CN104012361B - A kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape - Google Patents
A kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, comprise and dig field planting ditch, lay material, to water sedimentation, fill and lead up, concrete operation step comprises: at sand, gravel soil digs field planting ditch, at field planting furrow bank, field planting bottom of trench lays antiseepage film, antiseepage film is laid stone layer, stone layer lays the soil layer that sieves, sieving, laying on soil layer contains maize straw, sieve the first mixed soil that is native and fertilizer, water on the first mixed soil layer, the second mixed soil layer containing sieve topsoil and fertilizer is laid on the first mixed soil layer after sedimentation, fill up field planting ditch.Soil after the method improvement can prevent the loss of rich water, the growth of suitable grape, and can realize the object of water saving, reduces investment of production, additional income.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, be specifically related to a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape.
Background technology
At present, along with the raising of people's living standard, increasing to demand vinous, therefore also increasing to the demand of grape-growing areas.Although a lot of local weather conditions of China are suitable for the plantation of grape, but be not suitable for the growth of grape due to soil, as the Plain that some rivers impact, soil content is large, gravel is many, the content of organic matter is low, soil nutrient is few, liquid manure easily runs off, the grape base wanting to set up high-quality must improve soil, reduces liquid manure and runs off.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, and the method can prevent the loss of liquid manure in soil, obtains the soil of suitable wine-growing.
In order to solve technical problem of the present invention, the technical scheme that inventor provides is:
Prevent the method that soil liquid manure runs off when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, wherein, operating procedure comprises:
A. field planting ditch is dug, field planting ditch depth 90-130cm, wide 100-120cm on the ground at gravel soil;
B. lay antiseepage film respectively at field planting furrow bank, field planting bottom of trench, antiseepage film leaves gap bottom field planting ditch;
C. in antiseepage film, lay stone become stone layer, the thickness of stone layer is 10cm;
D. on stone layer, lay the topsoil that sieves become the soil layer that sieves, the thickness of the layer that sieves is 10cm;
E. the first mixed soil layer is become at maize straw soil layer being laid pulverizing that sieves, the mixture sieving topsoil and fertilizer, the volume ratio of described maize straw, sieve topsoil and fertilizer is 1:3:1, and described first mixed soil layer thickness fills up field planting ditch;
F. water on the first mixed soil layer, the first mixed soil layer generation sedimentation;
G. on the first mixed soil layer after sedimentation, lay the mixture of topsoil and fertilizer of sieving become the second mixed soil layer, described in the sieve volume ratio of topsoil and fertilizer be 4:1, the upper surface distance earth's surface 10cm of described second mixed soil layer.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, in described step b, the width in gap is 10-20cm.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, in described step c, the diameter of stone is 1-3cm.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, the particle diameter≤0.5cm after the topsoil that sieves in described steps d sieves.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, after the topsoil that sieves in described step e sieves, particle diameter is 0.5cm.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, the number of times watered in described step f is 1-2 time.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, the amount of watering in described step f is >0.5m
3water/m
3soil.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, the time of sedimentation in described step f is >=10d.
The above-mentioned method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, the particle diameter after the topsoil that sieves in described step g sieves is≤0.5cm
The method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape provided by the invention, the cross section of described field planting ditch is rectangle, the loss that the antiseepage film that the field planting ditch bottom is laid can prevent moisture too fast, for grape growth provides sufficient moisture, stay the gap of establishing that unnecessary moisture can be made to flow away between antiseepage film, ensure that field planting ditch and deep soil have certain water, gas, fertile exchange, the grapevine seedling avoiding excess moisture to cause is dead, guarantees the growth conditions that grapevine seedling is good.
The method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape provided by the invention, described stone layer can increase water penetration, prevents from accumulating too much moisture in soil.
The method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape provided by the invention, described first mixed soil layer is the integrated distribution layer of following grape root system, this layer adds more straw, animal wastes object increases the organic matter in soil, for grape growth provides nutrition and comparatively suitable soil porosity.
Provided by the invention prevent gravel soil on the ground cultivating grape time the soil liquid manure method that runs off, after soil backfill, field planting ditch soil packing is inadequate, by watering, makes soil natural sedimentation, reach be suitable for grape growth tight ness rating.
The method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape provided by the invention, described second mixed soil layer is seedling planting layer, is applicable to the growth of grape nursery stock then.The distance on the upper surface distance earth's surface of the second mixed soil layer is set as 10cm, be convenient to water to grape, and when watering, current is concentrated, not easily spreads in the soil away from grape, improve irrigation efficiency, saved and used water under this condition.
Fertilizer of the present invention is animal wastes, plant residue, uses after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape provided by the invention, the method can prevent the loss of liquid manure in soil, obtains the soil of suitable wine-growing, and can realize the object of water saving, reduces investment of production, additional income.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view after field planting ditch of the present invention fills up material.
In figure, the implication of each label is: 1 antiseepage film, 2 stone layers, and 3 sieve soil layer, 4 first mixed soil layers, 5 second mixed soil layers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, content of the present invention is further described in detail.
Experimental field be positioned at Huailai, Hebei county, total solar radiation 146.36 kilocalories/cm2 ,≤10 DEG C of active accumulated temperatures 3500 DEG C, year samming 8.9 DEG C, frost-free season 120 ~ 160d, year precipitation is between 420 ~ 480mm, and spring drought is serious, rain heat same period, skewness, focused mostly in 6,7,8 months, concerning plantation grape rainfall obviously not enough, the needs of grape growth can not be met.Test Orchard Soil is cinnamon soil, and quality is partially husky, many gravels, and this kind of gas permeability of soil is suitable for well the plantation of grape, but leak, leak fertile serious.
Test kind is the red earth, area under cultivation totally 14 mu, wherein cultivating soil totally 7 mu of carrying out according to the method for the invention processing.
Field planting ditch processing method is set to 3 kinds, and process I, process II are for process soil according to the method for the invention, specific as follows:
Process I: antiseepage 1.2m (wide) × 1.3m (deeply) × 110m (length).First spread antiseepage film, at the bottom of film, stay seam 10-20cm for infiltration.Stone layer (thickness 10cm is upwards followed successively by by bottom, cobble-stone diameter 1-3cm), the soil layer 10cm that sieves, the first mixed soil layer (maize straw, sieve topsoil and organic fertilizer mixture, ratio 1:3:1), the second mixed soil layer (sieve topsoil and organic fertilizer mixture, ratio 4:1).
Process II: antiseepage 1.0m (wide) × 0.9cm (deeply) × 110m (length).First spread antiseepage film, at the bottom of film, stay seam 10-20cm for infiltration.Stone layer (thickness 10cm is upwards followed successively by by bottom, cobble-stone diameter 1-3cm), the soil layer 10cm that sieves, the first mixed soil layer (maize straw, sieve topsoil and organic fertilizer mixture, ratio 1:3:1), the second mixed soil layer (sieve topsoil and organic fertilizer mixture, ratio 4:1).
Contrast (CK): non-antiseepage 1.2m (wide) × 1.1m (deeply) × 110m (length).The mixed packing gross thickness of soil, cow dung, broken corn stalk and phosphate fertilizer 50kg is 95cm, it is the soil layer of 15cm.
Spring in 2009 carries out field planting Red globe grape, within 2011, investigates to each processing method.
Embodiment 1 is on the impact of soil moisture content
(1) materials and methods
Test period: 2011
Test material: varieties of plant: the red earth, age of tree life in 3 years.
Test method: after spring in 2011, grape was unearthed, often to process in ditch (centre position) every 20m and arrange a sample point, point 0 ~ 5cm, 15 ~ 20cm, 35 ~ 40cm, 55 ~ 60cm tetra-layers measure soil moisture content.Grape analyzes a soil moisture content in after pouring water every 2 days, till second time is poured water, sets up soil moisture content transformation curve, and adds up year irrigation frequency and irrigation quantity (irrigation volume=irrigation time × water yield).
(2) results and analysis
1. the unearthed rear soil moisture content investigation of grape in spring
On April 17th, 2011 is investigated soil moisture content in the rear Valley of Vineyards that is unearthed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 grape is unearthed Hou Gounei soil moisture content unit: water content %
| Processing method | 0～5cm | 15～20cm | 35～40cm | 55～60cm |
| Process 1 | 7.4a | 12.5a | 14.3a | 15.2a |
| Process 2 | 7.2a | 11.8a | 14.2a | 15.4a |
| CK | 7.2a | 8.3b | 9.0b | 9.8b |
Significant difference between alphabetical a, b representative process in table.
In table 1, data illustrate, except topsoil (0 ~ 5cm) water content difference is not remarkable, the soil moisture content under antiseepage pattern is all significantly higher than non-antiseepage pattern.In test garden, maxmun field capacity is 20% after measured, and field capacity needed for grape growth is 12% ~ 16%.In this research under antiseepage cultivation condition, after grape is unearthed, soil moisture content can meet grape normal growth, but not under antiseepage cultivation condition grape be unearthed after soil moisture content lower than the lower limit of soil moisture content needed for grape, will have an impact to the growth of grape if watered not in time.
2. different disposal irrigates rear soil moisture content change
In June, 2011 has carried out Continuous Observation to process different depth soil moisture content each after irrigation, and every two days records once, until next time irrigates, the results are shown in Table 2-4.
Table 2 processes 1 different depth soil moisture content change (%)
| Soil depth | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| 0～5cm | 14.60 | 14.51 | 13.33 | 12.92 | 11.29 | 8.15 | 6.80 | 5.63 | 5.23 | 4.11 |
| 15～20cm | 15.46 | 14.81 | 14.64 | 14.43 | 14.39 | 14.31 | 13.25 | 13.12 | 12.83 | 12.03 |
| 35～40cm | 16.80 | 16.10 | 15.96 | 15.16 | 15.11 | 14.98 | 14.59 | 13.94 | 13.35 | 12.75 |
| 55～60cm | 17.82 | 17.20 | 16.55 | 15.93 | 15.52 | 15.33 | 14.82 | 14.33 | 13.92 | 13.25 |
Table 3 processes 2 different depth soil moisture contents change (%)
| Soil depth | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| 0～5cm | 14.72 | 14.55 | 13.44 | 12.83 | 11.27 | 7.66 | 6.55 | 5.65 | 5.42 | 4.05 |
| 15～20cm | 15.37 | 14.82 | 14.53 | 14.52 | 14.32 | 14.20 | 13.84 | 13.02 | 12.79 | 12.52 |
| 35～40cm | 16.77 | 16.03 | 15.82 | 15.20 | 15.13 | 14.77 | 14.68 | 13.83 | 13.27 | 12.86 |
| 55～60cm | 17.73 | 17.12 | 16.47 | 15.88 | 15.43 | 15.00 | 14.78 | 14.35 | 13.87 | 13.22 |
Different depth soil moisture content that table 4 contrasts (CK) change (%)
| Soil depth | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| 0～5cm | 13.44 | 13.16 | 12.01 | 11.33 | 10.10 | 7.15 | 6.42 | 5.11 | 4.92 | 4.22 |
| 15～20cm | 14.43 | 13.85 | 12.58 | 11.93 | 11.73 | 10.99 | 10.60 | 9.57 | 8.75 | 7.21 |
| 35～40cm | 15.71 | 14.31 | 13.86 | 12.81 | 12.72 | 12.15 | 11.24 | 10.33 | 9.72 | 9.10 |
| 55～60cm | 16.02 | 15.44 | 14.96 | 14.53 | 13.92 | 13.44 | 12.78 | 12.10 | 11.22 | 10.63 |
Data in table 2-4 show, after irrigation, in each process, soil moisture content presents decline trend all in time, and wherein Surfaces soil water content decline rate is the fastest.Soil moisture content due to test region grape suitable growth is about 12%, and therefore from table 2-4, we can find out that Red globe grape 15cm ~ 60cm deep soil water content that antiseepage is cultivated all can reach the soil moisture content level meeting grape suitable growth before second time is irrigated.And the soil moisture content of each level of contrast has dropped to less than 12% before second time is irrigated, be not suitable for the growth of grape.
The different depth soil moisture content of different disposal is compared separately, as shown in table 5-8.
The soil moisture content change of 0 ~ 5cm place, table 5 underground
| Processing method | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| Process 1 | 14.60 | 14.51 | 13.33 | 12.92 | 11.29 | 8.15 | 6.80 | 5.63 | 5.23 | 4.11 |
| Process 2 | 14.72 | 14.55 | 13.44 | 12.83 | 11.27 | 7.66 | 6.55 | 5.65 | 5.42 | 4.05 |
| Contrast (CK) | 13.44 | 13.16 | 12.01 | 11.33 | 10.10 | 7.15 | 6.42 | 5.11 | 4.92 | 4.22 |
The soil moisture content change of 10 ~ 20cm place, table 6 underground
| Processing method | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| Process 1 | 15.46 | 14.81 | 14.64 | 14.43 | 14.39 | 14.31 | 13.25 | 13.12 | 12.83 | 12.03 |
| Process 2 | 15.37 | 14.82 | 14.53 | 14.52 | 14.32 | 14.20 | 13.84 | 13.02 | 12.79 | 12.52 |
| Contrast (CK) | 14.43 | 13.85 | 12.58 | 11.93 | 11.73 | 10.99 | 10.60 | 9.57 | 8.75 | 7.21 |
The soil moisture content change of 35 ~ 40cm place, table 7 underground
| Processing method | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| Process 1 | 16.80 | 16.10 | 15.96 | 15.16 | 15.11 | 14.98 | 14.59 | 13.94 | 13.35 | 12.75 |
| Process 2 | 16.77 | 16.03 | 15.82 | 15.20 | 15.13 | 14.77 | 14.68 | 13.83 | 13.27 | 12.86 |
| Contrast (CK) | 15.71 | 14.31 | 13.86 | 12.81 | 12.72 | 12.15 | 11.24 | 10.33 | 9.72 | 9.10 |
The soil moisture content change of 55 ~ 60cm place, table 8 underground
| Processing method | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 14 days | 16 days | 18 days | 20 days |
| Process 1 | 17.82 | 17.20 | 16.55 | 15.93 | 15.52 | 15.33 | 14.82 | 14.33 | 13.92 | 13.25 |
| Process 2 | 17.73 | 17.12 | 16.47 | 15.88 | 15.43 | 15.00 | 14.78 | 14.35 | 13.87 | 13.22 |
| Contrast (CK) | 16.02 | 15.44 | 14.96 | 14.53 | 13.92 | 13.44 | 12.78 | 12.10 | 11.22 | 10.63 |
Above-mentioned result of study shows, each level soil moisture content of control group is all less than Anti-seeping technology I and II, and between Anti-seeping technology I and II, each level soil moisture content difference is not remarkable.Control group is cultivated owing to not adopting antiseepage, and each level soil moisture content underspeeds all higher than other process.In each level soil, when antiseepage cultivation drops to 12% with the vineyard that non-antiseepage is cultivated, required number of days is different, wherein underground 0 ~ 5cm place, and number of days when each process soil moisture content that antiseepage is cultivated reaches 12% is 8 days, and contrast is 6 days; 15 ~ 20cm place, underground, the number of days that antiseepage is cultivated when each process water content reaches 12% is 20, and contrast is 8; 35 ~ 40cm place, underground and 55 ~ 60cm place, underground, the number of days that antiseepage is cultivated when each process water content reaches 12% is more than 20 days, and contrast is respectively 12 days and 14 days.Visible, use the mode of antiseepage cultivation to compare with non-antiseepage planting type, the irrigation time that at least can extend a week.Embodiment 2 different disposal method year irrigation quantity measures
Inventor adds up the irrigation time of different disposal method and irrigation volume, the results are shown in Table 9.
Table 9 different antiseepage cultivation Red globe grape mu irrigation volume
In table 9, result shows: the average irrigation time of process I and process II decreases 13min compared with the control, and namely irrigation volume decreases 10.7m
3.Use antiseepage cultivation extend irrigation number of days, year irrigation frequency decrease 1 time than non-antiseepage grape, year irrigation volume reduce 34.4%.Visible, grape antiseepage cultivation can play the effect of water saving effectively, reduces investment of production, additional income.
Brief summary
1. Huailai Areas due to amount of rainfall in the winter less, grape in spring 0 ~ 60cm deep soil water content when unearthed is only 7.2% ~ 9.8%, do not reach the soil moisture content standard meeting Red globe grape normal growth needs 12%, and the grape adopting antiseepage to cultivate when being unearthed 40 ~ 60cm (the main area of grape root system) deep soil water content all reach more than 14% and can meet Red globe grape normal growth needs, for grape rudiment provides sufficient moisture.
2. adopt in vineyard, Huailai Areas antiseepage cultivation to compare with non-antiseepage planting type, the irrigation time of a week can be extended.Reduce a year irrigation frequency, year irrigation volume reduce 34.4%, visible, grape antiseepage cultivation can play the effect of water saving effectively, reduces investment of production, additional income.
Embodiment 3 is on the impact of soil nutrient content
(1) materials and methods
Test period: in September, 2011
Test material: the red earth, age of tree life in 3 years.
Test method: the every 20m of each process arranges a sample point, all be positioned at field planting ditch centre position, each sample point gets underground 20cm, 40cm, the each 0.5kg of 60cm place soil, by the soil of different depth difference Homogeneous phase mixing together, utilize cross split plot design to split, finally remain 0.5kg to be measured.Main testing index is full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, effectively iron, the content of organic matter.
Evaluation of Soil Nutrients standard and method: perform according to Soil In Beijing nutrient code of points, as shown in table 10.
Table 10 soil nutrient index code of points
Note: the separation inclusion relation between each index value graded region is down (limit) and contains, upper (limit) does not contain, such as, in organic " height " grade, " 25 ~ 20 " expression " be more than or equal to 20; and be less than the interval value of 25 ", other are roughly the same.
Table 11 is soil nutrient index weights.
Table 11 soil nutrient index weights
| Project | Weight (W) |
| Organic | 0.30 |
| Full nitrogen (N) or available nitrogen (N) | 0.25 |
| Rapid available phosphorus (P) | 0.25 |
| Available potassium (K) | 0.20 |
| Add up to | 1.00 |
Calculate the nutrient composite index in each evaluation plot, adopt addition model:
I=∑ Fi × Wi (i=1,2,3 ..., n), in formula: I represents plot nutrient composite index, Fi=i-th index score value, the weight of Wi=i-th index.
Table 12 is soil nutrient grade classification rule.
Table 12 soil nutrient grade classification rule
| Grade | Composite index (I) |
| High | 100～95 |
| High | 95～75 |
| In | 75～50 |
| Low | 50～30 |
| Extremely low | 30～0 |
Note: the separation inclusion relation between comprehensive grading numerical value graded region is down (limit) and contains, upper (limit) does not contain, and if any in " height " grade, the interval value that " 95 ~ 75 " expression " is more than or equal to 75, and is less than 95 ", other roughly the same.
(2) results and analysis
Mostly be ground, river course Huailai County wine-growing, though remove part ratchel during field planting, but sandstone ratio is still higher, this kind of gas permeability of soil is good, be suitable for the plantation of grape, but leak, leak fertile serious, for this improves fertilizing method, the using method of base manure is become autumn Shi Weichun execute, concrete fertilizer applications is in table 13.
Table 13 Red globe grape fertilizer applications
* base manure, base manure fertilization time is execute in the spring, fertilizing method is that interior paving of being first expert at spring is executed, (namely the annual the first tenday period of a month in May by different disposal consumption fertilizer uniform spreading in grape is capable, pour water after twice and gently plough under soil), after autumn grape maturity, the dressing furrow of dark wide 60cm × 50cm is opened in south of being expert at apart from grapevine seedling 1m place, and the fertilizer be then layered on spring in row mixes together to apply in ditch with table soil also pours water in time.
After picking fruit, measure according to the soil of the method for the invention process and the soil nutrient content of contrast, the results are shown in Table 14.
Table 14 different disposal soil nutrient content
Significant difference between alphabetical a, b representative process in table.
Can find out all there is significant difference according to full potassium, full nitrogen, available potassium, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, DTPA-Fe between the soil of the method for the invention process and contrast soil, it is not remarkable that difference between two process nutrient contents is cultivated in antiseepage.The full potassium of soil of the method for the invention process, available potassium, full nitrogen, available nitrogen, full phosphorus, rapid available phosphorus, effectively iron, the content of organic matter comparatively average increase rate of control group are followed successively by 22.8%, 29.5%, 64.3%, 15.6%, 33.3%, 38.9%, 27.2%, 4.5%.Be sandy soil due to vineyard, Project Areas and contain gravel more, lack cementing power between soil particle, become fragmentary simple grain, though draining and air capacity of soils good, but preserve moisture and fertility ability, therefore uses antiseepage restriction cultivation effectively can reduce the loss of soil nutrient in field planting ditch.
Carry out overall merit to the anti-soil nutrient blending non-antiseepage grape, evaluation result is as table 15.Result shows, uses the soil nutrient overall target (I) of antiseepage cultivation mode to be 70, reaches medium level.Although non-antiseepage Red globe grape soil nutrient also reaches medium level, soil nutrient overall target is 61, much smaller than each process of antiseepage.
Table 15 is process nutrient comprehensive evaluation index and score value respectively
(3) brief summary
Many containing on the sandy soil of gravel, adopt anti-seepage method of the present invention to cultivate and can improve Lou fertile phenomenon of leaking, be all significantly improved under full potassium, available potassium, full nitrogen, available nitrogen, full phosphorus, rapid available phosphorus, effectively iron, the more non-antiseepage situation of the content of organic matter in soil.
In sum, provided by the invention prevent gravel soil on the ground cultivating grape time the soil liquid manure method that runs off, effectively can improve Lou fertile phenomenon of leaking, play the effect of water saving, reduce investment of production, additional income, the soil after the method improvement is suitable for the growth of grape.
Claims (9)
1. prevent the method that soil liquid manure runs off when gravel soil ground cultivating grape, it is characterized in that, operating procedure comprises:
A. field planting ditch is dug, field planting ditch depth 90-130cm, wide 100-120cm on the ground at gravel soil;
B. lay antiseepage film (1) respectively at field planting furrow bank, field planting bottom of trench, antiseepage film (1) leaves gap bottom field planting ditch;
C. become stone layer (2) at the upper stone of laying of antiseepage film (1), the thickness of stone layer (2) is 10cm;
D. become the soil layer that sieves (3) at the upper laying of stone layer (2) topsoil that sieves, the thickness of the soil layer that sieves (3) is 10cm;
E. the first mixed soil layer (4) is become at the upper maize straw of laying pulverizing of the soil layer that sieves (3), the mixture of sieve topsoil and fertilizer, the volume ratio of described maize straw, sieve topsoil and fertilizer is 1:3:1, and described first mixed soil layer (4) thickness fills up field planting ditch;
F. watering on the first mixed soil layer (4), there is sedimentation in the first mixed soil layer (4);
G. the second mixed soil layer (5) is become to the upper mixture laying sieve topsoil and fertilizer of the first mixed soil layer (4) after sedimentation, the volume ratio of described sieve topsoil and fertilizer is 4:1, and the upper surface of described second mixed soil layer (5) is apart from earth's surface 10cm.
2. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step b, the width in gap is 10-20cm.
3. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step c, the diameter of stone is 1-3cm.
4. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter≤0.5cm after the topsoil that sieves in described steps d sieves.
5. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after the topsoil that sieves in described step e sieves, particle diameter is 0.5cm.
6. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the number of times watered in described step f is 1-2 time.
7. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the amount of watering in described step f is >0.5m
3water/m
3soil.
8. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the time of sedimentation in described step f is >=10d.
9. a kind of method preventing the soil liquid manure loss when gravel soil ground cultivating grape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter after the topsoil that sieves in described step g sieves is≤0.5cm.
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