CN104137757A - Ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method in Gobi Desert - Google Patents
Ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method in Gobi Desert Download PDFInfo
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- CN104137757A CN104137757A CN201410344779.9A CN201410344779A CN104137757A CN 104137757 A CN104137757 A CN 104137757A CN 201410344779 A CN201410344779 A CN 201410344779A CN 104137757 A CN104137757 A CN 104137757A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of drought resisting and afforesting, in particular to a ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method in the Gobi Desert. The ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method comprises the following steps of 1, ditching: digging tree planting ditches according to the positions of tree planting lines, and flatly paving dug gravel beside the tree planting ditches for standby application; 2, anti-seepage treatment: respectively paving anti-seepage films at the bottom parts of the tree planting ditches and on two side walls of the tree planting ditches; 3, soil dressing: filling the tree planting ditches with fermented soil suitable for the growth of plants; 4, fertilization; 5, water source preparation: allocating drip-irrigation water-saving afforesting corollary equipment; 6, nursery stock preparation: selecting biennial or triennial first-stage nursery stocks based on indigenous tree species; 7, afforesting: digging tree planting holes in the tree planting ditches, allocating the tree planting holes in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin', planting two lines of trees in each tree planting ditch, enabling the plant distance to be 1.5-2.0 m, fixedly planting the selected first-stage nursery stocks, then backfilling, and treading. The ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method provided by the invention is used for planting trees and afforesting in the Gobi Desert, the preservation rate is high, and the forest establishment rate is very high; meanwhile, the ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method is a green technology, and thus the environment of the Gobi Desert cannot be subjected to any pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of drought resisting forestation, particularly a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation.
Background technology
Gobi desert distributes more extensive in NORTHWEST CHINA area, be mainly divided into two large types, and a class is to pile up Gobi desert, and a class is to degrade Gobi desert.Accumulation Gobi desert is that the tall and big mountain region (Kun Lun Mountain, Tianshan Mountains, Altai Mountains, the Qilian mountains etc.) on all edges of interior basin, after degrading for a long time and corroding, produces a large amount of landwaste rubbles, at the foot of a mountain and edge, basin, piles up, and is the material base that enriches of Gobi desert formation.Degraded Gobi desert and be since the Cretaceous period towering-up Cheng Lu continuously, thereafter without marine invasion or violent crustal movement thereby the long-term area in denudation.Ground component is thicker, and surface relief is slightly large, and basement rock is often exposed, and gravel buildup is very thin, and water and soil resources are poor.
Gobi desert is short of rain or without rain, annual precipitation is generally less than 250 millimeters all the year round, and precipitation is a battle array property, fewer to desert center.Amplitude of diurnal variation and the annual amplitude of temperature, ground temperature are large, many fine days, and the sunshine time is long.Wind-sand activity is frequent, and earth's surface is dry, and exposed, grit is easily blown and raises, and often forms sandstorm, and winter is more.
These class area natural conditions are severe, and soil structure is poor, and fertility is low, and seepage is serious, is unfavorable for tree root growth, and afforestation survival rate is low, or alive and not long, long and not prosperous, is difficult to grow into forest.Especially disadvantageous climatic factor has greatly limited carrying out of forestry development and greening work, the technical problem that the person that is also Forestation Work is paying close attention to always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation, effectively improve the survival rate of Gobi desert afforestation, and can not cause environmental pollution in afforestation process.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation, comprises the following steps:
(1) trench digging: tree planting ditch is dug out in the position by the row of planting trees, and the gravel digging out is paved on limes marginis standby;
(2) antiseepage is processed: on the two side of tree planting bottom of trench and tree planting ditch, spread respectively antiseepage film;
(3) soil moved in to improve the original: the mellow soil of inserting suitable for plant growth in tree planting ditch;
(4) fertilising: mix fertilizer in the mellow soil in inserting tree planting ditch;
(5) water source is prepared: configuration drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment;
(6) nursery stock is prepared: take indigenous tree species as main, select the one-level nursery stock that 2-3 is raw;
(7) afforestation: in tree planting ditch, dig tree planting cave, isosceles triangle configuration, 2 row of planting in every ditch, spacing in the rows 1.5-2.0 rice, carries out field planting by the one-level nursery stock of choosing, then backfill, and tread.
Further, in step (1), the specification of described tree planting ditch is: wide 0.8-1.2 rice, dark 0.6-1 rice; The furrow bank of described tree planting ditch is vertical with bottom of trench.
Further, in step (1), the spacing between two adjacent tree planting ditches is 3-6 rice.
Further, in step (4), described base manure is well-done fertilizer;
Described fertilizer imposes on the bottom of trench of tree planting ditch.
Further, in step (7), when planting in described tree planting ditch, plant and in described tree planting ditch, drip to permeating mellow soil layer completely for first 12 hours.
Further, in step (7), described one-level nursery stock is the one-level nursery stock that root system is intact.
Further, in step (7), during described field planting, the root system of described one-level nursery stock is taken advantage of a situation and put into hole, without folding root.
Further, in step (7), described backfill is the gravel in the tree planting ditch digging out to be backfilled to the top layer of tree planting ditch.
Further, in step (7), described backfill, tread after, drip immediately to dripping the soil layer of knowing well.
Further, in step (7), described backfill, also comprise after treading: the described one-level nursery stock for new field planting is dripped water one time again the time of 3-5 days.
Soil moved in to improve the original afforestation technology, changes the problem soils in planting site plant hole or ditch with the good soil in other places, to improve the soil condition of plant hole, then plants.Gobi desert subterranean water level is low, tree root can not directly utilize subterranean water level, afforestation must be irrigated, but original soil quality is coarse, water conservation, non-fertilizer conservation, water and fertilizer utilization are not low, and waste is serious, soil moved in to improve the original can make up the shortcoming of Gobi desert soil to a certain extent, at Gobi desert, use the method, Gobi desert is transformed into the ground suitable for afforestation that is applicable to arboreal growth, create good growth conditions can to nursery stock and young plantation.
Method according to trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation provided by the invention is planted trees in Gobi desert, and survival rate can reach 90%-95%, and 3 years storage rate 80%-90%, can improve more than 50% than the survival rate of conventional afforestation method.And storage rate is high, the rate of growing into forest is very high, be also that " green " technology can not cause any pollution to Gobi desert environment simultaneously.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation, comprises the following steps:
(1) trench digging: tree planting ditch is dug out in the position by the row of planting trees, and the gravel digging out is paved on limes marginis standby.
According to the trees size of planting, required nutrient number, regional wind-force size and the density of growing into forest design, preferably, the specification of the tree planting ditch digging out is: wide 0.8-1.2 rice, dark 0.6-1 rice; The mellow soil of filling within the scope of this can meet the nutrient demand of the one-level seeds that 2-4 is raw.Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent tree planting ditches is 3-6 rice.
For the sidewall of the ditch that prevents from planting trees caves in, preferably, need to excavate into the furrow bank of tree planting ditch vertical with bottom of trench.
(2) antiseepage is processed: due to Gobi desert poor water retention property, at the bottom of trench of tree planting ditch and the both sides inwall of tree planting ditch, do the loss that antiseepage processing can effectively reduce water.In order controlling cost, can to reach anti-seepage effect well, preferably, on the two side of tree planting bottom of trench and tree planting ditch, spread respectively antiseepage film simultaneously.
(3) soil moved in to improve the original: the mellow soil of inserting suitable for plant growth in tree planting ditch.
(4) fertilising: mix fertilizer in the mellow soil in inserting tree planting ditch.
Because Gobi desert gravel ground permeability is good, seepage is very strong, organic content is very low, need in soil removal and replacement, mix fertilizer to meet the plant planted for the demand of nutrient.According to the seed of forest, seeds and Soil nutritional condition, take rational application of fertilizers, accomplish in good time, appropriateness, appropriate.
The base manure using is well-done fertilizer, preferably at cultivation base fertilizer before planting, imposes on the bottom of trench of tree planting ditch.While building Commercial Forests, base manure will once use sufficient; While building ecological public welfare forests, visual soil condition is determined and is executed or basal dressing not.
(5) water source is prepared: configuration drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment.
Because Gobi desert evaporation discharge is large, gravel ground permeability is good, seepage is very strong, and water resources shortage should adopt drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment.
In drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment, irrigation water is transported to the water dropper on hollow billet in time equably by pipeline, slowly drip to again in the soil in tree root district, infiltrate within the scope of root system, deep percolation and evaporation from land surface have been reduced, avoided runoff loss, water utilization rate can be increased to more than 90%, more conventional water-efficient irrigation 60% left and right.Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation adopts drip irrigation economize afforestation supporting technology can reduce cost of forestation, improves survival rate.
(6) nursery stock is prepared: take indigenous tree species as main, select the one-level nursery stock that 2-3 is raw;
(7) afforestation: dig tree planting cave in tree planting ditch, isosceles triangle configuration, when planting in described tree planting ditch, plants and drip to permeating mellow soil layer completely in described tree planting ditch for first 12 hours.
2 row of planting in each tree planting ditch, spacing in the rows 1.5-2.0 rice, takes advantage of a situation the root system of the intact one-level nursery stock of the root system of choosing to put into hole, carries out field planting, then the gravel in the tree planting ditch digging out is backfilled to the top layer of tree planting ditch and treads.Drip immediately afterwards to dripping the soil layer of knowing well.Described one-level nursery stock for new field planting is dripped water one time again the time of 3-5 days.
Below by specific embodiment, introduce in detail the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The red building of 100000 of planting on Hexi Corridor In Gansu Gobi desert.
On the Gobi desert of Hexi Corridor, open up wasteland 10000m
2tree planting district, and dig out tree planting ditch in this tree planting district, each tree planting ditch is 0.8 meter wide, 0.6 meter dark, keep the sidewall of tree planting ditch vertical with bottom of trench, and spread respectively after antiseepage film on bottom of trench and sidewall, in tree planting ditch, insert the mellow soil of suitable red building growth, and in mellow soil, sneak into completely well-done fertilizer, plant and within first 12 hours, use drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment to drip to mellow soil in tree planting ditch, and mellow soil layer is dripped, the tree root of red building sapling is taken advantage of a situation and put into the field planting of tree planting ditch, 2 row of planting in each tree planting ditch, 1.5 meters of spacing in the rows.Again the gravel backfill of digging out is entered to plant trees afterwards in ditch, tread, within 3 days afterwards, drip once, surperficial gravel layer and mellow soil layer are all dripped at every turn.
The red building of planting by the method, after 1 year, survival rate reaches 99%, and its main cause of seeds that part does not survive is that root system is flourishing not.Storage rate after 3 years reaches 90%.
Embodiment 2:
The narrow-leaved oleaster of 100000 of planting on the Gobi desert in area, Yulin.
On the Gobi desert in area, Yulin, open up wasteland 10000m
2tree planting district, and dig out tree planting ditch in this tree planting district, each tree planting ditch is 1 meter wide, 1 meter dark, keep the sidewall of tree planting ditch vertical with bottom of trench, and spread respectively after antiseepage film on bottom of trench and sidewall, in tree planting ditch, insert the mellow soil of suitable red building growth, and in mellow soil, sneak into completely well-done fertilizer, plant and within first 12 hours, use drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment to drip to mellow soil in tree planting ditch, and mellow soil layer is dripped, the tree root of red building sapling is taken advantage of a situation and put into the field planting of tree planting ditch, 2 row of planting in each tree planting ditch, 2 meters of spacing in the rows.Again the gravel backfill of digging out is entered to plant trees afterwards in ditch, tread, within 4 days afterwards, drip once, surperficial gravel layer and mellow soil layer are all dripped at every turn.
The narrow-leaved oleaster of planting by the method, after 1 year, survival rate reaches 99%, its main cause of seeds of not surviving of part be the flourishing not or seeds planted of root system because the effect of wind-force is tilted, the storage rate of 4 years reaches 89%.
Embodiment 3:
The diversiform-leaved poplar of 100000 of planting on the Gobi desert of Kashi Area of Xingjiang Autonomous Region.
On the Gobi desert of Kashi Area of Xingjiang Autonomous Region, open up wasteland 10000m
2tree planting district, and dig out tree planting ditch in this tree planting district, each tree planting ditch is 1.2 meters wide, 1 meter dark, keep the sidewall of tree planting ditch vertical with bottom of trench, and spread respectively after antiseepage film on bottom of trench and sidewall, in tree planting ditch, insert the mellow soil of suitable red building growth, and in mellow soil, sneak into completely well-done fertilizer, plant and within first 12 hours, use drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment to drip to mellow soil in tree planting ditch, and mellow soil layer is dripped, the tree root of red building sapling is taken advantage of a situation and put into the field planting of tree planting ditch, 2 row of planting in each tree planting ditch, 2 meters of spacing in the rows.Again the gravel backfill of digging out is entered to plant trees afterwards in ditch, tread, within 5 days afterwards, drip once, surperficial gravel layer and mellow soil layer are all dripped at every turn.
The diversiform-leaved poplar of planting by the method, after 1 year, the storage rate that survival rate reached after 99%, 4 year reaches 85%.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. in a method for Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) trench digging: tree planting ditch is dug out in the position by the row of planting trees, and the gravel digging out is paved on limes marginis standby;
(2) antiseepage is processed: on the two side of tree planting bottom of trench and tree planting ditch, spread respectively antiseepage film;
(3) soil moved in to improve the original: the mellow soil of inserting suitable for plant growth in tree planting ditch;
(4) fertilising: mix fertilizer in the mellow soil in inserting tree planting ditch;
(5) water source is prepared: configuration drip irrigation economize afforestation corollary equipment;
(6) nursery stock is prepared: take indigenous tree species as main, select the one-level nursery stock that 2-3 is raw;
(7) afforestation: in tree planting ditch, dig tree planting cave, isosceles triangle configuration, 2 row of planting in every ditch, spacing in the rows 1.5-2.0 rice, carries out field planting by the one-level nursery stock of choosing, then backfill, and tread.
2. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In step (1), the specification of described tree planting ditch is: wide 0.8-1.2 rice, dark 0.6-1 rice; The furrow bank of described tree planting ditch is vertical with bottom of trench.
3. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In step (1), the spacing between two adjacent tree planting ditches is 3-6 rice.
4. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In step (4), described base manure is well-done fertilizer;
Described fertilizer imposes on the bottom of trench of tree planting ditch.
5. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In step (7), when planting in described tree planting ditch, plant and in described tree planting ditch, drip to permeating mellow soil layer completely for first 12 hours.
6. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
In step (7), described one-level nursery stock is the one-level nursery stock that root system is intact.
7. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
In step (7), during described field planting, the root system of described one-level nursery stock is taken advantage of a situation and put into hole, without folding root.
8. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 7, is characterized in that,
In step (7), described backfill is the gravel in the tree planting ditch digging out to be backfilled to the top layer of tree planting ditch.
9. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 8, is characterized in that,
In step (7), described backfill, tread after, drip immediately to dripping the soil layer of knowing well.
10. a kind of method Gobi desert trench digging soil moved in to improve the original afforestation according to claim 9, is characterized in that,
In step (7), described backfill, also comprise after treading: the described one-level nursery stock for new field planting is dripped water one time again the time of 3-5 days.
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| CN201410344779.9A CN104137757B (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method in Gobi Desert |
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| CN201410344779.9A CN104137757B (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2014-07-18 | Ditching, soil dressing and afforesting method in Gobi Desert |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105850625A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-08-17 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | Method for planting red dates by wide-row and narrow-row furrowing in gravel Gobi with extremely arid environment |
| CN106688800A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-24 | 广东安元矿业勘察设计有限公司 | Novel tailing pond moisture and fertilizer retention land reclamation process |
| CN106856705A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-20 | 杨保国 | A kind of Gobi desert gravel ground wine-growing soil improvement method |
| CN108307721A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-24 | 临泽璟褀种业科技有限公司 | A kind of forestry implantation methods in gobi improvement |
| CN115486315A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-12-20 | 上海孙桥溢佳农业技术股份有限公司 | Method for planting fruit forest in northwest gobi desert area |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850625A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-08-17 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | Method for planting red dates by wide-row and narrow-row furrowing in gravel Gobi with extremely arid environment |
| CN106688800A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-24 | 广东安元矿业勘察设计有限公司 | Novel tailing pond moisture and fertilizer retention land reclamation process |
| CN106856705A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-20 | 杨保国 | A kind of Gobi desert gravel ground wine-growing soil improvement method |
| CN108307721A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-24 | 临泽璟褀种业科技有限公司 | A kind of forestry implantation methods in gobi improvement |
| CN108307721B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2021-09-24 | 临泽璟褀种业科技有限公司 | Forestry planting method for Gobi improvement |
| CN115486315A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-12-20 | 上海孙桥溢佳农业技术股份有限公司 | Method for planting fruit forest in northwest gobi desert area |
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| CN104137757B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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