CN115486315A

CN115486315A - Method for planting fruit forest in northwest gobi desert area

Info

Publication number: CN115486315A
Application number: CN202211292780.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卜崇兴; 刘立平; 董丽菊
Original assignee: Shanghai Sunqiao Overflow Better Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Sunqiao Overflow Better Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-21
Filing date: 2022-10-21
Publication date: 2022-12-20

Abstract

A method for planting fruit forest in the northwest Gobi desert area comprises the following steps: digging a plurality of planting ditches downwards from the surface of the desert soil of the Gobi according to the row spacing after the trees are formed, backfilling original soil, replacing and filling soil, self-making garden soil or culture medium in the planting ditches paved with the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosing structures to form planting layers; planting the tree seedlings on the planting layer at the planting distance of the grown fruit trees or trees, wherein the planted tree seedlings adopt an intercropping mode; irrigating a vertical area and a horizontal direction of the rhizosphere of the fixedly planted tree seedling by using an irrigation facility; the method is characterized in that base fertilizer and additional fertilizer are used for fertilizing the fixedly planted seedlings, the base fertilizer is added into original soil, changed and filled soil, homemade garden soil or culture medium in an organic fertilizer mode, the additional fertilizer is applied to leaf surfaces or applied to holes according to the requirements of the seedlings in different growth periods, and the planting field, irrigation facilities, fertilizer and water management and intercropping management of the seedlings are optimized, so that the water utilization efficiency is improved, the high yield and high quality of forest fruits are met, the ecological environment of local desert is changed, and the sustainable development of regional economy is promoted.

Description

Method for planting fruit forest in northwest gobi desert area

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of gobi desert greening planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting fruit trees in northwest gobi desert areas.

Background

In China, the total area of deserts is about 70 ten thousand square kilometers, and the total area of deserts together with the Gobi with more than 50 ten thousand square kilometers is 128 ten thousand square kilometers, which accounts for about 13 percent of the total area of land in China, and the total area is almost concentrated in the northwest areas of China, which are the most of the provinces of Xinjiang, inner Mongolia, gansu and Ningxia, and the area of the Gobi desert in the northwest province accounts for about 80 percent of the total area of the Gobi desert in China.

The ecological environment is extremely fragile due to the rare rainfall, the serious drought and sand storm and the shortage of water and soil resources in the gobi desert area. Therefore, the method needs to break through the drought, rain and wind erosion of the gobi desert, and the temperature rise is fast and abnormally short in spring; the technology is difficult to be related such as hot summer and large evaporation capacity, so that the planting scale and variety selection of greening trees and fruit trees in northwest China are expanded, a way of effectively improving ecological environment, efficiently developing natural resources and stably promoting the improvement of civilian life and the coordination and development of social economy is sought.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert area, which optimizes the planting field, irrigation facilities, fertilizer and water management and intercropping management of the tree seedlings, improves the water utilization efficiency, satisfies the high yield and high quality of the fruit trees, changes the ecological environment of the local desert, and promotes the sustainable development of the economy of the area.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for planting fruit forest in the northwest gobi desert area comprises the following steps:

digging a plurality of planting ditches downwards from the surface of the desert soil of the Gobi according to the row spacing after the trees are formed, and backfilling homemade garden soil or culture medium in the planting ditches paved with the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosing structures to form planting layers;

planting seedlings on the planting layer at the planting distance of the grown fruit trees or trees, wherein different plants are planted in different seasons by adopting an intercropping and interplanting mode according to the difference between the growth height and the growth vigor of the fruit trees or trees;

irrigating the deep and shallow areas and different directions of the roots of the fixedly planted seedlings by using irrigation facilities;

and applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer to the fixedly planted seedlings, wherein the base fertilizer is added into the raw soil, the replacement and filling soil, the homemade garden soil or the culture medium in an organic fertilizer mode, and the additional fertilizer is applied to the leaves or the holes according to the requirements of the seedlings in different growth periods.

In some technical solutions, the arrangement of the irrigation facility is:

laying a dropper along the planting ditch, and connecting a plurality of droppers or a plurality of nozzles on the dropper;

respectively burying a plurality of spray heads connected with different claws or droppers of each dropper in different positions and different depths of fruit trees or forest planting; wherein,

the distance between adjacent arrow drops or multiple groups of spray heads is the same as the plant distance of fruit trees or forest trees, and the number of arrow drops or the number of groups of spray heads is the same as the number of the plants of the fruit trees or the forest trees.

In some technical schemes, the specific steps of planting the tree seedlings on the planting layer in the planting distance after the fruit trees or the forest trees form trees are as follows:

selecting spring with unfrozen soil and tree seedlings not yet sprouting or autumn with fallen tree seedlings leaves and unfrozen soil for field planting;

excavating a plurality of planting holes matched with the tree seeds on the planting layer;

soaking the fixedly planted tree seedlings with the original soil balls of the roots in a rooting agent for a proper time, wrapping with plant ash, placing in the planting holes, backfilling original soil, replacing the filled soil, self-making garden soil or a culture medium, compacting and covering with a film.

In some technical schemes, the drop arrow is a four-claw drop arrow, and four nozzles are connected to the same dropper in a group; the planting holes are square or round planting holes, the size of each square or round planting hole is 30-60 cm, and the distance between every two adjacent planting holes is 100-200 cm;

paving a waterproof, breathable and heat-insulating cloth flexible material in the planting hole to serve as an enclosure structure;

two opposite side edges of the square or round planting holes are randomly selected, and two of the four-claw drop arrow or two of the single-group spray heads are downwards embedded into the four-claw drop arrow;

when the planting sapling is backfilled with garden soil or the planting substrate is buried to the depth of 1/2, the rest two claws or the rest two sprayers in the single group of the four-claw drop arrow are buried downwards at the middle points of the other two opposite edges of the planting holes.

In some technical schemes, the management mode of intercropping and interplanting is as follows:

covering the plant straws harvested by the earlier-stage intercropping and interplanting to the planting ditches and the surrounding land surface in the dormant period of the fruit trees or the forest trees for entropy preservation;

the intercropping and interplanting arrangement is started after the dormancy period of the fruit trees or the forest trees is ended,

when the saplings are small, planting high-stalk corn and/or sorghum; after the tree seedlings grow up, dwarf peanuts and/or soybeans capable of growing with rhizobia and agropyron cristatum and/or Trimanthus praecox and/or Trifolium praecox with wind resistance and drought resistance are planted.

In some technical schemes, if the saline-alkali content of the raw soil is higher, large water is adopted for irrigation and leaching, and the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosure structure is provided with an overflow port for leaching the salt;

the replacement filling soil is suitable for cultivation and has low salt content;

the homemade garden soil mainly comprises clay, gobi soil or sandy soil, organic fertilizer and crushed plant straws treated by EM bacterial liquid,

the homemade garden soil backfilling mode can be to fill and level up the planting ditch after the above components are completely mixed; or a layer of clay, a layer of Gobi soil or sandy soil, a layer of organic fertilizer, a layer of crushed plant straws treated by EM bacterial liquid and a layer of clay are sequentially paved in the planting ditch; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the culture medium can be at least one of grass peat, coconut husk, vermiculite, perlite and sand.

In some technical schemes, the mode of carrying out leaf surface topdressing or hole topdressing according to the requirements of the saplings in different growth periods is as follows:

the follow-up topdressing leaf fertilizer and hole fertilization of fruit trees are respectively carried out 3 times per year, the follow-up topdressing of forest trees are respectively carried out 1 time in the growth period of new shoots and before winter,

the fruit tree hole-dressing fertilizer is respectively carried out after blooming, when young shoots stop growing and before winter, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is mainly used for each hole for 50-200 g after blooming and when young shoots stop growing, and decomposed organic fertilizer is mainly used for each hole for 1-20 kg before winter;

the fruit tree foliage fertilizer is applied in the prophase of bud, the flowering phase and the fruit swelling phase respectively, and the foliage fertilizer is compounded with potassium dihydrogen phosphate as a main component, a microelement fertilizer of boron, iron, molybdenum, manganese, zinc and copper, a biological regulator, fulvic acid and potassium humate;

the hole dressing fertilizer for the young sprout growth period of the forest mainly comprises a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, each plant is 100-500 g, and the hole dressing fertilizer before winter mainly comprises a decomposed organic fertilizer, each plant is 5-20 kg.

In some technical schemes, the anti-seepage ventilation enclosure structure is provided with an overflow gap, and the height of the overflow gap is arranged at a proper position of the depth of a plant root system planting area, for example, 1/10-1/2 of the depth from bottom to top.

In some technical solutions, the method further comprises the steps of:

the method is characterized in that the fruit trees or the forest trees are trimmed according to the growth conditions of the fruit trees or the forest trees, and the trimmed wounds are treated immediately after each trimming so as to prevent plant infection and reduce transpiration and water loss.

In some technical solutions, the method further comprises the steps of:

physical, biochemical and ecological pest control measures are adopted for the planting seedlings.

The invention adopts the technical scheme and at least has the following beneficial effects:

1. irrigating the deep and shallow areas and different directions of the roots of the fixedly planted seedlings by adopting drip irrigation facilities, so that irrigation water can directly reach each specific part of the roots of the seedlings, the transpiration loss of water in the water conveying process is reduced, and the water utilization efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the impermeable air-permeable enclosure structure laid in the planting ditch can further reduce the water loss and save water sources for the growth of plants;

2. adopting a plant planting mode of intercropping and interplanting, planting different plants in different seasons according to different growth heights and growth vigors of fruit trees or forest trees, and planting long-stalk plants such as corn and sorghum when saplings are small to play a role in shading; when the saplings grow up, drought-resistant and short-stalk plants such as soybeans and wheatgrass are planted, so that the improvement of field microclimate, the adjustment of soil moisture fluctuation and the improvement of soil moisture conservation and water storage capacity are facilitated;

3. fertilizing the fixedly planted seedlings by adopting a mode of combining base fertilizer and additional fertilizer, adding the base fertilizer into homemade garden soil or a culture medium in an organic fertilizer mode, and performing leaf surface additional fertilizer or hole additional fertilizer according to the requirements of the seedlings in different growth periods, so that the planting soil environment is obviously improved, and the high-quality yield of fruit trees is improved;

4. pruning fruit trees and forest trees according to the growth conditions, and pruning old leaf branches at the middle lower part and tender branches growing at the periphery of fruits at the middle upper part of the plant in the fruit swelling period of the fruit trees, so that the ventilation and light transmission of the plant are facilitated, and the nutrition loss of new branches is reduced; trimming after picking fruit of the fruit tree to adjust the plant type and promote high yield in the next year;

5. physical, biochemical and ecological pest control measures are adopted for the planting seedlings, plant damage caused by plant pests can be comprehensively and efficiently avoided, high yield and high yield of crops are further promoted, local economic benefit is improved, and the ecological environment of the gobi desert area is improved.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made of specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the information in the following description is only exemplary of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other information can be obtained based on the information and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive effort.

In this document, "a" means not only "only one of this but also a case of" more than one ".

It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The application provides a method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert areas, which comprises the following steps:

1. site preparation

1) Before planting, selecting a Gobi desert or desert land as a fruit tree or forest tree planting land, digging the Gobi desert into strip-shaped planting ditches with the width of 80-120 cm and the depth of 60-120 cm according to the row spacing after tree formation, wherein the ditch walls keep an uneven gully state during ditching so as to be convenient for ventilation, and the dug Gobi soil or sand is pushed into a ridge shape at two sides of the planting ditches so as to be convenient for rainwater to enter the ditches;

2) An anti-seepage air-permeable enclosure structure is laid in the planting ditch and provided with an overflow port, the opening height of the overflow port is positioned at a proper position of the depth of a plant root system planting area, for example, 1/10-1/2 of the plant root system planting area from bottom to top, a water-retaining heat-insulating separation barrier is formed between the planting area and the Gobi desert land through the waterproof air-permeable heat-insulating cloth enclosure structure, water is effectively stored for the growth of plants, the water level can be stably irrigated through the arrangement of the overflow layer port, the generation of waterlogging damage of the plants is avoided, and the growth quality of the crops is improved;

3) And backfilling the original soil into the planting ditch, replacing the filled soil, and self-making garden soil or culture medium to form planting. If the saline-alkali content of the raw soil is higher, large water is adopted for irrigation and leaching, and the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosure structure is provided with an overflow gap for leaching salt; the replacement filling soil is suitable for cultivation with low salt content; the homemade garden soil mainly comprises clay, gobi soil or sandy soil, organic fertilizer and crushed plant straws treated by EM bacterial liquid; the culture medium can be at least one of grass peat, coconut chaff, vermiculite, perlite and sand, 1-5 tons of organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of land during soil replacement and backfilling in the planting furrows, and the organic fertilizer is a decomposed organic fertilizer with high nitrogen fertilizer content. The homemade garden soil backfilling mode can be that the planting ditch is filled after the components are completely mixed; or a layer of clay, a layer of Gobi soil or sandy soil, a layer of organic fertilizer, a layer of crushed plant straws treated by EM bacterial liquid and a layer of clay are sequentially paved in the planting ditch.

In the preparation process of the site, the anti-seepage heat-preservation cloth enclosing structure is added, so that water and air can be preserved, water loss is avoided, water sources are saved, the heat preservation is carried out on a planting area, the water temperature and the water quantity suitable for the growth of crops are provided, and the high-yield and high-quality targets of fruit trees are met; the method is characterized in that garden soil is made by self, organic fertilizers are added to the garden soil to be required by plant growth nutrients, and the adopted main components comprise gobi soil or sandy soil and ground plant straws which can be obtained from local resources, so that the transportation cost in the process is reduced.

2. Irrigation facility arrangement

1) Laying a dropper along the planting ditch, connecting four drop arrows or four spray heads on the dropper, wherein the distance between every two adjacent drop arrows or multiple groups of spray heads is the same as the plant distance of the fruit trees or the forest trees, and the number of the drop arrows or the number of the groups of the spray heads is the same as the plant number of the fruit trees or the forest trees;

2) Firstly, installing the required quantity of drop arrows and the corresponding group of spray heads on a dropper, and burying soil of the four spray heads connected with the four claws or droppers of each drop arrow respectively at different positions and different depths along with the fruit trees or the forest trees when the fruit trees or the forest trees are fixedly planted.

The present case irrigation facilities waters the depth region and different position of field planting sapling rhizosphere, can make each concrete position of direct sapling root of watering water, reduces the transpiration loss of water among the water delivery process, improves moisture utilization efficiency.

3. Plant field planting

1) The planting time can be set in spring or autumn, and the specific date is determined by the tree species and the specific weather condition. If the soil is unfrozen and the saplings do not sprout, the process is carried out in spring; in autumn, the method is carried out when the leaves of the tree seedlings fall and the soil is not frozen. Usually, the planting is carried out in autumn in a plurality of choices.

2) The planting method comprises the following steps: before planting, digging square or round planting holes on the planting furrows, wherein the size of the square or round planting holes is 30-60 cm, the distance between the square or round planting holes is 100-200 cm, the square or round planting holes can be determined according to the condition of the tree species, and two opposite side edges of the dug square or round planting holes are selected to be downwards embedded into two claws or two single-group nozzles of the four-claw drop arrow; during field planting, soaking all the field planting trees which reserve the original soil balls at the roots in a bucket containing a rooting agent for 1-3 minutes, taking out the trees, immediately putting the trees into a big bag containing plant ash to wrap a layer of plant ash, immediately putting the trees into a planting hole, beginning to bury the original soil, changing the filling soil, self-making garden soil or a culture medium, and burying the trees downwards at the other two opposite side edges of the planting hole to 1/2 of the length of the planting hole or the rest two of the other two claws or a single group of spray heads; compacting and laminating after field planting, opening a drip irrigation control switch after all field planting in one line, and watering for 1 hour.

The field planting process of following the plant of present case respectively in plant hole after the excavation with backfill the original soil, trade fill, carry out the arrangement that drips the arrow branch claw or singly organize many shower nozzles in the plant hole of self-control garden soil or culture medium 1/2 respectively, realize that the water source is balanced to be carried to each position and height of plant root system, further promote crop growing environment, still carry out the surface coating after the field planting compaction, promote the plant and resist the sand blown by the wind ability, further promote to grow.

4. Management of fertilizer and water

1) When the fruit trees or the trees are fertilized and fixed, the organic fertilizer is used once in the planting furrows, the follow-up topdressing of the fruit trees is conducted with foliar fertilizer and hole fertilization 3 times each year, and the follow-up topdressing of the trees is conducted with hole fertilization 1 time respectively in the growth period of new shoots and before winter; during planting, the fruit trees or the forest trees are fertilized with decomposed organic fertilizer mainly, and 5-10 kg of organic fertilizer is fertilized for each tree.

The fruit tree hole-dressing fertilizer is respectively carried out after blooming, when young shoots stop growing and before winter, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is mainly used after blooming and when young shoots stop growing, each hole is 50-200 g each time, decomposed organic fertilizer is mainly used before winter, each hole is 1-20 kg, the hole form is a circumferential hole, namely a circular groove hole is formed around the base of a fruit tree, the hole width is 5-10 cm, the depth is 10-20 cm, the fertilizer is uniformly scattered into the circumferential hole after opening, and soil and film are covered; the fruit tree foliage dressing is applied in the bud prophase, the flowering phase and the fruit swelling phase, and the foliage dressing mainly comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate, compound microelement fertilizers such as boron, iron, molybdenum, manganese, zinc, copper and the like, biological regulators, fulvic acid and potassium humate so as to promote flowers and promote fruits, protect flowers and preserve fruits, improve the fruit quality and improve the yield.

The hole-dressing fertilizer for the young sprout growth period of the forest mainly comprises nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, each plant is 100-500 g, the hole-dressing fertilizer before winter mainly comprises decomposed organic fertilizer, each plant is 5-20 kg, the form of the holes is circumferential holes, namely circular groove holes are formed around the base of the tree, the width of the holes is 5-10 cm, the depth of the holes is 10-20 cm, the fertilizer is uniformly spread into the circumferential holes after the holes are opened, and soil and film are covered.

2) Irrigating fruit trees or forest trees, watering once after field planting, watering once after fertilizing each time, watering the last time every year along with hole fertilizer before winter, not watering from soil sealing to unfreezing, and performing semi-automatic irrigation by using dripping arrows at other times according to drought conditions and plant growth conditions.

According to the scheme, the planting seedlings are fertilized by adopting a mode of combining base fertilizer and additional fertilizer, the base fertilizer is added into original soil, changed filling soil, homemade garden soil or a culture medium in an organic fertilizer mode, and the additional fertilizer is applied to leaf surfaces or holes according to the requirements of the seedlings in different growth periods, so that the planting soil environment is obviously improved, and the high-quality yield of fruit trees is improved; according to the plant growth and drought conditions, the drip arrow is utilized to perform semi-automatic irrigation, is simple and convenient, and can supplement water for plant growth.

5. Pruning and pruning

1) Pruning is carried out 1-2 times every year, and the aim of maintaining tree shape and modeling is to remove branches of trees when the growth of new shoots is stopped and before the trees are fertilized in holes before winter when fruit trees are arranged in fruit swelling period and after fruit picking respectively.

In the first fruit swelling period of the fruit tree, old leaves at the middle lower part of the plant and tender branches growing at the periphery of the fruit at the middle upper part of the plant are mainly trimmed, and the aims of facilitating ventilation and light transmission of the plant and reducing nutrition loss of new branches are fulfilled; trimming the fruit trees after the second fruit picking to adjust the plant types and promote the high yield in the next year, and carrying out major trimming on the whole fruit trees; the cut of the fruit tree or the forest is kept flat and smooth every time of pruning, and the pruning wound is immediately treated after pruning.

2) And (3) after trimming, treating the wound, wiping the wound by using low-concentration potassium permanganate or sodium hypochlorite, and then coating protective agents such as paraffin or sealant.

The pruning method is characterized in that pruning is carried out every year before and after the fixing of the pole of the fruit tree or the forest, 1-2 times of pruning is carried out every year according to the growth condition of the fruit tree or the forest, and the pruning wound is immediately treated after each pruning, so that the plant infection is prevented, and the transpiration and the water loss are reduced.

6. Management of intercropping and interplanting

1) Intercropping planting is not carried out in the dormant period of fruit trees or forest trees, and the planting ditches and the periphery are covered by the plant straws harvested by the intercropping before each dormancy for entropy preservation; after the dormancy stage of the fruit trees or the forest trees is finished, intercropping arrangement can be carried out in the planting furrows and nearby according to seasons, and when the saplings are small, long-stalk plants such as corn, sorghum and the like can be planted to play a role in shading light; after the saplings grow up, drought-resistant and short-stalk plants such as soybeans, wheatgrass and the like are suitable for being planted in a non-dormancy stage, field microclimate is improved, soil moisture fluctuation is adjusted, soil moisture conservation and water storage capacity is improved, and the long-stalk plants are not planted any more.

2) The intercropping plants can be planted at the same time for more than 2 kinds, the aim of obtaining the high yield of the intercropping plants is not taken, the first requirement of high yield and high quality of fruit trees is met, and plants with aromatic odor can be planted when diseases and insect pests happen.

The intercropping and interplanting management of the scheme is characterized in that different plants are planted in different seasons according to different growth heights and growth vigors of fruit trees or forest trees, and the planted plants include but are not limited to long-stalk plants such as corn and sorghum, plants such as peanut and soybean which can be symbiotic with rhizobia, drought-resistant, wind-resistant and sand-protecting plants such as wheatgrass, trigonopsis pinnata and clover. The plant growth space and resources are fully utilized in an intercropping and interplanting mode to form a spatial structure of a community, and the ecological planting method has the functions of preventing wind and fixing sand, avoiding water and soil loss and cultivating land.

7. Pest control

The pest control adopts a comprehensive control management method with physical control, biological control and ecological control as main parts and chemical control as auxiliary parts, wherein the physical control mainly comprises hanging a yellow blue plate and installing a solar insect catching lamp.

The scheme adopts physical, biochemical and ecological pest control means for the planting seedlings, can comprehensively and efficiently avoid plant death, fallen leaves, withering and the like caused by plant pests, further promotes high yield and high yield of crops, promotes local economic income, and improves the ecological environment of the gobi desert area.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for planting fruit forest in the northwest gobi desert area is characterized by comprising the following steps:

digging a plurality of planting ditches downwards from the surface of the desert soil of the Gobi according to the row spacing after the trees are formed, backfilling original soil in the planting ditches paved with the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosing structures, replacing the filled soil, and self-making garden soil or culture medium to form planting layers;

2. The method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert area as claimed in claim 1, wherein said irrigation facilities are arranged in the following way:

3. The method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert areas as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific steps of planting the seedlings on the planting layer with the planting distance of the fruit trees or the trees after the trees are planted are as follows:

4. The method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert areas according to claim 3,

the drop arrow is a four-claw drop arrow, and four nozzles are connected to the same dropper in a group; the planting holes are square or round planting holes, the size of each square or round planting hole is 30-60 cm, and the distance between every two adjacent planting holes is 100-200 cm;

two opposite edges of the square or round planting hole are randomly selected, and two claws or two of single-group nozzles of the four-claw drop arrow are downwards embedded;

and when the original soil of the planting seedlings is backfilled, the filling soil is changed, and the garden soil or the culture medium is made to be filled to the depth of 1/2, the rest two claws or the rest two sprayers in the single group of the four-claw dropping arrows are downwards embedded at the middle points of the other two opposite edges of the planting holes.

5. The method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert areas according to claim 1, wherein the management mode of intercropping is as follows:

the intercropping and interplanting arrangement is started after the dormant period of the fruit trees or the forest trees is ended,

when the saplings are small, planting high-stalk corn and/or sorghum; after the tree seedlings grow up, dwarf peanuts and/or soybeans which can grow with rhizobia, and agropyron cristatum and/or Trimanthus pinnatifida and/or Trifolium pratense which are windproof and drought-resistant are planted.

6. The method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert areas according to claim 1,

if the saline-alkali content of the raw soil is higher, large water is adopted for irrigation and leaching, and the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosure structure is provided with an overflow port for leaching salt;

the replacement filling soil is suitable for cultivation with low salt content;

the homemade garden soil backfilling mode can be that the planting ditch is filled after the components are completely mixed; or sequentially filling a layer of clay, a layer of Gobi soil or sandy soil, a layer of organic fertilizer, a layer of crushed plant straws treated by EM bacterial liquid and a layer of clay in the planting ditch; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

7. The method for planting the fruit forest in the northwest gobi desert area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top dressing is carried out by foliar top dressing or hole top dressing according to the requirements of the seedlings in different growth periods:

the fruit tree hole-dressing fertilizer is respectively carried out after blooming, when young shoots stop growing and before winter, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is mainly used after blooming and when young shoots stop growing, each hole is 50-200 g, and decomposed organic fertilizer is mainly used before winter, and each hole is 1-20 kg;

8. The method for planting fruit trees in the northwest gobi desert areas according to claim 1,

the anti-seepage air-permeable enclosure structure is provided with an overflow port, and the height of the overflow port is 1/10-1/2 of the depth of a plant root system planting area from bottom to top.

9. The method for planting fruit forests in the northwest gobi desert area according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the steps of:

the method is characterized in that the fruit trees or the forest trees are trimmed according to the growth conditions of the fruit trees or the forest trees, and trimming wounds are immediately treated after each trimming, so that the plant infection is prevented, and the transpiration and the water loss are reduced.

10. The method for planting fruit forest in the northwest gobi desert area as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the steps of: