CN107996317A - A kind of method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry - Google Patents
A kind of method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN107996317A CN107996317A CN201711286886.0A CN201711286886A CN107996317A CN 107996317 A CN107996317 A CN 107996317A CN 201711286886 A CN201711286886 A CN 201711286886A CN 107996317 A CN107996317 A CN 107996317A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry, biogas slurry is poured onto in greenhouse, the biogas slurry poured rushes the biogas slurry of any anaerobic fermentation stage after excrement or dry collection for water, wherein, the biogas slurry amount poured is according to the different and different of biogas slurry technique, after biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse, which seals, carries out rising, fermentation for 20~35 days；After sealing the time limit, remove greenhouse film in time, dried, it is different according to the biogas slurry of different process to dry the time, after Chinese cabbage transplanting, the biogas slurry that water rushes anaerobic fermentation time >=15 day after anaerobic fermentation time the ＞ biogas slurry or dry collection of 30 days after excrement technique is added according to water requirement to before Chinese cabbage harvest after slow seedling, the present invention not only realizes Chinese cabbage cultivation overall process consumption biogas slurry, and improves the yield of Chinese cabbage and reduce the pest and disease damage of Chinese cabbage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry.
Background technology
Pig farm biogas slurry refers to the liquid residue produced together after anaerobic fermentation by swine excrement and sewage.Pig farm biogas slurry
The component contents such as middle COD, nitrogen, phosphorus are higher, and surrounding body self-purification function certainly will be impacted by directly discharging environment.A large amount of investigations
Data show that pig farm biogas slurry region planted agent is extremely low with degree, and route of administration is less, it has also become livestock and poultry cultivation accessory substance, crop
One of limiting factor of stalk marsh gas trans-utilization, causes public opinion extensive concern and the height weight of governments at all levels' pollution treatment decision-making
Depending on.
Pig farm is handled and utilizes by the collective effect such as agricultural land soil and existence microorganism in the soil, crops
The method of biogas slurry, is easily implementation generally acknowledged at present and effective processing method.Patent 201410089143.4 discloses
It is a kind of using sand culture mode planting forage grass to dissolve the method for pig farm biogas slurry, using the characteristics of husky large specific retention force difference and herbage
Efficient transpiration quickly cuts down the moisture in biogas slurry, and a large amount of nutriments accumulated in biogas slurry are needed for herbage growth, in height
Under frequency biogas slurry is irrigated, the high benign cycle of formation efficiency, it is dirty and for blue or green ability to greatly improve receiving for herbage, however, it is desirable to
Sand culture, thus it is only suitable for suitable area utilization；The biogas slurry agricultural Model consumption technical research of Master's thesis pig farm（Zhao Lili,《River
Southern university》2010）Disclose using Vegetables consumption pig farm biogas slurry, but the biogas slurry dissolved is the normal use biogas of 1 year
Pond discharges the biogas slurry in middle level, i.e., can only dissolve the biogas slurry of complete oxidation, and biogas slurry consumption amount is small, still, pig farm biogas slurry at present
The difficult point of cropland application is the biogas slurry that periphery is limited for matched farmland area and unprocessed or degree for the treatment of is different nearby
There are great difference, biogas slurry treatment and improper use easily to cause crop cut for consumption amount and application effect in Different Crop
Production, or even pollution surrounding enviroment etc., therefore, in production are badly in need of one kind and had not only ensured crop yield and lifted quality but also can be at utmost
Dissolve the biogas slurry consumption method of Different treatments.
The content of the invention
, can maximum consumption the present invention provides a kind of method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry
The biogas slurry of Different treatments, realizes utilization of waste as resource, turns waste into wealth, and reduces the incidence of Chinese cabbage, improves
The yield of Chinese cabbage.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is such that one kind is whole using Chinese cabbage cultivation
The efficiently method of consumption pig farm biogas slurry, includes the following steps：
1）Before Chinese cabbage is planted, the preceding crop in greenhouse was harvested in due course in 2 months in advance, remove plant residue in spite of illness, put down
Whole soil；
2）Surrounding inside greenhouse buries the hard baffle of 60~80cm of height, underground 40~60cm of buried depth, and overground part retains
15~20cm, prevents biogas slurry from outflowing, and influences surrounding enviroment；
3）Repair greenhouse film, it is ensured that leakproofness；
4）Biogas slurry is poured onto in greenhouse, the biogas slurry poured is that water rushes any anaerobic fermentation stage after excrement or dry collection
Biogas slurry, wherein, when the biogas slurry poured rushes the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days after excrement technique for water, corresponding pouring per acre
Measure as 16.7~33.3 tons, it is right per acre when the biogas slurry poured rushes the biogas slurry of 15-30 days anaerobic fermentation time after excrement technique for water
The irrigation amount answered is 33.3~66.7 tons；The biogas slurry poured rushes the anaerobic fermentation time ＞ biogas slurry of 30 days after excrement technique for water
When, corresponding irrigation amount is 66.7~100 tons per acre；The biogas slurry poured is the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ 15 after dry collection
During it biogas slurry, corresponding irrigation amount is 33.3~66.7 tons per acre, and the biogas slurry poured is the anaerobism hair after dry collection
During the biogas slurry of ferment time >=15 day, corresponding irrigation amount is 66.7~100 tons per acre；
5）After biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse seals 20~35 days, and closed rising, fermentation is carried out using solar energy；
6）After sealing the time limit, greenhouse film is removed in time, is dried, when step 4）The biogas slurry poured rushes excrement work for water
After skill during the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days, dry 5~10 days；When step 4）After the biogas slurry poured rushes excrement technique for water
During the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days after 15-30 days anaerobic fermentation time or dry collection, dry 10~15 days；When
Step 4）The biogas slurry poured for water rush anaerobic fermentation time ＞ after excrement technique 30 days or dry collection after anaerobic fermentation when
Between >=biogas slurry of 15 days when, dry 15~20 days, after drying, 10~30 kilograms of composite fertilizers of compounding application are ploughed deeply per acre
Soil；
7）After soil is ploughed deeply, natural drying 7~10 days, then fine site preparation, bedding of ditching, is selected in the same size and strong
Strong Chinese cabbage seedling replanting；
8）After Chinese cabbage plantation, drip irrigation zone is laid with, pouring clear water makes soil mass water accumulating volume up to 22~25%；
9）The last week is harvested to Chinese cabbage after Chinese cabbage slow seedling, when soil volumetric water content≤18%, excrement is rushed with the watering of drip irrigation zone full dose
After technique after anaerobic fermentation time the ＞ biogas slurry or dry collection of 30 days anaerobic fermentation time >=15 day biogas slurry, make soil
Volumetric(al) moisture content is up to 22~25%.
Wherein, in order to enable biogas slurry advantageously promote Chinese cabbage growth and volume increase, step 5）In, greenhouse seals the time limit according to natural pond
Depending on liquid attenuation degree, the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ natural pond of 15 days after the biogas slurry of pouring rushes excrement technique or dry collection for water
During liquid, Sealing period 30-35 days；Anaerobic fermentation time >=15 after the biogas slurry of pouring rushes excrement technique or dry collection for water
It biogas slurry, Sealing period 20-30 days.
Preferably, the drip irrigation zone aperture of laying is 1.5~2.0mm.
Beneficial effect：
1st, the present invention realizes Chinese cabbage cultivation overall process consumption biogas slurry, in addition to the at utmost consumption for realizing pig farm biogas slurry, per acre may be used
Realize 30~130 tons of pig farm biogas slurry of consumption, handled in advance before Chinese cabbage is planted using biogas slurry pouring, both take full advantage of planting industry
The neutral gear phase of crops for rotation linking, and culture fertility, reduce the usage amount of chemical 30-40 kilograms of composite fertilizer of base fertilizer per acre；In Chinese cabbage kind
Certain biogas slurry is applied during plant, both amount of makeup water, also realizes the nitrogenous fertilizer supply of Chinese cabbage growth, substitute the urea amount used in top dressing,
The occurrence frequency of pest and disease damage is reduced, average one batch of Chinese cabbage plantation can save medication 2~3 times, can also while saving planting cost
Promote the tuning of Chinese cabbage quality.
2nd, because of contained component difference, improper use, is easily caused for different disposal technique and the biogas slurry of Various Fermenting Degree
The Chinese cabbage underproduction, the present invention correspond to the pig farm natural pond using different disposal technique and attenuation degree in Chinese cabbage cultivation different phase
Liquid, had both realized different disposal technique（Excrement or dry collection are rushed including water）With the consumption of the biogas slurry of Various Fermenting Degree, delay
The pressure of feces of farm subsequent treatment is solved, utilization of waste as resource is realized, turns waste into wealth, while realize the yield of Chinese cabbage
The reduction with pest and disease damage is increased income, increases income more than 100 kilograms per acre.
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, embodiment choosing
Breeds of Chinese cabbage is selected as blue or green miscellaneous No. 3 of improvement, plastic greenhouse cultivation, rich water dosage and yield are according to the actual cultivated area of greenhouse per acre
Conversion, which is only used for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
Embodiment 1
1）The preceding stubble capsicum in greenhouse is harvested in due course in early June, plant residue in spite of illness is removed, levels land；
2）Surrounding inside greenhouse buries the hard cement plate of height 80cm, underground buried depth 65cm, and overground part retains 15cm, prevents
Only biogas slurry outflows, and influences surrounding enviroment；
3）Repair greenhouse film, it is ensured that leakproofness；
4）Then biogas slurry is poured onto in greenhouse, watering pours water rushes 33.3 tons of the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry of 12 days after excrement technique per acre；
5）After biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse seals 30 days, and closed rising, fermentation is carried out using solar energy；
6）After sealing the time limit, greenhouse film is removed in time, dry 10 days, after drying, 15 kilograms of compounding application per acre
Composite fertilizer（NPK15-15-15）Carry out ploughing deeply soil；
7）After soil is ploughed deeply, natural drying 7 days, then fine site preparation, bedding of ditching, furrow width 10cm, furrow face are wide
100cm, plants two row Chinese cabbages on furrow, selects in the same size and robust growth Chinese cabbage seedling replanting, spacing in the rows 45cm；
8）After Chinese cabbage transplanting, aperture 1.5mm drip irrigation zones are laid with, pouring clear water makes soil mass water accumulating volume up to 25%；
9）To harvest the last week after living from Chinese cabbage, when soil volumetric water content≤18%, excrement work is rushed with the watering of drip irrigation zone full dose
The anaerobic fermentation time ＞ biogas slurry of 30 days, makes soil volumetric water content up to 23% after skill.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 4695.6 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 31%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 7%, soft rot average attack rate 7%, whole process 57.3 tons of biogas slurry of consumption.
Embodiment 2
1）The preceding stubble capsicum in greenhouse is harvested in due course in early June, plant residue in spite of illness is removed, levels land；
2）Surrounding inside greenhouse buries the hard cement plate of height 80cm, underground buried depth 65cm, and overground part retains 15cm, prevents
Only biogas slurry outflows, and influences surrounding enviroment；
3）Repair greenhouse film, it is ensured that leakproofness；
4）Then biogas slurry is poured onto in greenhouse, watering pours water rushes 66.7 tons of the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry of 28 days after excrement technique per acre；
5）After biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse seals 21 days, and closed rising, fermentation is carried out using solar energy；
6）After sealing the time limit, greenhouse film is removed in time, dry 14 days, after drying, 10 kilograms of compounding application per acre
Composite fertilizer（NPK15-15-15）Carry out ploughing deeply soil；
7）After soil is ploughed deeply, natural drying 7 days, then fine site preparation, bedding of ditching, selects in the same size and growth and is good for
Strong Chinese cabbage seedling replanting；
8）After Chinese cabbage transplanting, aperture 1.5mm drip irrigation zones are laid with, pouring clear water makes soil mass water accumulating volume up to 25%；
9）To harvest the last week after living from Chinese cabbage, when soil volumetric water content≤18%, excrement work is rushed with the watering of drip irrigation zone full dose
The anaerobic fermentation time ＞ biogas slurry of 30 days, makes soil volumetric water content up to 23% after skill.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 4963.1 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 30%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 8%, soft rot average attack rate 6%, whole process 86.7 tons of biogas slurry of consumption.
Embodiment 3
1）The preceding stubble capsicum in greenhouse is harvested in due course in early June, plant residue in spite of illness is removed, levels land；
2）Surrounding inside greenhouse buries the hard cement plate of height 80cm, underground buried depth 65cm, and overground part retains 15cm, prevents
Only biogas slurry outflows, and influences surrounding enviroment；
3）Repair greenhouse film, it is ensured that leakproofness；
4）Then biogas slurry is poured onto in greenhouse, pours 66.7 tons of the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry of 10 days after dry collection per acre；
5）After biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse seals 32 days, and closed rising, fermentation is carried out using solar energy；
6）After sealing the time limit, greenhouse film is removed in time, dry 14 days, after drying, 25 kilograms of compounding application per acre
Composite fertilizer（NPK15-15-15）Carry out ploughing deeply soil；
7）After soil is ploughed deeply, natural drying 7 days, then fine site preparation, bedding of ditching, selects in the same size and growth and is good for
Strong Chinese cabbage seedling replanting；
8）After Chinese cabbage transplanting, aperture 1.5mm drip irrigation zones are laid with, pouring clear water makes soil mass water accumulating volume up to 25%；
9）To harvest the last week after living from Chinese cabbage, when soil volumetric water content≤18%, dry cleaning up excrement work is poured with drip irrigation zone full dose
The biogas slurry of skill fermentation time >=15 day, makes soil volumetric water content up to 23%.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 4569.5 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 32%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 10%, soft rot average attack rate 6%, whole process 86.7 tons of biogas slurry of consumption.
Comparative example 1
1）The preceding stubble capsicum in greenhouse is harvested in due course in early June, plant residue in spite of illness is removed, levels land；
2）Repair greenhouse film, it is ensured that leakproofness；
3）Early August, per acre using 50 kilograms of composite fertilizers（NPK15-15-15）Carry out ploughing deeply soil；
4）After soil is ploughed deeply, natural drying 7 days, then fine site preparation, bedding of ditching, selects in the same size and growth and is good for
Strong Chinese cabbage seedling replanting；
5）After Chinese cabbage transplanting, aperture 1.5mm drip irrigation zones are laid with, pouring clear water makes soil mass water accumulating volume up to 25%；
6）Enter volume heart stage in Chinese cabbage, impose 20 kilograms of urea per acre.
7）To harvest the last week after living from Chinese cabbage, when soil volumetric water content≤18%, pouring clear water makes soil volume of water
Measure up to 23%.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 4423.7 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 43%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 15%, soft rot average attack rate 8%.
Comparative example 2
It is same as Example 1, the difference is that after step 5) biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse is sealed 10 days, step 6) the middle sealing time limit ties
Shu Hou, removes greenhouse film in time, dries 30 days.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 4319.6 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 50%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 13%, soft rot average attack rate 8%.
Comparative example 3
It is same as Example 2, the difference is that after step 5) biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse is sealed 30 days, step 6) the middle sealing time limit ties
Shu Hou, removes greenhouse film in time, dries 5 days.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 4312.8 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 39%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 15%, soft rot average attack rate 10%.
Comparative example 4
It is same as Example 1, the difference is that step 9）To harvest the last week after Chinese cabbage work, it is that water rushes excrement work to pour biogas slurry
The anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days after skill.
1 Chinese cabbage is harvested altogether, and the yield of Chinese cabbage is 3621.6 kgs/acre, virosis average attack rate 61%, downy mildew
Average attack rate 7%, soft rot average attack rate 8%.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry, it is characterised in that include the following steps：1）Before Chinese cabbage is planted, the preceding crop in greenhouse was harvested in due course in 2 months in advance, remove plant residue in spite of illness, put down Whole soil；2）Surrounding inside greenhouse buries the hard baffle of 60~80cm of height, underground 40~60cm of buried depth, and overground part retains 15~20cm, prevents biogas slurry from outflowing, and influences surrounding enviroment；3）Repair greenhouse film, it is ensured that leakproofness；4）Biogas slurry is poured onto in greenhouse, the biogas slurry poured is that water rushes any anaerobic fermentation stage after excrement or dry collection Biogas slurry, wherein, when the biogas slurry poured rushes the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days after excrement technique for water, corresponding pouring per acre Measure as 16.7~33.3 tons, it is right per acre when the biogas slurry poured rushes the biogas slurry of 15-30 days anaerobic fermentation time after excrement technique for water The irrigation amount answered is 33.3~66.7 tons；The biogas slurry poured rushes the anaerobic fermentation time ＞ biogas slurry of 30 days after excrement technique for water When, corresponding irrigation amount is 66.7~100 tons per acre；The biogas slurry poured is the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ 15 after dry collection During it biogas slurry, corresponding irrigation amount is 33.3~66.7 tons per acre, and the biogas slurry poured is the anaerobism hair after dry collection During the biogas slurry of ferment time >=15 day, corresponding irrigation amount is 66.7~100 tons per acre；5）After biogas slurry is poured, greenhouse seals 20~35 days, and closed rising, fermentation is carried out using solar energy；6）After sealing the time limit, greenhouse film is removed in time, is dried, when step 4）The biogas slurry poured rushes excrement work for water After skill during the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days, dry 5~10 days；When step 4）After the biogas slurry poured rushes excrement technique for water During the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days after 15-30 days anaerobic fermentation time or dry collection, dry 10~15 days；When Step 4）The biogas slurry poured for water rush anaerobic fermentation time ＞ after excrement technique 30 days or dry collection after anaerobic fermentation when Between >=biogas slurry of 15 days when, dry 15~20 days, after drying, 10~30 kilograms of composite fertilizers of compounding application are ploughed deeply per acre Soil；7）After soil is ploughed deeply, natural drying 7~10 days, then fine site preparation, bedding of ditching, is selected in the same size and strong Strong Chinese cabbage seedling replanting；8）After Chinese cabbage plantation, drip irrigation zone is laid with, pouring clear water makes soil mass water accumulating volume up to 22~25%；9）The last week is harvested to Chinese cabbage after Chinese cabbage slow seedling, when soil volumetric water content≤18%, excrement is rushed with the watering of drip irrigation zone full dose After technique after anaerobic fermentation time the ＞ biogas slurry or dry collection of 30 days anaerobic fermentation time >=15 day biogas slurry, make soil Volumetric(al) moisture content is up to 22~25%.
- A kind of 2. method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 5）In, greenhouse seals the time limit depending on biogas slurry attenuation degree, when the biogas slurry of pouring rushes excrement technique or dry cleaning up excrement for water After technique during the anaerobic fermentation time ＜ biogas slurry of 15 days, Sealing period 30-35 days；When pouring biogas slurry for water rush excrement technique or The biogas slurry of anaerobic fermentation time >=15 day after dry collection, Sealing period 20-30 days.
- A kind of 3. method using Chinese cabbage cultivation whole-process high-efficiency consumption pig farm biogas slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The drip irrigation zone aperture of laying is 1.5~2.0mm.
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| CN103190330A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-10 | 中国农业大学 | Soilless biogas slurry cultivation method of water spinach |
| CN103828635A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-04 | 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for utilizing sand culture mode to plant forage grass to consume biogas slurry of pig farm |
| CN105875002A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Biogas slurry, water and fertilizer integrated safe application method for protected cucumbers |
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2017
- 2017-12-07 CN CN201711286886.0A patent/CN107996317A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102498777A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method of using biogas slurry to treat continuous cropping obstacles of greenhouse soil |
| CN102656987A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-09-12 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for supplementing water and fertilizer by using biogas slurry |
| CN103190330A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-10 | 中国农业大学 | Soilless biogas slurry cultivation method of water spinach |
| CN103828635A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-04 | 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for utilizing sand culture mode to plant forage grass to consume biogas slurry of pig farm |
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