CN104131572B - A kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields - Google Patents
A kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields Download PDFInfo
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- CN104131572B CN104131572B CN201410408268.9A CN201410408268A CN104131572B CN 104131572 B CN104131572 B CN 104131572B CN 201410408268 A CN201410408268 A CN 201410408268A CN 104131572 B CN104131572 B CN 104131572B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields, carry out according to the following steps: (1) digs horizontal ditch group respectively along each isohypse on red soil deep erosion is domatic, described horizontal ditch group comprises some horizontal ditches, and the cross section of horizontal ditch is trapezoidal; (2) dig kind of a plant hole between two adjacent in same level ditch group horizontal ditches, the cross section of planting plant hole is trapezoidal; (3) in horizontal ditch, plant shrub and draft, in kind of plant hole, plant grass; (4) in same level ditch group, excavate shallow ridges, uniform broadcasting water and soil conservation grass-seed in shallow ridges, forms horizontal straw cord chain; Etc. (5) after after 1 year, deep erosion slope condition improves, at horizontal ditch with plant in plant hole and plant arbor again.This method is used for the improvement of the ecological environment of the improvement of red soil deep erosion Topographic factor and vegetation recovery, increases hillside fields and conserves water and soil, create the ecological environment being conducive to vegetation recovery, improve the regulation effect in red soil deep erosion district.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields.
Background technology
The soil coarse grain content of growing in Red Soils in Southern China district granite based is high, and soil structures is loose, and corrosion stability is poor, very easily produces soil erosion.After ground vegetation is destroyed, soil bareness and be directly subject to strongly washing away of slope runoff, long-term erosion makes hillside fields major part table soil lose, cubsoil is exposed, and what have even degrades chorizon, and top layer, hillside fields is covered with coarse crystal grit, soil fertility is low, xeothermicization degree is high, and natural vegetation restoration is very difficult, becomes the important bottleneck of restriction local society economic development.
Traditional khoai bringing soil erosion under control many employings biological control measure or engineering measure, engineering measure has contour horizontal ditch, ring ditch, level terraced field, level-reversed bench etc., can collecting runoff silt.And biological control measure has tree planting, plants grass, improving straw mulching etc., ground mulching can be increased.In the management of sloping land that khoai erosion degree is light, adopt engineering measure or biological control measure all can play better Soil and water conservation.But in red soil deep erosion hillside fields, particularly long-term soil erosion causes the hillside fields that coarse crystal particle is many, and surface temperature is high, soil depletion, adopts biological control measure or engineering measure bringing soil erosion under control weak effect separately, and vegetation is difficult to recover.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned prior art Problems existing and make improvement, namely technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields, administer for red soil deep erosion Topographic factor and the improvement of ecological environment of vegetation recovery, increase hillside fields to conserve water and soil, create the ecological environment being conducive to vegetation recovery, improve the regulation effect in red soil deep erosion district.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields, carries out according to the following steps:
(1) on red soil deep erosion is domatic, dig horizontal ditch group respectively along each isohypse, described horizontal ditch group comprises some horizontal ditches, and the cross section of described horizontal ditch is trapezoidal;
(2) dig kind of a plant hole between two adjacent in same level ditch group horizontal ditches, the cross section of described kind of plant hole is trapezoidal;
(3) in horizontal ditch, plant shrub and draft, in kind of plant hole, plant grass;
(4) domatic outside excavation shallow ridges is closed at horizontal ditch and kind plant hole, and excavation is communicated with horizontal ditch and plants the shallow ridges of plant hole in same level ditch group, shallow ridges in same level ditch group is connected, and then uniform broadcasting water and soil conservation grass-seed in shallow ridges, forms horizontal straw cord chain;
Etc. (5) after after 1 year, deep erosion slope condition improves, in horizontal ditch centre with plant in plant hole and plant arbor again.
Further, the ditch top opening in the trapezoidal transverse face of described horizontal ditch is wide is 55cm, ditch bottom width is 20cm, ditch depth is 40cm, ditch is long is 4m, outside described horizontal ditch, surface slope is 75 °, its medial slope gradient is 60 °, table soil during excavation horizontal ditch and subsoil pile up separately, subsoil is used for slope, outside and does the ridge, and table soil is used for planting plants backfill, earthing.
Further, adjacent three horizontal ditches in described adjacent two horizontal ditch groups are isosceles triangle arrangement, and in described same level ditch group, adjacent level ditch level interval is 2m, and the up-downgoing of adjacent level ditch group is apart from being 2m, and the bar ditch density of horizontal ditch is 650/hm
2.
Further, top, the cave diameter of described kind of plant hole is 50cm, and diameter at the bottom of cave is 30cm, and cave is 40cm deeply.
Further, when planting shrub and draft and plant arbor seedling after 1 year in horizontal ditch and kind plant hole in horizontal ditch, base manure will be played before planting, described base manure adopts biological organic fertilizer, and ensure in every bar horizontal ditch ditch to Shaoshi biological organic fertilizer 1.5kg, to Shaoshi biological organic fertilizer 0.25kg in each kind of plant hole, biological organic fertilizer evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in horizontal ditch and plant bottom plant hole, then the table soil with excavation horizontal ditch and when planting plant hole covers, overburden depth is 2/3 of horizontal ditch or plantation acupoint depth, soil and biological organic fertilizer is fully mixed thoroughly.
Further, when planting shrub and arbor seedling in horizontal ditch, nursery stock cuts field planting after the high 20 ~ 30cm of bar, the depth of planting 3 ~ 5cm darker in ground, former garden collar, then tread, horizontal ditch centre First Year kind grass, Second Year replants a strain arbor, each plantation three strain shrubs about arbor, shrub spacing in the rows 0.5m; Plant First Year kind grass in plant hole, Second Year replants a strain arbor, every 1hm
2the strain of plantation arbor 1300, shrub 3900 strain, described shrub and arbor are based on excellent water and soil conservation seeds of one's native land.
Further, the ditch depth of described shallow ridges is at least 5cm, and described water and soil conservation grass-seed is Paspalum wettsteinii seed 60kg/hm
2, or be paspalum notatum seed 105kg/hm
2, be evenly sprinkling upon in shallow ridges after grass-seed being mixed biological organic fertilizer or paddy soils.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: deep erosion management of sloping land technology of the present invention, and be theoretical according to slope runoff regulation and control, contour Qiao adopting slope engineering to combine with biological control measure fills with careless plant chain technology.In deep erosion district, because vegetation is rare, earth's surface is exposed, slope runoff washes away strongly, by laying slope engineering---contour horizontal ditch, plant plant hole, shallow ridges, can brachymemma length of grade, cut down runoff scouring force, can effectively tackle slope runoff silt simultaneously, due to ditch, cave is dark, volume is large, more surface flow can be retained, promote Infiltration and nutrient deposition, improve ditch, soil moisture and nutrient situation in cave, furrow bank has certain effect of shading, change the illumination condition of soil in ditch, the soil water evaporation in ditch can be reduced, for plant growth creates favorable conditions, ditch, tall in cave, fill with, grass is growth fast, cover earth's surface, form dense level grass shrubbery---the careless plant chain of contour Qiao's filling.And the growth of ditch, cave implants can protect slope engineering conversely better, what promote runoff and sediment retains deposition, effective conservation of soil and water, thus can obtain good vegetation recovery and conserve water and soil effect.Have that method is simple, cost is low, the advantage that easy and simple to handle, regulation effect is desirable, is suitable for applying in deep erosion district bringing soil erosion under control process especially.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the trapezoidal transverse face schematic diagram of horizontal ditch in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the trapezoidal cross-section schematic diagram of planting plant hole in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the embodiment of the present invention many horizontal ditch groups.
Fig. 4 is the partial sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention horizontal ditch group.
Fig. 5 is the lateral view that in the embodiment of the present invention, horizontal ditch is arranged along slope.
In figure: 1-horizontal ditch group, 11-horizontal ditch, 12-kind plant hole, 13-shallow ridges, 2-red soil deep erosion slope, S1-horizontal ditch A/F, S2-horizontal ditch bottom of trench width, top, the cave diameter of D1-kind plant hole, diameter at the bottom of the cave of D2-kind plant hole, the degree of depth of h1-horizontal ditch, the degree of depth of h2-kind plant hole, L1-horizontal ditch length, the distance of adjacent level ditch in same group of L2-, the distance of L3-adjacent level ditch group, the up-downgoing distance of H-adjacent level ditch group, surface slope outside a-horizontal ditch, the b-horizontal ditch medial slope gradient.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one: as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 5, a kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) on 2, red soil deep erosion slope, dig horizontal ditch group 1 respectively along each isohypse, described horizontal ditch group 1 comprises some horizontal ditches 11, and the cross section of described horizontal ditch 11 is trapezoidal;
(2) dig kind of plant hole 12 between two adjacent in same level ditch group 1 horizontal ditches 11, the cross section of described kind of plant hole 12 is trapezoidal;
(3) First Year plantation shrub and draft in horizontal ditch 11, after after waiting 1 year, deep erosion slope condition improves, Centromedian draft is replanted arbor by Second Year;
(4) First Year kind grass in kind of plant hole 12, after after waiting 1 year, deep erosion slope condition improves, Second Year replants arbor;
(5) domatic outside excavation shallow ridges is closed at horizontal ditch 11 and kind plant hole 12, and excavation is communicated with horizontal ditch and plants the shallow ridges of plant hole in same level ditch group 1, shallow ridges 13 in same level ditch group is connected, and then uniform broadcasting water and soil conservation grass-seed in shallow ridges 13, forms horizontal straw cord chain.
The medium high-level ditch of the present embodiment, plant plant hole, shallow ridges, can brachymemma length of grade, cut down runoff scouring force, can effectively tackle slope runoff silt simultaneously, due to ditch, cave is dark, volume is large, more surface flow can be retained, promote Infiltration and nutrient deposition, improve ditch, soil moisture and nutrient situation in cave, furrow bank has certain effect of shading, change the illumination condition of soil in ditch, the soil water evaporation in ditch can be reduced, for plant growth creates favorable conditions, ditch, tall in cave, fill with, grass is growth fast, cover earth's surface, form dense level grass shrubbery---the careless plant chain of contour Qiao's filling.And the growth of ditch, cave implants can protect slope engineering conversely better, what promote runoff and sediment retains deposition, effective conservation of soil and water, thus can obtain good vegetation recovery and conserve water and soil effect.
In the present embodiment, the wide S1 of ditch top opening in the trapezoidal transverse face of described horizontal ditch 11 is 55cm, ditch bottom width S2 is 20cm, ditch depth h1 is 40cm, the long L1 of ditch is 4m, outside described horizontal ditch, surface slope a is 75 °, its medial slope gradient b is 60 °, and being unearthed of excavation horizontal ditch 11 does the ridge for slope, outside.
In the present embodiment, adjacent three horizontal ditches in described adjacent two horizontal ditch groups are isosceles triangle arrangement, and in described same level ditch group, adjacent level ditch level interval L2 is 2m, and the up-downgoing of adjacent level ditch group is 2m apart from H, and the bar ditch density of horizontal ditch is 650/hm
2.
In the present embodiment, top, the cave diameter D1 of described kind of plant hole 12 is 50cm, and diameter D2 at the bottom of cave is 30cm, and the dark h2 in cave is 40cm.
In the present embodiment, when planting shrub and draft and plant arbor seedling after 1 year in horizontal ditch and kind plant hole in horizontal ditch, base manure will be played before planting, described base manure adopts biological organic fertilizer, and ensure in every bar horizontal ditch ditch to Shaoshi biological organic fertilizer 1.5kg, to Shaoshi biological organic fertilizer 0.25kg in each kind of plant hole, biological organic fertilizer evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in horizontal ditch and plant bottom plant hole, then the table soil with excavation horizontal ditch and when planting plant hole covers, overburden depth is 2/3 of horizontal ditch or plantation acupoint depth, soil and biological organic fertilizer is fully mixed thoroughly.
In the present embodiment, when planting shrub and arbor seedling in horizontal ditch, nursery stock cuts field planting after the high 20 ~ 30cm of bar, the depth of planting 3 ~ 5cm darker in ground, former garden collar, then tread, horizontal ditch centre First Year kind grass, Second Year replants a strain arbor, each plantation three strain shrubs about arbor, shrub spacing in the rows 0.5m; Plant First Year kind grass in plant hole, Second Year replants a strain arbor, every 1hm
2the strain of plantation arbor 1300, shrub 3900 strain, described shrub and arbor are based on water and soil conservation seeds of one's native land.
In the present embodiment, the ditch depth of described shallow ridges is at least 5cm, and described water and soil conservation grass-seed is Paspalum wettsteinii seed 60kg/hm
2, or be paspalum notatum seed 105kg/hm
2, be evenly sprinkling upon in shallow ridges after grass-seed being mixed biological organic fertilizer or paddy soils.Shrub is based on shrub lespedeza.
In the present embodiment, should at horizontal bar ditch, plantation hole irrigation wood and the rear Second Year of draft plantation, soil environment replants arbor after improving again in horizontal ditch centre and kind plant hole, arbor species generally based on water and soil conservation seeds of one's native land, as masson pine, Schima superba, red bayberry, sweetgum, Castanea fissa, mountain Elaeocarpus decipiens etc.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. for administering the method in red soil deep erosion hillside fields, it is characterized in that, carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) on red soil deep erosion is domatic, horizontal ditch group is dug respectively along each isohypse, described horizontal ditch group comprises some horizontal ditches, the cross section of described horizontal ditch is trapezoidal, table soil during excavation horizontal ditch and subsoil pile up separately, subsoil is used for slope, outside and does the ridge, and table soil is used for planting plants backfill, earthing;
(2) dig kind of a plant hole between two adjacent in same level ditch group horizontal ditches, the cross section of described kind of plant hole is trapezoidal;
(3) in horizontal ditch, shrub and draft is planted, grass is planted in kind of plant hole, shrub and draft is planted in horizontal ditch, and when planting arbor seedling after 1 year in horizontal ditch and kind plant hole, base manure will be played before planting, described base manure adopts biological organic fertilizer, and ensure in every bar horizontal ditch ditch to Shaoshi biological organic fertilizer 1.5kg, to Shaoshi biological organic fertilizer 0.25kg in each kind of plant hole, biological organic fertilizer evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in horizontal ditch and plant bottom plant hole, then the table soil with excavation horizontal ditch and when planting plant hole covers, overburden depth is 2/3 of horizontal ditch or plantation acupoint depth, soil and biological organic fertilizer are fully mixed thoroughly,
(4) domatic outside excavation shallow ridges is closed at horizontal ditch and kind plant hole, and excavation is communicated with horizontal ditch and plants the shallow ridges of plant hole in same level ditch group, shallow ridges in same level ditch group is connected, and then uniform broadcasting water and soil conservation grass-seed in shallow ridges, forms horizontal straw cord chain;
Etc. (5) after after 1 year, deep erosion slope condition improves, in horizontal ditch centre with plant in plant hole and plant arbor again.
2. the method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ditch top opening in the trapezoidal transverse face of described horizontal ditch is wide is 55cm, ditch bottom width is 20cm, ditch depth is 40cm, ditch is long is 4m, outside described horizontal ditch, surface slope is 75 °, and its medial slope gradient is 60 °.
3. the method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adjacent three horizontal ditches in described adjacent two horizontal ditch groups are isosceles triangle arrangement, in described same level ditch group, adjacent level ditch level interval is 2m, the up-downgoing of adjacent level ditch group is apart from being 2m, and the bar ditch density of horizontal ditch is 650/hm
2.
4. the method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields according to claim 1, is characterized in that: top, the cave diameter of described kind of plant hole is 50cm, and diameter at the bottom of cave is 30cm, and cave is 40cm deeply.
5. the method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when planting shrub and arbor seedling in horizontal ditch, nursery stock cuts field planting after the high 20 ~ 30cm of bar, the depth of planting 3 ~ 5cm darker in ground, former garden collar, then tread, horizontal ditch centre First Year kind grass, Second Year replants a strain arbor, each plantation three strain shrubs about arbor, shrub spacing in the rows 0.5m; Plant First Year kind grass in plant hole, Second Year replants a strain arbor, every 1hm
2the strain of plantation arbor 1300, shrub 3900 strain, described shrub and arbor are based on excellent water and soil conservation seeds of one's native land.
6. the method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ditch depth of described shallow ridges is at least 5cm, and described water and soil conservation grass-seed is Paspalum wettsteinii seed 60kg/hm
2, or be paspalum notatum seed 105kg/hm
2, be evenly sprinkling upon in shallow ridges after grass-seed being mixed biological organic fertilizer or paddy soils.
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| CN201410408268.9A CN104131572B (en) | 2014-08-19 | 2014-08-19 | A kind of method for administering red soil deep erosion hillside fields |
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