CN1926958A - Acupoint irrigation and water-saving method by filling fruit tree fertilizer water acupoint with waste material of edible mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for embedding edible mushroom into the cavity of fruit tree, which can use the mushroom slag to adsorb and keep water, as the organic fertilizer to improve the soil quality, to reduce the leakage of water after traditional water irrigation. And it can release the water of mushroom slag slowly, in dry season, to circulate waste material.

Description

Fruit tree rich water cave landfill waste material of edible mushroom hole irrigation water-saving method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the fruit tree planting technique field, specifically relate to a planting fruit-trees rich water cave landfill waste material of edible mushroom hole irrigation water-saving method.

Background technology

In fruit growing, often occur causing damage because of arid, even the serious consequence of dead tree.Though plentiful such as Three Gorge Reservoir Region in Chongqing precipitation, about annual rainfall 1200mm, water resource distributes very inhomogeneous on space-time, many slope gardens water source is in short supply, and seasonal drought is very outstanding.And with regard to the total amount of water balance, year evaporation discharge is greater than annual rainfall, the moisture insufficient total amount.The rapid expanding stage of branch growth, young fruit development and fruit usually meets with the harm of high temperature and drought.

Agricultural irrigation is the water rich and influential family, and its water consumption accounts for 80% of national total water amount, under the traditional irrigation mode, the availability of China's agricultural irrigation water has only 43%, well below the level of the 70%-80% of developed country, the waste of water is very serious, and water-saving irrigation is imperative.On the other hand, China orchard is built in hillside fields and decentralized management most the genus.Though water saving facility is a developing direction in the future, but Xian Jin water-saving irrigation project system comparatively, it is bigger that the amount of labour used is buried in pipeline shop, it is more to purchase the required fund of material, water source, water quality and power also there are certain requirement, and require that certain planting scale is arranged (for example: the effective scale of drip irrigation orchard economy will more than 1000 mu).So though there is more satisfactory water-saving irrigation effect in advanced water-saving irrigation project system, present stage implementation cost too high, and unrealistic.Up to the present, still there be not very complex apparatus, material and the technology of neither needing, simultaneously simple, easily report for the water-saving irrigation method that the orchard worker grasped.

Summary of the invention

Waste material of edible mushroom, i.e. bacterium slag after the Edible Fungi.In the production reality, many Edible Fungi persons often are placed on these scrap heaps and let alone to rot around the mushroom field, and what have then is poured among pool, Xi Gou, the lake, gently then causes environmental pollution, and are heavy then cause damage by disease and insect to spread.The utilization of bacterium slag handles that it is planted the edible mushroom except that utilizing cultivation again, also has processing to do edible fungi residue feed and as fuel.Main recycling by way of being as organic manure.

The objective of the invention is to, one planting fruit-trees rich water cave landfill waste material of edible mushroom hole irrigation water-saving method is provided, utilize suction, the water retention capacity of bacterium slag, and the function of improving the soil as fertilizer, the bacterium slag is handled and the combination of hole irrigation technology, reach and improve the soil and water-saving irrigation, realize the purpose that scrap loop utilization and orchard ecology are optimized.

The present invention realizes by following steps:

(1) arid season, at fruit tree plant tree crown drip, promptly 3～4 rich water caves are evenly excavated in the upright projection position, ground of tree crown periphery, the dark 50cm in cave, bore 40cm;

(2) the bacterium slag of an edible fungus bag is imbedded in every cave, and the bacterium slag fully absorbs water before burying, or in the rich water cave of pouring water after burying;

(3) cover the cave mouth with plastic film or grass, reduce water evaporates;

Rotate other excavation rich water caves, positions in (4) second years, carry out identical operations.

Heavily about 1 kilogram of the bacterium slag of an edible fungus bag, after measured, average every kilogram of bacterium slag can absorb water 6.5 kilograms.

The orchard soil fertilising is in the rich water cave.Orchard other management pruning, intercropping, extermination of disease and insect pest, technical measures such as gather are identical with the common cultivation method.

Advantage of the present invention is: (1) edible fungi residues recycling, reduce environmental pollution; (2) utilize suction, the water retention characteristic of waste material of edible mushroom, fully suction, the infiltration that reduces behind the traditional water irrigation is run off.When the soil drought lack of water, the moisture that remains in the bacterium slag slowly discharges simultaneously, supplies the fruit tree root system, reaches the effect of water-saving irrigation; (3) quality of improving the soil increases the soil organic matter.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

In May, 2005, to carry out rich water cave landfill bacterium slag as stated above in Southwestern University jargonel experiment base and handle, the jargonel kind is emerald green hat (the river pears are stock), age of tree life in 4 years, 3 rich water caves of every strain tree excavation are contrast with traditional rich water cave landfill straw.The result as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

The effect of table 1 rich water cave landfill bacterium slag ^*

Handle	August 25 face of land soil temperature (℃)	The 20cm soil temperature (℃)	Blade relative water content %	Moisture is saturated naturally to be lost	Rate of leaf protection %
						Landfill straw rich water cave, rich water cave landfill bacterium slag does not have location, rich water cave	37.5±1.33b 37.5±1.46c 37.7±2.14a	29.5±1.30b 27.6±1.44c 33.2±1.47a	78.5±2.1b 86.5±1.9a 62.7±1.8d	21.5±2.0c 13.5±1.8d 37.3±1.7a	89.3 94.6 63.2

^*In August, 2005 assay determination time

Table 2 rich water cave landfill bacterium slag influences the jargonel fruit quality ^*

Handle	Leaf N%	Leaf P%	Leaf K%	Soil organic matter %	(Kg) produced in strain	Solid content (%)	Single fruit weight (g)
								Landfill straw rich water cave, rich water cave landfill bacterium slag does not have location, rich water cave	2.32 2.42 2.31	0.12 0.14 0.08	0.40 0.46 0.21	1.15 2.08 0.87	7.75 12.25 4.15	12.4 13.2 10.5	214 265 167

^*July 14 2005 assay determination time

Show the enforcement and the application of this technical method, increase the soil organic matter, optimized the thermal and hydric environment of orchard soil, and improved moisture, the Nutrition and Metabolism of precocious pear tree body, thereby improved output and fruit quality.

Owing to only excavate the rich water cave one time every year, reduced the labour who applies fertilizer traditionally, pours water and dropped into, effectively reduce production cost.

Embodiment 2:

On July 15th, 2006, to carry out rich water cave landfill bacterium slag as stated above in Southwestern University jargonel experiment base and handle, the jargonel kind is emerald green hat (the river pears are stock), age of tree life in 5 years, 4 rich water caves of every strain tree excavation are contrast with traditional rich water cave landfill straw.The result is as shown in table 3.

The saving water, resisting drought effect of table 3 rich water cave landfill bacterium slag ^*

Handle	September 2 face of land soil temperature (℃)	The 20cm soil temperature (℃)	Blade relative water content %	Moisture is saturated naturally to be lost	Rate of leaf protection %
						Landfill straw rich water cave, rich water cave landfill bacterium slag does not have location, rich water cave	51.5±1.53b 51.0±1.56c 51.5±1.74a	30.5±1.30b 30.1±1.44c 35.2±1.47a	68.5±2.6b 80.3±2.49a 57.6±1.9d	31.5±2.1c 19.7±1.6d 43.4±1.5a	56.5 90.8 17.2

^*Noon 11 September 2 2006 assay determination time was up to 12 o'clock.

7～August in 2006, Chongqing meets with high temperature and drought not seen once in a hundred years, and this technical method is used as seen from Table 3 good saving water, resisting drought effect, and rate of leaf protection, blade relative water content obviously improve.

Claims (1)

1, a planting fruit-trees rich water cave landfill waste material of edible mushroom hole irrigation water-saving method is characterized in that, realizes by following steps:

(1) arid season, at fruit tree plant tree crown drip, promptly 3～4 rich water caves are evenly excavated in the upright projection position, ground of tree crown periphery, the dark 50cm in cave, bore 40cm;

(2) the bacterium slag of an edible fungus bag is imbedded in every cave, and the bacterium slag fully absorbs water before burying, or in the rich water cave of pouring water after burying;

(3) cover the cave mouth with plastic film or grass, reduce water evaporates;

Rotate other excavation rich water caves, positions in (4) second years, carry out identical operations.