CN101292619B - Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields - Google Patents
Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields Download PDFInfo
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- CN101292619B CN101292619B CN2008100584568A CN200810058456A CN101292619B CN 101292619 B CN101292619 B CN 101292619B CN 2008100584568 A CN2008100584568 A CN 2008100584568A CN 200810058456 A CN200810058456 A CN 200810058456A CN 101292619 B CN101292619 B CN 101292619B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for water-fed forestation in arid hillside fields of arid-hot river valleys, pertaining to the technical field of water-saving agriculture. The method comprises the steps of digging large ponds, backfilling prepared fertilizers, cultivating, strengthening and field planting seedlings, timely field planting against the rain in rain season, covering with grass to keep water, top dressing in rain season to promote the seedlings, wherein, the length, the width and the depth of the planting hole of an arbor tree is 120 cm multiplied by 80 cm multiplied by 100 cm while a frutescose tree is 80 cm multiplied by 50 cm multiplied by 60 cm and the planting hole is perpendicular to slope direction; when backfilling the soil, the soil in each pond is mixed with 5 kg to 10 kg of organic fertilizer and 2 kg to 4 kg of mixed fertilizer of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers; field planting is carried out in May to June with sufficient rain water; after the field planting of nursery stocks, the weeds are cut in time for covering the tree pond; approximately 20 days after the field planting of the nursery stocks, quick effective nitrogen fertilizer is applied in proper time. Adoption of the method of the invention can enhance the survival ratio of forestation in arid hillside fields of arid-hot valleys under the circumstances of no irrigation water to more than 95 percent and the preservation rate to more than 90 percent. The technology of the invention is scientific, reasonable and feasible and has high significance in revegetation and ecological reconstruction of arid-hot river valleys.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water-saving agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields.
Background technology
The dry-hot valley ecotope is extremely fragile, severe water and soil erosion, and ecotope is degenerated strongly, and forest coverage is extremely low, is 3.4%～6.3% only, and vegetation coverage is lower than 50%, level land or only account for 17%, gully density 21.5KM/KM less than 5 ° hillside fields
2, belong to the above degeneration of moderate waste hillside more.This district's weather arid is scorching, and soil wilting moisture (PWP) reaches 7～8 months, aridity 4.4 (calculating with the Penman formula), average annual rainfall is between the 558-801.2mm, evaporation discharge 2636-3830mm, be rainfall 3.4-6.0 doubly, the hydro-thermal balance is seriously lacked of proper care, and arid is very serious.Revegetation is very difficult.So fully accumulate rainwater, increase soil infiltration, reducing water evaporates is the key of this district's afforestation success or not, it is particularly important that afforestation technology just seems.Yet, exist the excavation field planting pool too small in the existing afforestation technology, cultivating nursery stock then is field planting then, nursery stock is small and weak, and the defectives such as carrying out soil melioration that do not apply fertilizer to the subsoil makes this regional survival rate lower always, vegetation coverage is in relatively poor level for a long time, and causing every year, afforestation loses the forest land situation.
The present invention sums up by research for many years by improving defective in the existing afforestation technology, proposed a kind of suit dry-hot valley do not have afforest on the higher barren hill of the regular arid hillside field of source of irrigation water and degree of crushing rationally, scientific methods.The present invention utilizes the big pool of excavation, improve original soil body physical arrangement and nutrition condition, increase is infiltrated, accumulate rainwater, cultivate sprout building afforestation, cradle the nature grass and be capped the field planting pool, make full use of natural precipitation, successful solution the moisture problem of soil in the afforestation process, improved survival rate and the storage rate of afforestation nursery stock greatly, shortened in flakes and grown into forest the time.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to support afforestation work for dry-hot valley arid hillside field rain provides a kind of and is that hot river valley does not have on the xerocline of source of irrigation water and the ground barren hill and afforests, and all can make survival rate of afforestation nursery stock and the method that storage rate significantly improves.
The beneficial effect of the inventive method:
1, adopt the inventive method to carry out white popinac and Panzhihua and tamarind afforestation, white popinac and Panzhihua and tamarind nursery stock survival rate under the situation of no any source of irrigation water is brought up to more than 95%, storage rate is brought up to more than 90%.Improve survival rate about 30%, improve storage rate 25%-30%.The seedling growth amount improves about 15%.
2, the inventive method easy operating, practical.
3, saving of labor reduces cost of forestation 20%-25%.
Technical scheme of the present invention is excavated by the big pool, is equipped with fertile backfill, cultivates the field planting in strong sprout, and in time rob the rain field planting rainy season, covers 6 steps of short seedling of topdressing in careless water conservation and rainy season and forms.Concrete steps are as follows:
One, big pool excavation, along afforestation hillside fields contour excavation, concrete specification is decided according to seeds are different, arbor species plant hole length and width, is 120cm * 80cm * 100cm deeply, shrub plant hole length and width, is 80cm * 50cm * 60cm deeply, and vertical with aspect; The 0-40cm that digs out table mound is placed on the top on the pool, and the 40-100cm subsoil is deposited in both sides and below, allows the sunlight soil that fully is exposed to the sun treat backfill; The present invention excavates when the rectangular pool is convenient to excavate and operates, helps cutting and hold rainfall, make practicable rapidly being beneficial to long-pending rain of seedling phase, the big pool of excavation of backfill soil improve original soil body physical arrangement and nutrition condition, it is that loose good environment is created in the young growth in age of nursery stock that increase is infiltrated;
Two, be equipped with fertile backfill, arrived preceding 30 ± 5 days rainy season, be mixed the soil that fully is exposed to the sun and every pool 5kg-10kg fertilizer and 2-4kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate even, back-filling in layers then, the table earthen backfill is in pool lower floor, and the subsoil backfill is on upper strata, the pool, backfill soil is lower than field planting pool 10cm, be beneficial to the big pool and accumulate rainwater, carry out retaining circle (being the fish scale pit) after the backfill, Ying Po upper edge opening is with the runoff water under tackling along breaking;
Three, cultivate the field planting in strong sprout, employing shifts to an earlier date the packed strong sprout of the no damage by disease and insect that cultivates at least one year or sturdy bareroot seedling field planting; Will remove bag packed strong sprout;
Four, in time rob the rain field planting rainy season, behind first saturating rain in the 5-6 rainy season month or saturating rain, carry out field planting; Treat to rob the rain planting stock after rainwater is fully implemented the soil on the field planting pool, can effectively utilize the fully long seedling of rainfall in rainy season to take root like this, keep a full stand of seedings making nursery stock have greatly amount of growth be beneficial to then to cross drought;
Five, cover careless water conservation, it is thick in time to cradle weeds overlay tree pool 20-30cm behind the seedling planting, and scope is center 1 ± 0.2m with the tree
2
Six, the short seedling that topdresses rainy season, seedling planting 20 ± 3 days survives and begins to recover growth, is taking out the stage slightly of sending out newly, on the occasion of hydrothermal condition best period, impose instant nitrogenousfertilizer 20g/ strain, to promote that nursery stock grows fast in good time; It is repeatedly a small amount of to topdress, and dressing fertilizer was once opened shallow ridges apart from rhizome 8-10cm and imposed the back earthing when rained every month, rotated direction at every turn, finished until rainy season.
In the foregoing invention technology, big pool digging time was carried out best when afforestation firm end in rainy season last one year ground moistening; When the second time in rainy season, saturating rain came, it was best to rob the rain field planting after field planting pool soil is fully implemented.The various indigenous tree speciess of the suitable dry-hot valley growth of nursery stock choosing in the field planting and the pioneer tree species that draws outward.
Embodiment
Below further specify the present invention by specific embodiment, but embodiment only be used for the explanation, can not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Project: thousand mu of rain are supported tamarind afforested project afforestation place: Yunnan Province's Yuanmou County dry-hot valley
1, big pool excavation: when just finish ground moistening rainy season last year,, big pool specification length and width, be 120cm * 80cm * 100cm deeply along the big pool of contour excavation tamarind seedling planting, afforestation hillside fields.With table soil and the subsoil pile up separately that digs out.Allow the nature sunlight soil that fully is exposed to the sun treat backfill.
2, be equipped with fertile backfill: field planting was arrived previous month then rainy season, and it is even that soil and every pool 10kg fertilizer and the 4kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate that fully is exposed to the sun is mixed, and back-filling in layers is then shown earthen backfill in pool lower floor, and the subsoil backfill is on upper strata, the pool.Backfill soil is lower than field planting pool 10cm. and is beneficial to the big pool and accumulates rainwater.Carry out retaining circle (being the fish scale pit) after the backfill, Ying Po upper edge opening is with the runoff water under tackling along breaking.6.00 yuan/m of earth excavation
3, then reach 8.00 yuan/m at dry season excavation
3
3, cultivate the field planting in strong sprout: just began to cultivate the tamarind seedling last one year of afforesting, and, selected well developed root system, the sack seedling field planting of the no damage by disease and insect that cane is sturdy by left and right sides time management in a year.
4, in time rob the rain field planting rainy season: descend in may when soil is fully implemented in the big pool of saturating rain field planting for the second time, rob the rain planting stock.After removing nutritious bag the tamarind seedling is stood on ditch or hole central authorities, a hand steered straight seedling, the proficiency backfill soil, the soil of backfill is wanted no-sundries in small, broken bits; Limit backfill limit having peace of mind is loosened the soil about bonnet 5cm.
5, cover careless water conservation: it is thick in time to cradle weeds overlay tree pool 20-30cm at last.Coverage is center 1m with the tree
2± 0.2.
6, the short seedling that topdresses rainy season, seedling planting 20 ± 3 days survives and begins to recover growth, takes out when sending out newly slightly, carries out topdressing first time, and each every strain 20g opens shallow ridges apart from rhizome 8-10cm and imposes earthing afterwards.Impose once when rain every month later on, each every strain 20g rotates direction at every turn.Finish until rainy season.
7, result: thousand mu of Yunnan Yuanmou County dry-hot valleys in flakes rain support in the tamarind afforestation process, by the enforcement of the inventive method, make cost of forestation reduce production costs 25% than traditional method of forestation; Make the tamarind survival rate reach 95%, storage rate reaches 90%, improves survival rate 25% than traditional method of forestation, and storage rate improves 20%.The seedling growth amount improves about 15%.Reduce cost of forestation 20%-25%.(6.00 yuan/m of earth excavation when just finished ground moistening rainy season
3, dry season, excavation then reached 8.00 yuan/m then in field planting
3Therefore cost of forestation can be reduced to 25%.)
Embodiment 2
Project: 5000 mu of items of conceding the land to forestry of national forestry general bureau. order (Panzhihua and white popinac), the place: the Yuanmou dry-hot valley of Yunnan sheep opens the nest basin.Except that following measure and embodiment 1 were different, all the other methods were all identical with embodiment 1.
1, excavate on the big pool: the big pool specification length and width of two kinds of seeds, dark identical with embodiment 1.
2, be equipped with fertile backfill: the backfill fertilizer of white popinac field planting is fertilizer 5kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 2kg; The Panzhihua field planting is fertilizer 8kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 2.5kg.
3, cultivate the field planting in strong sprout: just began to cultivate white popinac and Panzhihua seedling last one year of afforesting, and, selected well developed root system, the bareroot seedling field planting of the no damage by disease and insect that cane is sturdy by left and right sides time management in a year.
4, result: open in the 5000 mu of conceding the land to forestry project implementation processes in nest basin the Yuanmou dry-hot valley of Yunnan sheep,, make cost of forestation reduce production costs 25% than traditional method of forestation by the enforcement of the inventive method; Make white popinac and Panzhihua survival rate reach 95%, storage rate reaches 90%, improves survival rate 30% than traditional method of forestation, and storage rate improves 30%.The seedling growth amount improves about 15%.
Embodiment 3 (contrast: existing afforestation technology)
In the conceding the land to forestry implementation process that Yuanmou County dry-hot valley peasant household participates in, they rainy season then interim excavation planting pit be length and width, be 40cm * 40cm * 40cm deeply, and do not make retaining circle (being the fish scale pit), do not apply fertilizer to the subsoil, promptly dig promptly and plant, tamarind, white popinac and the Panzhihua seedling planting cultivated are then got final product in the pool.Wind up a probe rainy season, and plant percent is only to about 65%, cross drought after, 1 year storage rate only 60%, and the nursery stock growing way a little less than, every year fill the gaps with seedlings later on all at dead seedling every year.Increase cost of forestation greatly.
Table: the effect comparison of the inventive method and existing afforestation technology
As can be seen from the above table, adopt the inventive method to afforest, improve survival rate about 30%, improve storage rate 25%-30% than existing method of forestation (traditional method of forestation) at dry-hot valley.The seedling growth amount improves about 15%.And can greatly shorten nursery stock grows into forest the time in flakes.Prove absolutely that the inventive method is scientific and reasonable, practical, significant to the revegetation and the ecological reconstruction of dry-hot valley.
Claims (5)
1. a rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields by big pool excavation, is equipped with fertile backfill, cultivates the field planting in strong sprout, and in time rob the rain field planting rainy season, covers 6 steps of short seedling of topdressing in careless water conservation and rainy season and forms; It is characterized in that:
(1) big pool excavation along afforestation hillside fields contour excavation, arbor species plant hole length and width, is 120cm * 80cm * 100cm deeply, shrub plant hole length and width, is 80cm * 50cm * 60cm deeply, and vertical with aspect; The 0-40cm that digs out table mound is placed on the top on the pool, and the 40-100cm subsoil is deposited in both sides and below, allows the sunlight soil that fully is exposed to the sun treat backfill;
(2) be equipped with fertile backfill, arrived preceding 30 ± 5 days rainy season, be mixed the soil that fully is exposed to the sun and every pool 5kg-10kg fertilizer and 2-4kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate even, back-filling in layers then, the table earthen backfill is in pool lower floor, and the subsoil backfill is on upper strata, the pool, and backfill soil is lower than field planting pool 10cm, carry out the retaining circle after the backfill, Ying Po upper edge opening;
(3) cultivate the field planting in strong sprout, employing shifts to an earlier date the packed strong sprout of the no damage by disease and insect that cultivates at least one year or sturdy bareroot seedling field planting; Will remove bag packed strong sprout;
(4) in time rob the rain field planting rainy season, behind 5-6 first saturating rain in the rainy season month or carry out field planting behind the saturating rain; Treat to rob the rain planting stock after rainwater is fully implemented the soil on the field planting pool;
(5) cover careless water conservation, it is thick in time to cradle weeds overlay tree pool 20-30cm behind the seedling planting, and scope is center 1 ± 0.2m with the tree
2
(6) the short seedling that topdresses rainy season, seedling planting 20 ± 5 days is sent out newly the stage slightly taking out, and imposes instant nitrogenousfertilizer 20g/ strain; It is repeatedly a small amount of to topdress, and dressing fertilizer was once opened shallow ridges apart from rhizome 8-10cm and imposed the back earthing when rained every month, rotated direction at every turn, finished until rainy season.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: big pool digging time was carried out when afforestation firm end in rainy season last one year ground moistening.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the second time in rainy season, saturating rain came, field planting pool soil was robbed the rain field planting after fully implementing.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the nursery stock of field planting is to adapt to the various indigenous tree speciess of dry-hot valley growth and the pioneer tree species that draws outward.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the nursery stock of field planting is white popinac seeds or Panzhihua seeds or tamarind seeds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100584568A CN101292619B (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields |
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| CN2008100584568A CN101292619B (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Rain cultivation method of forestation on dry-hot valley dryland hillside fields |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101292619A CN101292619A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| CN101292619B true CN101292619B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884264A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-11-17 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Reverse slope zone-opening rain-fed forestation method |
| CN104823800A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-08-12 | 张孟仁 | High-efficiency steepland rain water storage and forest cultivation method and drainage, infiltration and deposition planting pit |
| CN105145280A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-16 | 攀枝花市农林科学研究院 | Transplanting and grafting method for mango trees |
| CN105815101A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-03 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | Hilly slope land wheat cultivation method |
| CN107223431B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-05-22 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | A kind of dry hot gas sisal hemp arid hillside field progressively terrace land method |
| CN109479593A (en) * | 2017-09-10 | 2019-03-19 | 申俊平 | A kind of wild forsythia high yield fosters propagation method |
| CN110972593A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Ecological restoration method for vegetation in dry and warm river valley barren slope land in western Sichuan |
| CN110663439A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-01-10 | 攀枝花学院 | Method for ecologically restoring Jinshajiang river dry and hot valley region by using frangipani |
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2008
- 2008-05-28 CN CN2008100584568A patent/CN101292619B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 国家林业局造林司.长江上游地区林业生态建设与治理模式.林业实用技术.2002,(10),34. * |
| 邱先惠.泸定县大渡河干旱河谷区营养袋育苗与雨季造林技术试验.四川林业科技.2007,28(2),57-60. * |
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