivation technology in saline-alkali soil |
| CN102870565A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-16 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Method for increasing greening survival rate of seashore solonchak |
| CN103798038A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-05-21 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Full-seedling method of okra in moderate saline-alkali land of coastal mud flat |
| CN104160810A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-26 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Sowing method for traditional Chinese medicines in saline and alkaline land |
| CN105027917A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting grain amaranth and coptis chinensis in saline and alkaline land |
| CN106613221A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省花生研究所 | Cottonseed intercrop-planting method for achieving dual high peanut/cotton yields in saline and alkaline land |
| CN106613233A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Cultivation method for high-yield of oil sunflower and peanut interplantation on saline-alkali land |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109757246A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | A method of improving salt-soda soil honey locust survival rate |
| CN111386785A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Biological method for saline-alkali soil improvement |
| CN114190239A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-03-18 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Planting method of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine |
| CN114190239B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-01-17 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Planting method of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105660285B (en) | A kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut | |
| CN101836571A (en) | Method for planting medlar in high-altitude saline-alkali soil | |
| CN101176407A (en) | Artificial cultivation technique for black fruit medlar in alkaline land | |
| CN105284394A (en) | High-yield planting method for preventing and treating corn stem rot in semi-arid regions | |
| CN102318529B (en) | Aquatic and dry amphibious planting method for rice | |
| CN101438659A (en) | Good-quality high-yield culture technique of Ligusticum wallichii | |
| CN103988702A (en) | Tea seedling black film mulching cultivation method | |
| CN104541874A (en) | Method for planting radix puerariae through bio-organic fertilizer | |
| CN109076910A (en) | A kind of konjaku high yield cultivating method covering mulch | |
| CN103875431B (en) | Storehouse, low altitude area region of no relief page rhodiola root stock breeding method | |
| CN103804070B (en) | A kind of Herba Anoectochili roxburghii cultivation assists material and returns crude culture method | |
| CN104255106A (en) | Powdery ridge cultivation method for economic forests on hilly lands | |
| CN110612854A (en) | Planting method of zanthoxylum bungeanum | |
| CN105875126A (en) | Intercropping planting cultivation method of oil peony and oil paeonia lactiflora | |
| CN105557483A (en) | Organic strawberry soilless culture method | |
| CN107278740A (en) | A kind of rocky mountainous area Rice Cropping new technology | |
| CN107231918A (en) | A kind of ecological production method of Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta Chinese medicine | |
| CN103430743B (en) | A soil Optimum Cultivation method of planting ginseng | |
| CN104686156A (en) | Interplanting method of selenium-rich tea | |
| CN102640651A (en) | Turmeric seed ginger optimized-selection and planting method | |
| CN103125248B (en) | Cultivation method of organic ginseng | |
| CN102960145A (en) | Eco-economical revegetation method for carrying out water and soil conservation in karst dry-hot valley by utilizing Phyllanthus emblca L. | |
| CN104692943A (en) | Selenium-rich soil fertilizer for planting selenium-enriched vegetables | |
| CN108967097A (en) | A kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method | |
| CN104718945A (en) | Method for cultivating selenium-rich vegetables in improved farmland |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20171010 |